Martin Becker

2020 [ nach oben ]

Integration of Mechanistic Immunological Knowledge into a Machine Learning Pipeline Increases Predictive Power. Culos, Anthony; Tsai, Amy S.; Stanley, Natalie; Becker, Martin; Ghaemi, Mohammad S.; Mcilwain, David R.; Fallahzadeh, Ramin; Tanada, Athena; Nassar, Huda; Ganio, Edward; Peterson, Laura; Han, Xiaoyuan; Stelzer, ina; Ando, Kazuo; Gaudilliere, Dyani; Phongpreecha, Thanaphong; Mari’c, Ivana; Chang, Alan L.; Shaw, Gary M.; Stevenson, David K.; Bendall, Sean; Davis, Kara L.; Fantl, Wendy; Nolan, Garry P.; Hastie, Trevor; Tibshirani, Robert; Angst, Martin S.; Gaudilliere, Brice; Aghaeepour, Nima in bioRxiv (2020).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ]
 
High-throughput single-cell analysis technologies produce an abundance of data that is critical for profiling the heterogeneity of cellular systems. We introduce VoPo (https://github.com/stanleyn/VoPo), a machine learning algorithm for predictive modeling and comprehensive visualization of the heterogeneity captured in large single-cell datasets. In three mass cytometry datasets, with the largest measuring hundreds of millions of cells over hundreds of samples, VoPo defines phenotypically and functionally homogeneous cell populations. VoPo further outperforms state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms in classification tasks, and identified immune-correlates of clinically-relevant parameters.
@article{stanley2020leverages, abstract = {High-throughput single-cell analysis technologies produce an abundance of data that is critical for profiling the heterogeneity of cellular systems. We introduce VoPo (https://github.com/stanleyn/VoPo), a machine learning algorithm for predictive modeling and comprehensive visualization of the heterogeneity captured in large single-cell datasets. In three mass cytometry datasets, with the largest measuring hundreds of millions of cells over hundreds of samples, VoPo defines phenotypically and functionally homogeneous cell populations. VoPo further outperforms state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms in classification tasks, and identified immune-correlates of clinically-relevant parameters.}, author = {Stanley, Natalie and Stelzer, Ina A. and Tsai, Amy S. and Fallahzadeh, Ramin and Ganio, Edward and Becker, Martin and Phongpreecha, Thanaphong and Nassar, Huda and Ghaemi, Sajjad and Maric, Ivana and Culos, Anthony and Chang, Alan L. and Xenochristou, Maria and Han, Xiaoyuan and Espinosa, Camilo and Rumer, Kristen and Peterson, Laura and Verdonk, Franck and Gaudilliere, Dyani and Tsai, Eileen and Feyaerts, Dorien and Einhaus, Jakob and Ando, Kazuo and Wong, Ronald J. and Obermoser, Gerlinde and Shaw, Gary M. and Stevenson, David K. and Angst, Martin S. and Gaudilliere, Brice and Aghaeepour, Nima}, journal = {Nature Communications}, keywords = {auto cell clustering cytof cytometry gating heterogeneous mass meta myown prediction predictive single}, number = 1, pages = {3738--}, title = {VoPo leverages cellular heterogeneity for predictive modeling of single-cell data}, volume = 11, year = 2020 }

OpenLUR: Off-the-shelf air pollution modeling with open features and machine learning. Lautenschlager, Florian; Becker, Martin; Kobs, Konstantin; Steininger, Michael; Davidson, Padraig; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas in Atmospheric Environment (2020). 233 117535.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ]
 
To assess the exposure of citizens to pollutants like NOx or particulate matter in urban areas, land use regression (LUR) models are a well established method. LUR models leverage information about environmental and anthropogenic factors such as cars, heating, or industry to predict air pollution in areas where no measurements have been made. However, existing approaches are often not globally applicable and require tedious hyper-parameter tuning to enable high quality predictions. In this work, we tackle these issues by introducing OpenLUR, an off-the-shelf approach for modeling air pollution that (i) works on a set of novel features solely extracted from the globally and openly available data source OpenStreetMap and (ii) is based on state-of-the-art machine learning featuring automated hyper-parameter tuning in order to minimize manual effort. We show that our proposed features are able to outperform their counterparts from local and closed sources, and illustrate how automated hyper parameter tuning can yield competitve results while alleviating the need for expert knowledge in machine learning and manual effort. Importantly, we further demonstrate the potential of the global availability of our features by applying cross-learning across different cities in order to reduce the need for a large amount of training samples. Overall, OpenLUR represents an off-the-shelf approach that facilitates easily reproducible experiments and the development of globally applicable models.
@article{lautenschlager2020openlur, abstract = {To assess the exposure of citizens to pollutants like NOx or particulate matter in urban areas, land use regression (LUR) models are a well established method. LUR models leverage information about environmental and anthropogenic factors such as cars, heating, or industry to predict air pollution in areas where no measurements have been made. However, existing approaches are often not globally applicable and require tedious hyper-parameter tuning to enable high quality predictions. In this work, we tackle these issues by introducing OpenLUR, an off-the-shelf approach for modeling air pollution that (i) works on a set of novel features solely extracted from the globally and openly available data source OpenStreetMap and (ii) is based on state-of-the-art machine learning featuring automated hyper-parameter tuning in order to minimize manual effort. We show that our proposed features are able to outperform their counterparts from local and closed sources, and illustrate how automated hyper parameter tuning can yield competitve results while alleviating the need for expert knowledge in machine learning and manual effort. Importantly, we further demonstrate the potential of the global availability of our features by applying cross-learning across different cities in order to reduce the need for a large amount of training samples. Overall, OpenLUR represents an off-the-shelf approach that facilitates easily reproducible experiments and the development of globally applicable models.}, author = {Lautenschlager, Florian and Becker, Martin and Kobs, Konstantin and Steininger, Michael and Davidson, Padraig and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, keywords = {air automl bayes eva everyaware land lur myown open optimization quality regression use}, pages = 117535, title = {OpenLUR: Off-the-shelf air pollution modeling with open features and machine learning}, volume = 233, year = 2020 }

VoPo leverages cellular heterogeneity for predictive modeling of single-cell data. Stanley, Natalie; Stelzer, Ina A.; Tsai, Amy S.; Fallahzadeh, Ramin; Ganio, Edward; Becker, Martin; Phongpreecha, Thanaphong; Nassar, Huda; Ghaemi, Sajjad; Maric, Ivana; Culos, Anthony; Chang, Alan L.; Xenochristou, Maria; Han, Xiaoyuan; Espinosa, Camilo; Rumer, Kristen; Peterson, Laura; Verdonk, Franck; Gaudilliere, Dyani; Tsai, Eileen; Feyaerts, Dorien; Einhaus, Jakob; Ando, Kazuo; Wong, Ronald J.; Obermoser, Gerlinde; Shaw, Gary M.; Stevenson, David K.; Angst, Martin S.; Gaudilliere, Brice; Aghaeepour, Nima in Nature Communications (2020). 11(1) 3738--.
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@article{steininger2020maplur, author = {Steininger, Michael and Kobs, Konstantin and Zehe, Albin and Lautenschlager, Florian and Becker, Martin and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems (TSAS)}, keywords = {myown map air quality mapping prediction cnn neural network networks image open street}, number = 3, pages = {1--24}, publisher = {ACM New York, NY, USA}, title = {MapLUR: Exploring a New Paradigm for Estimating Air Pollution Using Deep Learning on Map Images}, volume = 6, year = 2020 }

MapLUR: Exploring a New Paradigm for Estimating Air Pollution Using Deep Learning on Map Images. Steininger, Michael; Kobs, Konstantin; Zehe, Albin; Lautenschlager, Florian; Becker, Martin; Hotho, Andreas in ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems (TSAS) (2020). 6(3) 1–24.
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The dense network of interconnected cellular signaling responses quantifiable in peripheral immune cells provide a wealth of actionable immunological insights. While high-throughput single-cell profiling techniques, including polychromatic flow and mass cytometry, have matured to a point that enables detailed immune profiling of patients in numerous clinical settings, limited cohort size together with the high dimensionality of data increases the possibility of false positive discoveries and model overfitting. We introduce a machine learning platform, the immunological Elastic-Net (iEN), which incorporates immunological knowledge directly into the predictive models. Importantly, the algorithm maintains the exploratory nature of the high-dimensional dataset, allowing for the inclusion of immune features with strong predictive power even if not consistent with prior knowledge. In three independent studies our method demonstrates improved predictive power for clinically-relevant outcomes from mass cytometry data generated from whole blood, as well as a large simulated dataset.
@article{culos2020integration, abstract = {The dense network of interconnected cellular signaling responses quantifiable in peripheral immune cells provide a wealth of actionable immunological insights. While high-throughput single-cell profiling techniques, including polychromatic flow and mass cytometry, have matured to a point that enables detailed immune profiling of patients in numerous clinical settings, limited cohort size together with the high dimensionality of data increases the possibility of false positive discoveries and model overfitting. We introduce a machine learning platform, the immunological Elastic-Net (iEN), which incorporates immunological knowledge directly into the predictive models. Importantly, the algorithm maintains the exploratory nature of the high-dimensional dataset, allowing for the inclusion of immune features with strong predictive power even if not consistent with prior knowledge. In three independent studies our method demonstrates improved predictive power for clinically-relevant outcomes from mass cytometry data generated from whole blood, as well as a large simulated dataset.}, author = {Culos, Anthony and Tsai, Amy S. and Stanley, Natalie and Becker, Martin and Ghaemi, Mohammad S. and Mcilwain, David R. and Fallahzadeh, Ramin and Tanada, Athena and Nassar, Huda and Ganio, Edward and Peterson, Laura and Han, Xiaoyuan and Stelzer, ina and Ando, Kazuo and Gaudilliere, Dyani and Phongpreecha, Thanaphong and Mari{{\'c}}, Ivana and Chang, Alan L. and Shaw, Gary M. and Stevenson, David K. and Bendall, Sean and Davis, Kara L. and Fantl, Wendy and Nolan, Garry P. and Hastie, Trevor and Tibshirani, Robert and Angst, Martin S. and Gaudilliere, Brice and Aghaeepour, Nima}, journal = {bioRxiv}, keywords = {background biology elastic en knowledge linear medicine myown net regression}, publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory}, title = {Integration of Mechanistic Immunological Knowledge into a Machine Learning Pipeline Increases Predictive Power}, year = 2020 }

2018 [ nach oben ]

Understanding Human Navigation using Bayesian Hypothesis Comparison. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), Becker, Martin (2018).
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@inproceedings{lautenschlager2018everyaware, author = {Lautenschlager, Florian and Becker, Martin and Steininger, Michael and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of VGI Geovisual Analytics Workshop, colocated with BDVA 2018}, editor = {Burghardt, Dirk and Chen, Siming and Andrienko, Gennady and Andrienko, Nathalia and Purves, Ross and Diehl, Alexandra}, keywords = {myown}, month = {oct}, publisher = {KOPS}, title = {EveryAware Gears: A Tool to visualize and analyze all types of Citizen Science Data}, year = 2018 }

Air Trails--Urban Air Quality Campaign Exploration Patterns. Becker, Martin; Lautenschlager, Florian; Hotho, Andreas (2018).
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The k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) classification approach is conceptually simple - yet widely applied since it often performs well in practical applications. However, using a global constant k does not always provide an optimal solution, e. g., for datasets with an irregular density distribution of data points. This paper proposes an adaptive kNN classifier where k is chosen dynamically for each instance (point) to be classified, such that the expected accuracy of classification is maximized. We define the expected accuracy as the accuracy of a set of structurally similar observations. An arbitrary similarity function can be used to find these observations. We introduce and evaluate different similarity functions. For the evaluation, we use five different classification tasks based on geo-spatial data. Each classification task consists of (tens of) thousands of items. We demonstrate, that the presented expected accuracy measures can be a good estimator for kNN performance, and the proposed adaptive kNN classifier outperforms common kNN and previously introduced adaptive kNN algorithms. Also, we show that the range of considered k can be significantly reduced to speed up the algorithm without negative influence on classification accuracy.
@inproceedings{kibanov2018adaptive, abstract = {The k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) classification approach is conceptually simple - yet widely applied since it often performs well in practical applications. However, using a global constant k does not always provide an optimal solution, e. g., for datasets with an irregular density distribution of data points. This paper proposes an adaptive kNN classifier where k is chosen dynamically for each instance (point) to be classified, such that the expected accuracy of classification is maximized. We define the expected accuracy as the accuracy of a set of structurally similar observations. An arbitrary similarity function can be used to find these observations. We introduce and evaluate different similarity functions. For the evaluation, we use five different classification tasks based on geo-spatial data. Each classification task consists of (tens of) thousands of items. We demonstrate, that the presented expected accuracy measures can be a good estimator for kNN performance, and the proposed adaptive kNN classifier outperforms common kNN and previously introduced adaptive kNN algorithms. Also, we show that the range of considered k can be significantly reduced to speed up the algorithm without negative influence on classification accuracy.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Kibanov, Mark and Becker, Martin and Mueller, Juergen and Atzmueller, Martin and Hotho, Andreas and Stumme, Gerd}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing}, keywords = {accuracy adaptive eva everyaware expected geo kassel knn myown spatial}, pages = {857--865}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {SAC '18}, title = {Adaptive kNN Using Expected Accuracy for Classification of Geo-spatial Data}, year = 2018 }

Adaptive kNN Using Expected Accuracy for Classification of Geo-spatial Data. Kibanov, Mark; Becker, Martin; Mueller, Juergen; Atzmueller, Martin; Hotho, Andreas; Stumme, Gerd in SAC ’18 (2018). 857–865.
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@inproceedings{becker2018airtrails, author = {Becker, Martin and Lautenschlager, Florian and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of VGI-ALIVE 2018 Workshop, colocated with AGILE 2018}, keywords = {air bayes bayesian comparison eva everyaware hyptrails mixedtrails model myown p2map}, title = {Air Trails--Urban Air Quality Campaign Exploration Patterns}, year = 2018 }

EveryAware Gears: A Tool to visualize and analyze all types of Citizen Science Data. Lautenschlager, Florian; Becker, Martin; Steininger, Michael; Hotho, Andreas D. Burghardt, S. Chen, G. Andrienko, N. Andrienko, R. Purves, A. Diehl (eds.) (2018).
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@article{werdin2018healing, author = {Werdin, Frank and Tenenhaus, Mayer and Becker, Martin and Rennekampff, Hans-Oliver}, journal = {Dermatologic Surgery}, keywords = {healing medicin myown scar statistical test time tissue}, number = 4, pages = {521--527}, publisher = {LWW}, title = {Healing Time Correlates With the Quality of Scaring: Results From a Prospective Randomized Control Donor Site Trial}, volume = 44, year = 2018 }

pysubgroup: Easy-to-Use Subgroup Discovery in Python. Lemmerich, Florian; Becker, Martin in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, U. Brefeld, E. Curry, E. Daly, B. MacNamee, A. Marascu, F. Pinelli, M. Berlingerio, N. Hurley (eds.) (2018). (Vol. 11053) 658–662.
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@inproceedings{schoech2018zeta, author = {Schöch, Christof and Schlör, Daniel and Zehe, Albin and Gebhard, Henning and Becker, Martin and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Digital Humanities}, editor = {Palau, Jonathan Girón and Russell, Isabel Galina}, keywords = {dh digital humanities myown}, pages = {274--277}, title = {Burrows’ Zeta: Exploring and Evaluating Variants and Parameters}, year = 2018 }

Burrows’ Zeta: Exploring and Evaluating Variants and Parameters. Schöch, Christof; Schlör, Daniel; Zehe, Albin; Gebhard, Henning; Becker, Martin; Hotho, Andreas J. G. Palau, I. G. Russell (eds.) (2018). 274–277.
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@inproceedings{zehe2018whitebox, author = {Zehe, Albin and Schlör, Daniel and Henny-Krahmer, Ulrike and Becker, Martin and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Digital Humanities}, editor = {Palau, Jonathan Girón and Russell, Isabel Galina}, keywords = {dh digital humanities myown}, organization = {ADHO}, pages = {519--521}, title = {A White-Box Model for Detecting Author Nationality by Linguistic Differences in Spanish Novels}, year = 2018 }

Healing Time Correlates With the Quality of Scaring: Results From a Prospective Randomized Control Donor Site Trial. Werdin, Frank; Tenenhaus, Mayer; Becker, Martin; Rennekampff, Hans-Oliver in Dermatologic Surgery (2018). 44(4) 521–527.
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@inproceedings{lemmerich2018pysubgroup, author = {Lemmerich, Florian and Becker, Martin}, booktitle = {ECML/PKDD (3)}, crossref = {conf/pkdd/2018-3}, editor = {Brefeld, Ulf and Curry, Edward and Daly, Elizabeth and MacNamee, Brian and Marascu, Alice and Pinelli, Fabio and Berlingerio, Michele and Hurley, Neil}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {658-662}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {pysubgroup: Easy-to-Use Subgroup Discovery in Python.}, volume = 11053, year = 2018 }

A White-Box Model for Detecting Author Nationality by Linguistic Differences in Spanish Novels. Zehe, Albin; Schlör, Daniel; Henny-Krahmer, Ulrike; Becker, Martin; Hotho, Andreas J. G. Palau, I. G. Russell (eds.) (2018). 519–521.
[ BibTeX ]
 
@phdthesis{becker2018understanding, author = {Becker, Martin}, keywords = {bayesian behavior comparison geo hypothesis model myown navigation phd phd:thesis spatial thesis}, school = {University of W{ü}rzburg}, title = {Understanding Human Navigation using Bayesian Hypothesis Comparison}, type = {Doctoral Thesis}, year = 2018 }

2017 [ nach oben ]

Applications for Environmental Sensing in EveryAware. Atzmueller, Martin; Becker, Martin; Molino, Andrea; Mueller, Juergen; Peters, Jan; Sirbu, Alina in Participatory Sensing, Opinions and Collective Awareness, V. Loreto, M. Haklay, A. Hotho, V. D. Servedio, G. Stumme, F. Tria, J. Theunis (eds.) (2017). 135–155.
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@inbook{gravino2017experimental, address = {Cham}, author = {Gravino, Pietro and Sirbu, Alina and Becker, Martin and Servedio, Vito DP and Loreto, Vittorio}, booktitle = {Participatory Sensing, Opinions and Collective Awareness}, keywords = {diss:allmypubs everyaware myown}, pages = {337--362}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Experimental Assessment of the Emergence of Awareness and Its Influence on Behavioral Changes: The Everyaware Lesson}, year = 2017 }

Collective Sensing Platforms. Atzmueller, Martin; Becker, Martin; Mueller, Juergen in Participatory Sensing, Opinions and Collective Awareness, V. Loreto, M. Haklay, A. Hotho, V. D. Servedio, G. Stumme, F. Tria, J. Theunis (eds.) (2017). 115–133.
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@inproceedings{zehe2017towards, author = {Zehe, Albin and Becker, Martin and Jannidis, Fotis and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Joint German/Austrian Conference on Artificial Intelligence (K{ü}nstliche Intelligenz)}, keywords = {myown sentiment analysis german literature}, organization = {Springer}, pages = {387--394}, title = {Towards Sentiment Analysis on German Literature}, year = 2017 }

MixedTrails: Bayesian hypothesis comparison on heterogeneous sequential data. Becker, Martin; Lemmerich, Florian; Singer, Philipp; Strohmaier, Markus; Hotho, Andreas in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (2017). 31(5) 1359–1390.
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@inproceedings{lemmerich2017comparing, author = {Lemmerich, Florian and Singer, Philipp and Becker, Martin and Espin-Noboa, Lisette and Dimitrov, Dimitar and Helic, Denis and Hotho, Andreas and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {Joint European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases}, keywords = {bayes bayesian comparison data ecml hyptrails myown nectar sequential}, organization = {Springer}, pages = {354--357}, title = {Comparing Hypotheses About Sequential Data: A Bayesian Approach and Its Applications}, year = 2017 }

Experimental Assessment of the Emergence of Awareness and Its Influence on Behavioral Changes: The Everyaware Lesson. Gravino, Pietro; Sirbu, Alina; Becker, Martin; Servedio, Vito DP; Loreto, Vittorio in Participatory Sensing, Opinions and Collective Awareness (2017). 337–362.
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@inproceedings{niebler2017metric, author = {Niebler, Thomas and Becker, Martin and Pölitz, Christian and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the ISWC 2017 Posters \& Demonstrations and Industry Tracks co-located with 16th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2017)}, editor = {Nikitina, Nadeschda and Song, Dezhao and Fokoue, Achille and Haase, Peter}, keywords = {bmbf diss:allmypubs erp learning metric myown pv}, title = {Learning Semantic Relatedness from Human Feedback Using Relative Relatedness Learning}, year = 2017 }

Comparing Hypotheses About Sequential Data: A Bayesian Approach and Its Applications. Lemmerich, Florian; Singer, Philipp; Becker, Martin; Espin-Noboa, Lisette; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Helic, Denis; Hotho, Andreas; Strohmaier, Markus (2017). 354–357.
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The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the off-training physical activity (PA) profile in national elite German U23 rowers during 31 days of their preparation period. The hours spent in each PA category (i.e. sedentary: <1.5 MET; light physical activity: 1.5–3 MET; moderate physical activity: 3–6 MET and vigorous intense physical activity: >6 MET) were calculated for every valid day (i.e. > 480 min of wear time). The off-training PA during 21 weekdays and 10 weekend days of the final 11-wk preparation period was assessed by a wrist-worn multisensory device (Microsoft Band II (MSBII)). A total of 11 rowers provided valid data (i.e. > 480 min/day) for 11.6 week days and 4.8 weekend days during the 31 days observation period. The average sedentary time was 11.63±1.25 hours per day during the week and 12.49±1.10 hours per day on the weekend, with a tendency to be higher on the weekend compared to weekdays (p = 0.06; d = 0.73). The average time in light, moderate and vigorous PA during the weekdays was 1.27±1.15, 0.76±0.37, 0.51±0.44 hours per day and 0.67±0.43, 0.59±0.37, 0.53±0.32 hours per weekend day. Light physical activity was higher during weekdays compared to the weekend (p = 0.04; d = 0.69) Based on our pilot study of eleven national elite rowers we conclude that rowers display a considerable sedentary off-training behavior of more than 11.5 hours/day.
@article{sperlich2017sedentary, abstract = {The aim of this pilot study was to analyze the off-training physical activity (PA) profile in national elite German U23 rowers during 31 days of their preparation period. The hours spent in each PA category (i.e. sedentary: <1.5 MET; light physical activity: 1.5–3 MET; moderate physical activity: 3–6 MET and vigorous intense physical activity: >6 MET) were calculated for every valid day (i.e. > 480 min of wear time). The off-training PA during 21 weekdays and 10 weekend days of the final 11-wk preparation period was assessed by a wrist-worn multisensory device (Microsoft Band II (MSBII)). A total of 11 rowers provided valid data (i.e. > 480 min/day) for 11.6 week days and 4.8 weekend days during the 31 days observation period. The average sedentary time was 11.63±1.25 hours per day during the week and 12.49±1.10 hours per day on the weekend, with a tendency to be higher on the weekend compared to weekdays (p = 0.06; d = 0.73). The average time in light, moderate and vigorous PA during the weekdays was 1.27±1.15, 0.76±0.37, 0.51±0.44 hours per day and 0.67±0.43, 0.59±0.37, 0.53±0.32 hours per weekend day. Light physical activity was higher during weekdays compared to the weekend (p = 0.04; d = 0.69) Based on our pilot study of eleven national elite rowers we conclude that rowers display a considerable sedentary off-training behavior of more than 11.5 hours/day.}, author = {Sperlich, Billy and Becker, Martin and Hotho, Andreas and Wallmann-Sperlich, Birgit and Sareban, Mahdi and Winkert, Kay and Steinacker, Jürgen M. and Treff, Gunnar}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, keywords = {2 band behavior billy diss:allmypubs health microsoft msb myown national row rower rowing sendentary sport sports wearable}, pages = 655, title = {Sedentary Behavior among National Elite Rowers during Off-Training—A Pilot Study}, volume = 8, year = 2017 }

Learning Semantic Relatedness from Human Feedback Using Relative Relatedness Learning. Niebler, Thomas; Becker, Martin; Pölitz, Christian; Hotho, Andreas N. Nikitina, D. Song, A. Fokoue, P. Haase (eds.) (2017).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
Polarized (POL) training intensity distribution (TID) emphasizes high-volume low-intensity exercise in zone (Z)1 (< first lactate threshold) with a greater proportion of high-intensity Z3 (> second lactate threshold) compared to Z2 (between first and second lactate threshold). In highly trained rowers there is a lack of prospective controlled evidence whether POL is superior to pyramidal (PYR; i.e. greater volume in Z1 vs. Z2 vs. Z3) TID. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of POL vs. PYR TID in rowers during an 11-wk preparation period. Fourteen national elite male rowers participated (age: 20 ± 2 years, maximal oxygen uptake (⩒O2max): 66±5 mL/min/kg). The sample was split into PYR and POL by varying the percentage spent in Z2 and Z3 while Z1 was clamped to ~93% and matched for total and rowing volume. Actual TIDs were based on time within heart rate zones (Z1 and Z2) and duration of Z3-intervals. The main outcome variables were average power in 2000 m ergometer-test (P2000m), power associated with 4 mmol/L [blood lactate] (P4[BLa]), and ⩒O2max. To quantify the level of polarization, we calculated a Polarization-Index as log (\%Z1 x \%Z3/\%Z2). PYR and POL did not significantly differ regarding rowing or total volume, but POL had a higher percentage of Z3 intensities (6±3\% vs. 2±1\%; p < .005) while Z2 was lower (1±1\% vs. 3±2\%; p < .05) and Z1 was similar (94±3\% vs. 93±2\%, p = .37). Consequently, Polarization-Index was significantly higher in POL (3.0±0.7 a.u. vs. 1.9±0.4 a.u.; p < .01) P2000m did not significantly change with PYR (1.5±1.7\%, p = .06) nor POL (1.5±2.6\%, p = .26). ⩒O2max did not change (1.7±5.6\%, p = .52 or 0.6±2.6, p = .67) and a small increase in P4[BLa] was observed in PYR only (1.9±4.8\%, p = .37 or -0.5±4.1\%, p = .77). Changes from pre to post were not significantly different between groups in any performance measure. POL did not prove to be superior to PYR, possibly due to the high and very similar percentage of Z1 in this study.
@article{treff2017elevenweek, abstract = {Polarized (POL) training intensity distribution (TID) emphasizes high-volume low-intensity exercise in zone (Z)1 (< first lactate threshold) with a greater proportion of high-intensity Z3 (> second lactate threshold) compared to Z2 (between first and second lactate threshold). In highly trained rowers there is a lack of prospective controlled evidence whether POL is superior to pyramidal (PYR; i.e. greater volume in Z1 vs. Z2 vs. Z3) TID. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of POL vs. PYR TID in rowers during an 11-wk preparation period. Fourteen national elite male rowers participated (age: 20 ± 2 years, maximal oxygen uptake (⩒O2max): 66±5 mL/min/kg). The sample was split into PYR and POL by varying the percentage spent in Z2 and Z3 while Z1 was clamped to ~93\% and matched for total and rowing volume. Actual TIDs were based on time within heart rate zones (Z1 and Z2) and duration of Z3-intervals. The main outcome variables were average power in 2000 m ergometer-test (P2000m), power associated with 4 mmol/L [blood lactate] (P4[BLa]), and ⩒O2max. To quantify the level of polarization, we calculated a Polarization-Index as log (\%Z1 x \%Z3/\%Z2). PYR and POL did not significantly differ regarding rowing or total volume, but POL had a higher percentage of Z3 intensities (6±3\% vs. 2±1\%; p < .005) while Z2 was lower (1±1\% vs. 3±2\%; p < .05) and Z1 was similar (94±3\% vs. 93±2\%, p = .37). Consequently, Polarization-Index was significantly higher in POL (3.0±0.7 a.u. vs. 1.9±0.4 a.u.; p < .01) P2000m did not significantly change with PYR (1.5±1.7\%, p = .06) nor POL (1.5±2.6\%, p = .26). ⩒O2max did not change (1.7±5.6\%, p = .52 or 0.6±2.6, p = .67) and a small increase in P4[BLa] was observed in PYR only (1.9±4.8\%, p = .37 or -0.5±4.1\%, p = .77). Changes from pre to post were not significantly different between groups in any performance measure. POL did not prove to be superior to PYR, possibly due to the high and very similar percentage of Z1 in this study.}, author = {Treff, Gunnar and Winkert, Kay and Sareban, Mahdi and Steinacker, Jürgen M. and Becker, Martin and Sperlich, Billy}, journal = {Frontiers in Physiology}, keywords = {billy diss:allmypubs gunnar health heart hr myown rate row rower rowers rowing sports}, pages = 515, title = {Eleven-Week Preparation Involving Polarized Intensity Distribution Is Not Superior to Pyramidal Distribution in National Elite Rowers}, volume = 8, year = 2017 }

Sedentary Behavior among National Elite Rowers during Off-Training—A Pilot Study. Sperlich, Billy; Becker, Martin; Hotho, Andreas; Wallmann-Sperlich, Birgit; Sareban, Mahdi; Winkert, Kay; Steinacker, Jürgen M.; Treff, Gunnar in Frontiers in Physiology (2017). 8 655.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
Sequential traces of user data are frequently observed online and offline, e.g., as sequences of visited websites or as sequences of locations captured by GPS. However, understanding factors explaining the production of sequence data is a challenging task, especially since the data generation is often not homogeneous. For example, navigation behavior might change in different phases of browsing a website or movement behavior may vary between groups of users. In this work, we tackle this task and propose MixedTrails , a Bayesian approach for comparing the plausibility of hypotheses regarding the generative processes of heterogeneous sequence data. Each hypothesis is derived from existing literature, theory, or intuition and represents a belief about transition probabilities between a set of states that can vary between groups of observed transitions. For example, when trying to understand human movement in a city and given some data, a hypothesis assuming tourists to be more likely to move towards points of interests than locals can be shown to be more plausible than a hypothesis assuming the opposite. Our approach incorporates such hypotheses as Bayesian priors in a generative mixed transition Markov chain model, and compares their plausibility utilizing Bayes factors. We discuss analytical and approximate inference methods for calculating the marginal likelihoods for Bayes factors, give guidance on interpreting the results, and illustrate our approach with several experiments on synthetic and empirical data from Wikipedia and Flickr. Thus, this work enables a novel kind of analysis for studying sequential data in many application areas.
@article{becker2017mixedtrails, abstract = {Sequential traces of user data are frequently observed online and offline, e.g., as sequences of visited websites or as sequences of locations captured by GPS. However, understanding factors explaining the production of sequence data is a challenging task, especially since the data generation is often not homogeneous. For example, navigation behavior might change in different phases of browsing a website or movement behavior may vary between groups of users. In this work, we tackle this task and propose MixedTrails , a Bayesian approach for comparing the plausibility of hypotheses regarding the generative processes of heterogeneous sequence data. Each hypothesis is derived from existing literature, theory, or intuition and represents a belief about transition probabilities between a set of states that can vary between groups of observed transitions. For example, when trying to understand human movement in a city and given some data, a hypothesis assuming tourists to be more likely to move towards points of interests than locals can be shown to be more plausible than a hypothesis assuming the opposite. Our approach incorporates such hypotheses as Bayesian priors in a generative mixed transition Markov chain model, and compares their plausibility utilizing Bayes factors. We discuss analytical and approximate inference methods for calculating the marginal likelihoods for Bayes factors, give guidance on interpreting the results, and illustrate our approach with several experiments on synthetic and empirical data from Wikipedia and Flickr. Thus, this work enables a novel kind of analysis for studying sequential data in many application areas.}, author = {Becker, Martin and Lemmerich, Florian and Singer, Philipp and Strohmaier, Markus and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery}, keywords = {bayesian behavior comparison cv data diss diss:allmypubs heterogeneous human inthesis mixedtrails model myown navigation navigational selected sequence}, month = {sep}, number = 5, pages = {1359--1390}, title = {MixedTrails: Bayesian hypothesis comparison on heterogeneous sequential data}, volume = 31, year = 2017 }

Eleven-Week Preparation Involving Polarized Intensity Distribution Is Not Superior to Pyramidal Distribution in National Elite Rowers. Treff, Gunnar; Winkert, Kay; Sareban, Mahdi; Steinacker, Jürgen M.; Becker, Martin; Sperlich, Billy in Frontiers in Physiology (2017). 8 515.
[ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
@inbook{atzmueller2017applications, address = {Cham}, author = {Atzmueller, Martin and Becker, Martin and Molino, Andrea and Mueller, Juergen and Peters, Jan and Sirbu, Alina}, booktitle = {Participatory Sensing, Opinions and Collective Awareness}, editor = {Loreto, Vittorio and Haklay, Muki and Hotho, Andreas and Servedio, Vito D.P. and Stumme, Gerd and Tria, Francesca and Theunis, Jan}, keywords = {behavior book chapter diss:allmypubs drift environment everyaware myown opinion participatory sensing}, pages = {135--155}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Applications for Environmental Sensing in EveryAware}, year = 2017 }

Towards Sentiment Analysis on German Literature. Zehe, Albin; Becker, Martin; Jannidis, Fotis; Hotho, Andreas (2017). 387–394.
[ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
@inbook{atzmueller2017collective, address = {Cham}, author = {Atzmueller, Martin and Becker, Martin and Mueller, Juergen}, booktitle = {Participatory Sensing, Opinions and Collective Awareness}, editor = {Loreto, Vittorio and Haklay, Muki and Hotho, Andreas and Servedio, Vito D.P. and Stumme, Gerd and Tria, Francesca and Theunis, Jan}, keywords = {diss diss:allmypubs eva everyaware inthesis iot myown platforms}, pages = {115--133}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Collective Sensing Platforms}, year = 2017 }

2016 [ nach oben ]

SparkTrails: A MapReduce Implementation of HypTrails for Comparing Hypotheses About Human Trails. Becker, Martin; Mewes, Hauke; Hotho, Andreas; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Lemmerich, Florian; Strohmaier, Markus in WWW ’16 Companion (2016). 17–18.
[ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
@article{niebler2016extracting, author = {Niebler, Thomas and Schlör, Daniel and Becker, Martin and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {KI - Künstliche Intelligenz}, keywords = {diss diss:allmypubs inthesis myown semantics wikipedia}, month = {jun}, number = 2, pages = {163--168}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, title = {Extracting Semantics from unconstrained navigation on wikipedia}, volume = 30, year = 2016 }

Mining Subgroups with Exceptional Transition Behavior. Lemmerich, Florian; Becker, Martin; Singer, Philipp; Helic, Denis; Hotho, Andreas; Strohmaier, Markus in KDD ’16 (2016). 965–974.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
Social tagging systems have established themselves as a quick and easy way to organize information by annotating resources with tags. In recent work, user behavior in social tagging systems was studied, that is, how users assign tags, and consume content. However, it is still unclear how users make use of the navigation options they are given. Understanding their behavior and differences in behavior of different user groups is an important step towards assessing the effectiveness of a navigational concept and of improving it to better suit the users' needs. In this work, we investigate navigation trails in the popular scholarly social tagging system BibSonomy from six years of log data. We discuss dynamic browsing behavior of the general user population and show that different navigational subgroups exhibit different navigational traits. Furthermore, we provide strong evidence that the semantic nature of the underlying folksonomy is an essential factor for explaining navigation.
@inproceedings{niebler2016folktrails, abstract = {Social tagging systems have established themselves as a quick and easy way to organize information by annotating resources with tags. In recent work, user behavior in social tagging systems was studied, that is, how users assign tags, and consume content. However, it is still unclear how users make use of the navigation options they are given. Understanding their behavior and differences in behavior of different user groups is an important step towards assessing the effectiveness of a navigational concept and of improving it to better suit the users' needs. In this work, we investigate navigation trails in the popular scholarly social tagging system BibSonomy from six years of log data. We discuss dynamic browsing behavior of the general user population and show that different navigational subgroups exhibit different navigational traits. Furthermore, we provide strong evidence that the semantic nature of the underlying folksonomy is an essential factor for explaining navigation.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Niebler, Thomas and Becker, Martin and Zoller, Daniel and Doerfel, Stephan and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {International on Conference on Information and Knowledge Management}, keywords = {analysis bayes bibsonomy bmbf cv diss diss:allmypubs erp folktrails hypothesis hyptrails inthesis myown navigation selected}, pages = {2311--2316}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {CIKM '16}, title = {FolkTrails: Interpreting navigation behavior in a social tagging system}, year = 2016 }

FolkTrails: Interpreting navigation behavior in a social tagging system. Niebler, Thomas; Becker, Martin; Zoller, Daniel; Doerfel, Stephan; Hotho, Andreas in CIKM ’16 (2016). 2311–2316.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
Identifying plot structure in novels is a valuable step towards automatic processing of literary corpora. We present an approach to classify novels as either having a happy ending or not. To achieve this, we use features based on different sentiment lexica as input for an SVM- classifier, which yields an average F1-score of about 73%.
@inproceedings{zehe2016prediction, abstract = {Identifying plot structure in novels is a valuable step towards automatic processing of literary corpora. We present an approach to classify novels as either having a happy ending or not. To achieve this, we use features based on different sentiment lexica as input for an SVM- classifier, which yields an average F1-score of about 73\%.}, author = {Zehe, Albin and Becker, Martin and Hettinger, Lena and Hotho, Andreas and Reger, Isabella and Jannidis, Fotis}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Interactions between Data Mining and Natural Language Processing 2016}, editor = {Cellier, Peggy and Charnois, Thierry and Hotho, Andreas and Matwin, Stan and Moens, Marie-Francine and Toussaint, Yannick}, keywords = {analysis classification diss:allmypubs ending happy kallimachos literature myown sentiment}, month = {jul}, pages = {9-16}, title = {Prediction of Happy Endings in German Novels}, year = 2016 }

Extracting Semantics from unconstrained navigation on wikipedia. Niebler, Thomas; Schlör, Daniel; Becker, Martin; Hotho, Andreas in KI - Künstliche Intelligenz (2016). 30(2) 163–168.
[ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
@inproceedings{becker2016sparktrails, address = {Republic and Canton of Geneva, Switzerland}, author = {Becker, Martin and Mewes, Hauke and Hotho, Andreas and Dimitrov, Dimitar and Lemmerich, Florian and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {International Conference Companion on World Wide Web}, keywords = {apache bayes bayesian behavior chain computing diss diss:allmypubs distributed factor human hypotheses inthesis mapreduce markov myown paths sequences sequential spark statistics trails web}, pages = {17--18}, publisher = {International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee}, series = {WWW '16 Companion}, title = {SparkTrails: A MapReduce Implementation of HypTrails for Comparing Hypotheses About Human Trails}, year = 2016 }

Prediction of Happy Endings in German Novels. Zehe, Albin; Becker, Martin; Hettinger, Lena; Hotho, Andreas; Reger, Isabella; Jannidis, Fotis P. Cellier, T. Charnois, A. Hotho, S. Matwin, M.-F. Moens, Y. Toussaint (eds.) (2016). 9–16.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
We present a new method for detecting interpretable subgroups with exceptional transition behavior in sequential data. Identifying such patterns has many potential applications, e.g., for studying human mobility or analyzing the behavior of internet users. To tackle this task, we employ exceptional model mining, which is a general approach for identifying interpretable data subsets that exhibit unusual interactions between a set of target attributes with respect to a certain model class. Although exceptional model mining provides a well-suited framework for our problem, previously investigated model classes cannot capture transition behavior. To that end, we introduce first-order Markov chains as a novel model class for exceptional model mining and present a new interestingness measure that quantifies the exceptionality of transition subgroups. The measure compares the distance between the Markov transition matrix of a subgroup and the respective matrix of the entire data with the distance of random dataset samples. In addition, our method can be adapted to find subgroups that match or contradict given transition hypotheses. We demonstrate that our method is consistently able to recover subgroups with exceptional transition models from synthetic data and illustrate its potential in two application examples. Our work is relevant for researchers and practitioners interested in detecting exceptional transition behavior in sequential data.
@inproceedings{lemmerich2016mining, abstract = {We present a new method for detecting interpretable subgroups with exceptional transition behavior in sequential data. Identifying such patterns has many potential applications, e.g., for studying human mobility or analyzing the behavior of internet users. To tackle this task, we employ exceptional model mining, which is a general approach for identifying interpretable data subsets that exhibit unusual interactions between a set of target attributes with respect to a certain model class. Although exceptional model mining provides a well-suited framework for our problem, previously investigated model classes cannot capture transition behavior. To that end, we introduce first-order Markov chains as a novel model class for exceptional model mining and present a new interestingness measure that quantifies the exceptionality of transition subgroups. The measure compares the distance between the Markov transition matrix of a subgroup and the respective matrix of the entire data with the distance of random dataset samples. In addition, our method can be adapted to find subgroups that match or contradict given transition hypotheses. We demonstrate that our method is consistently able to recover subgroups with exceptional transition models from synthetic data and illustrate its potential in two application examples. Our work is relevant for researchers and practitioners interested in detecting exceptional transition behavior in sequential data.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Lemmerich, Florian and Becker, Martin and Singer, Philipp and Helic, Denis and Hotho, Andreas and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22Nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining}, keywords = {bayes behavior chain cv discovery diss diss:allmypubs emm exceptional factor human hyptrails inthesis markov mining model myown navigation selected subgroup subgroups transition}, pages = {965--974}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {KDD '16}, title = {Mining Subgroups with Exceptional Transition Behavior}, year = 2016 }

2015 [ nach oben ]

Exploratory Subgroup Analytics on Ubiquitous Data. Atzmueller, Martin; Mueller, Juergen; Becker, Martin in Mining, Modeling and Recommending ’Things’ in Social Media, M. Atzmueller, A. Chin, C. Scholz, C. Trattner (eds.) (2015). 1–20.
[ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
@inproceedings{becker2015photowalking, address = {Cham}, author = {Becker, Martin and Singer, Philipp and Lemmerich, Florian and Hotho, Andreas and Helic, Denis and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {International Conference on Social Informatics}, editor = {Liu, Tie-Yan and Scollon, Christie Napa and Zhu, Wenwu}, keywords = {bayes bf chain diss diss:allmypubs factor flickr hyptrails inthesis markov model myown photowalking}, pages = {227--244}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Photowalking the City: Comparing Hypotheses About Urban Photo Trails on Flickr}, year = 2015 }

Exploratory Subgroup Analytics on Ubiquitous Data. Atzmueller, Martin; Mueller, Juergen; Becker, Martin M. Atzmueller, A. Chin, C. Scholz, C. Trattner (eds.) (2015). 1–20.
[ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
@inproceedings{becker2015viztrails, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Becker, Martin and Singer, Philipp and Lemmerich, Florian and Hotho, Andreas and Helic, Denis and Strohmaier, Markus}, booktitle = {Conference on Hypertext \& Social Media}, keywords = {diss diss:allmypubs eva21 hyptrails inthesis movement myown own patterns trails visualization}, pages = {319--320}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {HT '15}, title = {VizTrails: An Information Visualization Tool for Exploring Geographic Movement Trajectories}, year = 2015 }

MicroTrails: Comparing Hypotheses About Task Selection on a Crowdsourcing Platform. Becker, Martin; Borchert, Kathrin; Hirth, Matthias; Mewes, Hauke; Hotho, Andreas; Tran-Gia, Phuoc (2015). 10:1–.
[ BibTeX ] [ Download ]
 
@inbook{atzmueller2015exploratory, address = {Cham}, author = {Atzmueller, Martin and Mueller, Juergen and Becker, Martin}, booktitle = {Mining, Modeling and Recommending 'Things' in Social Media}, editor = {Atzmueller, Martin and Chin, Alvin and Scholz, Christoph and Trattner, Christoph}, keywords = {analytics diss:allmypubs eva21 mining myown proposal subgroup ubiquitious}, pages = {1--20}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Exploratory Subgroup Analytics on Ubiquitous Data}, year = 2015 }

Photowalking the City: Comparing Hypotheses About Urban Photo Trails on Flickr. Becker, Martin; Singer, Philipp; Lemmerich, Florian; Hotho, Andreas; Helic, Denis; Strohmaier, Markus T.-Y. Liu, C. N. Scollon, W. Zhu (eds.) (2015). 227–244.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
The issue of sustainability is at the top of the political and societal agenda, being considered of extreme importance and urgency. Human individual action impacts the environment both locally (e.g., local air/water quality, noise disturbance) and globally (e.g., climate change, resource use). Urban environments represent a crucial example, with an increasing realization that the most effective way of producing a change is involving the citizens themselves in monitoring campaigns (a citizen science bottom-up approach). This is possible by developing novel technologies and IT infrastructures enabling large citizen participation. Here, in the wider framework of one of the first such projects, we show results from an international competition where citizens were involved in mobile air pollution monitoring using low cost sensing devices, combined with a web-based game to monitor perceived levels of pollution. Measures of shift in perceptions over the course of the campaign are provided, together with insights into participatory patterns emerging from this study. Interesting effects related to inertia and to direct involvement in measurement activities rather than indirect information exposure are also highlighted, indicating that direct involvement can enhance learning and environmental awareness. In the future, this could result in better adoption of policies towards decreasing pollution.
@article{sirbu2015participatory, abstract = {The issue of sustainability is at the top of the political and societal agenda, being considered of extreme importance and urgency. Human individual action impacts the environment both locally (e.g., local air/water quality, noise disturbance) and globally (e.g., climate change, resource use). Urban environments represent a crucial example, with an increasing realization that the most effective way of producing a change is involving the citizens themselves in monitoring campaigns (a citizen science bottom-up approach). This is possible by developing novel technologies and IT infrastructures enabling large citizen participation. Here, in the wider framework of one of the first such projects, we show results from an international competition where citizens were involved in mobile air pollution monitoring using low cost sensing devices, combined with a web-based game to monitor perceived levels of pollution. Measures of shift in perceptions over the course of the campaign are provided, together with insights into participatory patterns emerging from this study. Interesting effects related to inertia and to direct involvement in measurement activities rather than indirect information exposure are also highlighted, indicating that direct involvement can enhance learning and environmental awareness. In the future, this could result in better adoption of policies towards decreasing pollution.}, author = {Sirbu, Alina and Becker, Martin and Caminiti, Saverio and De Baets, Bernard and Elen, Bart and Francis, Louise and Gravino, Pietro and Hotho, Andreas and Ingarra, Stefano and Loreto, Vittorio and Molino, Andrea and Mueller, Juergen and Peters, Jan and Ricchiuti, Ferdinando and Saracino, Fabio and Servedio, Vito D. P. and Stumme, Gerd and Theunis, Jan and Tria, Francesca and Van den Bossche, Joris}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, keywords = {air airprobe behaviour behavioural change cv diss diss:allmypubs eva21 inthesis myown own pollution quality selected}, month = {08}, number = 8, pages = {e0136763}, publisher = {Public Library of Science}, title = {Participatory patterns in an international air quality monitoring initiative}, volume = 10, year = 2015 }

VizTrails: An Information Visualization Tool for Exploring Geographic Movement Trajectories. Becker, Martin; Singer, Philipp; Lemmerich, Florian; Hotho, Andreas; Helic, Denis; Strohmaier, Markus in HT ’15 (2015). 319–320.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
A distance measure between objects is a key requirement for many data mining tasks like clustering, classification or outlier detection. However, for objects characterized by categorical attributes, defining meaningful distance measures is a challenging task since the values within such attributes have no inherent order, especially without additional domain knowledge. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised distance measure for objects with categorical attributes based on the idea that categorical attribute values are similar if they appear with similar value distributions on correlated context attributes. Thus, the distance measure is automatically derived from the given data set. We compare our new distance measure to existing categorical distance measures and evaluate on different data sets from the UCI machine-learning repository. The experiments show that our distance measure is recommendable, since it achieves similar or better results in a more robust way than previous approaches.
@inproceedings{ring2015condist, abstract = {A distance measure between objects is a key requirement for many data mining tasks like clustering, classification or outlier detection. However, for objects characterized by categorical attributes, defining meaningful distance measures is a challenging task since the values within such attributes have no inherent order, especially without additional domain knowledge. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised distance measure for objects with categorical attributes based on the idea that categorical attribute values are similar if they appear with similar value distributions on correlated context attributes. Thus, the distance measure is automatically derived from the given data set. We compare our new distance measure to existing categorical distance measures and evaluate on different data sets from the UCI machine-learning repository. The experiments show that our distance measure is recommendable, since it achieves similar or better results in a more robust way than previous approaches.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Ring, Markus and Otto, Florian and Becker, Martin and Niebler, Thomas and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (ECML PKDD)}, editor = {Appice, Annalisa and Rodrigues, Pedro Pereira and Costa, Vitor Santos and Soares, Carlos and Gama, Joao and Jorge, Alipio}, keywords = {categorical diss:allmypubs distance measure myown}, pages = {251--266}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {ConDist: A Context-Driven Categorical Distance Measure}, year = 2015 }

Genre Classification on German Novels. Hettinger, Lena; Becker, Martin; Reger, Isabella; Jannidis, Fotis; Hotho, Andreas (2015). 249–253.
[ BibTeX ] [ Download ]
 
@inproceedings{schwemmlein2015genre, author = {Hettinger, Lena and Becker, Martin and Reger, Isabella and Jannidis, Fotis and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {26th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA)}, keywords = {classification diss:allmypubs genre german myown novel}, month = {sept}, pages = {249--253}, title = {Genre Classification on German Novels}, year = 2015 }

ConDist: A Context-Driven Categorical Distance Measure. Ring, Markus; Otto, Florian; Becker, Martin; Niebler, Thomas; Landes, Dieter; Hotho, Andreas A. Appice, P. P. Rodrigues, V. S. Costa, C. Soares, J. Gama, A. Jorge (eds.) (2015). 251–266.
[ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
@inproceedings{becker2015microtrails, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Becker, Martin and Borchert, Kathrin and Hirth, Matthias and Mewes, Hauke and Hotho, Andreas and Tran-Gia, Phuoc}, booktitle = {International Conference on Knowledge Technologies and Data-driven Business}, keywords = {crowdsourcing diss diss:allmypubs eva21 hyptrails incentives inthesis microtrails myown navigation own}, month = {oct}, pages = {10:1--10:8}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {MicroTrails: Comparing Hypotheses About Task Selection on a Crowdsourcing Platform}, year = 2015 }

Participatory patterns in an international air quality monitoring initiative. Sirbu, Alina; Becker, Martin; Caminiti, Saverio; De Baets, Bernard; Elen, Bart; Francis, Louise; Gravino, Pietro; Hotho, Andreas; Ingarra, Stefano; Loreto, Vittorio; Molino, Andrea; Mueller, Juergen; Peters, Jan; Ricchiuti, Ferdinando; Saracino, Fabio; Servedio, Vito D. P.; Stumme, Gerd; Theunis, Jan; Tria, Francesca; Van den Bossche, Joris in PLoS ONE (2015). 10(8) e0136763.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ Download ]
 
This paper presents exploratory subgroup analytics on ubiquitous data: We propose subgroup discovery and assessment approaches for obtaining interesting descriptive patterns and provide a novel graph-based analysis approach for assessing the relations between the obtained subgroup set. This exploratory visualization approaches allows for the comparison of subgroups according to their relations to other subgroups and to include further parameters, e.g., geo-spatial distribution indicators. We present and discuss analysis results utilizing real-world data given by geo-tagged noise measurements with associated subjective perceptions and a set of tags describing the semantic context.
@inproceedings{atzmueller2015exploratory, abstract = {This paper presents exploratory subgroup analytics on ubiquitous data: We propose subgroup discovery and assessment approaches for obtaining interesting descriptive patterns and provide a novel graph-based analysis approach for assessing the relations between the obtained subgroup set. This exploratory visualization approaches allows for the comparison of subgroups according to their relations to other subgroups and to include further parameters, e.g., geo-spatial distribution indicators. We present and discuss analysis results utilizing real-world data given by geo-tagged noise measurements with associated subjective perceptions and a set of tags describing the semantic context.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Atzmueller, Martin and Mueller, Juergen and Becker, Martin}, booktitle = {Mining, Modeling, and Recommending 'Things' in Social Media}, editor = {Atzmueller, Martin and Chin, Alvin and Scholz, Christoph and Trattner, Christoph}, keywords = {data myown subgroup ubiquitous}, pages = {1--20}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Exploratory Subgroup Analytics on Ubiquitous Data}, year = 2015 }

2014 [ nach oben ]

Ubicon and its applications for ubiquitous social computing. Atzmueller, Martin; Becker, Martin; Kibanov, Mark; Scholz, Christoph; Doerfel, Stephan; Hotho, Andreas; Macek, Bjoern-Elmar; Mitzlaff, Folke; Mueller, Juergen; Stumme, Gerd in New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia (2014). 20(1) 53–77.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
Sensor data is objective. But when measuring our environment, measured values are contrasted with our perception, which is always subjective. This makes interpreting sensor measurements difficult for a single person in her personal environment. In this context, the EveryAware projects directly connects the concepts of objective sensor data with subjective impressions and perceptions by providing a collective sensing platform with several client applications allowing to explicitly associate those two data types. The goal is to provide the user with personalized feedback, a characterization of the global as well as her personal environment, and enable her to position her perceptions in this global context. In this poster we summarize the collected data of two EveryAware applications, namely WideNoise for noise measurements and AirProbe for participatory air quality sensing. Basic insights are presented including user activity, learning processes and sensor data to perception correlations. These results provide an outlook on how this data can further be used to understand the connection between sensor data and perceptions.
@misc{becker2014subjective, abstract = {Sensor data is objective. But when measuring our environment, measured values are contrasted with our perception, which is always subjective. This makes interpreting sensor measurements difficult for a single person in her personal environment. In this context, the EveryAware projects directly connects the concepts of objective sensor data with subjective impressions and perceptions by providing a collective sensing platform with several client applications allowing to explicitly associate those two data types. The goal is to provide the user with personalized feedback, a characterization of the global as well as her personal environment, and enable her to position her perceptions in this global context. In this poster we summarize the collected data of two EveryAware applications, namely WideNoise for noise measurements and AirProbe for participatory air quality sensing. Basic insights are presented including user activity, learning processes and sensor data to perception correlations. These results provide an outlook on how this data can further be used to understand the connection between sensor data and perceptions.}, author = {Becker, Martin and Hotho, Andreas and Mueller, Juergen and Kibanov, Mark and Atzmueller, Martin and Stumme, Gerd}, howpublished = {CSSWS 2014, Poster}, keywords = {sys:relevantfor:l3s sys:relevantfor:uniwue_info6 everyaware myown}, title = {Subjective vs. Objective Data: Bridging the Gap}, year = 2014 }

Subjective vs. Objective Data: Bridging the Gap. Becker, Martin; Hotho, Andreas; Mueller, Juergen; Kibanov, Mark; Atzmueller, Martin; Stumme, Gerd (2014).
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
The combination of ubiquitous and social computing is an emerging research area which integrates different but complementary methods, techniques and tools. In this paper, we focus on the Ubicon platform, its applications, and a large spectrum of analysis results. Ubicon provides an extensible framework for building and hosting applications targeting both ubiquitous and social environments. We summarize the architecture and exemplify its implementation using four real-world applications built on top of Ubicon. In addition, we discuss several scientific experiments in the context of these applications in order to give a better picture of the potential of the framework, and discuss analysis results using several real-world data sets collected utilizing Ubicon.
@article{atzmueller2014ubicon, abstract = {The combination of ubiquitous and social computing is an emerging research area which integrates different but complementary methods, techniques and tools. In this paper, we focus on the Ubicon platform, its applications, and a large spectrum of analysis results. Ubicon provides an extensible framework for building and hosting applications targeting both ubiquitous and social environments. We summarize the architecture and exemplify its implementation using four real-world applications built on top of Ubicon. In addition, we discuss several scientific experiments in the context of these applications in order to give a better picture of the potential of the framework, and discuss analysis results using several real-world data sets collected utilizing Ubicon.}, author = {Atzmueller, Martin and Becker, Martin and Kibanov, Mark and Scholz, Christoph and Doerfel, Stephan and Hotho, Andreas and Macek, Bjoern-Elmar and Mitzlaff, Folke and Mueller, Juergen and Stumme, Gerd}, journal = {New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia}, keywords = {sys:relevantfor:dmir sys:relevantfor:l3s sys:relevantfor:uniwue_info6 computing diss diss:allmypubs eva21 everyaware inthesis myown own social ubicon ubiquitous}, number = 1, pages = {53--77}, title = {Ubicon and its applications for ubiquitous social computing}, volume = 20, year = 2014 }

2013 [ nach oben ]

Awareness and learning in participatory noise sensing. Becker, Martin; Caminiti, Saverio; Fiorella, Donato; Francis, Louise; Gravino, Pietro; Haklay, Mordechai (Muki); Hotho, Andreas; Loreto, Vittorio; Mueller, Juergen; Ricchiuti, Ferdinando; Servedio, Vito D. P.; Sirbu, Alina; Tria, Francesca in PLOS ONE (2013). 8(12) e81638.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
An increasing number of platforms like Xively or ThingSpeak are available to manage ubiquitous sensor data enabling the Internet of Things. Strict data formats allow interoperability and informative visualizations, supporting the development of custom user applications. Yet, these strict data formats as well as the common feed-centric approach limit the flexibility of these platforms. We aim at providing a concept that supports data ranging from text-based formats like JSON to images and video footage. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of extensions, which allows to enrich existing data points with additional information, thus, taking a data point centric approach. This enables us to gain semantic and user specific context by attaching subjective data to objective values. This paper provides an overview of our architecture including concept, implementation details and present applications. We distinguish our approach from several other systems and describe two sensing applications namely AirProbe and WideNoise that were implemented for our platform.
@inproceedings{becker2013generic, abstract = {An increasing number of platforms like Xively or ThingSpeak are available to manage ubiquitous sensor data enabling the Internet of Things. Strict data formats allow interoperability and informative visualizations, supporting the development of custom user applications. Yet, these strict data formats as well as the common feed-centric approach limit the flexibility of these platforms. We aim at providing a concept that supports data ranging from text-based formats like JSON to images and video footage. Furthermore, we introduce the concept of extensions, which allows to enrich existing data points with additional information, thus, taking a data point centric approach. This enables us to gain semantic and user specific context by attaching subjective data to objective values. This paper provides an overview of our architecture including concept, implementation details and present applications. We distinguish our approach from several other systems and describe two sensing applications namely AirProbe and WideNoise that were implemented for our platform.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Becker, Martin and Mueller, Juergen and Hotho, Andreas and Stumme, Gerd}, booktitle = {Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing Adjunct Publication}, keywords = {citedby:scholar:count:17 citedby:scholar:timestamp:2017-12-15 diss diss:allmypubs eva everyaware inthesis myown platform}, pages = {1175--1182}, series = {UbiComp '13 Adjunct}, title = {A Generic Platform for Ubiquitous and Subjective Data}, year = 2013 }

A Generic Platform for Ubiquitous and Subjective Data. Becker, Martin; Mueller, Juergen; Hotho, Andreas; Stumme, Gerd in UbiComp ’13 Adjunct (2013). 1175–1182.
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The development of ICT infrastructures has facilitated the emergence of new paradigms for looking at society and the environment over the last few years. Participatory environmental sensing, i.e. directly involving citizens in environmental monitoring, is one example, which is hoped to encourage learning and enhance awareness of environmental issues. In this paper, an analysis of the behaviour of individuals involved in noise sensing is presented. Citizens have been involved in noise measuring activities through the WideNoise smartphone application. This application has been designed to record both objective (noise samples) and subjective (opinions, feelings) data. The application has been open to be used freely by anyone and has been widely employed worldwide. In addition, several test cases have been organised in European countries. Based on the information submitted by users, an analysis of emerging awareness and learning is performed. The data show that changes in the way the environment is perceived after repeated usage of the application do appear. Specifically, users learn how to recognise different noise levels they are exposed to. Additionally, the subjective data collected indicate an increased user involvement in time and a categorisation effect between pleasant and less pleasant environments.
@article{becker2013awareness, abstract = {The development of ICT infrastructures has facilitated the emergence of new paradigms for looking at society and the environment over the last few years. Participatory environmental sensing, i.e. directly involving citizens in environmental monitoring, is one example, which is hoped to encourage learning and enhance awareness of environmental issues. In this paper, an analysis of the behaviour of individuals involved in noise sensing is presented. Citizens have been involved in noise measuring activities through the WideNoise smartphone application. This application has been designed to record both objective (noise samples) and subjective (opinions, feelings) data. The application has been open to be used freely by anyone and has been widely employed worldwide. In addition, several test cases have been organised in European countries. Based on the information submitted by users, an analysis of emerging awareness and learning is performed. The data show that changes in the way the environment is perceived after repeated usage of the application do appear. Specifically, users learn how to recognise different noise levels they are exposed to. Additionally, the subjective data collected indicate an increased user involvement in time and a categorisation effect between pleasant and less pleasant environments.}, author = {Becker, Martin and Caminiti, Saverio and Fiorella, Donato and Francis, Louise and Gravino, Pietro and Haklay, Mordechai (Muki) and Hotho, Andreas and Loreto, Vittorio and Mueller, Juergen and Ricchiuti, Ferdinando and Servedio, Vito D. P. and Sirbu, Alina and Tria, Francesca}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, keywords = {awareness cv diss:allmypubs eva21 everyaware learning myown noise own participatory selected sensing sys:relevantfor:l3s widenoise}, month = {dec}, number = 12, pages = {e81638}, title = {Awareness and learning in participatory noise sensing}, volume = 8, year = 2013 }

Difference-Based Estimates for Generalization-Aware Subgroup Discovery. Lemmerich, Florian; Becker, Martin; Puppe, Frank in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, H. Blockeel, K. Kersting, S. Nijssen, F. Zelezny (eds.) (2013). 288–303.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
With the rising popularity of smart mobile devices, sensor data-based applications have become more and more popular. Their users record data during their daily routine or specifically for certain events. The application WideNoise Plus allows users to record sound samples and to annotate them with perceptions and tags. The app is being used to document and map the soundscape all over the world. The procedure of recording, including the assignment of tags, has to be as easy-to-use as possible. We therefore discuss the application of tag recommender algorithms in this particular scenario. We show, that this task is fundamentally different from the well-known tag recommendation problem in folksonomies as users do no longer tag fix resources but rather sensory data and impressions. The scenario requires efficient recommender algorithms that are able to run on the mobile device, since Internet connectivity cannot be assumed to be available. Therefore, we evaluate the performance of several tag recommendation algorithms and discuss their applicability in the mobile sensing use-case.
@inproceedings{mueller2013tag, abstract = {With the rising popularity of smart mobile devices, sensor data-based applications have become more and more popular. Their users record data during their daily routine or specifically for certain events. The application WideNoise Plus allows users to record sound samples and to annotate them with perceptions and tags. The app is being used to document and map the soundscape all over the world. The procedure of recording, including the assignment of tags, has to be as easy-to-use as possible. We therefore discuss the application of tag recommender algorithms in this particular scenario. We show, that this task is fundamentally different from the well-known tag recommendation problem in folksonomies as users do no longer tag fix resources but rather sensory data and impressions. The scenario requires efficient recommender algorithms that are able to run on the mobile device, since Internet connectivity cannot be assumed to be available. Therefore, we evaluate the performance of several tag recommendation algorithms and discuss their applicability in the mobile sensing use-case.}, author = {Mueller, Juergen and Doerfel, Stephan and Becker, Martin and Hotho, Andreas and Stumme, Gerd}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth ACM RecSys Workshop on Recommender Systems and the Social Web co-located with the 7th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems (RecSys 2013)}, crossref = {conf/recsys/2013rsweb}, keywords = {sys:relevantfor:l3s diss:allmypubs eva21 folksonomy myown proposal recommendation sensor tag}, publisher = {CEUR-WS}, series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, title = {Tag Recommendations for SensorFolkSonomies}, year = 2013 }

Tag Recommendations for SensorFolkSonomies. Mueller, Juergen; Doerfel, Stephan; Becker, Martin; Hotho, Andreas; Stumme, Gerd in CEUR Workshop Proceedings (2013).
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@inproceedings{lemmerich2013differencebased, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, author = {Lemmerich, Florian and Becker, Martin and Puppe, Frank}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (ECML PKDD)}, editor = {Blockeel, Hendrik and Kersting, Kristian and Nijssen, Siegfried and Zelezny, Filip}, keywords = {sys:relevantfor:l3s based difference discovery diss diss:allmypubs estimates inthesis myown optimistic subgroup}, pages = {288--303}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Difference-Based Estimates for Generalization-Aware Subgroup Discovery}, year = 2013 }

2012 [ nach oben ]

Ubicon: Observing Social and Physical Activities. Atzmueller, Martin; Becker, Martin; Doerfel, Stephan; Kibanov, Mark; Hotho, Andreas; Macek, Björn-Elmar; Mitzlaff, Folke; Mueller, Juergen; Scholz, Christoph; Stumme, Gerd (2012). 317–324.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ Download ]
 
The connection of ubiquitous and social computing is an emerging research area which is combining two prominent areas of computer science. In this paper, we tackle this topic from different angles: We describe data mining methods for ubiquitous and social data, specifically focusing on physical and social activities, and provide exemplary analysis results. Furthermore, we give an overview on the Ubicon platform which provides a framework for the creation and hosting of ubiquitous and social applications for diverse tasks and projects. Ubicon features the collection and analysis of both physical and social activities of users for enabling inter-connected applications in ubiquitous and social contexts. We summarize three real-world systems built on top of Ubicon, and exemplarily discuss the according mining and analysis aspects.
@inproceedings{atzmueller2012ubicon, abstract = {The connection of ubiquitous and social computing is an emerging research area which is combining two prominent areas of computer science. In this paper, we tackle this topic from different angles: We describe data mining methods for ubiquitous and social data, specifically focusing on physical and social activities, and provide exemplary analysis results. Furthermore, we give an overview on the Ubicon platform which provides a framework for the creation and hosting of ubiquitous and social applications for diverse tasks and projects. Ubicon features the collection and analysis of both physical and social activities of users for enabling inter-connected applications in ubiquitous and social contexts. We summarize three real-world systems built on top of Ubicon, and exemplarily discuss the according mining and analysis aspects.}, address = {Washington, DC, USA}, author = {Atzmueller, Martin and Becker, Martin and Doerfel, Stephan and Kibanov, Mark and Hotho, Andreas and Macek, Björn-Elmar and Mitzlaff, Folke and Mueller, Juergen and Scholz, Christoph and Stumme, Gerd}, booktitle = {International Conference on Green Computing and Communications}, keywords = {2012 activities diss diss:allmypubs everyaware inthesis myown observing physical social sys:relevantfor:l3s sys:test ubicon}, month = {nov}, pages = {317--324}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Ubicon: Observing Social and Physical Activities}, year = 2012 }

Generic Pattern Trees for Exhaustive Exceptional Model Mining. Lemmerich, Florian; Becker, Martin; Atzmueller, Martin P. A. Flach, T. De Bie, N. Cristianini (eds.) (2012). 277–292.
[ Abstract ] [ BibTeX ] [ URL ] [ Download ]
 
Exceptional model mining has been proposed as a variant of subgroup discovery especially focusing on complex target concepts. Currently, efficient mining algorithms are limited to heuristic (non exhaustive) methods. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for fast exhaustive exceptional model mining: We introduce the concept of valuation bases as an intermediate condensed data representation, and present the general GP-growth algorithm based on FP-growth. Furthermore, we discuss the scope of the proposed approach by drawing an analogy to data stream mining and provide examples for several different model classes. Runtime experiments show improvements of more than an order of magnitude in comparison to a naive exhaustive depth-first search.
@inproceedings{lemmerich2012generic, abstract = {Exceptional model mining has been proposed as a variant of subgroup discovery especially focusing on complex target concepts. Currently, efficient mining algorithms are limited to heuristic (non exhaustive) methods. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for fast exhaustive exceptional model mining: We introduce the concept of valuation bases as an intermediate condensed data representation, and present the general GP-growth algorithm based on FP-growth. Furthermore, we discuss the scope of the proposed approach by drawing an analogy to data stream mining and provide examples for several different model classes. Runtime experiments show improvements of more than an order of magnitude in comparison to a naive exhaustive depth-first search.}, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, author = {Lemmerich, Florian and Becker, Martin and Atzmueller, Martin}, booktitle = {European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases}, editor = {Flach, Peter A. and De Bie, Tijl and Cristianini, Nello}, keywords = {sys:relevantfor:l3s 2012 cv diss diss:allmypubs emm everyaware exceptional fptree gptree inthesis mining model myown selected subgroup}, pages = {277--292}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, title = {Generic Pattern Trees for Exhaustive Exceptional Model Mining}, year = 2012 }

2011 [ nach oben ]

Constraint Based Descriptive Pattern Mining. Technical Report (Master thesis), Becker, Martin PhD thesis, University of Wuerzburg. (2011).
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@mastersthesis{becker2011constraint, author = {Becker, Martin}, editor = {Hotho, Andreas and Atzmueller, Martin and Lemmrich, Florian}, keywords = {2011 constraints descriptive itemset mining myown pattern subgroup}, school = {University of Wuerzburg}, title = {Constraint Based Descriptive Pattern Mining}, year = 2011 }