Publications

• [ to appear ]
• [ 2026 ]
• [ 2025 ]
• [ 2024 ]
• [ 2023 ]
• [ 2022 ]
• [ 2021 ]

• Satisfiability of Algebraic Circuits over Sets of Natural Numbers. Glaßer, Christian; Reitwießner, Christian; Travers, Stephen; Waldherr, Matthias. In Discrete Applied Mathematics. to appear.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{SatCirc, author = {Glaßer, Christian and Reitwießner, Christian and Travers, Stephen and Waldherr, Matthias}, journal = {Discrete Applied Mathematics}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Satisfiability of Algebraic Circuits over Sets of Natural Numbers}, year = {to appear} }
• The Shrinking Property for NP and coNP. Glaßer, Christian; Reitwießner, Christian; Selivanov, Victor. In Theoretical Computer Science. to appear.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{ShrinkNPcoNP, author = {Glaßer, Christian and Reitwießner, Christian and Selivanov, Victor}, journal = {Theoretical Computer Science}, keywords = {myown}, title = {The Shrinking Property for NP and coNP}, year = {to appear} }

• Parameterized Approaches to Orthogonal Compaction. Didimo, Walter; Gupta, Siddharth; Kindermann, Philipp; Liotta, Giuseppe; Wolff, Alexander; Zehavi, Meirav. In Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 155(103692), pp. 1–22. 2026.
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  Orthogonal graph drawings are used in applications such as UML diagrams, VLSI layout, cable plans, and metro maps. We focus on drawing planar graphs and assume that we are given an \emph{orthogonal representation} that describes the desired shape, but not the exact coordinates of a drawing. Our aim is to compute an orthogonal drawing on the grid that has minimum area among all grid drawings that adhere to the given orthogonal representation. \par This problem is called orthogonal compaction (\textsc{OC}) and is known to be NP-hard, even for orthogonal representations of cycles [Evans et al.\ 2022]. We investigate the complexity of \textsc{OC} with respect to several parameters. Among others, we show that \textsc{OC} is fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the most natural of these parameters, namely, the number of \emph{kitty corners} of the orthogonal representation: the presence of pairs of kitty corners in an orthogonal representation makes the \textsc{OC} problem hard. Informally speaking, a pair of kitty corners is a pair of reflex corners of a face that point at each other. Accordingly, the number of kitty corners is the number of corners that are involved in some pair of kitty corners.

  @article{dgklwz-paoc-JCSS26, abstract = {Orthogonal graph drawings are used in applications such as UML diagrams, VLSI layout, cable plans, and metro maps. We focus on drawing planar graphs and assume that we are given an \emph{orthogonal representation} that describes the desired shape, but not the exact coordinates of a drawing. Our aim is to compute an orthogonal drawing on the grid that has minimum area among all grid drawings that adhere to the given orthogonal representation. \par This problem is called orthogonal compaction (\textsc{OC}) and is known to be NP-hard, even for orthogonal representations of cycles [Evans et al.\ 2022]. We investigate the complexity of \textsc{OC} with respect to several parameters. Among others, we show that \textsc{OC} is fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the most natural of these parameters, namely, the number of \emph{kitty corners} of the orthogonal representation: the presence of pairs of kitty corners in an orthogonal representation makes the \textsc{OC} problem hard. Informally speaking, a pair of kitty corners is a pair of reflex corners of a face that point at each other. Accordingly, the number of kitty corners is the number of corners that are involved in some pair of kitty corners.}, author = {Didimo, Walter and Gupta, Siddharth and Kindermann, Philipp and Liotta, Giuseppe and Wolff, Alexander and Zehavi, Meirav}, journal = {Journal of Computer and System Sciences}, keywords = {orthogonal_graph_drawing}, number = 103692, pages = {1–22}, title = {Parameterized Approaches to Orthogonal Compaction}, volume = 155, year = 2026 }

• Outside-Obstacle Representations with All Vertices on the Outer Face. Firman, Oksana; Kindermann, Philipp; Klawitter, Jonathan; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Wolff, Alexander. In Computing in Geometry and Topology, 4(1), pp. 2:1–2:21. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  An \emph{obstacle representation} of a graph~$G$ consists of a set of polygonal obstacles and a drawing of~$G$ as a \emph{visibility graph} with respect to the obstacles: vertices are mapped to points and edges to straight-line segments such that each edge avoids all obstacles whereas each non-edge intersects at least one obstacle. Obstacle representations have been investigated quite intensely over the last few years. Here we focus on \emph{outside-obstacle representations} (OORs) that use only one obstacle in the outer face of the drawing. It is known that every outerplanar graph admits such a representation. \par We strengthen this result by showing that every (partial) 2-tree has an OOR. We also consider restricted versions of OORs where the vertices of the graph form a convex or even a regular polygon. We characterize when the complement of a tree and when a complete graph minus a simple cycle admits a convex OOR. We construct regular OORs for all (partial) outerpaths, cactus graphs, and grids.

  @article{fkkkkw-ooravof-CGT25, abstract = {An \emph{obstacle representation} of a graph $G$ consists of a set of polygonal obstacles and a drawing of $G$ as a \emph{visibility graph} with respect to the obstacles: vertices are mapped to points and edges to straight-line segments such that each edge avoids all obstacles whereas each non-edge intersects at least one obstacle. Obstacle representations have been investigated quite intensely over the last few years. Here we focus on \emph{outside-obstacle representations} (OORs) that use only one obstacle in the outer face of the drawing. It is known that every outerplanar graph admits such a representation. \par We strengthen this result by showing that every (partial) 2-tree has an OOR. We also consider restricted versions of OORs where the vertices of the graph form a convex or even a regular polygon. We characterize when the complement of a tree and when a complete graph minus a simple cycle admits a convex OOR. We construct regular OORs for all (partial) outerpaths, cactus graphs, and grids.}, author = {Firman, Oksana and Kindermann, Philipp and Klawitter, Jonathan and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Computing in Geometry and Topology}, keywords = {outside_obstacle}, number = 1, pages = {2:1–2:21}, title = {Outside-Obstacle Representations with All Vertices on the Outer Face}, volume = 4, year = 2025 }
• Trust your local scaler: A continuous, decentralized approach to autoscaling. Straesser, Martin; Geissler, Stefan; Lange, Stanislav; Schumann, Lukas Kilian; Hossfeld, Tobias; Kounev, Samuel. In Performance Evaluation, 167, p. 102452. 2025.
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  Autoscaling is a critical component of modern cloud computing environments, improving flexibility, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Current approaches use centralized autoscalers that make decisions based on averaged monitoring data of managed service instances in fixed intervals. In this scheme, autoscalers are single points of failure, tightly coupled to monitoring systems, and limited in reaction times, making non-optimal scaling decisions costly. This paper presents an approach for continuous decentralized autoscaling, where decisions are made on a service instance level. By distributing scaling decisions of instances over time, autoscaling evolves into a quasi-continuous process, enabling great adaptability to different workload patterns. We analyze our approach on different abstraction levels, including a model-based, simulation-based, and real-world evaluation. Proof-of-concept experiments show that our approach is able to scale different applications deployed in containers and virtual machines in realistic environments, yielding better scaling performance compared to established baseline autoscalers, especially in scenarios with highly dynamic workloads.

  @article{STRAESSER2025102452, abstract = {Autoscaling is a critical component of modern cloud computing environments, improving flexibility, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Current approaches use centralized autoscalers that make decisions based on averaged monitoring data of managed service instances in fixed intervals. In this scheme, autoscalers are single points of failure, tightly coupled to monitoring systems, and limited in reaction times, making non-optimal scaling decisions costly. This paper presents an approach for continuous decentralized autoscaling, where decisions are made on a service instance level. By distributing scaling decisions of instances over time, autoscaling evolves into a quasi-continuous process, enabling great adaptability to different workload patterns. We analyze our approach on different abstraction levels, including a model-based, simulation-based, and real-world evaluation. Proof-of-concept experiments show that our approach is able to scale different applications deployed in containers and virtual machines in realistic environments, yielding better scaling performance compared to established baseline autoscalers, especially in scenarios with highly dynamic workloads.}, author = {Straesser, Martin and Geissler, Stefan and Lange, Stanislav and Schumann, Lukas Kilian and Hossfeld, Tobias and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Performance Evaluation}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, pages = 102452, title = {Trust your local scaler: A continuous, decentralized approach to autoscaling}, volume = 167, year = 2025 }
• Delta- and Kalman-filter designs for multi-sensor pose estimation on spherical mobile mapping systems. Arzberger, F.; Schubert, T.; Wiecha, F.; Zevering, J.; Rothe, J.; Borrmann, D.; Montenegro, S.; Nüchter, A. In Robotics and Autonomous Systems (JRAS), 184, p. 104852. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Spherical mobile mapping systems are not thoroughly studied in terms of inertial pose estimation filtering. The underlying inherent rolling motion introduces high angular velocities and aggressive system dynamics around all principal axes. This motion profile also needs different modeling compared to state-of-the-art competitors, which heavily focus on more rotationally-restricted systems such as UAV, handheld, or cars. In this work we compare our previously proposed “Delta-filter”, which was heavily motivated by the sensors inability to provide covariance estimations, with a Kalman-filter design using a covariance model. Both filters fuse two 6-DoF pose estimators with a motion model in real-time, however the designs are theoretically suitable for an arbitrary number of estimators. We evaluate the trajectories against ground truth pose measurement from an OptiTrack™ motion capturing system. Furthermore, as our spherical systems are equipped with laser-scanners, we evaluate the resulting point clouds against ground truth maps available from a Riegl VZ400 terrestrial laser-scanner (TLS). Our source code and datasets can be found on github (Arzberger, 2023).

  @article{RAS2024, abstract = {Spherical mobile mapping systems are not thoroughly studied in terms of inertial pose estimation filtering. The underlying inherent rolling motion introduces high angular velocities and aggressive system dynamics around all principal axes. This motion profile also needs different modeling compared to state-of-the-art competitors, which heavily focus on more rotationally-restricted systems such as UAV, handheld, or cars. In this work we compare our previously proposed “Delta-filter”, which was heavily motivated by the sensors inability to provide covariance estimations, with a Kalman-filter design using a covariance model. Both filters fuse two 6-DoF pose estimators with a motion model in real-time, however the designs are theoretically suitable for an arbitrary number of estimators. We evaluate the trajectories against ground truth pose measurement from an OptiTrack™ motion capturing system. Furthermore, as our spherical systems are equipped with laser-scanners, we evaluate the resulting point clouds against ground truth maps available from a Riegl VZ400 terrestrial laser-scanner (TLS). Our source code and datasets can be found on github (Arzberger, 2023).}, author = {Arzberger, F. and Schubert, T. and Wiecha, F. and Zevering, J. and Rothe, J. and Borrmann, D. and Montenegro, S. and Nüchter, A.}, journal = {Robotics and Autonomous Systems (JRAS)}, keywords = {author}, pages = 104852, title = {Delta- and Kalman-filter designs for multi-sensor pose estimation on spherical mobile mapping systems}, volume = 184, year = 2025 }
• Quantifying Data Leakage in Failure Prediction Tasks. Grillmeyer, Daniel; Hadry, Marius; Lesch, Veronika; Borst, Vanessa; Leppich, Robert; Bauer, Andr{é}; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’25, pp. 334–346. Association for Computing Machinery, Toronto ON, Canada, 2025.
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  With the ever increasing importance of cloud computing and a strong focus on reliable data centers, a high amount of research has been done on failure prediction for hard disk drives. The collection of monitoring data, such as SMART statistics (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) from operational HDDs, enables operators to obtain predictions about the expected remaining useful life. Numerous methods for HDD failure prediction have been published in recent years, and their evaluation has shown decent results. However, a naive splitting into training and test sets can lead to data leakage and, thus, over-optimistic results that cannot be achieved on the data of scientific interest. In this paper, we propose a novel data leakage measure for quantifying the amount of data leakage in training and test datasets. Further, we define four splitting techniques and evaluate our measure in terms of the performance optimism of classification models with respect to these different splitting strategies. Our results consistently show that splitting techniques prone to data leakage induce an overestimation of predictive performance. Overall, we were able to show the usefulness of the defined data leakage measure, as well as its connection with different splitting techniques and the performance optimism of prediction models.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3676151.3719368, abstract = {With the ever increasing importance of cloud computing and a strong focus on reliable data centers, a high amount of research has been done on failure prediction for hard disk drives. The collection of monitoring data, such as SMART statistics (Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology) from operational HDDs, enables operators to obtain predictions about the expected remaining useful life. Numerous methods for HDD failure prediction have been published in recent years, and their evaluation has shown decent results. However, a naive splitting into training and test sets can lead to data leakage and, thus, over-optimistic results that cannot be achieved on the data of scientific interest. In this paper, we propose a novel data leakage measure for quantifying the amount of data leakage in training and test datasets. Further, we define four splitting techniques and evaluate our measure in terms of the performance optimism of classification models with respect to these different splitting strategies. Our results consistently show that splitting techniques prone to data leakage induce an overestimation of predictive performance. Overall, we were able to show the usefulness of the defined data leakage measure, as well as its connection with different splitting techniques and the performance optimism of prediction models.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Grillmeyer, Daniel and Hadry, Marius and Lesch, Veronika and Borst, Vanessa and Leppich, Robert and Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {334–346}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '25}, title = {Quantifying Data Leakage in Failure Prediction Tasks}, year = 2025 }
• ModernGBERT: German-only 1B Encoder Model Trained from Scratch. Ehrmanntraut, Anton; Wunderle, Julia; Pfister, Jan; Jannidis, Fotis; Hotho, Andreas. 2025.
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  @misc{ehrmanntraut2025moderngbert, author = {Ehrmanntraut, Anton and Wunderle, Julia and Pfister, Jan and Jannidis, Fotis and Hotho, Andreas}, keywords = {selected}, title = {ModernGBERT: German-only 1B Encoder Model Trained from Scratch}, year = 2025 }
• Integrating Colored Lights into Multimodal Robotic Storytelling. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Maier, Sophia; Lugrin, Birgit. In Empathic Computing, 1(2), p. 202404. 2025.
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  @article{steinhaeusser2025lights, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Maier, Sophia and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Empathic Computing}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, number = 2, pages = 202404, title = {Integrating Colored Lights into Multimodal Robotic Storytelling}, volume = 1, year = 2025 }
• Exploring Design Choices for Autoregressive Deep Learning Climate Models. Gallusser, Florian; Hentschel, Simon; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. In Tackling Climate Change With Machine Learning, International Conference on Learning Representation 2025 (ICLR 2025). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{gallusser2025exploring, author = {Gallusser, Florian and Hentschel, Simon and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Tackling Climate Change With Machine Learning, International Conference on Learning Representation 2025 (ICLR 2025)}, keywords = {climate}, title = {Exploring Design Choices for Autoregressive Deep Learning Climate Models}, year = 2025 }
• Visualization of Event Graphs for Train Schedules. Hartleb, Johann; Schmidt, Marie; Wolf, Samuel; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 41st European Workshop on Computational Geometry (EuroCG), J. Kratochvíl, G. Liotta (eds.), pp. 78:1–8. 2025.
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  @inproceedings{hsww-vegts-EuroCG25, author = {Hartleb, Johann and Schmidt, Marie and Wolf, Samuel and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 41st European Workshop on Computational Geometry (EuroCG)}, editor = {Kratochvíl, Jan and Liotta, Giuseppe}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {78:1–8}, title = {Visualization of Event Graphs for Train Schedules}, year = 2025 }
• Application of Social Robots in Higher Education: A Long-Term Study. Donnermann, Melissa; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit. In International Journal of Social Robotics. 2025.
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  @article{Donnermann2025SocialRobots, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {International Journal of Social Robotics}, keywords = {sia}, title = {Application of Social Robots in Higher Education: A Long-Term Study}, year = 2025 }
• Next Generation Energy Efficiency Benchmarking: Reliable and Reproducible Efficiency Measurements in a Diverse IT-Landscape. Meissner, Maximilian; Lange, Klaus-Dieter; Cragin, Aaron; H J, Pushpa; Proulx, Robert; Kounev, Samuel. In Companion of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’25, pp. 60–64. Association for Computing Machinery, Toronto ON, Canada, 2025.
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  Energy efficiency has become a critical quality criterion of IT-systems. While hardware designers have long worked on improving efficiency, researchers in other fields, such as software design and Artificial Intelligence, are increasingly focusing on this issue as well. Such combined efforts are essential to mitigate the significant energy demands of current and future hardware and software. In comparison to performance benchmarking, energy efficiency benchmarking involves a variety of additional factors that must be carefully considered and controlled. Without proper setup and oversight, measurements can easily lead to misleading, inconclusive, or unreliable results. Because reproducibility of experiment results, or lack thereof, is a critical concern in the scientific community, knowing the intricacies of power and efficiency measurements is a crucial pre-requisite for carrying out meaningful experiments. This paper offers insight into aspects important for conducting energy efficiency experiments based on best practices. It explains the effects of subtle differences in experiment setup and discusses current trends and challenges in efficiency benchmarking.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3680256.3721255, abstract = {Energy efficiency has become a critical quality criterion of IT-systems. While hardware designers have long worked on improving efficiency, researchers in other fields, such as software design and Artificial Intelligence, are increasingly focusing on this issue as well. Such combined efforts are essential to mitigate the significant energy demands of current and future hardware and software. In comparison to performance benchmarking, energy efficiency benchmarking involves a variety of additional factors that must be carefully considered and controlled. Without proper setup and oversight, measurements can easily lead to misleading, inconclusive, or unreliable results. Because reproducibility of experiment results, or lack thereof, is a critical concern in the scientific community, knowing the intricacies of power and efficiency measurements is a crucial pre-requisite for carrying out meaningful experiments. This paper offers insight into aspects important for conducting energy efficiency experiments based on best practices. It explains the effects of subtle differences in experiment setup and discusses current trends and challenges in efficiency benchmarking.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Meissner, Maximilian and Lange, Klaus-Dieter and Cragin, Aaron and H J, Pushpa and Proulx, Robert and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Companion of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {t_tutorial}, pages = {60–64}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '25}, title = {Next Generation Energy Efficiency Benchmarking: Reliable and Reproducible Efficiency Measurements in a Diverse IT-Landscape}, year = 2025 }
• Visualization of Event Graphs for Train Schedules. Hartleb, Johann; Schmidt, Marie; Wolf, Samuel; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 25th Symp. Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optim. \& Syst. (ATMOS), Vol. 137 of OASIcs, J. Sauer, M. Schmidt (eds.), pp. 4:1–4:20. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{hsww-vegts-ATMOS25, author = {Hartleb, Johann and Schmidt, Marie and Wolf, Samuel and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 25th Symp. Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modeling, Optim. \& Syst. (ATMOS)}, editor = {Sauer, Jonas and Schmidt, Marie}, keywords = {event_graphs}, pages = {4:1–4:20}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {OASIcs}, title = {Visualization of Event Graphs for Train Schedules}, volume = 137, year = 2025 }
• {Underwater VR for Astronaut Training}. J{ö}rissen, S.; Hilbert, D. L.; Bleier, M.; Borrmann, D.; Lauterbach, H. A.; N{ü}chter, A. In Advancing Human-Computer Interaction for Space Exploration (SpaceCHI 2025), Vol. 130 of Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs), L. Bensch, T. Nilsson, M. Nisser, P. Pataranutaporn, A. Schmidt, V. Sumini (eds.), pp. 28:1–28:16. Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{ü}r Informatik, Dagstuhl, Germany, 2025.
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  Pools are excellent places for testing many nautical technologies, as well as training divers or astronauts in simulated weightlessness. However, for extensive astronaut training underwater, a large pool is necessary. The Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) is an astronaut training facility and located at the Sonny Carter Training Facility, near the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, containing 23 million liters of water. In Europe, Blue Abyss Ltd. is currently building the world’s largest and deepest indoor pool in Cornwall, also having space applications in mind. We believe that a VR solution can overcome the needs for large pools for astronaut training as space equipment can be well-simulated in virtual reality. To this end, we combined a full-face diving mask with a custom built VR headset for simulating a space environment. Besides constructing a water-tight VR headset, a precise tracking system to determine the position and orientation in space plays an important role. We use an outside-in tracking system consisting of four cameras in watertight housings, mounted on aluminium rails, covering a 2×3.5 meter experimental area, which enable us to track reference markers placed on the underwater VR diving mask. To calibrate this system, a rectangular cuboidal structure with reference markers is placed in the experimental area, which additionally serves as a handrail to perform basic Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) tasks. The position tracking of the underwater headset and mirroring of physical objects in VR enables the user to move physically in the virtual environment as well as interact with the physical objects, such as the handrail. Due to the underwater environment, refraction at different media needs to be taken into account for both calibration and tracking.

  @inproceedings{SpaceCHI2025, abstract = {Pools are excellent places for testing many nautical technologies, as well as training divers or astronauts in simulated weightlessness. However, for extensive astronaut training underwater, a large pool is necessary. The Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory (NBL) is an astronaut training facility and located at the Sonny Carter Training Facility, near the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, containing 23 million liters of water. In Europe, Blue Abyss Ltd. is currently building the world’s largest and deepest indoor pool in Cornwall, also having space applications in mind. We believe that a VR solution can overcome the needs for large pools for astronaut training as space equipment can be well-simulated in virtual reality. To this end, we combined a full-face diving mask with a custom built VR headset for simulating a space environment. Besides constructing a water-tight VR headset, a precise tracking system to determine the position and orientation in space plays an important role. We use an outside-in tracking system consisting of four cameras in watertight housings, mounted on aluminium rails, covering a 2×3.5 meter experimental area, which enable us to track reference markers placed on the underwater VR diving mask. To calibrate this system, a rectangular cuboidal structure with reference markers is placed in the experimental area, which additionally serves as a handrail to perform basic Extra Vehicular Activity (EVA) tasks. The position tracking of the underwater headset and mirroring of physical objects in VR enables the user to move physically in the virtual environment as well as interact with the physical objects, such as the handrail. Due to the underwater environment, refraction at different media needs to be taken into account for both calibration and tracking.}, address = {Dagstuhl, Germany}, annote = {Keywords: Head Mounted Display, VR Glasses, Underwater, Motion Tracking}, author = {J\"{o}rissen, S. and Hilbert, D. L. and Bleier, M. and Borrmann, D. and Lauterbach, H. A. and N\"{u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Advancing Human-Computer Interaction for Space Exploration (SpaceCHI 2025)}, editor = {Bensch, Leonie and Nilsson, Tommy and Nisser, Martin and Pataranutaporn, Pat and Schmidt, Albrecht and Sumini, Valentina}, keywords = {author}, pages = {28:1–28:16}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, series = {Open Access Series in Informatics (OASIcs)}, title = {{Underwater VR for Astronaut Training}}, volume = 130, year = 2025 }
• The Impact of AI-Based Real-Time Gesture Generation and Immersion on the Perception of Others and Interaction Quality in Social XR. Merz, Christian; Krome, Niklas; Wienrich, Carolin; Kopp, Stefan; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. 2025.
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  This study explores how people interact in dyadic social eXtended Reality (XR), focusing on two main factors: the animation type of a conversation partner’s avatar and how immersed the user feels in the virtual environment. Specifically, we investigate how 1) idle behavior, 2) AI-generated gestures, and 3) motion-captured movements from a confederate (a controlled partner in the study) influence the quality of conversation and how that partner is perceived. We examined these effects in both symmetric interactions (where both participants use VR headsets and controllers) and asymmetric interactions (where one participant uses a desktop setup). We developed a social XR platform that supports asymmetric device configurations to provide varying levels of immersion. The platform also supports a modular avatar animation system providing idle behavior, real-time AI-generated co-speech gestures, and full-body motion capture. Using a 2×3 mixed design with 39 participants, we measured users’ sense of spatial presence, their perception of the confederate, and the overall conversation quality. Our results show that users who were more immersed felt a stronger sense of presence and viewed their partner as more human-like and believable. Surprisingly, however, the type of avatar animation did not significantly affect conversation quality or how the partner was perceived. Participants often reported focusing more on what was said rather than how the avatar moved.

  @article{merz2025impact, abstract = {This study explores how people interact in dyadic social eXtended Reality (XR), focusing on two main factors: the animation type of a conversation partner’s avatar and how immersed the user feels in the virtual environment. Specifically, we investigate how 1) idle behavior, 2) AI-generated gestures, and 3) motion-captured movements from a confederate (a controlled partner in the study) influence the quality of conversation and how that partner is perceived. We examined these effects in both symmetric interactions (where both participants use VR headsets and controllers) and asymmetric interactions (where one participant uses a desktop setup). We developed a social XR platform that supports asymmetric device configurations to provide varying levels of immersion. The platform also supports a modular avatar animation system providing idle behavior, real-time AI-generated co-speech gestures, and full-body motion capture. Using a 2×3 mixed design with 39 participants, we measured users’ sense of spatial presence, their perception of the confederate, and the overall conversation quality. Our results show that users who were more immersed felt a stronger sense of presence and viewed their partner as more human-like and believable. Surprisingly, however, the type of avatar animation did not significantly affect conversation quality or how the partner was perceived. Participants often reported focusing more on what was said rather than how the avatar moved.}, author = {Merz, Christian and Krome, Niklas and Wienrich, Carolin and Kopp, Stefan and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {merz}, note = {IEEE ISMAR Best Paper Award Honorable Mention 🏆}, title = {The Impact of AI-Based Real-Time Gesture Generation and Immersion on the Perception of Others and Interaction Quality in Social XR}, year = 2025 }
• Evaluation of Secure Group Communication Schemes and Homomorphic Computing as a Basis for Secure IoT Communication and Cloud Computations. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Prantl, Thomas. PhD dissertation. Universit{"a}t W{"u}rzburg, 2025.
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  @phdthesis{Prantl2025PhD, author = {Prantl, Thomas}, keywords = {descartes}, school = {Universit{"a}t W{"u}rzburg}, title = {Evaluation of Secure Group Communication Schemes and Homomorphic Computing as a Basis for Secure IoT Communication and Cloud Computations}, type = {doctoralthesis}, year = 2025 }
• Reinforcement Learning in Education: A Systematic Literature Review. Riedmann, Anna; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit. In International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education. 2025.
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  @article{riedmann2025review, author = {Riedmann, Anna and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education}, keywords = {sia}, title = {Reinforcement Learning in Education: A Systematic Literature Review}, year = 2025 }
• The Interwoven Nature of Spatial Presence and Virtual Embodiment: A Comprehensive Perspective. Halbig, Andreas; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 6. 2025.
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  @article{halbig-interwoven, author = {Halbig, Andreas and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {myown}, title = {The Interwoven Nature of Spatial Presence and Virtual Embodiment: A Comprehensive Perspective}, volume = 6, year = 2025 }
• Approximating Traveling Salesman Problems Using a Bridge Lemma. Böhm, Martin; Friggstad, Zachary; Mömke, Tobias; Spoerhase, Joachim. In Proc. 36th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (SODA’25). 2025.
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  @inproceedings{bohm2024approximating, author = {Böhm, Martin and Friggstad, Zachary and Mömke, Tobias and Spoerhase, Joachim}, booktitle = {Proc. 36th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (SODA'25)}, keywords = {key}, title = {Approximating Traveling Salesman Problems Using a Bridge Lemma}, year = 2025 }
• Ready for VR? Assessing VR Competence and Exploring the Role of Human Abilities and Characteristics. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Heinisch, Melina; Mühling, Tobias; Schreiner, Verena; König, Sarah; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The use of VR for educational purposes provides the opportunity for integrating VR applications into assessments or graded examinations. Interacting with an VR environment requires specific human abilities, thus suggesting the existence of a VR competence. With regard to the emerging field of VR-based examinations, this VR competence might influence a candidate's final grade and hence should be taken into account. In this paper, we proposed and developed a VR competence assessment application. The application features eight individual challenges that are based on generic 3D interaction techniques. In a pilot study, we measured the performance of 18 users. By identifying significant correlations between VR competence score, previous VR experience and theoretically-grounded contributing human abilities and characteristics, we provide first evidence that our VR competence assessment is effective. In addition, we provide first data that a specific VR competence exists. Our analyses further revealed that mainly spatial ability but also immersive tendency correlated with VR competence scores. These insights not only allow educators and researchers to assess and potentially equalize the VR competence level of their subjects, but also help designers to provide effective tutorials for first-time VR users.

  @article{oberdorfer2025ready, abstract = {The use of VR for educational purposes provides the opportunity for integrating VR applications into assessments or graded examinations. Interacting with an VR environment requires specific human abilities, thus suggesting the existence of a VR competence. With regard to the emerging field of VR-based examinations, this VR competence might influence a candidate's final grade and hence should be taken into account. In this paper, we proposed and developed a VR competence assessment application. The application features eight individual challenges that are based on generic 3D interaction techniques. In a pilot study, we measured the performance of 18 users. By identifying significant correlations between VR competence score, previous VR experience and theoretically-grounded contributing human abilities and characteristics, we provide first evidence that our VR competence assessment is effective. In addition, we provide first data that a specific VR competence exists. Our analyses further revealed that mainly spatial ability but also immersive tendency correlated with VR competence scores. These insights not only allow educators and researchers to assess and potentially equalize the VR competence level of their subjects, but also help designers to provide effective tutorials for first-time VR users.}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Heinisch, Melina and Mühling, Tobias and Schreiner, Verena and König, Sarah and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {dark-sides-vr}, title = {Ready for VR? Assessing VR Competence and Exploring the Role of Human Abilities and Characteristics}, year = 2025 }
• Objective Measurement of AI Literacy: Development and Validation of the AI Competency Objective Scale (AICOS). Markus, André; Carolus, Astrid; Wienrich, Carolin. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{markus2025objectivemeasurementailiteracy, author = {Markus, André and Carolus, Astrid and Wienrich, Carolin}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, title = {Objective Measurement of AI Literacy: Development and Validation of the AI Competency Objective Scale (AICOS)}, year = 2025 }
• femtoPro: Teaching and Training of Ultrafast Optics in Virtual Reality. Müller, S.; Müller, A.; Truman, S.; Buhl, T.; von Mammen, S.; Brixner, T. In 2025 IEEE Conference on Education and Training in Optics and Photonics (ETOP), pp. 1–4. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{11030702, author = {Müller, S. and Müller, A. and Truman, S. and Buhl, T. and von Mammen, S. and Brixner, T.}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE Conference on Education and Training in Optics and Photonics (ETOP)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1-4}, title = {femtoPro: Teaching and Training of Ultrafast Optics in Virtual Reality}, year = 2025 }
• Generating Executable Microservice Applications for Performance Benchmarking. Lubas, Yannik; Straesser, Martin; Bauer, Andr{é}; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’25, pp. 31–44. Association for Computing Machinery, Toronto ON, Canada, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Microservice applications are the building blocks of modern cloud applications. As such, their performance aspects have been receiving increasing attention in the software engineering community. However, many microservice performance studies use only a small set of popular microservice test applications for experiments, questioning the applicability of their approaches in practice. Researchers currently lack the opportunity to collect large and diverse datasets containing performance metrics of microservices. This is because popular test applications only represent specific technology stacks and often come with custom benchmark tooling (e.g., load generation and monitoring). In this paper, we present Creo, a framework for generating microservice applications that (1) are fully executable, (2) have configurable properties and resource usage profiles, and (3) have built-in support for standardized monitoring, load generation, and deployment. Our approach enables researchers to run experiments with diverse microservice applications with minimal effort. We demonstrate the value of our approach in the context of two use cases. First, we show that using generated applications when training machine learning models for predicting performance degradation can improve the prediction accuracy. Second, we evaluate a recent approach for performance anomaly classification on a set of generated applications highlighting strengths and weaknesses not discussed in the original work.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3676151.3719361, abstract = {Microservice applications are the building blocks of modern cloud applications. As such, their performance aspects have been receiving increasing attention in the software engineering community. However, many microservice performance studies use only a small set of popular microservice test applications for experiments, questioning the applicability of their approaches in practice. Researchers currently lack the opportunity to collect large and diverse datasets containing performance metrics of microservices. This is because popular test applications only represent specific technology stacks and often come with custom benchmark tooling (e.g., load generation and monitoring). In this paper, we present Creo, a framework for generating microservice applications that (1) are fully executable, (2) have configurable properties and resource usage profiles, and (3) have built-in support for standardized monitoring, load generation, and deployment. Our approach enables researchers to run experiments with diverse microservice applications with minimal effort. We demonstrate the value of our approach in the context of two use cases. First, we show that using generated applications when training machine learning models for predicting performance degradation can improve the prediction accuracy. Second, we evaluate a recent approach for performance anomaly classification on a set of generated applications highlighting strengths and weaknesses not discussed in the original work.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Lubas, Yannik and Straesser, Martin and Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {microservices}, pages = {31–44}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '25}, title = {Generating Executable Microservice Applications for Performance Benchmarking}, year = 2025 }
• Microservice Applications and Their Workloads on GitHub. Lubas, Yannik; Straesser, Martin; Rohwer, Ivo; Kounev, Samuel; Bauer, Andr{é}. In Companion of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’25, pp. 199–205. Association for Computing Machinery, Toronto ON, Canada, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Many cloud applications employ a microservice architecture to reap its various benefits, such as independent scalability and development. However, microservices' distributed nature comes with its own challenges, which the literature tries to combat with various approaches in domains, such as autoscaling or service placement. Researchers, especially performance engineers, need representative microservice applications as a basis to develop and evaluate their approaches. While the literature proposes several reference and benchmark applications, the set of commonly used applications is rather limited. Further, the representativeness of reference applications for industry practices has been challenged, raising questions about the applicability of existing approaches. To investigate possible alternatives to and inspirations for microservice testbeds, we conduct an exploratory search of microservice applications and their workloads by mining GitHub repositories. Our work provides two datasets containing 553 applications and 8 workload dataset repositories, respectively. In addition, we provide a first analysis of the collected data that future work can build upon.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3680256.3721321, abstract = {Many cloud applications employ a microservice architecture to reap its various benefits, such as independent scalability and development. However, microservices' distributed nature comes with its own challenges, which the literature tries to combat with various approaches in domains, such as autoscaling or service placement. Researchers, especially performance engineers, need representative microservice applications as a basis to develop and evaluate their approaches. While the literature proposes several reference and benchmark applications, the set of commonly used applications is rather limited. Further, the representativeness of reference applications for industry practices has been challenged, raising questions about the applicability of existing approaches. To investigate possible alternatives to and inspirations for microservice testbeds, we conduct an exploratory search of microservice applications and their workloads by mining GitHub repositories. Our work provides two datasets containing 553 applications and 8 workload dataset repositories, respectively. In addition, we provide a first analysis of the collected data that future work can build upon.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Lubas, Yannik and Straesser, Martin and Rohwer, Ivo and Kounev, Samuel and Bauer, Andr\'{e}}, booktitle = {Companion of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {t_workshop}, pages = {199–205}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '25}, title = {Microservice Applications and Their Workloads on GitHub}, year = 2025 }
• Sensing and Estimation. Borrmann, Dorit; N{ü}chter, Andreas. In Robotics Goes MOOC: Knowledge, B. Siciliano (ed.), pp. 13–59. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  ``Nothing is in the intellect that was not first in the senses.''---A famous saying which is attributed to John Locke applies to the knowledge of robots as well. Most information processed by robots is perceived by sensors. All sensor measurements are affected by noise and may be faulty. A crucial challenge is therefore how to perceive the environment and how to handle sensor data.

  @inbook{MOOC2025, abstract = {``Nothing is in the intellect that was not first in the senses.''—A famous saying which is attributed to John Locke applies to the knowledge of robots as well. Most information processed by robots is perceived by sensors. All sensor measurements are affected by noise and may be faulty. A crucial challenge is therefore how to perceive the environment and how to handle sensor data.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Borrmann, Dorit and N{\"u}chter, Andreas}, booktitle = {Robotics Goes MOOC: Knowledge}, editor = {Siciliano, Bruno}, keywords = {author}, pages = {13–59}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {Sensing and Estimation}, year = 2025 }
• Replacing the Body in Embodiment: The Relationship Between Avatars and Interoception in Virtual Reality. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Döllinger, Nina. PhD dissertation. Universität Würzburg, 2025.
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  • [ URL ]
  @phdthesis{doellinger2025phd, author = {Döllinger, Nina}, keywords = {nidoel}, school = {Universität Würzburg}, title = {Replacing the Body in Embodiment: The Relationship Between Avatars and Interoception in Virtual Reality}, year = 2025 }
• Self-Similarity Beats Motor Control in Augmented Reality Body Weight Perception. Fiedler, Marie Luisa; Botsch, Mario; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 31(5). 2025.
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  This paper investigates if and how self-similarity and having motor control impact sense of embodiment, self-identification, and body weight perception in Augmented Reality (AR). We conducted a 2x2 mixed design experiment involving 60 participants who interacted with either synchronously moving virtual humans or independently moving ones, each with self-similar or generic appearances, across two consecutive AR sessions. Participants evaluated their sense of embodiment, self-identification, and body weight perception of the virtual human. Our results show that self-similarity significantly enhanced sense of embodiment, self-identification, and the accuracy of body weight estimates with the virtual human. However, the effects of having motor control over the virtual human movements were notably weaker in these measures than in similar VR studies. Further analysis indicated that not only the virtual human itself but also the participants' body weight, self-esteem, and body shape concerns predict body weight estimates across all conditions. Our work advances the understanding of virtual human body weight perception in AR systems, emphasizing the importance of factors such as coherence with the real-world environment.

  @article{fiedler2025selfsimilarity, abstract = {This paper investigates if and how self-similarity and having motor control impact sense of embodiment, self-identification, and body weight perception in Augmented Reality (AR). We conducted a 2x2 mixed design experiment involving 60 participants who interacted with either synchronously moving virtual humans or independently moving ones, each with self-similar or generic appearances, across two consecutive AR sessions. Participants evaluated their sense of embodiment, self-identification, and body weight perception of the virtual human. Our results show that self-similarity significantly enhanced sense of embodiment, self-identification, and the accuracy of body weight estimates with the virtual human. However, the effects of having motor control over the virtual human movements were notably weaker in these measures than in similar VR studies. Further analysis indicated that not only the virtual human itself but also the participants' body weight, self-esteem, and body shape concerns predict body weight estimates across all conditions. Our work advances the understanding of virtual human body weight perception in AR systems, emphasizing the importance of factors such as coherence with the real-world environment.}, author = {Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Botsch, Mario and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {mfiedler}, note = {Honorable Mention 🏆}, number = 5, title = {Self-Similarity Beats Motor Control in Augmented Reality Body Weight Perception}, volume = 31, year = 2025 }
• Immersive Tailoring of Embodied Agents Using Large Language Models. Bellucci, Andrea; Jacucci, Giulio; Duong, Kien; K Das, Pritom; Smirnov, Sergei; Ahmed, Imtiaj; Lugrin, Jean-Luc. In Proceedings of the The 32nd IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces, of IEEE VR 2025. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  LLM-based embodied agents are recently emerging in VR supporting various scenarios such as pedagogical assistants, virtual companions, and NPCs for games. While they have potential to enhance user interactions, they require careful design to cater unique user needs and contexts. We present an architecture that leverages different LLM modules, and their engineering integration to enable conversational interactions with an embodied agent in multi-user VR. Our system’s primary goal is to facilitate immersive tailoring through conversational input, allowing users to dynamically adjust an agent’s behavior and properties (e.g., role, personality, and appearance), directly within the virtual space, rather than during development or via separate interfaces. We demonstrate this approach with a use case and provide performance measurements in terms of latency of ailoring.

  @inproceedings{bellucci2025immersive, abstract = {LLM-based embodied agents are recently emerging in VR supporting various scenarios such as pedagogical assistants, virtual companions, and NPCs for games. While they have potential to enhance user interactions, they require careful design to cater unique user needs and contexts. We present an architecture that leverages different LLM modules, and their engineering integration to enable conversational interactions with an embodied agent in multi-user VR. Our system’s primary goal is to facilitate immersive tailoring through conversational input, allowing users to dynamically adjust an agent’s behavior and properties (e.g., role, personality, and appearance), directly within the virtual space, rather than during development or via separate interfaces. We demonstrate this approach with a use case and provide performance measurements in terms of latency of ailoring.}, author = {Bellucci, Andrea and Jacucci, Giulio and Duong, Kien and K Das, Pritom and Smirnov, Sergei and Ahmed, Imtiaj and Lugrin, Jean-Luc}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the The 32nd IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces}, keywords = {ieeevr25}, series = {IEEE VR 2025}, title = {Immersive Tailoring of Embodied Agents Using Large Language Models}, year = 2025 }
• Computational Dermatology – An Automatic System for Visually Classifying Rare Wound Diseases. Hieber, Daniel; Dege, Tassilo; Borst, Vanessa; Liesche-Starnecker, Friederike; Schobel, Johannes; Pryss, Rüdiger; Glatzel, Caroline; Kramer, Frank; Schmieder, Astrid; Müller, Dominik. In Abstractband of the 70th Annual Meeting of the German Association for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (GMDS). Jena, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @incollection{hieber2025computational, address = {Jena}, author = {Hieber, Daniel and Dege, Tassilo and Borst, Vanessa and Liesche-Starnecker, Friederike and Schobel, Johannes and Pryss, Rüdiger and Glatzel, Caroline and Kramer, Frank and Schmieder, Astrid and Müller, Dominik}, booktitle = {Abstractband of the 70th Annual Meeting of the German Association for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (GMDS)}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, title = {Computational Dermatology – An Automatic System for Visually Classifying Rare Wound Diseases}, year = 2025 }
• Unobtrusive In-Situ Measurement of Behavior Change by Deep Metric Similarity Learning of Motion Patterns. Merz, Christian; Schach, Lukas; Fiedler, Marie Luisa; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. 2025.
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  @misc{merz2025unobtrusiveinsitumeasurementbehavior, author = {Merz, Christian and Schach, Lukas and Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, keywords = {mfiedler}, title = {Unobtrusive In-Situ Measurement of Behavior Change by Deep Metric Similarity Learning of Motion Patterns}, year = 2025 }
• A CoPilot for the Engineering of Product Configuration Knowledge. Herud, Konstantin; Schubert, Julian; Heyder, Antonia; Baumeister, Joachim. In FGWM Workshop 2025: Workshop der GI-Fachgruppe Wissensmanagement. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{herud2025copilot, author = {Herud, Konstantin and Schubert, Julian and Heyder, Antonia and Baumeister, Joachim}, booktitle = {FGWM Workshop 2025: Workshop der GI-Fachgruppe Wissensmanagement}, keywords = {coom}, title = {A CoPilot for the Engineering of Product Configuration Knowledge}, year = 2025 }
• Improving Mid-Air Sketching in Room-Scale Virtual Reality with Dynamic Color-to-Depth and Opacity Cues. Monty, Samantha; Mevißen, Dennis Alexander; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Immersive 3D mid-air sketching systems liberate users from the confines of traditional 2D sketching canvases. However, complications from perceptual challenges in Virtual Reality (VR), combined with the ergonomic and cognitive challenges of sketching in all three dimensions in mid-air lower the accuracy and aesthetic quality of 3D sketches. This paper explores how color-to-depth and opacity cues support users to create and perceive freehand, 3D strokes in room-scale sketching, unlocking a full 360° of freedom for creation. We implemented three graphic depth shader cues modifying the (1) alpha, (2) hue, and (3) value levels of a single color to dynamically adjust the color and transparency of meshes relative to their depth from the user. We investigated how these depth cues influence sketch efficiency, sketch quality, and total sketch experience with 24 participants in a comparative, counterbalanced, 4 x 1 within-subjects user study. First, with our graphic depth shader cues we could successfully transfer results of prior research in seated sketching tasks to room-scale scenarios. Our color-to-depth cues improved the similarity of sketches to target models. This highlights the usefulness of the color-to-depth approach even for the increased range of motion and depth in room-scale sketching. Second, our shaders assisted participants to complete tasks faster, spend a greater percentage of task time sketching, reduced the feeling of mental tiredness and improved the feeling of sketch efficiency in room-scale sketching. We discuss these findings and share our insights and conclusions to advance the research on improving spatial cognition in immersive sketching systems.

  @article{monty2025improving, abstract = {Immersive 3D mid-air sketching systems liberate users from the confines of traditional 2D sketching canvases. However, complications from perceptual challenges in Virtual Reality (VR), combined with the ergonomic and cognitive challenges of sketching in all three dimensions in mid-air lower the accuracy and aesthetic quality of 3D sketches. This paper explores how color-to-depth and opacity cues support users to create and perceive freehand, 3D strokes in room-scale sketching, unlocking a full 360° of freedom for creation. We implemented three graphic depth shader cues modifying the (1) alpha, (2) hue, and (3) value levels of a single color to dynamically adjust the color and transparency of meshes relative to their depth from the user. We investigated how these depth cues influence sketch efficiency, sketch quality, and total sketch experience with 24 participants in a comparative, counterbalanced, 4 x 1 within-subjects user study. First, with our graphic depth shader cues we could successfully transfer results of prior research in seated sketching tasks to room-scale scenarios. Our color-to-depth cues improved the similarity of sketches to target models. This highlights the usefulness of the color-to-depth approach even for the increased range of motion and depth in room-scale sketching. Second, our shaders assisted participants to complete tasks faster, spend a greater percentage of task time sketching, reduced the feeling of mental tiredness and improved the feeling of sketch efficiency in room-scale sketching. We discuss these findings and share our insights and conclusions to advance the research on improving spatial cognition in immersive sketching systems.}, author = {Monty, Samantha and Mevißen, Dennis Alexander and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {myown}, note = {To be published.}, title = {Improving Mid-Air Sketching in Room-Scale Virtual Reality with Dynamic Color-to-Depth and Opacity Cues}, year = 2025 }
• Limitations Using Energy Intensity and General Energy Efficiency of 6G-Ready IoT Devices. Loh, Frank; Amir, Monisha; Mehling, Noah; Vomhoff, Viktoria; Blumenröder, Julius; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-article-2025-3, author = {Loh, Frank and Amir, Monisha and Mehling, Noah and Vomhoff, Viktoria and Blumenröder, Julius and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium}, keywords = {5gqmon}, title = {Limitations Using Energy Intensity and General Energy Efficiency of 6G-Ready IoT Devices}, year = 2025 }
• {Digital Twin for Analog Mars Missions: Investigating Local Positioning Alternatives for GNSS-Denied Environments}. Reimeir, B.; Leininger, A.; Edlinger, R.; N{ü}chter, A.; Gr{ö}mer, G. In Sensors, 25(15). 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Future planetary exploration missions will rely heavily on efficient human–robot interaction to ensure astronaut safety and maximize scientific return. In this context, digital twins offer a promising tool for planning, simulating, and optimizing extravehicular activities. This study presents the development and evaluation of a digital twin for the AMADEE-24 analog Mars mission, organized by the Austrian Space Forum and conducted in Armenia in March 2024. Alternative local positioning methods were evaluated to enhance the system’s utility in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied environments. The digital twin integrates telemetry from the Aouda space suit simulators, inertial measurement unit motion capture (IMU-MoCap), and sensor data from the Intuitive Rover Operation and Collecting Samples (iROCS) rover. All nine experiment runs were reconstructed successfully by the developed digital twin. A comparative analysis of localization methods found that Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM)-based rover positioning and IMU-MoCap localization of the astronaut matched Global Positioning System (GPS) performance. Adaptive Cluster Detection showed significantly higher deviations compared to the previous GNSS alternatives. However, the IMU-MoCap method was limited by discontinuous segment-wise measurements, which required intermittent GPS recalibration. Despite these limitations, the results highlight the potential of alternative localization techniques for digital twin integration.

  @article{SENSORS2025, abstract = {Future planetary exploration missions will rely heavily on efficient human–robot interaction to ensure astronaut safety and maximize scientific return. In this context, digital twins offer a promising tool for planning, simulating, and optimizing extravehicular activities. This study presents the development and evaluation of a digital twin for the AMADEE-24 analog Mars mission, organized by the Austrian Space Forum and conducted in Armenia in March 2024. Alternative local positioning methods were evaluated to enhance the system’s utility in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-denied environments. The digital twin integrates telemetry from the Aouda space suit simulators, inertial measurement unit motion capture (IMU-MoCap), and sensor data from the Intuitive Rover Operation and Collecting Samples (iROCS) rover. All nine experiment runs were reconstructed successfully by the developed digital twin. A comparative analysis of localization methods found that Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM)-based rover positioning and IMU-MoCap localization of the astronaut matched Global Positioning System (GPS) performance. Adaptive Cluster Detection showed significantly higher deviations compared to the previous GNSS alternatives. However, the IMU-MoCap method was limited by discontinuous segment-wise measurements, which required intermittent GPS recalibration. Despite these limitations, the results highlight the potential of alternative localization techniques for digital twin integration.}, author = {Reimeir, B. and Leininger, A. and Edlinger, R. and N{\"u}chter, A. and Gr{\"o}mer, G.}, journal = {Sensors}, keywords = {author}, number = 15, title = {{Digital Twin for Analog Mars Missions: Investigating Local Positioning Alternatives for GNSS-Denied Environments}}, volume = 25, year = 2025 }
• eCBRo - Easy Case-Based Reasoning Ontology. Korger, Andreas; Baumeister, Joachim. In FGWM Workshop 2025: Workshop der GI-Fachgruppe Wissensmanagement. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{noauthororeditor, author = {Korger, Andreas and Baumeister, Joachim}, booktitle = {FGWM Workshop 2025: Workshop der GI-Fachgruppe Wissensmanagement}, keywords = {coom}, title = {eCBRo - Easy Case-Based Reasoning Ontology}, year = 2025 }
• Benchmarking of Localization and People Detection Algorithms for Mobile Robots in Industrial Environments. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Spieß, Florian. PhD dissertation. Universit{"a}t W{"u}rzburg, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @phdthesis{Spiess2025, author = {Spieß, Florian}, keywords = {descartes}, school = {Universit{"a}t W{"u}rzburg}, title = {Benchmarking of Localization and People Detection Algorithms for Mobile Robots in Industrial Environments}, type = {doctoralthesis}, year = 2025 }
• The Impact of Performance-Specific Feedback from a Virtual Coach in a Virtual Reality Exercise Application. Zimmerer, Andrea; Bartels, Lydia; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), pp. 1031–1041. IEEE Computer Society, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Virtual reality (VR) exercise applications are promising tools, e.g., for at-home training and rehabilitation. However, existing applications vary significantly in key design choices such as environments, embodiment, and virtual coaching, making it difficult to derive clear design guidelines. A prominent design choice is the use of embodied virtual coaches, which guide user interaction and provide feedback. In a user study with 76 participants, we investigated how different levels of performance specificity in feedback from an embodied virtual coach affect intermediate factors, such as VR experience, motivation, and coach perception. Participants performed lower-body movement exercises, i.e., Leg Raises and Knee Extensions, commonly used in knee rehabilitation. We found that highly performance-specific feedback led to higher scores compared to medium specificity for perceived realism, as well as the anthropomorphism and sympathy of the virtual coach, but did not affect motivation. Based on our findings, we propose the design suggestion to include precise, performance-specific details when creating feedback for a virtual coach. We observed a descriptive pattern of higher scores in the low specificity condition compared to the medium condition on most measures, which raises the possibility that less specific feedback may, in some cases, be perceived more positively than moderately specific feedback. These findings provide valuable insights into how design choices impact relevant intermediate factors that are crucial for maximizing both workout effectiveness and the quality of the virtual coaching experience.

  @inproceedings{zimmerer2025feedback, abstract = {Virtual reality (VR) exercise applications are promising tools, e.g., for at-home training and rehabilitation. However, existing applications vary significantly in key design choices such as environments, embodiment, and virtual coaching, making it difficult to derive clear design guidelines. A prominent design choice is the use of embodied virtual coaches, which guide user interaction and provide feedback. In a user study with 76 participants, we investigated how different levels of performance specificity in feedback from an embodied virtual coach affect intermediate factors, such as VR experience, motivation, and coach perception. Participants performed lower-body movement exercises, i.e., Leg Raises and Knee Extensions, commonly used in knee rehabilitation. We found that highly performance-specific feedback led to higher scores compared to medium specificity for perceived realism, as well as the anthropomorphism and sympathy of the virtual coach, but did not affect motivation. Based on our findings, we propose the design suggestion to include precise, performance-specific details when creating feedback for a virtual coach. We observed a descriptive pattern of higher scores in the low specificity condition compared to the medium condition on most measures, which raises the possibility that less specific feedback may, in some cases, be perceived more positively than moderately specific feedback. These findings provide valuable insights into how design choices impact relevant intermediate factors that are crucial for maximizing both workout effectiveness and the quality of the virtual coaching experience.}, author = {Zimmerer, Andrea and Bartels, Lydia and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {emlab}, pages = {1031-1041}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, title = {The Impact of Performance-Specific Feedback from a Virtual Coach in a Virtual Reality Exercise Application}, year = 2025 }
• Optimizing Wiggle in Storylines. Dobler, Alexander; Hegemann, Tim; Nöllenburg, Martin; Wolff, Alexander. In Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD), Vol. 357 of LIPIcs, F. Montecchiani, V. Dujmović (eds.), pp. 39:1–39:17. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  A storyline visualization shows interactions between characters over time. Each character is represented by an x-monotone curve. Time is mapped to the x-axis, and groups of characters that interact at a particular point t in time must be ordered consecutively in the y-dimension at x = t. The predominant objective in storyline optimization so far has been the minimization of crossings between (blocks of) characters. Building on this work, we investigate another important, but less studied quality criterion, namely the minimization of wiggle, i.e., the amount of vertical movement of the characters over time. Given a storyline instance together with an ordering of the characters at any point in time, we show that wiggle count minimization is NP-complete. In contrast, we provide algorithms based on mathematical programming to solve linear wiggle height minimization and quadratic wiggle height minimization efficiently. Finally, we introduce a new method for routing character curves that focuses on keeping distances between neighboring curves constant as long as they run in parallel. We have implemented our algorithms, and we conduct a case study that explores the differences between the three optimization objectives. We use existing benchmark data, but we also present a new use case for storylines, namely the visualization of rolling stock schedules in railway operation.

  @inproceedings{lipics.gd.2025.39, abstract = {A storyline visualization shows interactions between characters over time. Each character is represented by an x-monotone curve. Time is mapped to the x-axis, and groups of characters that interact at a particular point t in time must be ordered consecutively in the y-dimension at x = t. The predominant objective in storyline optimization so far has been the minimization of crossings between (blocks of) characters. Building on this work, we investigate another important, but less studied quality criterion, namely the minimization of wiggle, i.e., the amount of vertical movement of the characters over time. Given a storyline instance together with an ordering of the characters at any point in time, we show that wiggle count minimization is NP-complete. In contrast, we provide algorithms based on mathematical programming to solve linear wiggle height minimization and quadratic wiggle height minimization efficiently. Finally, we introduce a new method for routing character curves that focuses on keeping distances between neighboring curves constant as long as they run in parallel. We have implemented our algorithms, and we conduct a case study that explores the differences between the three optimization objectives. We use existing benchmark data, but we also present a new use case for storylines, namely the visualization of rolling stock schedules in railway operation.}, author = {Dobler, Alexander and Hegemann, Tim and Nöllenburg, Martin and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD)}, editor = {Montecchiani, Fabrizio and Dujmović, Vida}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {39:1-39:17}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Optimizing Wiggle in Storylines}, volume = 357, year = 2025 }
• A Systematic Review of Fusion Methods for the User-Centered Design of Multimodal Interfaces. Heinrich, Ronja; Zimmerer, Chris; Fischbach, Martin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI ’25). Association for Computing Machinery, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This systematic review investigates the current state of research on multimodal fusion methods, i.e., the joint analysis of multimodal inputs, for intentional, instruction-based human-computer interactions, focusing on the combination of speech and spatially expressive modalities such as gestures, touch, pen, and gaze. We examine 50 systems from a User-Centered Design perspective, categorizing them by modality combinations, fusion strategies, application domains and media, as well as reusability. Our findings highlight a predominance of descriptive late fusion methods, limited reusability, and a lack of standardized tool support, hampering rapid prototyping and broader applicability. We identify emerging trends in machine learning-based fusion and outline future research directions to advance reusable and user-centered multimodal systems.

  @inproceedings{heinrich2025systematic, abstract = {This systematic review investigates the current state of research on multimodal fusion methods, i.e., the joint analysis of multimodal inputs, for intentional, instruction-based human-computer interactions, focusing on the combination of speech and spatially expressive modalities such as gestures, touch, pen, and gaze. We examine 50 systems from a User-Centered Design perspective, categorizing them by modality combinations, fusion strategies, application domains and media, as well as reusability. Our findings highlight a predominance of descriptive late fusion methods, limited reusability, and a lack of standardized tool support, hampering rapid prototyping and broader applicability. We identify emerging trends in machine learning-based fusion and outline future research directions to advance reusable and user-centered multimodal systems.}, author = {Heinrich, Ronja and Zimmerer, Chris and Fischbach, Martin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI '25)}, keywords = {mmi}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {A Systematic Review of Fusion Methods for the User-Centered Design of Multimodal Interfaces}, year = 2025 }
• Causal Latency Modelling for Cloud Microservices. Lohse, Christopher; Tsutsumi, Diego; Ba, Amadou; Harsha, Pavithra; Subramanian, Chitra; Straesser, Martin; Ruffini, Marco. In 2025 IEEE 18th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{lohse2025causal, author = {Lohse, Christopher and Tsutsumi, Diego and Ba, Amadou and Harsha, Pavithra and Subramanian, Chitra and Straesser, Martin and Ruffini, Marco}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE 18th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD)}, keywords = {microservices}, title = {Causal Latency Modelling for Cloud Microservices}, year = 2025 }
• The Stability of Plausibility and Presence in Claustrophobic Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy. Grause, Joanna; Brübach, Larissa; Westermeier, Franziska; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the Mensch Und Computer 2025, of MuC ’25, pp. 181–192. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{noauthororeditor2025stability, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Grause, Joanna and Brübach, Larissa and Westermeier, Franziska and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Mensch Und Computer 2025}, keywords = {xrhub}, pages = {181–192}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {MuC '25}, title = {The Stability of Plausibility and Presence in Claustrophobic Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy}, year = 2025 }
• VIA-VR: A Platform to Streamline the Development of Virtual Reality Serious Games for Healthcare. Truman, Samuel; Von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2025 IEEE 38th International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS), pp. 463–468. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{11058787, author = {Truman, Samuel and Von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE 38th International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS)}, keywords = {platform}, pages = {463-468}, title = {VIA-VR: A Platform to Streamline the Development of Virtual Reality Serious Games for Healthcare}, year = 2025 }
• Multimodal Interaction in Virtual and Extended Reality. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Zimmerer, Chris. PhD dissertation. Universit{ä}t W{ü}rzburg, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @phdthesis{Zimmerer2025, author = {Zimmerer, Chris}, keywords = {mmi}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, title = {Multimodal Interaction in Virtual and Extended Reality}, type = {doctoralthesis}, year = 2025 }
• Double Jeopardy? – An Investigation of the Cumulative Disadvantage of Intersectional Bias in Virtual Reality. Bediako Akuffo, Ohenewa; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 25th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, of IVA ’25. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{10.1145/3717511.3747076, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Bediako Akuffo, Ohenewa and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents}, keywords = {sia}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {IVA '25}, title = {Double Jeopardy? – An Investigation of the Cumulative Disadvantage of Intersectional Bias in Virtual Reality}, year = 2025 }
• Energy Use in Data Centers: Current Figures and Trends. Hoßfeld, Tobias. In VDE ITG News. VDE ITG, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{https://doi.org/10.25972/opus-41670, author = {Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {VDE ITG News}, keywords = {greenfield}, publisher = {VDE ITG}, title = {Energy Use in Data Centers: Current Figures and Trends}, year = 2025 }
• Breaking Immersion Barriers: Smartphone Viability in Asymmetric Virtual Collaboration. Merz, Christian; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In CHI 25 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  As demand grows for cross-device collaboration in virtual environments, users increasingly join shared spaces on varying hardware ranging from head-mounted displays (HMDs) to everyday lower-immersion smartphones. This paper investigates smartphone-based participation compared with fully immersive VR in dyadic asymmetric interaction. One participant joins via an HMD, while the other uses a smartphone. Through a collaborative sorting task, we evaluate self-perception (presence, embodiment), other-perception (co-presence, social presence, avatar plausibility), and task-perception (task load, enjoyment). We compare our results with previous work that examined VR-VR and desktop-VR pairings. The results show that smartphone users report lower self-perception than VR users. However, other-perception remains comparable to immersive setups. Interestingly, smartphone participants experience lower mental demand. It appears that device familiarity and intuitive interfaces can compensate for reduced immersion. Overall, our work highlights the viability of smartphones for asymmetric interaction, offering high accessibility without impairing social interaction.

  @inproceedings{merz2025smartphone, abstract = {As demand grows for cross-device collaboration in virtual environments, users increasingly join shared spaces on varying hardware ranging from head-mounted displays (HMDs) to everyday lower-immersion smartphones. This paper investigates smartphone-based participation compared with fully immersive VR in dyadic asymmetric interaction. One participant joins via an HMD, while the other uses a smartphone. Through a collaborative sorting task, we evaluate self-perception (presence, embodiment), other-perception (co-presence, social presence, avatar plausibility), and task-perception (task load, enjoyment). We compare our results with previous work that examined VR-VR and desktop-VR pairings. The results show that smartphone users report lower self-perception than VR users. However, other-perception remains comparable to immersive setups. Interestingly, smartphone participants experience lower mental demand. It appears that device familiarity and intuitive interfaces can compensate for reduced immersion. Overall, our work highlights the viability of smartphones for asymmetric interaction, offering high accessibility without impairing social interaction.}, author = {Merz, Christian and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {CHI 25 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts}, keywords = {merz}, title = {Breaking Immersion Barriers: Smartphone Viability in Asymmetric Virtual Collaboration}, year = 2025 }
• {KI} in der {R}obotik. {F}lexible und anpassbare Systeme durch interaktives {L}ernen. Beyerer, J.; Kirchner, E.; Andre, E.; Behnke, S.; Bloss, G.; Dzaack, J.; Egloffstein, T.; Griepentrog, H. W.; Gustmann, M.; Hafner, V. V.; Koert, D.; N{ü}chter, A.; Seyler, J.; Straube, S.; Tchouchenkov, I.; Stryk, O.; Wedler, A.; Wolf-Ostermann, K.; Zimmermann, M. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Die Fähigkeit, Robotiksysteme einfach und intuitiv an Menschen, neue Aufgaben und Kontexte anzupassen, ist essenziell, um das Potenzial dieser Technologie für die Bewältigung vieler Herausforderungen unserer Zeit auszuschöpfen - sei es der Erhalt und Ausbau der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, technologische Souveränität, demographischer Wandel oder der Aufbau einer Kreislaufwirtschaft. Die rasante Entwicklung im Bereich des maschinellen Lernens der letzten Jahre, aber auch sinkende Kosten bei Robotern und Komponenten sowie die gestiegene Rechenleistung führen zu einem optimistischen Klima in der Robotik. Menschennahe und adaptive Anwendungen der Robotik in sozialen Umgebungen scheinen daher perspektivisch umsetzbar, die bisher nicht oder nur sehr schwer realisierbar waren, beispielsweise im Dienstleistungsbereich, im Handwerk, im Alltag, im Haushalt oder in der Pflege. Dennoch gilt es sicherheitsrelevante Herausforderungen zu adressieren, die die Entwicklung dieser Technologie begleiten. Denn trotz ihres Potenzials für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft und ihrer technologischen Möglichkeiten bleibt die Gestaltung sicherer und zuverlässiger Roboter ein zentrales Thema, ebenso wie die Frage nach der Wirtschaftlichkeit. Expertinnen und Experten der Arbeitsgruppe Lernfähige Robotiksysteme der Plattform Lernende Systeme widmen sich in diesem Whitepaper dem Thema der interaktiven, lernfähigen Robotik - vornehmlich aus technologischer Sicht unter Berücksichtigung der Aspekte funktionale Sicherheit und Wirtschaftlichkeit. Zunächst werden die technologischen, gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen dargestellt, die dieser Technologie eine vielversprechende Zukunft bescheinigen. Was unter lernfähigen und interaktiven Robotiksystemen zu verstehen ist, wird zunächst definiert, und verschiedene Arten des Lernens in der realen wie virtuellen Welt werden vorgestellt. Sieben Anwendungsbeispiele zeigen, wo und wie interaktive, lernfähige Roboter in naher sowie ferner Zukunft unterstützen können - sei es in der Landwirtschaft, im Gesundheitswesen, im Recycling oder im Weltraum. Dabei werden auch Anforderungen und mögliche Hürden benannt. Aus der Bandbreite der Anwendungsfälle werden Synergien, Besonderheiten und Fokusthemen ermittelt, die in Gestaltungsoptionen für Forschung und Entwicklung, für den Transfer und für den gesellschaftlichen Dialog münden. Dies mit Blick auf modulare Komponenten, technische Integration oder Weiterentwicklung von Sicherheitskonzepten sowie Maßnahmen zu Open-Source-Modulbibliotheken, Testumgebungen oder integrierte und partizipative Forschung.

  @misc{LS2025, abstract = {Die Fähigkeit, Robotiksysteme einfach und intuitiv an Menschen, neue Aufgaben und Kontexte anzupassen, ist essenziell, um das Potenzial dieser Technologie für die Bewältigung vieler Herausforderungen unserer Zeit auszuschöpfen - sei es der Erhalt und Ausbau der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, technologische Souveränität, demographischer Wandel oder der Aufbau einer Kreislaufwirtschaft. Die rasante Entwicklung im Bereich des maschinellen Lernens der letzten Jahre, aber auch sinkende Kosten bei Robotern und Komponenten sowie die gestiegene Rechenleistung führen zu einem optimistischen Klima in der Robotik. Menschennahe und adaptive Anwendungen der Robotik in sozialen Umgebungen scheinen daher perspektivisch umsetzbar, die bisher nicht oder nur sehr schwer realisierbar waren, beispielsweise im Dienstleistungsbereich, im Handwerk, im Alltag, im Haushalt oder in der Pflege. Dennoch gilt es sicherheitsrelevante Herausforderungen zu adressieren, die die Entwicklung dieser Technologie begleiten. Denn trotz ihres Potenzials für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft und ihrer technologischen Möglichkeiten bleibt die Gestaltung sicherer und zuverlässiger Roboter ein zentrales Thema, ebenso wie die Frage nach der Wirtschaftlichkeit. Expertinnen und Experten der Arbeitsgruppe Lernfähige Robotiksysteme der Plattform Lernende Systeme widmen sich in diesem Whitepaper dem Thema der interaktiven, lernfähigen Robotik - vornehmlich aus technologischer Sicht unter Berücksichtigung der Aspekte funktionale Sicherheit und Wirtschaftlichkeit. Zunächst werden die technologischen, gesellschaftlichen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen dargestellt, die dieser Technologie eine vielversprechende Zukunft bescheinigen. Was unter lernfähigen und interaktiven Robotiksystemen zu verstehen ist, wird zunächst definiert, und verschiedene Arten des Lernens in der realen wie virtuellen Welt werden vorgestellt. Sieben Anwendungsbeispiele zeigen, wo und wie interaktive, lernfähige Roboter in naher sowie ferner Zukunft unterstützen können - sei es in der Landwirtschaft, im Gesundheitswesen, im Recycling oder im Weltraum. Dabei werden auch Anforderungen und mögliche Hürden benannt. Aus der Bandbreite der Anwendungsfälle werden Synergien, Besonderheiten und Fokusthemen ermittelt, die in Gestaltungsoptionen für Forschung und Entwicklung, für den Transfer und für den gesellschaftlichen Dialog münden. Dies mit Blick auf modulare Komponenten, technische Integration oder Weiterentwicklung von Sicherheitskonzepten sowie Maßnahmen zu Open-Source-Modulbibliotheken, Testumgebungen oder integrierte und partizipative Forschung.}, author = {Beyerer, J. and Kirchner, E. and Andre, E. and Behnke, S. and Bloss, G. and Dzaack, J. and Egloffstein, T. and Griepentrog, H. W. and Gustmann, M. and Hafner, V. V. and Koert, D. and N{\"u}chter, A. and Seyler, J. and Straube, S. and Tchouchenkov, I. and Stryk, O. and Wedler, A. and Wolf-Ostermann, K. and Zimmermann, M.}, keywords = {author}, title = {{KI} in der {R}obotik. {F}lexible und anpassbare Systeme durch interaktives {L}ernen}, year = 2025 }
• Deep learning on 3D point clouds for fast pose estimation during satellite rendezvous. Renaut, L.; Frei, H.; N{ü}chter, A. In Acta Astronautica, 232, pp. 231–243. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Light detection and ranging (lidar) is valuable during non-cooperative space rendezvous scenarios. By processing the 3D point clouds, it is possible to provide a navigation solution, consisting of an estimate of the relative pose of the approached spacecraft. To enable a safe rendezvous, the pose estimation has to be precise, but also robust if the output is used as a primary navigation solution. Navigation has to be performed in real-time, and onboard computing hardware has a reduced processing capability. Therefore, the real-time requirement is a main driver of the design. Additionally, a spacecraft often has a symmetrical shape. In this case, the pose estimation method has to account for the fact that multiple attitudes represent the same configuration. This work investigates the use of a point-based neural network, or 3D neural network, for the pose estimation task. This network is integrated in a full pose estimation pipeline, where every component is optimized to achieve real-time requirements on a representative onboard computing hardware. After pre-processing, the neural network produces a relative position and attitude estimation in a single-stage, where the attitude estimation considers the symmetries of the spacecraft. Furthermore, a high-fidelity lidar simulator is used, which enables to generate an extensive synthetic dataset. The method is trained and optimized solely on synthetic data. After training, the pose estimation is evaluated on real lidar data acquired at a hardware-in-the-loop rendezvous facility. Results highlight that the method is accurate and robust, without a loss in performance when evaluated on real data. Finally, the flight-readiness is demonstrated by runtime evaluations on an onboard computer candidate, showing that the method is suited for real-time processing.

  @article{actaastro2025, abstract = {Light detection and ranging (lidar) is valuable during non-cooperative space rendezvous scenarios. By processing the 3D point clouds, it is possible to provide a navigation solution, consisting of an estimate of the relative pose of the approached spacecraft. To enable a safe rendezvous, the pose estimation has to be precise, but also robust if the output is used as a primary navigation solution. Navigation has to be performed in real-time, and onboard computing hardware has a reduced processing capability. Therefore, the real-time requirement is a main driver of the design. Additionally, a spacecraft often has a symmetrical shape. In this case, the pose estimation method has to account for the fact that multiple attitudes represent the same configuration. This work investigates the use of a point-based neural network, or 3D neural network, for the pose estimation task. This network is integrated in a full pose estimation pipeline, where every component is optimized to achieve real-time requirements on a representative onboard computing hardware. After pre-processing, the neural network produces a relative position and attitude estimation in a single-stage, where the attitude estimation considers the symmetries of the spacecraft. Furthermore, a high-fidelity lidar simulator is used, which enables to generate an extensive synthetic dataset. The method is trained and optimized solely on synthetic data. After training, the pose estimation is evaluated on real lidar data acquired at a hardware-in-the-loop rendezvous facility. Results highlight that the method is accurate and robust, without a loss in performance when evaluated on real data. Finally, the flight-readiness is demonstrated by runtime evaluations on an onboard computer candidate, showing that the method is suited for real-time processing.}, author = {Renaut, L. and Frei, H. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {Acta Astronautica}, keywords = {author}, pages = {231–243}, title = {Deep learning on 3D point clouds for fast pose estimation during satellite rendezvous}, volume = 232, year = 2025 }
• Clustering to Minimize Cluster-Aware Norm Objectives. Herold, Martin G.; Kipouridis, Evangelos; Spoerhase, Joachim. In Proc. 36th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (SODA’25). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{herold2025clustering, author = {Herold, Martin G. and Kipouridis, Evangelos and Spoerhase, Joachim}, booktitle = {Proc. 36th Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (SODA'25)}, keywords = {key}, title = {Clustering to Minimize Cluster-Aware Norm Objectives}, year = 2025 }
• State Wide Mobile Network Quality Study Along the Bavarian Roads in Germany. Loh, Frank; Höpfl, Leon; Hock, David; Lipp, Fabian; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-14, author = {Loh, Frank and Höpfl, Leon and Hock, David and Lipp, Fabian and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium}, keywords = {5gqmon}, title = {State Wide Mobile Network Quality Study Along the Bavarian Roads in Germany}, year = 2025 }
• Unbent Collections of Orthogonal Drawings. Antić, Todor; Liotta, Giuseppe; Masařík, Tomáš; Ortali, Giacomo; Pfretzschner, Matthias; Stumpf, Peter; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 51st Int. Workshop Graph-Theoretic Concepts Comput. Sci. (WG), of LNCS, H. Fernau, P. Kindermann (eds.). Springer, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{almopswz-ucod-WG25, author = {Antić, Todor and Liotta, Giuseppe and Masařík, Tom\'aš and Ortali, Giacomo and Pfretzschner, Matthias and Stumpf, Peter and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 51st Int. Workshop Graph-Theoretic Concepts Comput. Sci. (WG)}, editor = {Fernau, Henning and Kindermann, Philipp}, keywords = {myown}, note = {To appear.}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {LNCS}, title = {Unbent Collections of Orthogonal Drawings}, year = 2025 }
• Causal Discovery for Cloud Microservice Architectures. Lohse, Christopher; Tsutsumi, Diego; Ba, Amadou; Harsha, Pavithra; Subramanian, Chitra K; Straesser, Martin; Ruffini, Marco. In AAAI 2025 Workshop on Deployable AI. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{lohse2025causal, author = {Lohse, Christopher and Tsutsumi, Diego and Ba, Amadou and Harsha, Pavithra and Subramanian, Chitra K and Straesser, Martin and Ruffini, Marco}, booktitle = {AAAI 2025 Workshop on Deployable AI}, keywords = {t_workshop}, title = {Causal Discovery for Cloud Microservice Architectures}, year = 2025 }
• Power consumption and energy efficiency assessment of fiber optic SFP modules. Mehling, Noah; Loh, Frank; Schardt, Simon; Hock, David; Lindlein, Marco; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on 6G Networks (WueWoWAS’25). Universität Würzburg, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{https://doi.org/10.25972/opus-42470, author = {Mehling, Noah and Loh, Frank and Schardt, Simon and Hock, David and Lindlein, Marco and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on 6G Networks (WueWoWAS’25)}, keywords = {greenfield}, publisher = {Universität Würzburg}, title = {Power consumption and energy efficiency assessment of fiber optic SFP modules}, year = 2025 }
• PARAGRAPH: Phase-Aware Resource Demand Profiling for HPDA/HPC Jobs. Rohwer, Ivo; Herbst, Nikolas; Schwinger, Maximilian; Friedl, Peter; Stephan, Michael; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, pp. 3–10. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{rohwer2025paragraph, author = {Rohwer, Ivo and Herbst, Nikolas and Schwinger, Maximilian and Friedl, Peter and Stephan, Michael and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {3–10}, title = {PARAGRAPH: Phase-Aware Resource Demand Profiling for HPDA/HPC Jobs}, year = 2025 }
• Systematic Review of Satellite-Based Earth Observation Applications for Wildlife Ecology Research in Terrestrial Polar and Mountain Regions. Wehner, Helena; Dietz, Andreas; Kounev, Samuel; Kuenzer, Claudia. In Remote Sensing, 17(16). 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The extreme conditions of polar and mountain regions foster uniquely adapted wildlife. Given that climate shifts are more extreme in those regions, monitoring animal species is essential for effective conservation measures. Earth observation data offer considerable advantages in areas that are difficult to reach using traditional ground-based methods. This systematic review, based on 145 SCI-journal publications between 2000 and 2024, examines how Earth observation is used in wildlife ecology research in these regions. We give an extensive overview of the Earth observation sensors used, spatial and temporal resolution of studies, studied animal species, methods used, amount of aerial imagery linked to satellite-based Earth observation, and research objectives. Bird (52 studies) and ungulate (38 studies) species are primarily investigated in relation to animal monitoring, distribution and foraging behavior. Products of Landsat (63 studies) and MODIS (52 studies) are used in most reviewed studies, but the potential of freely available, higher spatial and temporal resolution data like Sentinel-2 (seven studies), as well as AI methods are not yet fully utilized. Linking Earth observation data in polar and mountain regions to wildlife ecology research should be facilitated by encouraging interdisciplinary working groups. Two major crises can be tackled at once, climate change and biodiversity loss.

  @article{rs17162780, abstract = {The extreme conditions of polar and mountain regions foster uniquely adapted wildlife. Given that climate shifts are more extreme in those regions, monitoring animal species is essential for effective conservation measures. Earth observation data offer considerable advantages in areas that are difficult to reach using traditional ground-based methods. This systematic review, based on 145 SCI-journal publications between 2000 and 2024, examines how Earth observation is used in wildlife ecology research in these regions. We give an extensive overview of the Earth observation sensors used, spatial and temporal resolution of studies, studied animal species, methods used, amount of aerial imagery linked to satellite-based Earth observation, and research objectives. Bird (52 studies) and ungulate (38 studies) species are primarily investigated in relation to animal monitoring, distribution and foraging behavior. Products of Landsat (63 studies) and MODIS (52 studies) are used in most reviewed studies, but the potential of freely available, higher spatial and temporal resolution data like Sentinel-2 (seven studies), as well as AI methods are not yet fully utilized. Linking Earth observation data in polar and mountain regions to wildlife ecology research should be facilitated by encouraging interdisciplinary working groups. Two major crises can be tackled at once, climate change and biodiversity loss.}, author = {Wehner, Helena and Dietz, Andreas and Kounev, Samuel and Kuenzer, Claudia}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, number = 16, title = {Systematic Review of Satellite-Based Earth Observation Applications for Wildlife Ecology Research in Terrestrial Polar and Mountain Regions}, volume = 17, year = 2025 }
• Motion-Based User Identification across XR and Metaverse Applications by Deep Classification and Similarity Learning. Schach, Lukas; Rack, Christian; McMahan, Ryan P.; Latoschik, Marc Erich. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{schach2025motionbaseduseridentificationxr, author = {Schach, Lukas and Rack, Christian and McMahan, Ryan P. and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, keywords = {schell}, title = {Motion-Based User Identification across XR and Metaverse Applications by Deep Classification and Similarity Learning}, year = 2025 }
• Understanding Energy Efficiency in Communication Networks: Example of an Idealized 6G Base Station. Hossfeld, Tobias; Wunderer, Stefan; Loh, Frank; Hock, David; Schien, Daniel. In IEEE Communications Magazine, pp. 1–7. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Energy efficiency (EE) metrics are important tools to support evaluation and management of communication networks, and are of key interest in the development of the upcoming 6G network strategy. Because of their utility, EE metrics are widely used by network operators, in standards and in research. However, metrics suit varying evaluation purposes more or less well, yet are not always presented or applied consistently; for example when predicting future EC based on previously measured energy values. With this in mind, we provide a classification of existing EE metrics and how they differ; including energy intensity (EI), bit-per-joule efficiency, consumption- related EE, and output-related EE. We illustrate their use and limitations through the micro view of an idealized 6G base station (BS). Additionally, we also consider the application of EE metrics to evaluate the macro view of a number of BSs providing coverage in a certain area. In this case, EE metrics are used as a tool to evaluate systemlevel properties. Specifically, we illustrate their use to evaluate how BS sleep control can approximate an energy- proportional ideal system in a high-load regime.

  @article{11098640, abstract = {Energy efficiency (EE) metrics are important tools to support evaluation and management of communication networks, and are of key interest in the development of the upcoming 6G network strategy. Because of their utility, EE metrics are widely used by network operators, in standards and in research. However, metrics suit varying evaluation purposes more or less well, yet are not always presented or applied consistently; for example when predicting future EC based on previously measured energy values. With this in mind, we provide a classification of existing EE metrics and how they differ; including energy intensity (EI), bit-per-joule efficiency, consumption- related EE, and output-related EE. We illustrate their use and limitations through the micro view of an idealized 6G base station (BS). Additionally, we also consider the application of EE metrics to evaluate the macro view of a number of BSs providing coverage in a certain area. In this case, EE metrics are used as a tool to evaluate systemlevel properties. Specifically, we illustrate their use to evaluate how BS sleep control can approximate an energy- proportional ideal system in a high-load regime.}, author = {Hossfeld, Tobias and Wunderer, Stefan and Loh, Frank and Hock, David and Schien, Daniel}, journal = {IEEE Communications Magazine}, keywords = {greenfield}, pages = {1-7}, title = {Understanding Energy Efficiency in Communication Networks: Example of an Idealized 6G Base Station}, year = 2025 }
• Benchmarking and Modeling of Container Orchestration Frameworks as a Basis of Modern Cloud Applications. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Straesser, Martin. PhD dissertation. Universit{ä}t W{ü}rzburg, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @phdthesis{Straesser2025PhD, author = {Straesser, Martin}, keywords = {descartes}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, title = {Benchmarking and Modeling of Container Orchestration Frameworks as a Basis of Modern Cloud Applications}, type = {doctoralthesis}, year = 2025 }
• An AI-Driven Card Playing Robot: An Empirical Study on Communicative Style and Embodiment with Elderly Adults. Banck, Michael; Ganal, Elisabeth; Weichert, Hanna-Finja; Puppe, Frank; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2025). IFAAMAS, Detroit, Michigan, USA, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{banck2025cardrobot, address = {Detroit, Michigan, USA}, author = {Banck, Michael and Ganal, Elisabeth and Weichert, Hanna-Finja and Puppe, Frank and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2025)}, keywords = {sia}, note = {10 pages}, publisher = {IFAAMAS}, title = {An AI-Driven Card Playing Robot: An Empirical Study on Communicative Style and Embodiment with Elderly Adults}, year = 2025 }
• The Price of Upwardness. Angelini, Patrizio; Biedl, Therese; Chimani, Markus; Cornelsen, Sabine; {Da Lozzo}, Giordano; Hong, Seok-Hee; Liotta, Giuseppe; Patrignani, Maurizio; Pupyrev, Sergey; Rutter, Ignaz; Wolff, Alexander. In Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science, 27(3), pp. 5:1–5:30. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Not every directed acyclic graph (DAG) whose underlying undirected graph is planar admits an upward planar drawing. We are interested in pushing the notion of upward drawings beyond planarity by considering upward $k$-planar drawings of DAGs in which the edges are monotonically increasing in a common direction and every edge is crossed at most $k$ times for some integer $k \ge 1$. We show that the number of crossings per edge in a monotone drawing is in general unbounded for the class of bipartite outerplanar, cubic, or bounded pathwidth DAGs. However, it is at most two for outerpaths and it is at most quadratic in the bandwidth in general. From the computational point of view, we prove that testing upward $k$-planarity is NP-complete already for $k =1$ and even for restricted instances for which upward planarity testing is polynomial. On the positive side, we can decide in linear time whether a single-source DAG admits an upward $1$-planar drawing in which all vertices are incident to the outer face.

  @article{abccdhlpprw-pu-DMTCS25, abstract = {Not every directed acyclic graph (DAG) whose underlying undirected graph is planar admits an upward planar drawing. We are interested in pushing the notion of upward drawings beyond planarity by considering upward $k$-planar drawings of DAGs in which the edges are monotonically increasing in a common direction and every edge is crossed at most $k$ times for some integer $k \ge 1$. We show that the number of crossings per edge in a monotone drawing is in general unbounded for the class of bipartite outerplanar, cubic, or bounded pathwidth DAGs. However, it is at most two for outerpaths and it is at most quadratic in the bandwidth in general. From the computational point of view, we prove that testing upward $k$-planarity is NP-complete already for $k =1$ and even for restricted instances for which upward planarity testing is polynomial. On the positive side, we can decide in linear time whether a single-source DAG admits an upward $1$-planar drawing in which all vertices are incident to the outer face.}, author = {Angelini, Patrizio and Biedl, Therese and Chimani, Markus and Cornelsen, Sabine and {Da Lozzo}, Giordano and Hong, Seok-Hee and Liotta, Giuseppe and Patrignani, Maurizio and Pupyrev, Sergey and Rutter, Ignaz and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science}, keywords = {Upward_drawings}, number = 3, pages = {5:1–5:30}, title = {The Price of Upwardness}, volume = 27, year = 2025 }
• Eye-to-eye or face-to-face? Face and head substitution for co-located augmented reality. Kullmann, Peter; Schell, Theresa; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 6. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In co-located extended reality (XR) experiences, headsets occlude their wearers’ facial expressions, impeding natural conversation. We introduce two techniques to mitigate this using off-the-shelf hardware: compositing a view of a personalized avatar behind the visor (“see-through visor”) and reducing the headset’s visibility and showing the avatar’s head (“head substitution”). We evaluated them in a repeated-measures dyadic study (N = 25) that indicated promising effects. Collaboration with a confederate with our techniques, compared to a no-avatar baseline, resulted in quicker consensus in a judgment task and enhanced perceived mutual understanding. However, the avatar was also rated and commented on as uncanny, though participant comments indicate tolerance for avatar uncanniness since they restore gaze utility. Furthermore, performance in an executive task deteriorated in the presence of our techniques, indicating that our implementation drew participants’ attention to their partner’s avatar and away from the task. We suggest giving users agency over how these techniques are applied and recommend using the same representation across interaction partners to avoid power imbalances.

  @article{kullmann2025eyetoeye, abstract = {In co-located extended reality (XR) experiences, headsets occlude their wearers’ facial expressions, impeding natural conversation. We introduce two techniques to mitigate this using off-the-shelf hardware: compositing a view of a personalized avatar behind the visor (“see-through visor”) and reducing the headset’s visibility and showing the avatar’s head (“head substitution”). We evaluated them in a repeated-measures dyadic study (N = 25) that indicated promising effects. Collaboration with a confederate with our techniques, compared to a no-avatar baseline, resulted in quicker consensus in a judgment task and enhanced perceived mutual understanding. However, the avatar was also rated and commented on as uncanny, though participant comments indicate tolerance for avatar uncanniness since they restore gaze utility. Furthermore, performance in an executive task deteriorated in the presence of our techniques, indicating that our implementation drew participants’ attention to their partner’s avatar and away from the task. We suggest giving users agency over how these techniques are applied and recommend using the same representation across interaction partners to avoid power imbalances.}, author = {Kullmann, Peter and Schell, Theresa and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {vilearn}, title = {Eye-to-eye or face-to-face? Face and head substitution for co-located augmented reality}, volume = 6, year = 2025 }
• Coverage of Facial Expressions and Its Effects on Avatar Embodiment, Self-Identification, and Uncanniness. Kullmann, Peter; Schell, Theresa; Menzel, Timo; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 31(5), pp. 3613–3622. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Facial expressions are crucial for many eXtended Reality (XR) use cases, from mirrored self exposures to social XR, where users interact via their avatars as digital alter egos. However, current XR devices differ in sensor coverage of the face region. Hence, a faithful reconstruction of facial expressions either has to exclude these areas or synthesize missing animation data with model-based approaches, potentially leading to perceivable mismatches between executed and perceived expression. This paper investigates potential effects of the coverage of facial animations (none, partial, or whole) on important factors of self-perception. We exposed 83 participants to their mirrored personalized avatar. They were shown their mirrored avatar face with upper and lower face animation, upper face animation only, lower face animation only, or no face animation. Whole animations were rated higher in virtual embodiment and slightly lower in uncanniness. Missing animations did not differ from partial ones in terms of virtual embodiment. Contrasts showed significantly lower humanness, lower eeriness, and lower attractiveness for the partial conditions. For questions related to self-identification, effects were mixed. We discuss participants' shift in body part attention across conditions. Qualitative results show participants perceived their virtual representation as fascinating yet uncanny.

  @article{kullmann2025coverage, abstract = {Facial expressions are crucial for many eXtended Reality (XR) use cases, from mirrored self exposures to social XR, where users interact via their avatars as digital alter egos. However, current XR devices differ in sensor coverage of the face region. Hence, a faithful reconstruction of facial expressions either has to exclude these areas or synthesize missing animation data with model-based approaches, potentially leading to perceivable mismatches between executed and perceived expression. This paper investigates potential effects of the coverage of facial animations (none, partial, or whole) on important factors of self-perception. We exposed 83 participants to their mirrored personalized avatar. They were shown their mirrored avatar face with upper and lower face animation, upper face animation only, lower face animation only, or no face animation. Whole animations were rated higher in virtual embodiment and slightly lower in uncanniness. Missing animations did not differ from partial ones in terms of virtual embodiment. Contrasts showed significantly lower humanness, lower eeriness, and lower attractiveness for the partial conditions. For questions related to self-identification, effects were mixed. We discuss participants' shift in body part attention across conditions. Qualitative results show participants perceived their virtual representation as fascinating yet uncanny.}, author = {Kullmann, Peter and Schell, Theresa and Menzel, Timo and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {vilearn}, number = 5, pages = {3613-3622}, title = {Coverage of Facial Expressions and Its Effects on Avatar Embodiment, Self-Identification, and Uncanniness}, volume = 31, year = 2025 }
• Investigating the Perspective of Non-Native Speakers on Foreigner-Directed Speech using Virtual Agents: The Role of Racial Ingroup Affiliation and Language Proficiency on Perception and Comprehension. Akuffo, Ohenewa Bediako; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proc. of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp. 59–68. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{akuffo2025investigating, author = {Akuffo, Ohenewa Bediako and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proc. of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems}, keywords = {sia}, pages = {59–68}, title = {Investigating the Perspective of Non-Native Speakers on Foreigner-Directed Speech using Virtual Agents: The Role of Racial Ingroup Affiliation and Language Proficiency on Perception and Comprehension}, year = 2025 }
• {Systems Benchmarking - For Scientists and Engineers}. Kounev, Samuel; Lange, Klaus-Dieter; von Kistowski, Jóakim. 2nd ed. Springer International Publishing, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @book{KoLaKi-2025-SystemsBenchmarking, author = {Kounev, Samuel and Lange, Klaus-Dieter and von Kistowski, Jóakim}, edition = 2, keywords = {t_book}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {{Systems Benchmarking - For Scientists and Engineers}}, year = 2025 }
• Real-Time LiDAR based Calculation of the Ground Plane’s Normal Vector on Spherical Mobile Mapping Systems. B{ö}sch, C.; Arzberger, F.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Mobile Robots (ECMR ’25), pp. 1–7. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Many mobile mapping systems utilize the on-board identification of the ground plane from 3D Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, e.g., for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) purposes. This enables autonomy in different environments for numerous systems such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) or self-driving cars. However, there is no research concerned with spherical systems on this topic. To this end, we study the real-time on-board identification of the ground plane on spherical mobile mapping systems in this work. These systems provide unique challenges such as poor ground coverage due to the weak incidence angles of the laser beams, fast rotations, and largely varying sensor orientations. We implement multiple algorithms based on point-cloud pre-processing, plane fitting, and plane detection, to address these challenges and compare them in terms of runtime, accuracy, and robustness. For this purpose we create our own datasets - including ground truth data available from a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) - featuring different environments, slopes, and rotation speeds. Our analysis proves the real-time capability and suggests that a geometrical pre-processing approach, followed by a Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) based plane detection algorithm outperforms the other tested approaches. Furthermore, the evaluation reveals challenges regarding the unusual locomotion mechanism and suggests that, in order to reduce the median angle error of the plane normal below 9°, we need to utilize an on-board globally consistent map, instead of only individual LiDAR frames.

  @inproceedings{11163131, abstract = {Many mobile mapping systems utilize the on-board identification of the ground plane from 3D Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data, e.g., for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) purposes. This enables autonomy in different environments for numerous systems such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) or self-driving cars. However, there is no research concerned with spherical systems on this topic. To this end, we study the real-time on-board identification of the ground plane on spherical mobile mapping systems in this work. These systems provide unique challenges such as poor ground coverage due to the weak incidence angles of the laser beams, fast rotations, and largely varying sensor orientations. We implement multiple algorithms based on point-cloud pre-processing, plane fitting, and plane detection, to address these challenges and compare them in terms of runtime, accuracy, and robustness. For this purpose we create our own datasets - including ground truth data available from a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) - featuring different environments, slopes, and rotation speeds. Our analysis proves the real-time capability and suggests that a geometrical pre-processing approach, followed by a Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) based plane detection algorithm outperforms the other tested approaches. Furthermore, the evaluation reveals challenges regarding the unusual locomotion mechanism and suggests that, in order to reduce the median angle error of the plane normal below 9°, we need to utilize an on-board globally consistent map, instead of only individual LiDAR frames.}, author = {B{\"o}sch, C. and Arzberger, F. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Conference on Mobile Robots (ECMR '25)}, keywords = {author}, pages = {1–7}, title = {Real-Time LiDAR based Calculation of the Ground Plane’s Normal Vector on Spherical Mobile Mapping Systems}, year = 2025 }
• Constrained and Ordered Level Planarity Parameterized by the Number of Levels. Blažej, Vacláv; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Sieper, Marie Diana; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Journal of Computational Geometry, 16(2), pp. 26–90. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The problem \textsc{Level Planarity} asks for a crossing-free drawing of a graph in the plane such that vertices are placed at prescribed y-coordinates (called \emph{levels}) and such that every edge is realized as a y-monotone curve. In the variant \textsc{Constrained Level Planarity} (CLP), each level $y$ is equipped with a partial order $\prec_y$ on its vertices and in the desired drawing the left-to-right order of vertices on level~$y$ has to be a linear extension of~$\prec_y$. \textsc{Ordered Level PLanarity} (OLP) corresponds to the special case of CLP where the given partial orders $\prec_y$ are total orders. Previous results by Brückner and Rutter [SODA 2017] and Klemz and Rote [ACM Trans.\ Alg.\ 2019] state that both CLP and OLP are NP-hard even in severely restricted cases. In particular, they remain NP-hard even when restricted to instances whose \emph{width} (the maximum number of vertices that may share a common level) is at most two. In this paper, we focus on the other dimension: we study the parameterized complexity of CLP and OLP with respect to the \emph{height} (the number of levels). \par We show that OLP parameterized by the height is complete with respect to the complexity class XNLP, which was first studied by Elberfeld, Stockhusen, and Tantau [Algorithmica 2015] (under a different name) and recently made more prominent by Bodlaender, Groenland, Nederlof, and Swennenhuis [FOCS 2021]. It contains all parameterized problems that can be solved nondeterministically in time $f(k)\cdot n^{\mathcal O(1)}$ and space $f(k)\cdot \log n$ (where~$f$ is a computable function, $n$ is the input size, and $k$ is the parameter). If a problem is XNLP-complete, it lies in XP, but is W[$t$]-hard for every $t$. \par In contrast to the fact that OLP parameterized by the height lies in XP, it turns out that CLP is NP-hard even when restricted to instances of height 4. We complement this result by showing that CLP can be solved in polynomial time for instances of height at most~3.

  @article{bkkswz-colpp-JoCG25, abstract = {The problem \textsc{Level Planarity} asks for a crossing-free drawing of a graph in the plane such that vertices are placed at prescribed y-coordinates (called \emph{levels}) and such that every edge is realized as a y-monotone curve. In the variant \textsc{Constrained Level Planarity} (CLP), each level $y$ is equipped with a partial order $\prec_y$ on its vertices and in the desired drawing the left-to-right order of vertices on level $y$ has to be a linear extension of $\prec_y$. \textsc{Ordered Level PLanarity} (OLP) corresponds to the special case of CLP where the given partial orders $\prec_y$ are total orders. Previous results by Br\"uckner and Rutter [SODA 2017] and Klemz and Rote [ACM Trans.\ Alg.\ 2019] state that both CLP and OLP are NP-hard even in severely restricted cases. In particular, they remain NP-hard even when restricted to instances whose \emph{width} (the maximum number of vertices that may share a common level) is at most two. In this paper, we focus on the other dimension: we study the parameterized complexity of CLP and OLP with respect to the \emph{height} (the number of levels). \par We show that OLP parameterized by the height is complete with respect to the complexity class XNLP, which was first studied by Elberfeld, Stockhusen, and Tantau [Algorithmica 2015] (under a different name) and recently made more prominent by Bodlaender, Groenland, Nederlof, and Swennenhuis [FOCS 2021]. It contains all parameterized problems that can be solved nondeterministically in time $f(k)\cdot n^{\mathcal O(1)}$ and space $f(k)\cdot \log n$ (where $f$ is a computable function, $n$ is the input size, and $k$ is the parameter). If a problem is XNLP-complete, it lies in XP, but is W[$t$]-hard for every $t$. \par In contrast to the fact that OLP parameterized by the height lies in XP, it turns out that CLP is NP-hard even when restricted to instances of height 4. We complement this result by showing that CLP can be solved in polynomial time for instances of height at most 3.}, author = {Blažej, Vacláv and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Sieper, Marie Diana and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, journal = {Journal of Computational Geometry}, keywords = {level_planarity}, note = {Special issue on SoCG 2024.}, number = 2, pages = {26–90}, title = {Constrained and Ordered Level Planarity Parameterized by the Number of Levels}, volume = 16, year = 2025 }
• Multidimensional image morphing-fast image-based rendering of open 3D and VR environments. Seibt, Simon; Kuth, Bastian; von Rymon Lipinski, Bartosz; Chang, Thomas; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Virtual Reality \& Intelligent Hardware, 7(2), pp. 155–172. Elsevier, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{seibt2025multidimensional, author = {Seibt, Simon and Kuth, Bastian and von Rymon Lipinski, Bartosz and Chang, Thomas and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Virtual Reality \& Intelligent Hardware}, keywords = {hci}, number = 2, pages = {155–172}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {Multidimensional image morphing-fast image-based rendering of open 3D and VR environments}, volume = 7, year = 2025 }
• Recognizing 2-Layer and Outer k-Planar Graphs. Kobayashi, Yasuaki; Okada, Yuto; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 41st Annu. Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG), Vol. 332 of LIPIcs, O. Aichholzer, H. Wang (eds.), pp. 65:1–65:16. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{kow-r2lok-SoCG25, author = {Kobayashi, Yasuaki and Okada, Yuto and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 41st Annu. Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG)}, editor = {Aichholzer, Oswin and Wang, Haitao}, keywords = {2-layer_$k$-planar_graphs}, pages = {65:1–65:16}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Recognizing 2-Layer and Outer k-Planar Graphs}, volume = 332, year = 2025 }
• Oratio Homomorphico: Creating a Lecture for Homomorphic Encryption by applying Design-Based Research. Prantl, Thomas; Schneider, Tobias; Horn, Lukas; Engel, Simon; Iffländer, Lukas; Krupitzer, Christian; Bonilla, Rafael; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 4th EAI Conference on Computer Science and Education in Computer Science, of EAI CSECS 2025. Springer, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Oratio_Sardinen_2025, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Schneider, Tobias and Horn, Lukas and Engel, Simon and Iffländer, Lukas and Krupitzer, Christian and Bonilla, Rafael and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th EAI Conference on Computer Science and Education in Computer Science}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, month = {07}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {EAI CSECS 2025}, title = {Oratio Homomorphico: Creating a Lecture for Homomorphic Encryption by applying Design-Based Research}, year = 2025 }
• Privacy-Preserving Training and Inference of CNNs: A Medical Performance Case Study. Prantl, Thomas; Schneider, Louis; Engel, Simon; Horn, Lukas; Borst, Vanessa; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel; Bonilla, Rafael. In Proceedings of the 5th Intelligent Cybersecurity Conference, of ICSC2025, pp. 303–311. IEEE, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{MPC_Sardinen_2025, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Schneider, Louis and Engel, Simon and Horn, Lukas and Borst, Vanessa and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel and Bonilla, Rafael}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th Intelligent Cybersecurity Conference}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {05}, pages = {303-311}, publisher = {IEEE}, series = {ICSC2025}, title = {Privacy-Preserving Training and Inference of CNNs: A Medical Performance Case Study}, year = 2025 }
• Exploring the Application of Time Series Foundation Models to Network Monitoring Tasks. Wehner, Nikolas; Casas, Pedro; Dietz, Katharina; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In Computer Networks, Special Issue on Generative and Explainable AI for Internet Traffic and Network Architectures. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2025-1, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Casas, Pedro and Dietz, Katharina and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, journal = {Computer Networks, Special Issue on Generative and Explainable AI for Internet Traffic and Network Architectures}, keywords = {myown}, month = {05}, title = {Exploring the Application of Time Series Foundation Models to Network Monitoring Tasks}, year = 2025 }
• {DFG Research Unit 5696 SOS: Serverless Scientific Computing and Engineering for Earth Observation and Sustainability Research}. Kounev, Samuel. Invited Talk at the Annual Meeting of GIBU 2025 (Beirat der Universitätsprofessorinnen und -professoren in der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.), Schloss Dagstuhl, Wadern, Germany, 2025, May 14.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{Talk-kounev2025-GIBU, address = {Schloss Dagstuhl, Wadern, Germany}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {05}, note = {https://www.dagstuhl.de/de/seminars/seminar-calendar/seminar-details/25163}, publisher = {Invited Talk at the Annual Meeting of GIBU 2025 (Beirat der Universitätsprofessorinnen und -professoren in der Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.)}, title = {{DFG Research Unit 5696 SOS: Serverless Scientific Computing and Engineering for Earth Observation and Sustainability Research}}, year = 2025 }
• The impact of algorithm awareness training on competent interaction with intelligent voice assistants. Markus, Andr{é}; Baumann, Maximilian; Pfister, Jan; Hotho, Andreas; Carolus, Astrid; Wienrich, Carolin. In Discover Education, 4(1), p. 125. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Intelligent Voice Assistants (IVAs) have become integral to many users' daily lives, using advanced algorithms to automate various tasks. Nevertheless, many users do not understand the underlying algorithms and how they work, posing potential risks to the competent and self-determined use of IVAs. This work develops three online training modules to promote algorithm awareness, providing (1) basic knowledge of algorithms, (2) risks posed by algorithms in IVAs, and (3) scientific evidence on algorithm aversion. A total of 110 participants were studied to analyze the training effects on various perception levels relevant to IVAs, including usage perception (attitude, exploration), privacy aspects (trustworthiness, privacy control), persuasion aspects (persuasion knowledge, anthropomorphic perception), and self-determined interaction variables (reflection, indulgence). The results show that the modules increase awareness of IVA algorithms, influence user perceptions (e.g., higher exploration intentions), and promote critical engagement with IVAs (e.g., lower trustworthiness). Moreover, the modules contribute to a higher sense of privacy control, reduce persuasive perceptions of IVAs (e.g., anthropomorphic perception), and promote self-determined interaction (e.g., higher indulgent use). The modules offer a new approach to promoting the competent use of IVAs in society and provide a starting point for further research and educational institutions to increase algorithm awareness for IVAs and other AI-based systems.

  @article{Markus2025, abstract = {Intelligent Voice Assistants (IVAs) have become integral to many users' daily lives, using advanced algorithms to automate various tasks. Nevertheless, many users do not understand the underlying algorithms and how they work, posing potential risks to the competent and self-determined use of IVAs. This work develops three online training modules to promote algorithm awareness, providing (1) basic knowledge of algorithms, (2) risks posed by algorithms in IVAs, and (3) scientific evidence on algorithm aversion. A total of 110 participants were studied to analyze the training effects on various perception levels relevant to IVAs, including usage perception (attitude, exploration), privacy aspects (trustworthiness, privacy control), persuasion aspects (persuasion knowledge, anthropomorphic perception), and self-determined interaction variables (reflection, indulgence). The results show that the modules increase awareness of IVA algorithms, influence user perceptions (e.g., higher exploration intentions), and promote critical engagement with IVAs (e.g., lower trustworthiness). Moreover, the modules contribute to a higher sense of privacy control, reduce persuasive perceptions of IVAs (e.g., anthropomorphic perception), and promote self-determined interaction (e.g., higher indulgent use). The modules offer a new approach to promoting the competent use of IVAs in society and provide a starting point for further research and educational institutions to increase algorithm awareness for IVAs and other AI-based systems.}, author = {Markus, Andr{\'e} and Baumann, Maximilian and Pfister, Jan and Hotho, Andreas and Carolus, Astrid and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {Discover Education}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, month = {05}, number = 1, pages = 125, title = {The impact of algorithm awareness training on competent interaction with intelligent voice assistants}, volume = 4, year = 2025 }
• Theory Meets Practice: Assessment of Decomposition-Based Approximation in 2D Markov Models for Server Cluster Resilience. Baur, Carina; Loh, Frank; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2025 15th International Workshop on Resilient Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-4, author = {Baur, Carina and Loh, Frank and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2025 15th International Workshop on Resilient Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM)}, keywords = {sustainet-advance}, month = {06}, title = {Theory Meets Practice: Assessment of Decomposition-Based Approximation in 2D Markov Models for Server Cluster Resilience}, year = 2025 }
• Continuous Earth Observation of Forest Dynamics and Biodiversity. Herbst, Nikolas; Kortmann, Mareike; Jaggy, Niklas; Thonfeld, Frank; Abad, Christina; Künzer, Claudia; Müller, Jörg; Kounev, Samuel. In Communications of the ACM, 68(7), pp. 102–107. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{herbst2025continuous, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Herbst, Nikolas and Kortmann, Mareike and Jaggy, Niklas and Thonfeld, Frank and Abad, Christina and Künzer, Claudia and Müller, Jörg and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Communications of the ACM}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {06}, number = 7, pages = {102-107}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Continuous Earth Observation of Forest Dynamics and Biodiversity}, volume = 68, year = 2025 }
• A Tutorial on Data-Driven Quality of Experience Modeling with Explainable Artificial Intelligence. Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Anika; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2025-2, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Anika and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, journal = {IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {A Tutorial on Data-Driven Quality of Experience Modeling with Explainable Artificial Intelligence}, year = 2025 }
• Towards Detecting Traffic Changes in Real-World Heterogeneous Multi-Cloud Environments. Sichermann, Marleen; Dietz, Katharina; Serejo Kunz, Leticia; Kögel, Jochen; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 15th International Workshop on Resilient Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM). Trondheim, Norway, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-3, address = {Trondheim, Norway}, author = {Sichermann, Marleen and Dietz, Katharina and Serejo Kunz, Leticia and Kögel, Jochen and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {15th International Workshop on Resilient Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM)}, keywords = {vipnano}, month = {06}, title = {Towards Detecting Traffic Changes in Real-World Heterogeneous Multi-Cloud Environments}, year = 2025 }
• NewsUnfold: Creating a News-Reading Application That Indicates Linguistic Media Bias and Collects Feedback. Hinterreiter, Smi; Wessel, Martin; Schliski, Fabian; Echizen, Isao; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Spinde, Timo. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 19. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Media bias is a multifaceted problem, leading to one-sided views and impacting decision-making. A way to address digital media bias is to detect and indicate it automatically through machine-learning methods. However, such detection is limited due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable training data. Human-in-the-loop-based feedback mechanisms have proven an effective way to facilitate the data-gathering process. Therefore, we introduce and test feedback mechanisms for the media bias domain, which we then implement on NewsUnfold, a news-reading web application to collect reader feedback on machine-generated bias highlights within online news articles. Our approach augments dataset quality by significantly increasing inter-annotator agreement by 26.31% and improving classifier performance by 2.49%. As the first human-in-the-loop application for media bias, the feedback mechanism shows that a user-centric approach to media bias data collection can return reliable data while being scalable and evaluated as easy to use. NewsUnfold demonstrates that feedback mechanisms are a promising strategy to reduce data collection expenses and continuously update datasets to changes in context.

  @article{hinterreiter2025newsunfold, abstract = {Media bias is a multifaceted problem, leading to one-sided views and impacting decision-making. A way to address digital media bias is to detect and indicate it automatically through machine-learning methods. However, such detection is limited due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable training data. Human-in-the-loop-based feedback mechanisms have proven an effective way to facilitate the data-gathering process. Therefore, we introduce and test feedback mechanisms for the media bias domain, which we then implement on NewsUnfold, a news-reading web application to collect reader feedback on machine-generated bias highlights within online news articles. Our approach augments dataset quality by significantly increasing inter-annotator agreement by 26.31% and improving classifier performance by 2.49%. As the first human-in-the-loop application for media bias, the feedback mechanism shows that a user-centric approach to media bias data collection can return reliable data while being scalable and evaluated as easy to use. NewsUnfold demonstrates that feedback mechanisms are a promising strategy to reduce data collection expenses and continuously update datasets to changes in context.}, author = {Hinterreiter, Smi and Wessel, Martin and Schliski, Fabian and Echizen, Isao and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Spinde, Timo}, journal = {Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media}, keywords = {xrhub}, month = {06}, title = {NewsUnfold: Creating a News-Reading Application That Indicates Linguistic Media Bias and Collects Feedback}, volume = 19, year = 2025 }
• Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features. Hadry, Marius; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel. In Applied intelligence, 55(755). Springer, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @article{hadry2025telling, author = {Hadry, Marius and Bauer, André and Leppich, Robert and Lesch, Veronika and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Applied intelligence}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {06}, number = 755, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Telling Fortunes? Evaluation of Traffic Forecasting Models using Traffic and Context Features}, volume = 55, year = 2025 }
• The Buffering of Autonomic Fear Responses Is Moderated by the Characteristics of a Virtual Character. Weiß, Martin; Krop, Philipp; Treml, Lukas; Neuser, Elias; Botsch, Mario; Herrmann, Martin J.; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Hein, Grit. In Computers in Human Behavior, 168, p. 108657. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  The presence of a conspecific can mitigate autonomic responses to aversive stimuli, an effect known as social buffering. Nowadays, social interactions are often virtual, yet virtual social buffering effects remain poorly understood. This work presents five studies that systematically test the conditions required for virtual social buffering. We assessed participants’ emotion ratings and skin conductance responses when they were presented with neutral or fear-inducing sounds alone or in the presence of a virtual character with a varying extent of human-like features (virtual female or male person, wooden puppet, point cloud). The characters were presented using the same social framing, i.e., had the same social meaning. Our results show a significant reduction in SCR responses to fear-inducing sounds in the presence of a virtual character, but only if it is embodied as a woman or a wooden puppet. Clarifying the role of the social frame, a control study showed no social buffering effects if the wooden puppet was presented without the social frame. Our results show that the characteristics of a virtual character significantly moderate the social buffering of fear responses. Our findings shed light on the nature of virtual social buffering effects and are relevant for developing virtual applications for clinical and societal interventions.

  @article{weiss2025buffering, abstract = {The presence of a conspecific can mitigate autonomic responses to aversive stimuli, an effect known as social buffering. Nowadays, social interactions are often virtual, yet virtual social buffering effects remain poorly understood. This work presents five studies that systematically test the conditions required for virtual social buffering. We assessed participants’ emotion ratings and skin conductance responses when they were presented with neutral or fear-inducing sounds alone or in the presence of a virtual character with a varying extent of human-like features (virtual female or male person, wooden puppet, point cloud). The characters were presented using the same social framing, i.e., had the same social meaning. Our results show a significant reduction in SCR responses to fear-inducing sounds in the presence of a virtual character, but only if it is embodied as a woman or a wooden puppet. Clarifying the role of the social frame, a control study showed no social buffering effects if the wooden puppet was presented without the social frame. Our results show that the characteristics of a virtual character significantly moderate the social buffering of fear responses. Our findings shed light on the nature of virtual social buffering effects and are relevant for developing virtual applications for clinical and societal interventions.}, author = {Weiß, Martin and Krop, Philipp and Treml, Lukas and Neuser, Elias and Botsch, Mario and Herrmann, Martin J. and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Hein, Grit}, journal = {Computers in Human Behavior}, keywords = {aiatwork}, month = {07}, pages = 108657, title = {The Buffering of Autonomic Fear Responses Is Moderated by the Characteristics of a Virtual Character}, volume = 168, year = 2025 }
• {Low-Constraint Ray Optimization for Photogrammetric Shallow Water Bathymetry}. Liebender, C.; Meyer, P.; Bleier, M.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 3D Underwater Mapping from Above and Below – 3rd International Workshop, of The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLVIII-2/W10-2025, pp. 163–168. Vienna, Austria, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  This paper presents a raytracing-based approach for estimating the depth of shallow water bodies. Based on a calibrated, multi-view camera setup above the water surface, we find correspondences that lie below the surface in pairs of two views. We trace rays from each camera to each triangulated correspondence, as if no interface is present in the scene. Using snell’s law, we then compute refracted rays to optimize an objective function with a theoretical optimum as the Hesse normal form of the water surface. The challenge of our work is to keep the number of constraints in our mathematical model as low as possible. For a practical evaluation, we record images with two different setups: a laboratory setting with a box filled with water at a depth of 14.5 cm and a water roll-of container at 2.2 m, and use both fiducial markers as well as computed features as correspondences. Our results show that with a well-setup optimizer, our method converges towards the true water plane and is usable to estimate the depth of our setups.

  @inproceedings{UNDERWATER2025, abstract = {This paper presents a raytracing-based approach for estimating the depth of shallow water bodies. Based on a calibrated, multi-view camera setup above the water surface, we find correspondences that lie below the surface in pairs of two views. We trace rays from each camera to each triangulated correspondence, as if no interface is present in the scene. Using snell’s law, we then compute refracted rays to optimize an objective function with a theoretical optimum as the Hesse normal form of the water surface. The challenge of our work is to keep the number of constraints in our mathematical model as low as possible. For a practical evaluation, we record images with two different setups: a laboratory setting with a box filled with water at a depth of 14.5 cm and a water roll-of container at 2.2 m, and use both fiducial markers as well as computed features as correspondences. Our results show that with a well-setup optimizer, our method converges towards the true water plane and is usable to estimate the depth of our setups.}, address = {Vienna, Austria}, author = {Liebender, C. and Meyer, P. and Bleier, M. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3D Underwater Mapping from Above and Below – 3rd International Workshop}, keywords = {author}, month = {07}, pages = {163–168}, series = {The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLVIII-2/W10-2025}, title = {{Low-Constraint Ray Optimization for Photogrammetric Shallow Water Bathymetry}}, year = 2025 }
• LLäMmlein: Transparent, Compact and Competitive {G}erman-Only Language Models from Scratch. Pfister, Jan; Wunderle, Julia; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), W. Che, J. Nabende, E. Shutova, M. T. Pilehvar (eds.), pp. 2227–2246. Association for Computational Linguistics, Vienna, Austria, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  We transparently create two German-only decoder models, LL{ä}Mmlein 120M and 1B, from scratch and publish them, along with the training data, for the (German) NLP research community to use. The model training involved several key steps, including data preprocessing/filtering, the creation of a German tokenizer, the training itself, as well as the evaluation of the final models on various benchmarks, also against existing models. Throughout the training process, multiple checkpoints were saved in equal intervals and analyzed using the German SuperGLEBer benchmark to gain insights into the models' learning process.Compared to state-of-the-art models on the SuperGLEBer benchmark, both LL{ä}Mmlein models performed competitively, consistently matching or surpassing models with similar parameter sizes. The results show that the models' quality scales with size as expected, but performance improvements on some tasks plateaued early during training, offering valuable insights into resource allocation for future models.

  @inproceedings{pfister-etal-2025-llammlein, abstract = {We transparently create two German-only decoder models, LL{\"a}Mmlein 120M and 1B, from scratch and publish them, along with the training data, for the (German) NLP research community to use. The model training involved several key steps, including data preprocessing/filtering, the creation of a German tokenizer, the training itself, as well as the evaluation of the final models on various benchmarks, also against existing models. Throughout the training process, multiple checkpoints were saved in equal intervals and analyzed using the German SuperGLEBer benchmark to gain insights into the models' learning process.Compared to state-of-the-art models on the SuperGLEBer benchmark, both LL{\"a}Mmlein models performed competitively, consistently matching or surpassing models with similar parameter sizes. The results show that the models' quality scales with size as expected, but performance improvements on some tasks plateaued early during training, offering valuable insights into resource allocation for future models.}, address = {Vienna, Austria}, author = {Pfister, Jan and Wunderle, Julia and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)}, editor = {Che, Wanxiang and Nabende, Joyce and Shutova, Ekaterina and Pilehvar, Mohammad Taher}, keywords = {selected}, month = {07}, pages = {2227–2246}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {LLäMmlein: Transparent, Compact and Competitive {G}erman-Only Language Models from Scratch}, year = 2025 }
• TSN Reservation Framework for Legacy Apps-Signaling, Shaping, Monitoring, and Measuring. Grigorjew, Alexej; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Hock, David; Lipp, Fabian. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2025 Posters and Demos. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-11, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Hock, David and Lipp, Fabian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2025 Posters and Demos}, keywords = {kosinu5}, month = {09}, title = {TSN Reservation Framework for Legacy Apps-Signaling, Shaping, Monitoring, and Measuring}, year = 2025 }
• Limitations Using Energy Intensity and General Energy Efficiency of 6G-Ready IoT Devices. Loh, Frank; Amir, Monisha; Mehling, Noah; Vomhoff, Viktoria; Blumenröder, Julius; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In NOMS 2025-2025 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium, pp. 1–5. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  A key focus of 6G development is ensuring sustainable operation of Information and Communication Technology systems, with the major goal of achieving Net-Zero carbon emissions. Although vendors promote the energy efficiency of their latest products, overall energy consumption in the sector continues to rise due to the increasing number of devices and data traffic. The absence of a standardized energy efficiency metric further complicates meaningful comparisons. Energy intensity-defined as the energy required to process or transmit a bit or byte of data-has recently gained attention as a potential metric. However, a comprehensive analysis of energy intensity across the diverse scenarios, technologies, and devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem for 6G networks remains unexplored. This study addresses this gap by evaluating energy intensity as a key metric in a 6G IoT context, comparing measured and simulated access network technologies. It also identifies the limitations of energy intensity and proposes alternative metrics for assessing energy efficiency.

  @inproceedings{11073666, abstract = {A key focus of 6G development is ensuring sustainable operation of Information and Communication Technology systems, with the major goal of achieving Net-Zero carbon emissions. Although vendors promote the energy efficiency of their latest products, overall energy consumption in the sector continues to rise due to the increasing number of devices and data traffic. The absence of a standardized energy efficiency metric further complicates meaningful comparisons. Energy intensity-defined as the energy required to process or transmit a bit or byte of data-has recently gained attention as a potential metric. However, a comprehensive analysis of energy intensity across the diverse scenarios, technologies, and devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem for 6G networks remains unexplored. This study addresses this gap by evaluating energy intensity as a key metric in a 6G IoT context, comparing measured and simulated access network technologies. It also identifies the limitations of energy intensity and proposes alternative metrics for assessing energy efficiency.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Amir, Monisha and Mehling, Noah and Vomhoff, Viktoria and Blumenröder, Julius and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {NOMS 2025-2025 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium}, keywords = {greenfield}, month = {05}, pages = {1-5}, title = {Limitations Using Energy Intensity and General Energy Efficiency of 6G-Ready IoT Devices}, year = 2025 }
• Irreconcilable Differences? Investigating Consensus of Post-hoc XAI for ML-NIDS via Decomposition. Dietz, Katharina; Schleicher, Johannes; Geißler, Stefan; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 21st International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM). Bologna, Italy, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-6, address = {Bologna, Italy}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Schleicher, Johannes and Geißler, Stefan and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {21st International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {Irreconcilable Differences? Investigating Consensus of Post-hoc XAI for ML-NIDS via Decomposition}, year = 2025 }
• POBTOG: A Population-based Topology Generator for Country-wide Communication Networks. Poignée, Fabian; Loh, Frank; Schardt, Simon; Lipp, Fabian; Hock, David; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In International Conference on Networked Systems (NetSys). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-8, author = {Poignée, Fabian and Loh, Frank and Schardt, Simon and Lipp, Fabian and Hock, David and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {International Conference on Networked Systems (NetSys)}, keywords = {n-dolli}, month = {09}, title = {POBTOG: A Population-based Topology Generator for Country-wide Communication Networks}, year = 2025 }
• I Choose You: Evaluating the Impact of Feature Selection on XAI Consensus for ML-NIDS. Dietz, Katharina; Schleicher, Johannes; Wehner, Nikolas; Hajizadeh, Mehrdad; Casas, Pedro; Geißler, Stefan; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 3rd Workshop on Machine Learning & Networking (MaLeNe) as part of NetSys’25. Ilmenau, Germany, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-5, address = {Ilmenau, Germany}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Schleicher, Johannes and Wehner, Nikolas and Hajizadeh, Mehrdad and Casas, Pedro and Geißler, Stefan and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {3rd Workshop on Machine Learning & Networking (MaLeNe) as part of NetSys'25}, keywords = {vipnano}, month = {09}, title = {I Choose You: Evaluating the Impact of Feature Selection on XAI Consensus for ML-NIDS}, year = 2025 }
• Hot Topic Abstract: Marina: Realizing ML-driven Real-time Network Traffic Monitoring at Terabit Scale. Seufert, Michael; Dietz, Katharina; Wehner, Nikolas; Geißler, Stefan; Schüler, Joshua; Wolz, Manuel; Hotho, Andreas; Casas, Pedro; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Feldmann, Anja. In International Conference on Networked Systems (NetSys). Ilmenau, Germany, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-7, address = {Ilmenau, Germany}, author = {Seufert, Michael and Dietz, Katharina and Wehner, Nikolas and Geißler, Stefan and Schüler, Joshua and Wolz, Manuel and Hotho, Andreas and Casas, Pedro and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Feldmann, Anja}, booktitle = {International Conference on Networked Systems (NetSys)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {Hot Topic Abstract: Marina: Realizing ML-driven Real-time Network Traffic Monitoring at Terabit Scale}, year = 2025 }
• The FISHNET Case Study on Implementing and Scaling a Complex Earth Observation Workflow. Gruber, Lorenz; Herbst, Nikolas; Esch, Thomas; Nguyen, Thanh; Friedl, Peter; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 21nd IEEE International Conference on e-Science. IEEE, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Gruber2025-eScience-FISHNET, author = {Gruber, Lorenz and Herbst, Nikolas and Esch, Thomas and Nguyen, Thanh and Friedl, Peter and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21nd IEEE International Conference on e-Science}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, month = {09}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {The FISHNET Case Study on Implementing and Scaling a Complex Earth Observation Workflow}, year = 2025 }
• "Hello everyone": Realistic Crowdsourcing-based QoE Assessment of Multi-party Video Conferencing. Poignée, Fabian; Loh, Frank; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 17th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-10, author = {Poignée, Fabian and Loh, Frank and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {17th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {09}, title = {"Hello everyone": Realistic Crowdsourcing-based QoE Assessment of Multi-party Video Conferencing}, year = 2025 }
• Quo Vadis CKKS: Comparison of the Realization of Basic Mathematical Functions for the Homomorphic Cryptosystem CKKS using De Bello and Polynomial Approximations. Prantl, Thomas; Horn, Lukas; Engel, Simon; Bauer, André; Kounev, Samuel. In Journal of Information Security and Applications, 93. Elsevier, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{HE_Sardinen_2025, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Horn, Lukas and Engel, Simon and Bauer, André and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Journal of Information Security and Applications}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {09}, note = {Published online June 2025}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {Quo Vadis CKKS: Comparison of the Realization of Basic Mathematical Functions for the Homomorphic Cryptosystem CKKS using De Bello and Polynomial Approximations}, volume = 93, year = 2025 }
• Design and Evaluation of Two Spherical Systems for Mobile 3D Mapping. Khalil, M.; Arzberger, F.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the Workshop 3D-AdViCE: Advanced 3D Vision for Complex Environments. Padova, Italy, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Spherical robots offer unique advantages for mapping applications in hazardous or confined environments, thanks to their protective shells and omnidirectional mobility. This work presents two complementary spherical mapping systems: a lightweight, non-actuated design and an actuated variant featuring internal pendulum-driven locomotion. Both systems are equipped with a Livox Mid-360 solid-state LiDAR sensor and run LiDAR-Inertial Odometry (LIO) algorithms on resource-constrained hardware. We assess the mapping accuracy of these systems by comparing the resulting 3D point-clouds from the LIO algorithms to a ground truth map. The results indicate that the performance of state-of-the-art LIO algorithms deteriorates due to the high dynamic movement introduced by the spherical locomotion, leading to globally inconsistent maps and sometimes unrecoverable drift.

  @inproceedings{3DADV2025, abstract = {Spherical robots offer unique advantages for mapping applications in hazardous or confined environments, thanks to their protective shells and omnidirectional mobility. This work presents two complementary spherical mapping systems: a lightweight, non-actuated design and an actuated variant featuring internal pendulum-driven locomotion. Both systems are equipped with a Livox Mid-360 solid-state LiDAR sensor and run LiDAR-Inertial Odometry (LIO) algorithms on resource-constrained hardware. We assess the mapping accuracy of these systems by comparing the resulting 3D point-clouds from the LIO algorithms to a ground truth map. The results indicate that the performance of state-of-the-art LIO algorithms deteriorates due to the high dynamic movement introduced by the spherical locomotion, leading to globally inconsistent maps and sometimes unrecoverable drift.}, address = {Padova, Italy}, author = {Khalil, M. and Arzberger, F. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop 3D-AdViCE: Advanced 3D Vision for Complex Environments}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {Design and Evaluation of Two Spherical Systems for Mobile 3D Mapping}, year = 2025 }
• {Serverless Scientific Workflow Engineering for Interdisciplinary Research in Earth Observation and Computational Ecology}. Kounev, Samuel. Keynote Talk at 21st IEEE International Conference on e-Science, Chicago, USA, 2025, September 18.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{talk-Kounev-eScience2025, address = {Chicago, USA}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {09}, note = {https://www.escience-conference.org/2025/keynotes}, publisher = {Keynote Talk at 21st IEEE International Conference on e-Science,}, title = {{Serverless Scientific Workflow Engineering for Interdisciplinary Research in Earth Observation and Computational Ecology}}, year = 2025 }
• Balancing Sustainability and Performability: A Markov Model of a Photovoltaic-Powered Server Cluster Under Varying Load. Baur, Carina; Paulus, Theresa; Loh, Frank; Rudion, Krzysztof; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on 6G Networks (WueWoWAS’25). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-9, author = {Baur, Carina and Paulus, Theresa and Loh, Frank and Rudion, Krzysztof and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on 6G Networks (WueWoWAS’25)}, keywords = {sustainet-advance}, month = 10, title = {Balancing Sustainability and Performability: A Markov Model of a Photovoltaic-Powered Server Cluster Under Varying Load}, year = 2025 }
• LCDN: Providing Network Determinism with Low-Cost Switches. Diederich, Philip; Deshpande, Yash; Becker, Laura; Raunecker, David; Grigorjew, Alexej; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kellerer, Wolfgang. In 21st International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-12, author = {Diederich, Philip and Deshpande, Yash and Becker, Laura and Raunecker, David and Grigorjew, Alexej and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kellerer, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {21st International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, keywords = {dfgappaware2}, month = 10, title = {LCDN: Providing Network Determinism with Low-Cost Switches}, year = 2025 }
• An Empirical Study on Transient Phases of Microservice Applications. Rohwer, Ivo; Straesser, Martin; Lubas, Yannik; Kounev, Samuel; Bauer, André. In Proceedings of the 33rd International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS 2025). IEEE, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{rohwer2025empirical, author = {Rohwer, Ivo and Straesser, Martin and Lubas, Yannik and Kounev, Samuel and Bauer, André}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS 2025)}, keywords = {descartes}, month = 10, note = {Just accepted. Acceptance Rate: 24%}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {An Empirical Study on Transient Phases of Microservice Applications}, year = 2025 }
• An Ultra-Wideband Localization Approach for Unknown Anchor Distributions. Hesse, M.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A.; Montenegro, S. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Space Robotics (iSpaRo ’25). Sendai, Japan, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Precise localization of mobile robots is key to many (semi)-autonomous operations, such as planetary exploration. In situations, where Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is unavailable, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology is a common replacement. This typically relies on the positions of distributed anchors to be known beforehand. In this work we expand on a system, that remotely distributes the anchors, which means the position of them is unknown. The robot is equipped with three UWB tags, which perform Two-Way-Ranging (TWR) distance measurements with all the anchors. These distances are used to determine the relative position of the anchors to the robot. These positions are interpreted as landmarks in an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)-Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm, which combines them with the wheel odometry of the robot. Our experiments show promising results in a setup with four anchors, performing considerably better than the wheel odometry on its own. The system is also capable of operating through an outage of the UWB anchors. After such an outage the pose of the robot is corrected in multiple experiments, though not to the same standard as before the outage.

  @inproceedings{ISPARO2025, abstract = {Precise localization of mobile robots is key to many (semi)-autonomous operations, such as planetary exploration. In situations, where Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is unavailable, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology is a common replacement. This typically relies on the positions of distributed anchors to be known beforehand. In this work we expand on a system, that remotely distributes the anchors, which means the position of them is unknown. The robot is equipped with three UWB tags, which perform Two-Way-Ranging (TWR) distance measurements with all the anchors. These distances are used to determine the relative position of the anchors to the robot. These positions are interpreted as landmarks in an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF)-Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm, which combines them with the wheel odometry of the robot. Our experiments show promising results in a setup with four anchors, performing considerably better than the wheel odometry on its own. The system is also capable of operating through an outage of the UWB anchors. After such an outage the pose of the robot is corrected in multiple experiments, though not to the same standard as before the outage.}, address = {Sendai, Japan}, author = {Hesse, M. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A. and Montenegro, S.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Space Robotics (iSpaRo '25)}, keywords = {author}, month = 12, title = {An Ultra-Wideband Localization Approach for Unknown Anchor Distributions}, year = 2025 }
• Doppler-SLAM: Doppler-Aided Radar-Inertial and LiDAR-Inertial Simultaneous Localization and Mapping. Wang, D.; Haag, H.; Herraez, D. C.; May, S.; Stachniss, C.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L), pp. 1–8. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Simultaneous localization and mapping is a critical capability for autonomous systems. Traditional SLAM approaches often rely on visual or LiDAR sensors and face significant challenges in adverse conditions such as low light or featureless environments. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel Doppler-aided radar-inertial and LiDAR-inertial SLAM framework that leverages the complementary strengths of 4D radar, FMCW LiDAR, and inertial measurement units. Our system integrates Doppler velocity measurements and spatial data into a tightly-coupled front-end and graph optimization back-end to provide enhanced ego velocity estimation, accurate odometry, and robust mapping. We also introduce a Doppler-based scan-matching technique to improve front-end odometry in dynamic environments. In addition, our framework incorporates an innovative online extrinsic calibration mechanism, utilizing Doppler velocity and loop closure to dynamically maintain sensor alignment. Extensive evaluations on both public and proprietary datasets show that our system significantly outperforms state-of-the-art radar-SLAM and LiDAR-SLAM frameworks in terms of accuracy and robustness. To encourage further research, the code of our Doppler-SLAM and our dataset are available at: https://github.com/Wayne-DWA/Doppler-SLAM.

  @article{RAL2025, abstract = {Simultaneous localization and mapping is a critical capability for autonomous systems. Traditional SLAM approaches often rely on visual or LiDAR sensors and face significant challenges in adverse conditions such as low light or featureless environments. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel Doppler-aided radar-inertial and LiDAR-inertial SLAM framework that leverages the complementary strengths of 4D radar, FMCW LiDAR, and inertial measurement units. Our system integrates Doppler velocity measurements and spatial data into a tightly-coupled front-end and graph optimization back-end to provide enhanced ego velocity estimation, accurate odometry, and robust mapping. We also introduce a Doppler-based scan-matching technique to improve front-end odometry in dynamic environments. In addition, our framework incorporates an innovative online extrinsic calibration mechanism, utilizing Doppler velocity and loop closure to dynamically maintain sensor alignment. Extensive evaluations on both public and proprietary datasets show that our system significantly outperforms state-of-the-art radar-SLAM and LiDAR-SLAM frameworks in terms of accuracy and robustness. To encourage further research, the code of our Doppler-SLAM and our dataset are available at: https://github.com/Wayne-DWA/Doppler-SLAM.}, author = {Wang, D. and Haag, H. and Herraez, D. C. and May, S. and Stachniss, C. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L)}, keywords = {author}, pages = {1–8}, title = {Doppler-SLAM: Doppler-Aided Radar-Inertial and LiDAR-Inertial Simultaneous Localization and Mapping}, year = 2025 }
• Avatars for the masses: smartphone-based reconstruction of humans for virtual reality. Menzel, Timo; Wolf, Erik; Wenninger, Stephan; Spinczyk, Niklas; Holderrieth, Lena; Wienrich, Carolin; Schwanecke, Ulrich; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Botsch, Mario. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 6. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{menzel2025avatars, author = {Menzel, Timo and Wolf, Erik and Wenninger, Stephan and Spinczyk, Niklas and Holderrieth, Lena and Wienrich, Carolin and Schwanecke, Ulrich and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Botsch, Mario}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, month = {05}, title = {Avatars for the masses: smartphone-based reconstruction of humans for virtual reality}, volume = 6, year = 2025 }
• {WoundAmbit}: Bridging State-of-the-Art Semantic Segmentation and Real-World Wound Care. Borst, Vanessa; Dittus, Timo; Dege, Tassilo; Schmieder, Astrid; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (ECML-PKDD). Applied Data Science Track. Springer Nature Switzerland, Porto, Portugal, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @inproceedings{borst2025woundambit, address = {Porto, Portugal}, author = {Borst, Vanessa and Dittus, Timo and Dege, Tassilo and Schmieder, Astrid and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (ECML-PKDD). Applied Data Science Track}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, month = {09}, note = {Best Student Paper ADS Track}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {{WoundAmbit}: Bridging State-of-the-Art Semantic Segmentation and Real-World Wound Care}, year = 2025 }
• Virtual body image exercises for people with obesity -- results on eating behavior and body perception of the ViTraS pilot study. Gemesi, Kathrin; D{ö}llinger, Nina; Weinberger, Natascha-Alexandra; Wolf, Erik; Mal, David; Keppler, Sebastian; Wenninger, Stephan; Bader, Emily; Wienrich, Carolin; Luck-Sikorski, Claudia; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Israel, Johann Habakuk; Botsch, Mario; Holzapfel, Christina. In BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 25(1), p. 176. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  A negative body image can have an impact on developing and maintaining obesity. Using virtual reality (VR) to conduct cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an innovative approach to treat people with obesity. This multicenter non-randomized pilot study examined the feasibility and the effect on eating behavior and body perception of a newly developed VR system to conduct body image exercises.

  @article{Gemesi2025, abstract = {A negative body image can have an impact on developing and maintaining obesity. Using virtual reality (VR) to conduct cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an innovative approach to treat people with obesity. This multicenter non-randomized pilot study examined the feasibility and the effect on eating behavior and body perception of a newly developed VR system to conduct body image exercises.}, author = {Gemesi, Kathrin and D{\"o}llinger, Nina and Weinberger, Natascha-Alexandra and Wolf, Erik and Mal, David and Keppler, Sebastian and Wenninger, Stephan and Bader, Emily and Wienrich, Carolin and Luck-Sikorski, Claudia and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Israel, Johann Habakuk and Botsch, Mario and Holzapfel, Christina}, journal = {BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, month = {04}, number = 1, pages = 176, title = {Virtual body image exercises for people with obesity – results on eating behavior and body perception of the ViTraS pilot study}, volume = 25, year = 2025 }
• Identifying Axiomatic Mathematical Transformation Steps using Tree-Structured Pointer Networks. Wankerl, Sebastian; Pfister, Jan; Dulny, Andrzej; G{ö}tz, Gerhard; Hotho, Andreas. In Transactions on Machine Learning Research. 2025.
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  • [ URL ]
  @article{wankerl2025identifying, author = {Wankerl, Sebastian and Pfister, Jan and Dulny, Andrzej and G{\"o}tz, Gerhard and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Transactions on Machine Learning Research}, keywords = {author:pfister}, title = {Identifying Axiomatic Mathematical Transformation Steps using Tree-Structured Pointer Networks}, year = 2025 }
• Power Consumption and Energy Efficiency Assessment of Fiber Optic SFP Modules and Switch Systems. Mehling, Noah; Loh, Frank; Hoßfeld, Tobias. Universität Würzburg, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @techreport{https://doi.org/10.25972/opus-42425, author = {Mehling, Noah and Loh, Frank and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {Technical Report}, keywords = {greenfield}, publisher = {Universität Würzburg}, title = {Power Consumption and Energy Efficiency Assessment of Fiber Optic SFP Modules and Switch Systems}, year = 2025 }
• Owning the (Virtual) World: A Systematic Review of Psychological Ownership of Interactive Virtual Objects and Environments. Krauss, Jana; Wienrich, Carolin. In Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, of CHI ’25, pp. 1–16. ACM, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{Krauss_2025, author = {Krauss, Jana and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {jkrauss}, month = {04}, pages = {1–16}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {CHI ’25}, title = {Owning the (Virtual) World: A Systematic Review of Psychological Ownership of Interactive Virtual Objects and Environments}, year = 2025 }
• Designing for Flourishing: A Conceptual Model for Enhancing Older Adults’ Well-Being with Social Robots. Klier, Chantal; Lugrin, Birgit. In Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 12, p. 1607373. Frontiers, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{klier12designing, author = {Klier, Chantal and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Frontiers in Robotics and AI}, keywords = {sia}, pages = 1607373, publisher = {Frontiers}, title = {Designing for Flourishing: A Conceptual Model for Enhancing Older Adults' Well-Being with Social Robots}, volume = 12, year = 2025 }
• {SceneFactory: A Workflow-centric and Unified Framework for Incremental Scene Modeling}. Yuan, Yijun; Bleier, Michael; N{ü}chter, Andreas. In IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO), pp. 1–20. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  We present SceneFactory, a workflow-centric and unified framework for incremental scene modeling, that conveniently supports a wide range of applications, such as (unposed and/or uncalibrated) multi-view depth estimation, LiDAR completion, (dense) RGB-D/RGB-L/Mono/Depth-only reconstruction and SLAM. The workflow-centric design uses multiple blocks as the basis for constructing different production lines. The supported applications, i.e., productions avoid redundancy in their designs. Thus, the focus is placed on each block itself for independent expansion. To support all input combinations, our implementation consists of four building blocks that form SceneFactory: (1) tracking, (2) flexion, (3) depth estimation, and (4) scene reconstruction. The tracking block is based on Mono SLAM and is extended to support RGB-D and RGB-LiDAR (RGB-L) inputs. Flexion is used to convert the depth image (untrackable) into a trackable image. For general-purpose depth estimation, we propose an unposed & uncalibrated multi-view depth estimation model (U2 -MVD) to estimate dense geometry. U2-MVD exploits dense bundle adjustment to solve for poses, intrinsics, and inverse depth. A semantic-aware ScaleCov step is then introduced to complete the multi-view depth. Relying on U2-MVD, SceneFactory both supports user-friendly 3D creation (with just images) and bridges the applications of Dense RGB-D and Dense Mono. For high-quality surface and color reconstruction, we propose Dual-purpose Multi-resolutional Neural Points (DM-NPs) for the first surface accessible Surface Color Field design, where we introduce Improved Point Rasterization (IPR) for point cloud based surface query. We implement and experiment with SceneFactory to demonstrate its broad applicability and high flexibility. Its quality also competes or exceeds the tightly-coupled state of the art approaches in all tasks. We contribute the code to the community

  @article{TRO2025, abstract = {We present SceneFactory, a workflow-centric and unified framework for incremental scene modeling, that conveniently supports a wide range of applications, such as (unposed and/or uncalibrated) multi-view depth estimation, LiDAR completion, (dense) RGB-D/RGB-L/Mono/Depth-only reconstruction and SLAM. The workflow-centric design uses multiple blocks as the basis for constructing different production lines. The supported applications, i.e., productions avoid redundancy in their designs. Thus, the focus is placed on each block itself for independent expansion. To support all input combinations, our implementation consists of four building blocks that form SceneFactory: (1) tracking, (2) flexion, (3) depth estimation, and (4) scene reconstruction. The tracking block is based on Mono SLAM and is extended to support RGB-D and RGB-LiDAR (RGB-L) inputs. Flexion is used to convert the depth image (untrackable) into a trackable image. For general-purpose depth estimation, we propose an unposed & uncalibrated multi-view depth estimation model (U2 -MVD) to estimate dense geometry. U2-MVD exploits dense bundle adjustment to solve for poses, intrinsics, and inverse depth. A semantic-aware ScaleCov step is then introduced to complete the multi-view depth. Relying on U2-MVD, SceneFactory both supports user-friendly 3D creation (with just images) and bridges the applications of Dense RGB-D and Dense Mono. For high-quality surface and color reconstruction, we propose Dual-purpose Multi-resolutional Neural Points (DM-NPs) for the first surface accessible Surface Color Field design, where we introduce Improved Point Rasterization (IPR) for point cloud based surface query. We implement and experiment with SceneFactory to demonstrate its broad applicability and high flexibility. Its quality also competes or exceeds the tightly-coupled state of the art approaches in all tasks. We contribute the code to the community}, author = {Yuan, Yijun and Bleier, Michael and N{\"u}chter, Andreas}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1-20}, title = {{SceneFactory: A Workflow-centric and Unified Framework for Incremental Scene Modeling}}, year = 2025 }
• Universal Quality Metrics for Graph Drawings: Which Graphs Excite Us Most?. Mooney, Gavin J.; Hegemann, Tim; Wolff, Alexander; Wybrow, Michael; Purchase, Helen C. In Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD), Vol. 357 of LIPIcs, F. Montecchiani, V. Dujmović (eds.), pp. 30:1–30:20. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Graphs are drawn for various purposes, and drawings are meant to display various features of a graph (such as planarity, Hamiltonicity). Still, there is a long history in measuring the quality of a graph drawing. Most of the metrics that have been implemented and used in large studies assume that graphs are drawn straight-line. Most of the studies use randomly generated graphs or one of very few existing benchmark sets that consist of graphs with a specific technical background (e.g., telecommunication networks). In this paper, we extend ten commonly used metrics to node-link diagrams where edges can be curves or polygonal chains. We implement these measures and use them to evaluate a new collection of graph drawings that we have extracted from 27 proceedings of the Graph Drawing conference using an automated pipeline. We compare the "metrics landscape" of our new benchmark set, the GD-collection-v1, which seems to mostly contain manually drawn graphs, to the metric landscape of a benchmark set with randomly generated graphs and computer-generated straight-line drawings that has been used in a recent study [Mooney et al.; PacificVis 2024]. Comparing the GD-collection-v1 with the Mooney at al. dataset reveals a distinct metrics landscape: GD drawings come from much smaller graphs (median vertex number 11 vs. 48) and therefore attain higher medians on most readability metrics. For example, Neighbourhood Preservation (0.5 vs. 0.239) is markedly higher in the GD-collection-v1. We also find that a large proportion of extracted drawings contain curved and/or polygonal edges (57%), motivating the extended metric definitions.

  @inproceedings{10.4230/lipics.gd.2025.30, abstract = {Graphs are drawn for various purposes, and drawings are meant to display various features of a graph (such as planarity, Hamiltonicity). Still, there is a long history in measuring the quality of a graph drawing. Most of the metrics that have been implemented and used in large studies assume that graphs are drawn straight-line. Most of the studies use randomly generated graphs or one of very few existing benchmark sets that consist of graphs with a specific technical background (e.g., telecommunication networks). In this paper, we extend ten commonly used metrics to node-link diagrams where edges can be curves or polygonal chains. We implement these measures and use them to evaluate a new collection of graph drawings that we have extracted from 27 proceedings of the Graph Drawing conference using an automated pipeline. We compare the "metrics landscape" of our new benchmark set, the GD-collection-v1, which seems to mostly contain manually drawn graphs, to the metric landscape of a benchmark set with randomly generated graphs and computer-generated straight-line drawings that has been used in a recent study [Mooney et al.; PacificVis 2024]. Comparing the GD-collection-v1 with the Mooney at al. dataset reveals a distinct metrics landscape: GD drawings come from much smaller graphs (median vertex number 11 vs. 48) and therefore attain higher medians on most readability metrics. For example, Neighbourhood Preservation (0.5 vs. 0.239) is markedly higher in the GD-collection-v1. We also find that a large proportion of extracted drawings contain curved and/or polygonal edges (57%), motivating the extended metric definitions.}, author = {Mooney, Gavin J. and Hegemann, Tim and Wolff, Alexander and Wybrow, Michael and Purchase, Helen C.}, booktitle = {Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD)}, editor = {Montecchiani, Fabrizio and Dujmović, Vida}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {30:1-30:20}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Universal Quality Metrics for Graph Drawings: Which Graphs Excite Us Most?}, volume = 357, year = 2025 }
• QoS and QoE Study of the European 5G Mobile Networks for Next Generation of Applications. Loh, Frank; Raithel, Flavian; Raffeck, Simon; Seufert, Anika; Fröhler, Robert; Heller, Claus; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Communications Magazine. 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2025-4, author = {Loh, Frank and Raithel, Flavian and Raffeck, Simon and Seufert, Anika and Fröhler, Robert and Heller, Claus and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {IEEE Communications Magazine}, keywords = {5gqmon}, title = {QoS and QoE Study of the European 5G Mobile Networks for Next Generation of Applications}, year = 2025 }
• Deciding the Feasibility and Minimizing the Height of Tangles. Firman, Oksana; Kindermann, Philipp; Klemz, Boris; Ravsky, Alexander; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Journal of Graph Algorithms \& Applications, 29(1), pp. 135–158. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  We study the following combinatorial problem. Given a set of $n$ y-monotone Jordan curves, called \emph{wires}, a \emph{tangle} determines the order of the wires on a number of horizontal \emph{layers} such that the orders of the wires on any two consecutive layers differ only in swaps of neighboring wires. Given a multiset~$L$ of \emph{swaps} (that is, unordered pairs of wires) and an initial order of the wires, a tangle \emph{realizes}~$L$ if each pair of wires changes its order exactly as many times as specified by~$L$. \listFeasibility is the problem of finding a tangle that realizes a given list~$L$ for a prescribed initial order if such a tangle exists. The \tangleMinimization problem additionally aims to find a tangle that uses the minimum number of layers. \listFeasibility (and therefore \tangleMinimization) is NP-hard [Yamanaka et al., CCCG 2018]. \par We prove that \listFeasibility remains NP-hard if every pair of wires swaps only a constant number of times. On the positive side, we present an algorithm for \tangleMinimization that computes an optimal tangle for $n$ wires and a given list~$L$ of swaps in $\oh((|L|/n^2+1)^{n^2/2} \cdot \varphi^n \cdot n! \cdot n \cdot \min\{|L|,n^2\}\cdot \log|L|)$ time, where $\varphi \approx 1.618$ is the golden ratio and $|L|$ is the total number of swaps in~$L$. \par Obviously, this algorithm solves \listFeasibility, too. We show that \listFeasibility can also be solved by a simpler and faster version of the algorithm. Moreover, the algorithm helps us to show that \listFeasibility is in NP and fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the number of wires. For \emph{simple} lists, where every swap occurs at most once, we show how to solve \tangleMinimization in $\oh(n!\varphi^n)$ time.

  @article{fkkrwz-dfmht-JGAA25, abstract = {We study the following combinatorial problem. Given a set of $n$ y-monotone Jordan curves, called \emph{wires}, a \emph{tangle} determines the order of the wires on a number of horizontal \emph{layers} such that the orders of the wires on any two consecutive layers differ only in swaps of neighboring wires. Given a multiset $L$ of \emph{swaps} (that is, unordered pairs of wires) and an initial order of the wires, a tangle \emph{realizes} $L$ if each pair of wires changes its order exactly as many times as specified by $L$. \listFeasibility is the problem of finding a tangle that realizes a given list $L$ for a prescribed initial order if such a tangle exists. The \tangleMinimization problem additionally aims to find a tangle that uses the minimum number of layers. \listFeasibility (and therefore \tangleMinimization) is NP-hard [Yamanaka et al., CCCG 2018]. \par We prove that \listFeasibility remains NP-hard if every pair of wires swaps only a constant number of times. On the positive side, we present an algorithm for \tangleMinimization that computes an optimal tangle for $n$ wires and a given list $L$ of swaps in $\oh((|L|/n^2+1)^{n^2/2} \cdot \varphi^n \cdot n! \cdot n \cdot \min\{|L|,n^2\}\cdot \log|L|)$ time, where $\varphi \approx 1.618$ is the golden ratio and $|L|$ is the total number of swaps in $L$. \par Obviously, this algorithm solves \listFeasibility, too. We show that \listFeasibility can also be solved by a simpler and faster version of the algorithm. Moreover, the algorithm helps us to show that \listFeasibility is in NP and fixed-parameter tractable with respect to the number of wires. For \emph{simple} lists, where every swap occurs at most once, we show how to solve \tangleMinimization in $\oh(n!\varphi^n)$ time.}, author = {Firman, Oksana and Kindermann, Philipp and Klemz, Boris and Ravsky, Alexander and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, journal = {Journal of Graph Algorithms \& Applications}, keywords = {height}, number = 1, pages = {135–158}, title = {Deciding the Feasibility and Minimizing the Height of Tangles}, volume = 29, year = 2025 }
• Universal Quality Metrics for Graph Drawings: Which Graphs Excite Us Most?. Mooney, Gavin J.; Hegemann, Tim; Wolff, Alexander; Wybrow, Michael; Purchase, Helen. In Proc. 33rd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 357 of LIPIcs, F. Frati, V. Dujmović (eds.). 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{mhwwp-uqmgd-GD25, author = {Mooney, Gavin J. and Hegemann, Tim and Wolff, Alexander and Wybrow, Michael and Purchase, Helen}, booktitle = {Proc. 33rd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Frati, Fabrizio and Dujmović, Vida}, keywords = {myown}, note = {To appear.}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Universal Quality Metrics for Graph Drawings: Which Graphs Excite Us Most?}, volume = 357, year = 2025 }
• Minimum Monotone Spanning Trees. {Di Giacomo}, Emilio; Didimo, Walter; Katsanou, Eleni; Schlipf, Lena; Symvonis, Antonios; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 51st Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM), Vol. 15538 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, R. Královič, V. Kůrková (eds.), pp. 1–16. Springer-Verlag, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{ddkssw-mmst-SOFSEM25, author = {{Di Giacomo}, Emilio and Didimo, Walter and Katsanou, Eleni and Schlipf, Lena and Symvonis, Antonios and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 51st Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM)}, editor = {Královič, Rastislav and Kůrková, Věra}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1–16}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Minimum Monotone Spanning Trees}, volume = 15538, year = 2025 }
• Real-World Testing Matters in Reinforcement Learning for Education. Riedmann, Anna; D’Eramo, Carlo; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2025), pp. 1764–1773. IFAAMAS, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{riedmann2025realworldtesting, author = {Riedmann, Anna and D'Eramo, Carlo and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2025)}, keywords = {sia}, pages = {1764–1773}, publisher = {IFAAMAS}, title = {Real-World Testing Matters in Reinforcement Learning for Education}, year = 2025 }
• Server Energy Efficiency Benchmarks. von Kistowski, J{’o}akim; Meißner, Maximilian; Lange, Klaus-Dieter; Arnold, Jeremy A. In Systems Benchmarking: For Scientists and Engineers, pp. 247–265. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This chapter starts by introducing the fundamentals of power and efficiency measurements and then describes a power and performance benchmark methodology developed by the SPECpower committee for commodity servers. It is designed to characterize and rate the energy efficiency of a system under test for multiple load levels, showcasing load level differences in system behavior regarding energy efficiency. The methodology was first implemented in the SPECpower{_}ssj 2008 benchmark and later extended with more workloads, metrics, and other application areas for the SPEC Server Efficiency Rating Tool (SERT) suite. The SERT suite was developed to fill the need for a rating tool that can be utilized by government agencies in their regulatory programs, for example, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the use in their ENERGY STAR program for servers.

  @incollection{sbBookSecondEd, abstract = {This chapter starts by introducing the fundamentals of power and efficiency measurements and then describes a power and performance benchmark methodology developed by the SPECpower committee for commodity servers. It is designed to characterize and rate the energy efficiency of a system under test for multiple load levels, showcasing load level differences in system behavior regarding energy efficiency. The methodology was first implemented in the SPECpower{_}ssj 2008 benchmark and later extended with more workloads, metrics, and other application areas for the SPEC Server Efficiency Rating Tool (SERT) suite. The SERT suite was developed to fill the need for a rating tool that can be utilized by government agencies in their regulatory programs, for example, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the use in their ENERGY STAR program for servers.}, address = {Cham}, author = {von Kistowski, J{'o}akim and Mei{\ss}ner, Maximilian and Lange, Klaus-Dieter and Arnold, Jeremy A.}, booktitle = {Systems Benchmarking: For Scientists and Engineers}, keywords = {t_bookchapter}, pages = {247–265}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {Server Energy Efficiency Benchmarks}, year = 2025 }
• aVeRsive tension: A new virtual reality paradigm to assess emotional arousal in adolescent and young adult patients with symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Mittermeier, Sabrina; Gregorova, Klara; Goettfert, Christopher; Merz, Christian; Weiß, Martin; Krauss, Jana; Franke, Sarah; Reiter, Andrea; Wienrich, Carolin; Buerger, Arne. In International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 25(2), p. 100583. 2025.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Background High emotional arousal (EA) is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). While virtual reality (VR) has shown promise in treating emotion-based disorders, research on VR applications for BPD remains limited, especially in adolescence. This study aimed to validate a novel VR-based aVeRsive tension paradigm for assessing EA in adolescents and young adults with BPD symptoms. Methods In a multimodal study, we investigated the validity of aVeRsive tension: We surveyed 62 patients with BPD symptoms and 62 healthy controls (HC) aged 13–25 years who completed two VR sessions (stress/control condition). Each session included an adapted Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) followed by a cyberball paradigm. Subjective EA ratings and physiological measurements were taken during the sessions. Results The BPD group showed significantly higher EA levels compared to HC across both conditions. While both groups exhibited peak EA after TSST, HC demonstrated EA reduction during Cyberball in both conditions. The BPD group maintained elevated EA levels in the stress condition. Physiological data partially supported these findings, with the BPD group showing higher heart rates, particularly during Cyberball in the stress condition. Discussion The aVeRsive tension paradigm successfully discriminated between BPD and HC groups, capturing both subjective and physiological responses. The sustained EA in the BPD group during stress conditions aligns with characteristic emotion dysregulation patterns. While task-specific effects were observed, with TSST eliciting stronger responses than Cyberball, the paradigm effectively simulated real-life stressors in a controlled VR environment. Conclusion This study validates the aVeRsive tension protocol as a promising tool for assessing EA in adolescents and young adults with BPD symptoms. The VR-based approach offers advantages in experimental control and ecological validity, showing potential for both diagnostic assessment and therapeutic intervention in clinical settings.

  @article{mittermeier2025aversive, abstract = {Background High emotional arousal (EA) is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). While virtual reality (VR) has shown promise in treating emotion-based disorders, research on VR applications for BPD remains limited, especially in adolescence. This study aimed to validate a novel VR-based aVeRsive tension paradigm for assessing EA in adolescents and young adults with BPD symptoms. Methods In a multimodal study, we investigated the validity of aVeRsive tension: We surveyed 62 patients with BPD symptoms and 62 healthy controls (HC) aged 13–25 years who completed two VR sessions (stress/control condition). Each session included an adapted Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) followed by a cyberball paradigm. Subjective EA ratings and physiological measurements were taken during the sessions. Results The BPD group showed significantly higher EA levels compared to HC across both conditions. While both groups exhibited peak EA after TSST, HC demonstrated EA reduction during Cyberball in both conditions. The BPD group maintained elevated EA levels in the stress condition. Physiological data partially supported these findings, with the BPD group showing higher heart rates, particularly during Cyberball in the stress condition. Discussion The aVeRsive tension paradigm successfully discriminated between BPD and HC groups, capturing both subjective and physiological responses. The sustained EA in the BPD group during stress conditions aligns with characteristic emotion dysregulation patterns. While task-specific effects were observed, with TSST eliciting stronger responses than Cyberball, the paradigm effectively simulated real-life stressors in a controlled VR environment. Conclusion This study validates the aVeRsive tension protocol as a promising tool for assessing EA in adolescents and young adults with BPD symptoms. The VR-based approach offers advantages in experimental control and ecological validity, showing potential for both diagnostic assessment and therapeutic intervention in clinical settings.}, author = {Mittermeier, Sabrina and Gregorova, Klara and Goettfert, Christopher and Merz, Christian and Weiß, Martin and Krauss, Jana and Franke, Sarah and Reiter, Andrea and Wienrich, Carolin and Buerger, Arne}, journal = {International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology}, keywords = {merz}, number = 2, pages = 100583, title = {aVeRsive tension: A new virtual reality paradigm to assess emotional arousal in adolescent and young adult patients with symptoms of borderline personality disorder}, volume = 25, year = 2025 }
• Microservice Benchmark Applications. von Kistowski, J{ó}akim; Eismann, Simon; Lubas, Yannik; Schmitt, Norbert; Bauer, Andr{é}; Grohmann, Johannes; Kounev, Samuel. In Systems Benchmarking: For Scientists and Engineers, pp. 305–321. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2025.
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  This chapter provides an overview of well-established microservice benchmark applications used in research. Further, it describes TeaStore as a selected example in more detail. Based on this description, we also showcase two case studies using TeaStore as an example of the usage of a microservice benchmark in practice.

  @inbook{vonKistowski2025, abstract = {This chapter provides an overview of well-established microservice benchmark applications used in research. Further, it describes TeaStore as a selected example in more detail. Based on this description, we also showcase two case studies using TeaStore as an example of the usage of a microservice benchmark in practice.}, address = {Cham}, author = {von Kistowski, J{\'o}akim and Eismann, Simon and Lubas, Yannik and Schmitt, Norbert and Bauer, Andr{\'e} and Grohmann, Johannes and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Systems Benchmarking: For Scientists and Engineers}, keywords = {t_bookchapter}, pages = {305–321}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {Microservice Benchmark Applications}, year = 2025 }
• PreAdapter: Pre-training Language Models on Knowledge Graphs. Omeliyanenko, Janna; Hotho, Andreas; Schl{ö}r, Daniel. In The Semantic Web -- ISWC 2024, G. Demartini, K. Hose, M. Acosta, M. Palmonari, G. Cheng, H. Skaf-Molli, N. Ferranti, D. Hern{á}ndez, A. Hogan (eds.), pp. 210–226. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2025.
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  Pre-trained language models have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in various downstream tasks such as summarization, sentiment classification, and question answering. Leveraging vast amounts of textual data during training, these models inherently hold a certain amount of factual knowledge, which is particularly beneficial for knowledge-driven tasks such as question answering. However, the knowledge implicitly contained within the language models is not complete. Consequently, many studies incorporate additional knowledge from Semantic Web resources such as knowledge graphs, which provide an explicit representation of knowledge in the form of triples.

  @inproceedings{10.1007/978-3-031-77850-6_12, abstract = {Pre-trained language models have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in various downstream tasks such as summarization, sentiment classification, and question answering. Leveraging vast amounts of textual data during training, these models inherently hold a certain amount of factual knowledge, which is particularly beneficial for knowledge-driven tasks such as question answering. However, the knowledge implicitly contained within the language models is not complete. Consequently, many studies incorporate additional knowledge from Semantic Web resources such as knowledge graphs, which provide an explicit representation of knowledge in the form of triples.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Omeliyanenko, Janna and Hotho, Andreas and Schl{\"o}r, Daniel}, booktitle = {The Semantic Web – ISWC 2024}, editor = {Demartini, Gianluca and Hose, Katja and Acosta, Maribel and Palmonari, Matteo and Cheng, Gong and Skaf-Molli, Hala and Ferranti, Nicolas and Hern{\'a}ndez, Daniel and Hogan, Aidan}, keywords = {graph}, pages = {210–226}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {PreAdapter: Pre-training Language Models on Knowledge Graphs}, year = 2025 }
• Optimizing Wiggle in Storylines. Dobler, Alexander; Hegemann, Tim; Nöllenburg, Martin; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 33rd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 357 of LIPIcs, F. Frati, V. Dujmović (eds.). 2025.
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  @inproceedings{dhnw-ows-GD25, author = {Dobler, Alexander and Hegemann, Tim and Nöllenburg, Martin and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 33rd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Frati, Fabrizio and Dujmović, Vida}, keywords = {myown}, note = {To appear.}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Optimizing Wiggle in Storylines}, volume = 357, year = 2025 }
• Measuring and Improving the Quality of Experience of Trending Internet Applications in Mobile Networks. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Seufert, Anika. PhD dissertation. University of Würzburg, 2025, January.
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  @phdthesis{info3-dissertation-2025-1, author = {Seufert, Anika}, keywords = {myown}, month = {01}, school = {University of Würzburg}, title = {Measuring and Improving the Quality of Experience of Trending Internet Applications in Mobile Networks}, year = 2025 }
• When Fear Overshadows Perceived Plausibility: The Influence of Incongruencies on Acrophobia in VR. Brübach, Larissa; Celikhan, Deniz; Rüffert, Lennard; Westermeier, Franziska; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In . IEEE Computer Science, 2025.
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  Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) has become an effective, customizable, and affordable treatment for various psychological and physiological disorders. Specifically, it is used to treat specific anxiety disorders, such as acrophobia or arachnophobia, for decades. However, to ensure a positive outcome for patients, we must understand and control the effects potentially caused by the technology and medium of Virtual Reality (VR) itself. This article specifically investigates the impact of the Plausibility illusion (Psi), as one of the two theorized presence components, on the fear of heights. In two experiments, 30 participants each experienced two different heights with congruent and incongruent object behaviors in a 2 x 2 within-subject design. Results show that the strength of the congruence manipulation plays a significant role. Only when incongruencies are strong enough will they be recognized by users, specifically in high fear conditions, as triggered by exposure to increased heights. If incongruencies are too subtle, they seem to be overshadowed by the stronger fear reactions. Our evidence contributes to recent theories of VR effects and emphasizes the importance of understanding and controlling factors potentially assumed to be incidental, specifically during VRET designs. Incongruencies should be controlled so that they do not have an unwanted influence on the patient's fear response.

  @proceedings{brubach2025overshadows, abstract = {Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) has become an effective, customizable, and affordable treatment for various psychological and physiological disorders. Specifically, it is used to treat specific anxiety disorders, such as acrophobia or arachnophobia, for decades. However, to ensure a positive outcome for patients, we must understand and control the effects potentially caused by the technology and medium of Virtual Reality (VR) itself. This article specifically investigates the impact of the Plausibility illusion (Psi), as one of the two theorized presence components, on the fear of heights. In two experiments, 30 participants each experienced two different heights with congruent and incongruent object behaviors in a 2 x 2 within-subject design. Results show that the strength of the congruence manipulation plays a significant role. Only when incongruencies are strong enough will they be recognized by users, specifically in high fear conditions, as triggered by exposure to increased heights. If incongruencies are too subtle, they seem to be overshadowed by the stronger fear reactions. Our evidence contributes to recent theories of VR effects and emphasizes the importance of understanding and controlling factors potentially assumed to be incidental, specifically during VRET designs. Incongruencies should be controlled so that they do not have an unwanted influence on the patient's fear response.}, author = {Brübach, Larissa and Celikhan, Deniz and Rüffert, Lennard and Westermeier, Franziska and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Virtual Reality conference (VR '25)}, keywords = {xrhub}, month = {03}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Science}, title = {When Fear Overshadows Perceived Plausibility: The Influence of Incongruencies on Acrophobia in VR}, year = 2025 }
• VIPNANO: Monitoring of Virtual Private Cloud Networks for Automated Anomaly Detection. Sichermann, Marleen; Dietz, Katharina; Kögel, Jochen; Meier, Sebastian; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 4. GI/ITG KuVS Fachgespräch "Network Softwarization" (KuVS FG NetSoft). Tübingen, Germany, 2025.
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  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-2, address = {Tübingen, Germany}, author = {Sichermann, Marleen and Dietz, Katharina and Kögel, Jochen and Meier, Sebastian and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {4. GI/ITG KuVS Fachgespräch "Network Softwarization" (KuVS FG NetSoft)}, keywords = {vipnano}, month = {04}, title = {VIPNANO: Monitoring of Virtual Private Cloud Networks for Automated Anomaly Detection}, year = 2025 }
• {libBICOS: eine quelloffene Softwarebibliothek mit GPU-Beschleunigung für binäre Korrespondenzsuche zur 3D-Rekonstruktion}. Liebender, C.; Bleier, M.; N{ü}chter, A. In Photogrammetrie Laserscanning Optische 3D-Messtechnik, Beitr{ä}ge der Oldenburger 3D-Tage und des BIMTages 2025, pp. 29–40. Wichmann, 2025.
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  Das folgende Forschungspapier präsentiert eine quelloffene Softwarebibliothek zur binären Korrespondenzsuche (BICOS), die effiziente 3D-Rekonstruktion mittels Stereokameras und strukturiertem Licht ermöglicht. Ausgehend von zwei Stapeln rektifizierter Stereobilder einer Szene die durch statistische Lichtmuster ausgeleuchtet wird, löst die Implementierung das Problem der pixelweisen Korrespondenzsuche. Unsere Implementierung mit GPU-Beschleu- nigung reduziert die Latenz der Tiefenbildberechnung auf weniger als 50 Millisekunden. Ausgehend vom durch DIETRICH ET AL. 2019 eingeführten BICOS-Deskriptor erweitern wir die Flexibilität des Algorithmus bzgl. anwendbarer Lichtprojektion und erhöhen die mögli- che Deskriptorgröße. Schließlich geben wir mittels Laufzeitanalysen und Beispielrekonstruk- tionen einer Stereokamera einen Ausblick auf erreichbare Genauigkeiten und Performanz. Obwohl es viele Implementierungen zur Tiefenbildberechnung auf Basis eines einzelnen Bildpaares gibt, ist dies für Algorithmen auf Basis von Bildstapeln mit strukturiertem Licht nicht der Fall. Deshalb hoffen wir durch die Veröffentlichung unserer Bibliothek den Einstieg in das Thema zu erleichtern. Der Quellcode ist verfügbar unter \url{https://github.com/JMUWRobotics/libBICOS} unter der GNU LGPLv3.

  @inproceedings{3DTAGE2025, abstract = {Das folgende Forschungspapier präsentiert eine quelloffene Softwarebibliothek zur binären Korrespondenzsuche (BICOS), die effiziente 3D-Rekonstruktion mittels Stereokameras und strukturiertem Licht ermöglicht. Ausgehend von zwei Stapeln rektifizierter Stereobilder einer Szene die durch statistische Lichtmuster ausgeleuchtet wird, löst die Implementierung das Problem der pixelweisen Korrespondenzsuche. Unsere Implementierung mit GPU-Beschleu- nigung reduziert die Latenz der Tiefenbildberechnung auf weniger als 50 Millisekunden. Ausgehend vom durch DIETRICH ET AL. 2019 eingeführten BICOS-Deskriptor erweitern wir die Flexibilität des Algorithmus bzgl. anwendbarer Lichtprojektion und erhöhen die mögli- che Deskriptorgröße. Schließlich geben wir mittels Laufzeitanalysen und Beispielrekonstruk- tionen einer Stereokamera einen Ausblick auf erreichbare Genauigkeiten und Performanz. Obwohl es viele Implementierungen zur Tiefenbildberechnung auf Basis eines einzelnen Bildpaares gibt, ist dies für Algorithmen auf Basis von Bildstapeln mit strukturiertem Licht nicht der Fall. Deshalb hoffen wir durch die Veröffentlichung unserer Bibliothek den Einstieg in das Thema zu erleichtern. Der Quellcode ist verfügbar unter \url{https://github.com/JMUWRobotics/libBICOS} unter der GNU LGPLv3.}, author = {Liebender, C. and Bleier, M. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Photogrammetrie Laserscanning Optische 3D-Messtechnik, Beitr{\"a}ge der Oldenburger 3D-Tage und des BIMTages 2025}, keywords = {author}, month = {02}, pages = {29–40}, publisher = {Wichmann}, title = {{libBICOS: eine quelloffene Softwarebibliothek mit GPU-Beschleunigung für binäre Korrespondenzsuche zur 3D-Rekonstruktion}}, year = 2025 }
• To Cap or not to Cap: Bandwidth Capping Effects on Network Interactions and QoE of Competing Short Video Streams. Wehner, Nikolas; Karagkioules, Theodoros; Halepovic, Emir; Simonovski, Filip; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In 16th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys). Stellenbosch, South Africa, 2025.
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  Delivering popular short video streaming services like TikTok, Instagram Reels, or YouTube Shorts, poses substantial challenges for service providers and network operators. This is not only due to high download volumes but also due to high-volume pre-loading strategies that cause high bandwidth demand variations. These strategies, designed to reduce initial delays, can additionally lead to bandwidth excess when users swipe quickly through videos and consume only a fraction of downloaded content. This creates inefficiencies and unbalanced network resource utilization, particularly in competitive bandwidth environments. To address these challenges, we investigate the effectiveness of bandwidth capping in this paper, i.e., limiting the throughput of video flows in the network. We conduct measurement studies to analyze the impact of capping on network interactions and Quality of Experience (QoE) of three popular short video services in different scenarios. We find that capping substantially reduces download volume (15% - 45% median reduction) and bandwidth excess (18% - 52% mean reduction), while bandwidth utilization fairness improves. Meanwhile, QoE surprisingly remains nearly unaffected in most cases, with only minor statistical differences in a few scenarios.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2025-1, abstract = {Delivering popular short video streaming services like TikTok, Instagram Reels, or YouTube Shorts, poses substantial challenges for service providers and network operators. This is not only due to high download volumes but also due to high-volume pre-loading strategies that cause high bandwidth demand variations. These strategies, designed to reduce initial delays, can additionally lead to bandwidth excess when users swipe quickly through videos and consume only a fraction of downloaded content. This creates inefficiencies and unbalanced network resource utilization, particularly in competitive bandwidth environments. To address these challenges, we investigate the effectiveness of bandwidth capping in this paper, i.e., limiting the throughput of video flows in the network. We conduct measurement studies to analyze the impact of capping on network interactions and Quality of Experience (QoE) of three popular short video services in different scenarios. We find that capping substantially reduces download volume (15% - 45% median reduction) and bandwidth excess (18% - 52% mean reduction), while bandwidth utilization fairness improves. Meanwhile, QoE surprisingly remains nearly unaffected in most cases, with only minor statistical differences in a few scenarios.}, address = {Stellenbosch, South Africa}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Karagkioules, Theodoros and Halepovic, Emir and Simonovski, Filip and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {16th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, title = {To Cap or not to Cap: Bandwidth Capping Effects on Network Interactions and QoE of Competing Short Video Streams}, year = 2025 }
• {CNN}-based {P}ose {E}stimation of a {N}on-{C}ooperative {S}pacecraft with {S}ymmetries from {L}idar {P}oint {C}louds. Renaut, L.; Frei, H.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems (TAES), 61(2), pp. 1–16. 2025.
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  Light detection and ranging (lidar) sensors provide accurate 3D point clouds for non-cooperative spacecraft pose estimation. Several robust methods such as Iterative Closest Point (ICP) exist to perform a local refinement of the pose starting from an initial estimate. However, finding the initial pose of the spacecraft is a global optimization problem which is challenging to solve in real-time. This is especially true on space hardware with limited computing power. In addition, many spacecrafts have a shape with multiple symmetries, making an unambiguous initial pose estimation impossible. This work introduces a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based pose estimation method, accounting for potential symmetries of the target satellite. The point clouds are projected to a 2D depth image before being processed by the network. To generate a sufficient amount of training data, a lidar simulator integrating multiple effects such as reflections or laser beam divergence is developed. While being trained solely on synthetic point clouds, the pose estimation method shows to be precise, efficient and reliable when evaluated on real point clouds taken at a hardware-in-the-loop rendezvous test facility. A runtime evaluation on potential space computing hardware is also performed to demonstrate the applicability of the method to real-time onboard pose estimation.

  @article{TAES2024, abstract = {Light detection and ranging (lidar) sensors provide accurate 3D point clouds for non-cooperative spacecraft pose estimation. Several robust methods such as Iterative Closest Point (ICP) exist to perform a local refinement of the pose starting from an initial estimate. However, finding the initial pose of the spacecraft is a global optimization problem which is challenging to solve in real-time. This is especially true on space hardware with limited computing power. In addition, many spacecrafts have a shape with multiple symmetries, making an unambiguous initial pose estimation impossible. This work introduces a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based pose estimation method, accounting for potential symmetries of the target satellite. The point clouds are projected to a 2D depth image before being processed by the network. To generate a sufficient amount of training data, a lidar simulator integrating multiple effects such as reflections or laser beam divergence is developed. While being trained solely on synthetic point clouds, the pose estimation method shows to be precise, efficient and reliable when evaluated on real point clouds taken at a hardware-in-the-loop rendezvous test facility. A runtime evaluation on potential space computing hardware is also performed to demonstrate the applicability of the method to real-time onboard pose estimation.}, author = {Renaut, L. and Frei, H. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems (TAES)}, keywords = {author}, month = {04}, number = 2, pages = {1–16}, title = {{CNN}-based {P}ose {E}stimation of a {N}on-{C}ooperative {S}pacecraft with {S}ymmetries from {L}idar {P}oint {C}louds}, volume = 61, year = 2025 }
• Modeling and Analyzing the Influence of Non-Item Pages on Sequential Next-Item Prediction. Fischer, Elisabeth; Zehe, Albin; Hotho, Andreas; Schlör, Daniel. In ACM Trans. Recomm. Syst. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2025.
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  Analyzing sequences of interactions between users and items, sequential recommendation models can learn user intent and make predictions about the next item. Next to item interactions, most systems also have interactions with what we call non-item pages: these pages are not related to specific items but still can provide insights into the user’s interests, as, for example, navigation pages. We therefore propose a general way to include these non-item pages in sequential recommendation models to enhance next-item prediction. First, we demonstrate the influence of non-item pages on following interactions using the hypotheses testing framework HypTrails and propose methods for representing non-item pages in sequential recommendation models. Subsequently, we adapt popular sequential recommender models to integrate non-item pages and investigate their performance with different item representation strategies as well as their ability to handle noisy data. To show the general capabilities of the models to integrate non-item pages, we create a synthetic dataset for a controlled setting and then evaluate the improvements from including non-item pages on two real-world datasets. Our results show that non-item pages are a valuable source of information, and incorporating them in sequential recommendation models increases the performance of next-item prediction across all analyzed model architectures.

  @article{fischer2025modeling, abstract = {Analyzing sequences of interactions between users and items, sequential recommendation models can learn user intent and make predictions about the next item. Next to item interactions, most systems also have interactions with what we call non-item pages: these pages are not related to specific items but still can provide insights into the user’s interests, as, for example, navigation pages. We therefore propose a general way to include these non-item pages in sequential recommendation models to enhance next-item prediction. First, we demonstrate the influence of non-item pages on following interactions using the hypotheses testing framework HypTrails and propose methods for representing non-item pages in sequential recommendation models. Subsequently, we adapt popular sequential recommender models to integrate non-item pages and investigate their performance with different item representation strategies as well as their ability to handle noisy data. To show the general capabilities of the models to integrate non-item pages, we create a synthetic dataset for a controlled setting and then evaluate the improvements from including non-item pages on two real-world datasets. Our results show that non-item pages are a valuable source of information, and incorporating them in sequential recommendation models increases the performance of next-item prediction across all analyzed model architectures.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Fischer, Elisabeth and Zehe, Albin and Hotho, Andreas and Schlör, Daniel}, journal = {ACM Trans. Recomm. Syst.}, keywords = {author:zehe}, month = {03}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Modeling and Analyzing the Influence of Non-Item Pages on Sequential Next-Item Prediction}, year = 2025 }
• Does Task Matter? Task-Dependent Effects of Cross-Device Collaboration on Social Presence. Merz, Christian; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW). IEEE Computer Science, 2025.
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  In this work, we explored asymmetric collaboration under two distinct tasks: collaborative sorting and conversational talking tasks. We answer the research question of how different tasks impact the user experience in asymmetric interaction. Our mixed design compared one symmetric and one asymmetric interaction and two tasks, assessing self-perception (presence, embodiment), other-perception (co-presence, social presence, plausibility), and task perception (task load, enjoyment). 52 participants collaborated in dyads on the two tasks, either using head-mounted displays (HMDs) or one participant using an HMD and the other a desktop setup. Results indicate that differences in social presence diminished or disappeared during the purely conversational talking task in comparison to the sorting task. This indicates that differences in how we perceive a social interaction, which is caused by asymmetric interaction, only occur during specific use cases. These findings underscore the critical role of task characteristics in shaping users’ social XR experiences and highlight that asymmetric collaboration can be effective across different use cases and is even on par with symmetric interaction during conversations.

  @inproceedings{merz2025taskasymmetry, abstract = {In this work, we explored asymmetric collaboration under two distinct tasks: collaborative sorting and conversational talking tasks. We answer the research question of how different tasks impact the user experience in asymmetric interaction. Our mixed design compared one symmetric and one asymmetric interaction and two tasks, assessing self-perception (presence, embodiment), other-perception (co-presence, social presence, plausibility), and task perception (task load, enjoyment). 52 participants collaborated in dyads on the two tasks, either using head-mounted displays (HMDs) or one participant using an HMD and the other a desktop setup. Results indicate that differences in social presence diminished or disappeared during the purely conversational talking task in comparison to the sorting task. This indicates that differences in how we perceive a social interaction, which is caused by asymmetric interaction, only occur during specific use cases. These findings underscore the critical role of task characteristics in shaping users’ social XR experiences and highlight that asymmetric collaboration can be effective across different use cases and is even on par with symmetric interaction during conversations.}, author = {Merz, Christian and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW)}, keywords = {merz}, month = {03}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Science}, title = {Does Task Matter? Task-Dependent Effects of Cross-Device Collaboration on Social Presence}, year = 2025 }
• Do You Feel Better? The Impact of Embodying Photorealistic Avatars with Ideal Body Weight on Attractiveness and Self-Esteem in Virtual Reality. Holderrieth, Lena; Wolf, Erik; Fiedler, Marie Luisa; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW), pp. 1404–1405. IEEE Computer Science, 2025.
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  Body weight issues can manifest in low self-esteem through a negative body image or the feeling of unattractiveness. To explore potential interventions, the pilot study examined whether embodying a photorealistically personalized avatar with enhanced attractiveness affects self-esteem. Participants in the manipulation group adjusted their avatar's body weight to their self-defined ideal, while a control group used unmodified avatars. To confirm the manipulation, we measured the perceived avatars' attractiveness. Results showed that participants found avatars at their ideal weight significantly more attractive, confirming an effective manipulation. Further, the ideal weight group showed a clear trend towards higher self-esteem post-exposure.

  @inproceedings{holderrieth2025better, abstract = {Body weight issues can manifest in low self-esteem through a negative body image or the feeling of unattractiveness. To explore potential interventions, the pilot study examined whether embodying a photorealistically personalized avatar with enhanced attractiveness affects self-esteem. Participants in the manipulation group adjusted their avatar's body weight to their self-defined ideal, while a control group used unmodified avatars. To confirm the manipulation, we measured the perceived avatars' attractiveness. Results showed that participants found avatars at their ideal weight significantly more attractive, confirming an effective manipulation. Further, the ideal weight group showed a clear trend towards higher self-esteem post-exposure.}, author = {Holderrieth, Lena and Wolf, Erik and Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW)}, keywords = {mfiedler}, month = {03}, note = {Best Poster 🏆}, pages = {1404-1405}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Science}, title = {Do You Feel Better? The Impact of Embodying Photorealistic Avatars with Ideal Body Weight on Attractiveness and Self-Esteem in Virtual Reality}, year = 2025 }
• Towards Understanding Harassment in Social Virtual Reality: A Study Design on the Impact of Avatar Self-Similarity. Tschanter, Jonathan; Merz, Christian; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW). IEEE Computer Science, 2025.
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  In social virtual reality (VR), harassment persists as a pervasive and critical issue. Prior work emphasizes its perceived realness and emotional impact. However, the influence of avatar design, particularly the role of self-similarity, remains underexplored. Self-similar avatars can enhance user identification and engagement, yet potentially intensify the psychological and physiological effects of harassment. Existing studies often rely on interviews or user-generated content, lacking systematic analysis and controlled comparisons. To address these gaps, we present a process for creating realistic VR harassment scenarios. We built a scenario based on existing literature and validated it with expert reviews and user feedback. We propose a 2 x 2 between-subjects design to systematically examine users' emotional and physiological states, their identification with avatars, and the effects of avatar self-similarity. The study design will deepen the understanding of harassment dynamics in VR. Additionally, it can provide actionable insights for designing safer, more inclusive virtual environments that promote user well-being and foster equitable communities.

  @inproceedings{tschanter2025harassment, abstract = {In social virtual reality (VR), harassment persists as a pervasive and critical issue. Prior work emphasizes its perceived realness and emotional impact. However, the influence of avatar design, particularly the role of self-similarity, remains underexplored. Self-similar avatars can enhance user identification and engagement, yet potentially intensify the psychological and physiological effects of harassment. Existing studies often rely on interviews or user-generated content, lacking systematic analysis and controlled comparisons. To address these gaps, we present a process for creating realistic VR harassment scenarios. We built a scenario based on existing literature and validated it with expert reviews and user feedback. We propose a 2 x 2 between-subjects design to systematically examine users' emotional and physiological states, their identification with avatars, and the effects of avatar self-similarity. The study design will deepen the understanding of harassment dynamics in VR. Additionally, it can provide actionable insights for designing safer, more inclusive virtual environments that promote user well-being and foster equitable communities.}, author = {Tschanter, Jonathan and Merz, Christian and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW)}, keywords = {merz}, month = {03}, note = {IDEATExR Best Paper 🏆}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Science}, title = {Towards Understanding Harassment in Social Virtual Reality: A Study Design on the Impact of Avatar Self-Similarity}, year = 2025 }
• Ausbildung Mit {{50Ohm}}.de. Jung, Matthias. In Amateurfunk-Tagung München. München, 2025.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{jun_25, address = {München}, author = {Jung, Matthias}, booktitle = {Amateurfunk-Tagung München}, keywords = {myown}, month = {03}, title = {Ausbildung Mit {{50Ohm}}.de}, year = 2025 }
• My Co-worker ChatGPT: Development of an XR Application for Embodied Artificial Intelligence in Work Environments. Krop, Philipp; Obremski, David; Carolus, Astrid; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW). IEEE Computer Science, 2025.
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  With recent developments in spatial computing, work contexts might shift to augmented reality. Embodied AI - virtual conversa- tional agents backed by AI systems - have the potential to enhance these contexts and open up more communication channels than just text. To support knowledge transfer from virtual agent research to the general populace, we developed My CoWorker ChatGPT - an interactive demo where employees can try out various embodied AIs in a virtual office or their own using augmented reality. We use state-of-the-art speech synthesis and body-scanning technology to create believable and trustworthy AI assistants. The demo was shown at multiple events throughout Germany, where it was well received and sparked fruitful conversations about the possibilities of embodied AI in work contexts.

  @inproceedings{krop2025coworker, abstract = {With recent developments in spatial computing, work contexts might shift to augmented reality. Embodied AI - virtual conversa- tional agents backed by AI systems - have the potential to enhance these contexts and open up more communication channels than just text. To support knowledge transfer from virtual agent research to the general populace, we developed My CoWorker ChatGPT - an interactive demo where employees can try out various embodied AIs in a virtual office or their own using augmented reality. We use state-of-the-art speech synthesis and body-scanning technology to create believable and trustworthy AI assistants. The demo was shown at multiple events throughout Germany, where it was well received and sparked fruitful conversations about the possibilities of embodied AI in work contexts.}, author = {Krop, Philipp and Obremski, David and Carolus, Astrid and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW)}, keywords = {aiatwork}, month = {03}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Science}, title = {My Co-worker ChatGPT: Development of an XR Application for Embodied Artificial Intelligence in Work Environments}, year = 2025 }
• Evaluating VR and AR Mirror Exposure for Anorexia Nervosa Therapy in Adolescents: A Method Proposal for Understanding Stakeholder Perspectives. Fiedler, Marie Luisa; Bürger, Arne; Mittermeier, Sabrina; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW), pp. 965–970. IEEE Computer Science, 2025.
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  Body image distortions in anorexia nervosa pose significant therapeutic challenges, requiring innovative interventions. Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies offer promising solutions, yet stakeholder preferences, from therapists and patients, remain unexplored. This methodological proposal outlines focus groups to compare VR and AR mirror exposures using personalized and body-weight-modifiable avatars in anorexia nervosa therapy. Therapists will evaluate therapeutic potential, risks, and practicality, while adolescent patients will assess comfort, stress responses, and usability. The findings aim to advance the user-centered integration of VR and AR into anorexia nervosa therapy, addressing critical treatment gaps.

  @inproceedings{fiedler2025evaluating, abstract = {Body image distortions in anorexia nervosa pose significant therapeutic challenges, requiring innovative interventions. Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies offer promising solutions, yet stakeholder preferences, from therapists and patients, remain unexplored. This methodological proposal outlines focus groups to compare VR and AR mirror exposures using personalized and body-weight-modifiable avatars in anorexia nervosa therapy. Therapists will evaluate therapeutic potential, risks, and practicality, while adolescent patients will assess comfort, stress responses, and usability. The findings aim to advance the user-centered integration of VR and AR into anorexia nervosa therapy, addressing critical treatment gaps.}, author = {Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Bürger, Arne and Mittermeier, Sabrina and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2025 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (IEEE VRW)}, keywords = {mfiedler}, month = {03}, pages = {965-970}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Science}, title = {Evaluating VR and AR Mirror Exposure for Anorexia Nervosa Therapy in Adolescents: A Method Proposal for Understanding Stakeholder Perspectives}, year = 2025 }
• Enriching Large Language Models with Knowledge Graphs for Computational Literary Studies. Hagen, Thora; Omeliyanenko, Janna; Ehrmanntraut, Anton; Hotho, Andreas; Zehe, Albin; Jannidis, Fotis. In Handbook on Neurosymbolic AI and Knowledge Graphs. IOS Press, 2025.
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  @inbook{hagen2025enriching, author = {Hagen, Thora and Omeliyanenko, Janna and Ehrmanntraut, Anton and Hotho, Andreas and Zehe, Albin and Jannidis, Fotis}, booktitle = {Handbook on Neurosymbolic AI and Knowledge Graphs}, keywords = {knowledge}, month = {03}, publisher = {IOS Press}, title = {Enriching Large Language Models with Knowledge Graphs for Computational Literary Studies}, year = 2025 }
• Interpupillary to Inter-Camera Distance of Video See-Through AR and its Impact on Depth Perception. Westermeier, Franziska; Murmu, Chandni; Kohm, Kristopher; Pagano, Christopher; Wienrich, Carolin; V. Babu, Sabarish; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Virtual Reality conference (VR ’25), pp. 537–547. 2025.
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  Interpupillary distance (IPD) is a crucial characteristic of head-mounted displays (HMDs) because it defines an important property for generating a stereoscopic parallax, which is essential for correct depth perception. This is why contemporary HMDs offer adjustable lenses to adapt to users' individual IPDs. However, today's Video See-Through Augmented Reality (VST AR) HMDs use fixed camera placements to reconstruct the stereoscopic view of a user's environment. This leads to a potential mismatch between individual IPD settings and the fixed Inter-Camera Distances (ICD), which in turn can lead to perceptual incongruencies, limiting the usability and potentially the applicability of VST AR in depth-sensitive use cases. To investigate this incongruency between IPD and ICD, we conducted a 2x3 mixed-factor design empirical evaluation using a near-field, open-loop reaching task comparing distance judgments of Virtual Reality (VR) and VST AR. We also explored improvements in reaching performance via perceptual calibration by incorporating a feedback phase between pre- and post-phase conditions, with a particular focus on the influence of IPD-ICD differences. Our Linear Mixed Model (LMM) analysis showed a significant difference between VR and VST AR, a significant effect of IPD-ICD mismatch, as well as a combined effect of both factors. This novel insight and its consequences are discussed specifically for depth perception tasks in AR, eXtended Reality (XR), and potential use cases.

  @inproceedings{westermeier2025interpupillary, abstract = {Interpupillary distance (IPD) is a crucial characteristic of head-mounted displays (HMDs) because it defines an important property for generating a stereoscopic parallax, which is essential for correct depth perception. This is why contemporary HMDs offer adjustable lenses to adapt to users' individual IPDs. However, today's Video See-Through Augmented Reality (VST AR) HMDs use fixed camera placements to reconstruct the stereoscopic view of a user's environment. This leads to a potential mismatch between individual IPD settings and the fixed Inter-Camera Distances (ICD), which in turn can lead to perceptual incongruencies, limiting the usability and potentially the applicability of VST AR in depth-sensitive use cases. To investigate this incongruency between IPD and ICD, we conducted a 2x3 mixed-factor design empirical evaluation using a near-field, open-loop reaching task comparing distance judgments of Virtual Reality (VR) and VST AR. We also explored improvements in reaching performance via perceptual calibration by incorporating a feedback phase between pre- and post-phase conditions, with a particular focus on the influence of IPD-ICD differences. Our Linear Mixed Model (LMM) analysis showed a significant difference between VR and VST AR, a significant effect of IPD-ICD mismatch, as well as a combined effect of both factors. This novel insight and its consequences are discussed specifically for depth perception tasks in AR, eXtended Reality (XR), and potential use cases.}, author = {Westermeier, Franziska and Murmu, Chandni and Kohm, Kristopher and Pagano, Christopher and Wienrich, Carolin and V. Babu, Sabarish and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Virtual Reality conference (VR '25)}, keywords = {xrhub}, month = {03}, pages = {537-547}, title = {Interpupillary to Inter-Camera Distance of Video See-Through AR and its Impact on Depth Perception}, year = 2025 }

• Out-Of-Virtual-Body Experiences: Virtual Disembodiment Effects on Time Perception in VR. Unruh, Fabian; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, of VRST ’24, B. Weyers, D. Zielasko, R. Lindeman, S. Serafin, E. Langbehn, V. Interrante, G. Bruder, J. E. S. II, C. Borst, C. Wienrich, R. Fribourg (eds.), pp. 20:1–20:11. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
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  This paper presents a novel experiment investigating the relationship between virtual disembodiment and time perception in Virtual Reality (VR). Recent work demonstrated that the absence of a virtual body in a VR application changes the perception of time. However, the effects of simulating an out-of-body experience (OBE) in VR on time perception are still unclear. We designed an experiment with two types of virtual disembodiment techniques based on viewpoint gradual transition: a virtual body’s behind view and facing view transitions. We investigated their effects on forty-four participants in an interactive scenario where a lamp was repeatedly activated and time intervals were estimated. Our results show that, while both techniques elicited a significant virtual disembodiment perception, time duration estimations in the minute range were only shorter in the facing view compared to the eye view condition. We believe that reducing agency in the facing view is a key factor in the time perception alteration. This provides first steps towards a novel approach to manipulating time perception in VR, with potential applications for mental health treatments such as schizophrenia or depression and for improving our understanding of the relation between body, virtual body, and time.

  @inproceedings{conf/vrst/UnruhLL24, abstract = {This paper presents a novel experiment investigating the relationship between virtual disembodiment and time perception in Virtual Reality (VR). Recent work demonstrated that the absence of a virtual body in a VR application changes the perception of time. However, the effects of simulating an out-of-body experience (OBE) in VR on time perception are still unclear. We designed an experiment with two types of virtual disembodiment techniques based on viewpoint gradual transition: a virtual body’s behind view and facing view transitions. We investigated their effects on forty-four participants in an interactive scenario where a lamp was repeatedly activated and time intervals were estimated. Our results show that, while both techniques elicited a significant virtual disembodiment perception, time duration estimations in the minute range were only shorter in the facing view compared to the eye view condition. We believe that reducing agency in the facing view is a key factor in the time perception alteration. This provides first steps towards a novel approach to manipulating time perception in VR, with potential applications for mental health treatments such as schizophrenia or depression and for improving our understanding of the relation between body, virtual body, and time.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Unruh, Fabian and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology}, crossref = {conf/vrst/2024}, editor = {Weyers, Benjamin and Zielasko, Daniel and Lindeman, Rob and Serafin, Stefania and Langbehn, Eike and Interrante, Victoria and Bruder, Gerd and II, J. Edward Swan and Borst, Christoph and Wienrich, Carolin and Fribourg, Rebecca}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, number = 20, pages = {20:1-20:11}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {VRST '24}, title = {Out-Of-Virtual-Body Experiences: Virtual Disembodiment Effects on Time Perception in VR}, year = 2024 }
• Bounding the Treewidth of Outer k-Planar Graphs via Triangulations. Firman, Oksana; Gutowski, Grzegorz; Kryven, Myroslav; Okada, Yuto; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 320 of LIPIcs, S. Felsner, K. Klein (eds.), pp. 14:1–17. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{fgkow-btokp-GD24, author = {Firman, Oksana and Gutowski, Grzegorz and Kryven, Myroslav and Okada, Yuto and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Felsner, Stefan and Klein, Karsten}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {14:1–17}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Bounding the Treewidth of Outer k-Planar Graphs via Triangulations}, volume = 320, year = 2024 }
• Individual-, System-, and Application-Related Factors Influencing the Perception of Virtual Humans in Virtual Environments. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Wolf, Erik. PhD dissertation. Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, 2024.
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  Mixed, augmented, and virtual reality, collectively known as extended reality (XR), allows users to immerse themselves in virtual environments and engage in experiences surpassing reality's boundaries. Virtual humans are ubiquitous in such virtual environments and can be utilized for myriad purposes, offering the potential to greatly impact daily life. Through the embodiment of virtual humans, XR offers the opportunity to influence how we see ourselves and others. In this function, virtual humans serve as a predefined stimulus whose perception is elementary for researchers, application designers, and developers to understand. This dissertation aims to investigate the influence of individual-, system-, and application-related factors on the perception of virtual humans in virtual environments, focusing on their potential use as stimuli in the domain of body perception. Individual-related factors encompass influences based on the user's characteristics, such as appearance, attitudes, and concerns. System-related factors relate to the technical properties of the system that implements the virtual environment, such as the level of immersion. Application-related factors refer to design choices and specific implementations of virtual humans within virtual environments, such as their rendering or animation style. This dissertation provides a contextual framework and reviews the relevant literature on factors influencing the perception of virtual humans. To address identified research gaps, it reports on five empirical studies analyzing quantitative and qualitative data from a total of 165 participants. The studies utilized a custom-developed XR system, enabling users to embody rapidly generated, photorealistically personalized virtual humans that can be realistically altered in body weight and observed using different immersive XR displays. The dissertation's findings showed, for example, that embodiment and personalization of virtual humans serve as self-related cues and moderate the perception of their body weight based on the user's body weight. They also revealed a display bias that significantly influences the perception of virtual humans, with disparities in body weight perception of up to nine percent between different immersive XR displays. Based on all findings, implications for application design were derived, including recommendations regarding reconstruction, animation, body weight modification, and body weight estimation methods for virtual humans, but also for the general user experience. By revealing influences on the perception of virtual humans, this dissertation contributes to understanding the intricate relationship between users and virtual humans. The findings and implications presented have the potential to enhance the design and development of virtual humans, leading to improved user experiences and broader applications beyond the domain of body perception.

  @phdthesis{wolf2024thesis, abstract = {Mixed, augmented, and virtual reality, collectively known as extended reality (XR), allows users to immerse themselves in virtual environments and engage in experiences surpassing reality's boundaries. Virtual humans are ubiquitous in such virtual environments and can be utilized for myriad purposes, offering the potential to greatly impact daily life. Through the embodiment of virtual humans, XR offers the opportunity to influence how we see ourselves and others. In this function, virtual humans serve as a predefined stimulus whose perception is elementary for researchers, application designers, and developers to understand. This dissertation aims to investigate the influence of individual-, system-, and application-related factors on the perception of virtual humans in virtual environments, focusing on their potential use as stimuli in the domain of body perception. Individual-related factors encompass influences based on the user's characteristics, such as appearance, attitudes, and concerns. System-related factors relate to the technical properties of the system that implements the virtual environment, such as the level of immersion. Application-related factors refer to design choices and specific implementations of virtual humans within virtual environments, such as their rendering or animation style. This dissertation provides a contextual framework and reviews the relevant literature on factors influencing the perception of virtual humans. To address identified research gaps, it reports on five empirical studies analyzing quantitative and qualitative data from a total of 165 participants. The studies utilized a custom-developed XR system, enabling users to embody rapidly generated, photorealistically personalized virtual humans that can be realistically altered in body weight and observed using different immersive XR displays. The dissertation's findings showed, for example, that embodiment and personalization of virtual humans serve as self-related cues and moderate the perception of their body weight based on the user's body weight. They also revealed a display bias that significantly influences the perception of virtual humans, with disparities in body weight perception of up to nine percent between different immersive XR displays. Based on all findings, implications for application design were derived, including recommendations regarding reconstruction, animation, body weight modification, and body weight estimation methods for virtual humans, but also for the general user experience. By revealing influences on the perception of virtual humans, this dissertation contributes to understanding the intricate relationship between users and virtual humans. The findings and implications presented have the potential to enhance the design and development of virtual humans, leading to improved user experiences and broader applications beyond the domain of body perception.}, author = {Wolf, Erik}, keywords = {myown}, note = {PhD Thesis}, school = {Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg}, title = {Individual-, System-, and Application-Related Factors Influencing the Perception of Virtual Humans in Virtual Environments}, year = 2024 }
• Experimental Immersive 3D Camera Setup for Mobile Phones. Scheuerpflug, Felix; Aulbach, Christian; Pohl, Daniel; von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), pp. 881–882. IEEE, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Scheuerpflug:2024aa, author = {Scheuerpflug, Felix and Aulbach, Christian and Pohl, Daniel and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {myown}, organization = {IEEE}, pages = {881–882}, title = {Experimental Immersive 3D Camera Setup for Mobile Phones}, year = 2024 }
• Virtual Body Swapping: A VR-Based Approach to Embodied Third-Person Self-Processing in Mind-Body Therapy. Döllinger, Nina; Mal, David; Keppler, Sebastian; Wolf, Erik; Botsch, Mario; Israel, Johann Habakuk; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1–18. 2024.
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  Virtual reality (VR) offers various opportunities for innovative therapeutic approaches, especially regarding self-related mind-body interventions. We introduce a VR body swap system enabling multiple users to swap their perspectives and appearances and evaluate its effects on virtual sense of embodiment (SoE) and perception- and cognition-based self-related processes. In a self-compassion-framed scenario, twenty participants embodied their personalized, photorealistic avatar, swapped bodies with an unfamiliar peer, and reported their SoE, interoceptive awareness (perception), and self-compassion (cognition). Participants' experiences differed between bottom-up and top-down processes. Regarding SoE, their agency and self-location shifted to the swap avatar, while their top-down self-identification remained with their personalized avatar. Further, the experience positively affected interoceptive awareness but not self-compassion. Our outcomes offer novel insights into the SoE in a multiple-embodiment scenario and highlight the need to differentiate between the different processes in intervention design. They raise concerns and requirements for future research on avatar-based mind-body interventions.

  @inproceedings{dollinger2024bodyswap, abstract = {Virtual reality (VR) offers various opportunities for innovative therapeutic approaches, especially regarding self-related mind-body interventions. We introduce a VR body swap system enabling multiple users to swap their perspectives and appearances and evaluate its effects on virtual sense of embodiment (SoE) and perception- and cognition-based self-related processes. In a self-compassion-framed scenario, twenty participants embodied their personalized, photorealistic avatar, swapped bodies with an unfamiliar peer, and reported their SoE, interoceptive awareness (perception), and self-compassion (cognition). Participants' experiences differed between bottom-up and top-down processes. Regarding SoE, their agency and self-location shifted to the swap avatar, while their top-down self-identification remained with their personalized avatar. Further, the experience positively affected interoceptive awareness but not self-compassion. Our outcomes offer novel insights into the SoE in a multiple-embodiment scenario and highlight the need to differentiate between the different processes in intervention design. They raise concerns and requirements for future research on avatar-based mind-body interventions.}, author = {Döllinger, Nina and Mal, David and Keppler, Sebastian and Wolf, Erik and Botsch, Mario and Israel, Johann Habakuk and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {dmal}, pages = {1-18}, title = {Virtual Body Swapping: A VR-Based Approach to Embodied Third-Person Self-Processing in Mind-Body Therapy}, year = 2024 }
• Meta AI Literacy Scale: Further validation and development of a short version. Koch, Martin J.; Carolus, Astrid; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Heliyon, p. 23. 2024.
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  The concept of AI literacy, its promotion, and measurement are important topics as they prepare society for the steadily advancing spread of AI technology. The first purpose of the current study is to advance the measurement of AI literacy by collecting evidence regarding the validity of the Meta AI Literacy Scale (MAILS) by Carolus and colleagues published in 2023: a self-assessment instrument for AI literacy and additional psychological competencies conducive for the use of AI. For this purpose, we first formulated the intended measurement purposes of the MAILS. In a second step, we derived empirically testable axioms and subaxioms from the purposes. We tested them in several already published and newly collected data sets. The results are presented in the form of three different empirical studies. We found overall evidence for the validity of the MAILS with some unexpected findings that require further research. We discuss the results for each study individually and also together. Also, avenues for future research are discussed. The study’s second purpose is to develop a short version (10 items) of the original instrument (34 items). It was possible to find a selection of ten items that represent the factors of the MAILS and show a good model fit when tested with confirmatory factor analysis. Further research will be needed to validate the short scale. This paper advances the knowledge about the validity and provides a short measure for AI literacy. However, more research will be necessary to further our understanding of the relationships between AI literacy and other constructs.

  @article{koch2024literacy, abstract = {The concept of AI literacy, its promotion, and measurement are important topics as they prepare society for the steadily advancing spread of AI technology. The first purpose of the current study is to advance the measurement of AI literacy by collecting evidence regarding the validity of the Meta AI Literacy Scale (MAILS) by Carolus and colleagues published in 2023: a self-assessment instrument for AI literacy and additional psychological competencies conducive for the use of AI. For this purpose, we first formulated the intended measurement purposes of the MAILS. In a second step, we derived empirically testable axioms and subaxioms from the purposes. We tested them in several already published and newly collected data sets. The results are presented in the form of three different empirical studies. We found overall evidence for the validity of the MAILS with some unexpected findings that require further research. We discuss the results for each study individually and also together. Also, avenues for future research are discussed. The study’s second purpose is to develop a short version (10 items) of the original instrument (34 items). It was possible to find a selection of ten items that represent the factors of the MAILS and show a good model fit when tested with confirmatory factor analysis. Further research will be needed to validate the short scale. This paper advances the knowledge about the validity and provides a short measure for AI literacy. However, more research will be necessary to further our understanding of the relationships between AI literacy and other constructs.}, author = {Koch, Martin J. and Carolus, Astrid and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Heliyon}, keywords = {aiatwork}, pages = 23, title = {Meta AI Literacy Scale: Further validation and development of a short version}, year = 2024 }
• The Way You See Me - Comparing Results from Online Video-Taped and In-Person Robotic Storytelling Research. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Heckel, Martin; Lugrin, Birgit. In Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2024), pp. 1018–1022. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
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  During the covid-19 pandemic researchers had to find alternative ways to conduct experiments since lab-based studies were prohibited due to lock-downs and social distancing. Video-taping robots and conducting online studies is an easy approach to solve this issue, however, it is unclear whether results from online video-based studies are comparable to in-person experiments. As displaying recordings to participants in online studies is especially easy when it comes to robotic storytelling, we chose this use case for a comparison of the two methodologies and conducted a study with a NAO robot telling a humorous story with or without additional sound usage in an online- respectively lab-setting. Although differences between the presentation modes were found for robot perception, emotion induction, and storytelling experience, the main effect of sound integration did not differ between the two presentation modes, suggesting the comparability of results obtained from online video-based studies on robotic storytelling.

  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2024liveonline, abstract = {During the covid-19 pandemic researchers had to find alternative ways to conduct experiments since lab-based studies were prohibited due to lock-downs and social distancing. Video-taping robots and conducting online studies is an easy approach to solve this issue, however, it is unclear whether results from online video-based studies are comparable to in-person experiments. As displaying recordings to participants in online studies is especially easy when it comes to robotic storytelling, we chose this use case for a comparison of the two methodologies and conducted a study with a NAO robot telling a humorous story with or without additional sound usage in an online- respectively lab-setting. Although differences between the presentation modes were found for robot perception, emotion induction, and storytelling experience, the main effect of sound integration did not differ between the two presentation modes, suggesting the comparability of results obtained from online video-based studies on robotic storytelling.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Heckel, Martin and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2024)}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = {1018–1022}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {The Way You See Me - Comparing Results from Online Video-Taped and In-Person Robotic Storytelling Research}, year = 2024 }
• Towards Industrial-scale Product Configuration. Baumeister, Joachim; Herud, Konstantin; Ostrowski, Max; Reutelshoefer, Jochen; Rühling, Nicolas; Schaub, Torsten; Wanko, Philipp. In 17th International Conference on Logic Programming and Non-monotonic Reasoning, pp. 71–84. Springer, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{BHO:24, author = {Baumeister, Joachim and Herud, Konstantin and Ostrowski, Max and Reutelshoefer, Jochen and Rühling, Nicolas and Schaub, Torsten and Wanko, Philipp}, booktitle = {17th International Conference on Logic Programming and Non-monotonic Reasoning}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {71–84}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Towards Industrial-scale Product Configuration}, year = 2024 }
• The Influence of a Low-Resolution Peripheral Display Extension on the Perceived Plausibility and Presence. Brübach, Larissa; Röhm, Marius; Westermeier, Franziska; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, of VRST ’24. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
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  The Field of View (FoV) is a central technical display characteristic of Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs), which has been shown to have a notable impact on important aspects of the user experience. For example, an increased FoV has been shown to foster a sense of presence and improve peripheral information processing, but it also increases the risk of VR sickness. This article investigates the impact of a wider but inhomogeneous FoV on the perceived plausibility, measuring its effects on presence, spatial presence, and VR sickness as a comparison to and replication of effects from prior work. We developed a low-resolution peripheral display extension to pragmatically increase the FoV, taking into account the lower peripheral acuity of the human eye. While this design results in inhomogeneous resolutions of HMDs at the display edges, it also is a low complexity and low-cost extension. However, its effects on important VR qualities have to be identified. We conducted two experiments with 30 and 27 participants, respectively. In a randomized 2x3 within-subject design, participants played three rounds of bowling in VR, both with and without the display extension. Two rounds contained incongruencies to induce breaks in plausibility. In experiment 2, we enhanced one incongruency to make it more noticeable and improved the shortcomings of the display extension that had previously been identified. However, neither study measured the low-resolution FoV extension's effect in terms of perceived plausibility, presence, spatial presence, or VR sickness. We found that one of the incongruencies could cause a break in plausibility without the extension, confirming the results of a previous study.

  @inproceedings{brubach2024influence, abstract = {The Field of View (FoV) is a central technical display characteristic of Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs), which has been shown to have a notable impact on important aspects of the user experience. For example, an increased FoV has been shown to foster a sense of presence and improve peripheral information processing, but it also increases the risk of VR sickness. This article investigates the impact of a wider but inhomogeneous FoV on the perceived plausibility, measuring its effects on presence, spatial presence, and VR sickness as a comparison to and replication of effects from prior work. We developed a low-resolution peripheral display extension to pragmatically increase the FoV, taking into account the lower peripheral acuity of the human eye. While this design results in inhomogeneous resolutions of HMDs at the display edges, it also is a low complexity and low-cost extension. However, its effects on important VR qualities have to be identified. We conducted two experiments with 30 and 27 participants, respectively. In a randomized 2x3 within-subject design, participants played three rounds of bowling in VR, both with and without the display extension. Two rounds contained incongruencies to induce breaks in plausibility. In experiment 2, we enhanced one incongruency to make it more noticeable and improved the shortcomings of the display extension that had previously been identified. However, neither study measured the low-resolution FoV extension's effect in terms of perceived plausibility, presence, spatial presence, or VR sickness. We found that one of the incongruencies could cause a break in plausibility without the extension, confirming the results of a previous study.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Brübach, Larissa and Röhm, Marius and Westermeier, Franziska and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology}, keywords = {xrhub}, number = 3, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {VRST '24}, title = {The Influence of a Low-Resolution Peripheral Display Extension on the Perceived Plausibility and Presence}, year = 2024 }
• Manipulating Immersion: The Impact of Perceptual Incongruence on Perceived Plausibility in VR. Brübach, Larissa; Röhm, Mona; Westermeier, Franziska; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR). IEEE Computer Society, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  This work presents a study where we used incongruencies on the cognitive and the perceptual layer to investigate their effects on perceived plausibility and, thereby, presence and spatial presence. We used a 2x3 within-subject design with the factors familiar size (cognitive manipulation) and immersion (perceptual manipulation). For the different levels of immersion, we implemented three different tracking qualities: rotation-and-translation tracking, rotation-only tracking, and stereoscopic-view-only tracking. Participants scanned products in a virtual supermarket where the familiar size of these objects was manipulated. Simultaneously, they could either move their head normally or need to use the thumbsticks to navigate their view of the environment. Results show that both manipulations had a negative effect on perceived plausibility and, thereby, presence. In addition, the tracking manipulation also had a negative effect on spatial presence. These results are especially interesting in light of the ongoing discussion about the role of plausibility and congruence in evaluating XR environments. The results can hardly be explained by traditional presence models, where immersion should not be an influencing factor for perceived plausibility. However, they are in agreement with the recently introduced Congruence and Plausibility (CaP) model and provide empirical evidence for the model's predicted pathways.

  @inproceedings{brubach2024manipulating, abstract = {This work presents a study where we used incongruencies on the cognitive and the perceptual layer to investigate their effects on perceived plausibility and, thereby, presence and spatial presence. We used a 2x3 within-subject design with the factors familiar size (cognitive manipulation) and immersion (perceptual manipulation). For the different levels of immersion, we implemented three different tracking qualities: rotation-and-translation tracking, rotation-only tracking, and stereoscopic-view-only tracking. Participants scanned products in a virtual supermarket where the familiar size of these objects was manipulated. Simultaneously, they could either move their head normally or need to use the thumbsticks to navigate their view of the environment. Results show that both manipulations had a negative effect on perceived plausibility and, thereby, presence. In addition, the tracking manipulation also had a negative effect on spatial presence. These results are especially interesting in light of the ongoing discussion about the role of plausibility and congruence in evaluating XR environments. The results can hardly be explained by traditional presence models, where immersion should not be an influencing factor for perceived plausibility. However, they are in agreement with the recently introduced Congruence and Plausibility (CaP) model and provide empirical evidence for the model's predicted pathways.}, author = {Brübach, Larissa and Röhm, Mona and Westermeier, Franziska and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {xrhub}, note = {IEEE ISMAR Best Paper Nominee 🏆}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, title = {Manipulating Immersion: The Impact of Perceptual Incongruence on Perceived Plausibility in VR}, year = 2024 }
• BibSonomy Meets ChatLLMs for Publication Management: From Chat to Publication Management: Organizing your related work using BibSonomy {\&} LLMs. V{{ö}}lker, Tom; Pfister, Jan; Koopmann, Tobias; Hotho, Andreas. In CoRR, abs/2401.09092. 2024.
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  @article{volker2024bibsonomy, author = {V{\"{o}}lker, Tom and Pfister, Jan and Koopmann, Tobias and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2024, title = {BibSonomy Meets ChatLLMs for Publication Management: From Chat to Publication Management: Organizing your related work using BibSonomy {\&} LLMs}, volume = {abs/2401.09092}, year = 2024 }
• Storylines with a Protagonist. Hegemann, Tim; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 320 of LIPIcs, S. Felsner, K. Klein (eds.), pp. 26:1–22. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{hw-sp-GD24, author = {Hegemann, Tim and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Felsner, Stefan and Klein, Karsten}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {26:1–22}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Storylines with a Protagonist}, volume = 320, year = 2024 }
• Eliminating Crossings in Ordered Graphs. Agrawal, Akanksha; Cabello, Sergio; Kaufmann, Michael; Saurabh, Saket; Sharma, Roohani; Uno, Yushi; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 19th Scand. Symp. Algorithm Theory (SWAT), Vol. 294 of LIPIcs, H. Bodlaender (ed.), pp. 1:1–19. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Institut für Informatik, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{ackssuw-ecog-SWAT24, author = {Agrawal, Akanksha and Cabello, Sergio and Kaufmann, Michael and Saurabh, Saket and Sharma, Roohani and Uno, Yushi and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 19th Scand. Symp. Algorithm Theory (SWAT)}, editor = {Bodlaender, Hans}, keywords = {hitting_set}, pages = {1:1–19}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Institut für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Eliminating Crossings in Ordered Graphs}, volume = 294, year = 2024 }
• Attack-Aware Security Function Chaining. Iffländer, Lukas; Beierlieb, Lukas; Kounev, Samuel. In Electronics, 13(17). 2024.
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  Cyberattacks have become more frequent and more violent in recent years. To date, defensive infrastructure has been relatively static, and security functions are usually placed in a common order that does not depend on the current situation. We propose the concept of attack-aware Security Service Function Chain reordering. The idea is to change the order of security functions depending on the malicious traffic observed. We present the basic idea, evaluate the impact of the function chain order, and introduce a framework for function chain reordering. Our evaluation shows that the order often has a significant impact on the performance of the security function chain and that there is no single order that outperforms all other orders in every situation. The proposed proof-of-concept framework successfully validates the feasibility of attack-aware security function chain reordering, and we propose additional extensions to eliminate the remaining deficiencies.

  @article{electronics13173357, abstract = {Cyberattacks have become more frequent and more violent in recent years. To date, defensive infrastructure has been relatively static, and security functions are usually placed in a common order that does not depend on the current situation. We propose the concept of attack-aware Security Service Function Chain reordering. The idea is to change the order of security functions depending on the malicious traffic observed. We present the basic idea, evaluate the impact of the function chain order, and introduce a framework for function chain reordering. Our evaluation shows that the order often has a significant impact on the performance of the security function chain and that there is no single order that outperforms all other orders in every situation. The proposed proof-of-concept framework successfully validates the feasibility of attack-aware security function chain reordering, and we propose additional extensions to eliminate the remaining deficiencies.}, author = {Iffländer, Lukas and Beierlieb, Lukas and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Electronics}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, number = 17, title = {Attack-Aware Security Function Chaining}, volume = 13, year = 2024 }
• {KI} 2024: Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 47th German Conference on AI, W{{ü}}rzburg, Germany, September 25-27, 2024, Proceedings. Hotho, Andreas; Rudolph, Sebastian. In Vol. 14992 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, 2024.
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  @proceedings{hotho2024advances, editor = {Hotho, Andreas and Rudolph, Sebastian}, keywords = 2024, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {{KI} 2024: Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 47th German Conference on AI, W{\"{u}}rzburg, Germany, September 25-27, 2024, Proceedings}, volume = 14992, year = 2024 }
• Pollice Verso at SemEval-2024 Task 6: The Roman Empire Strikes Back. Kobs, Konstantin; Pfister, Jan; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL 2024, Mexico City, Mexico, June 20-21, 2024, A. K. Ojha, A. S. Dogru{{ö}}z, H. T. Madabushi, G. D. S. Martino, S. Rosenthal, A. Ros{{á}} (eds.), pp. 1529–1536. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{kobs2024pollice, author = {Kobs, Konstantin and Pfister, Jan and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL 2024, Mexico City, Mexico, June 20-21, 2024}, editor = {Ojha, Atul Kr. and Dogru{\"{o}}z, A. Seza and Madabushi, Harish Tayyar and Martino, Giovanni Da San and Rosenthal, Sara and Ros{\'{a}}, Aiala}, keywords = 2024, pages = {1529–1536}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {Pollice Verso at SemEval-2024 Task 6: The Roman Empire Strikes Back}, year = 2024 }
• From Chat to Publication Management: Organizing your related work using BibSonomy {\&} LLMs. V{{ö}}lker, Tom; Pfister, Jan; Koopmann, Tobias; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 2024 {ACM} {SIGIR} Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval, {CHIIR} 2024, Sheffield, United Kingdom, March 10-14, 2024, P. D. Clough, M. Harvey, F. Hopfgartner (eds.), pp. 386–390. {ACM}, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{volker2024publication, author = {V{\"{o}}lker, Tom and Pfister, Jan and Koopmann, Tobias and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2024 {ACM} {SIGIR} Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval, {CHIIR} 2024, Sheffield, United Kingdom, March 10-14, 2024}, editor = {Clough, Paul D. and Harvey, Morgan and Hopfgartner, Frank}, keywords = 2024, pages = {386–390}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {From Chat to Publication Management: Organizing your related work using BibSonomy {\&} LLMs}, year = 2024 }
• GrINd: Grid Interpolation Network for Scattered Observations. Dulny, Andrzej; Heinisch, Paul; Hotho, Andreas; Krause, Anna. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Research Track - European Conference, {ECML} {PKDD} 2024, Vilnius, Lithuania, September 9-13, 2024, Proceedings, Part {VII}, Vol. 14947 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, A. Bifet, J. Davis, T. Krilavicius, M. Kull, E. Ntoutsi, I. Zliobaite (eds.), pp. 177–193. Springer, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{dulny2024grind, author = {Dulny, Andrzej and Heinisch, Paul and Hotho, Andreas and Krause, Anna}, booktitle = {Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Research Track - European Conference, {ECML} {PKDD} 2024, Vilnius, Lithuania, September 9-13, 2024, Proceedings, Part {VII}}, editor = {Bifet, Albert and Davis, Jesse and Krilavicius, Tomas and Kull, Meelis and Ntoutsi, Eirini and Zliobaite, Indre}, keywords = 2024, pages = {177–193}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {GrINd: Grid Interpolation Network for Scattered Observations}, volume = 14947, year = 2024 }
• Effects of AI understanding-training on AI literacy, usage, self-determined interactions, and anthropomorphization with voice assistants. Markus, A.; Pfister, J.; Carolus, C.; Hotho, A.; Wienrich, C. In Computers and Education Open, 6(1), p. 100176. 2024.
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  @article{bertsekas-rollout, author = {Markus, A. and Pfister, J. and Carolus, C. and Hotho, A. and Wienrich, C.}, journal = {Computers and Education Open}, keywords = 2024, number = 1, pages = 100176, title = {Effects of AI understanding-training on AI literacy, usage, self-determined interactions, and anthropomorphization with voice assistants}, volume = 6, year = 2024 }
• Motion Passwords. Rack, Christian; Schach, Lukas; Achter, Felix; Shehada, Yousof; Lin, Jinghuai; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, of VRST ’24, pp. 1–11. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
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  This paper introduces “Motion Passwords”, a novel biometric authentication approach where virtual reality users verify their identity by physically writing a chosen word in the air with their hand controller. This method allows combining three layers of verification: knowledge-based password input, handwriting style analysis, and motion profile recognition. As a first step towards realizing this potential, we focus on verifying users based on their motion profiles. We conducted a data collection study with 48 participants, who performed over 3800 Motion Password signatures across two sessions. We assessed the effectiveness of feature-distance and similarity-learning methods for motion-based verification using the Motion Passwords as well as specific and uniform ball-throwing signatures used in previous works. In our results, the similarity-learning model was able to verify users with the same accuracy for both signature types. This demonstrates that Motion Passwords, even when applying only the motion-based verification layer, achieve reliability comparable to previous methods. This highlights the potential for Motion Passwords to become even more reliable with the addition of knowledge-based and handwriting style verification layers. Furthermore, we present a proof-of-concept Unity application demonstrating the registration and verification process with our pretrained similarity-learning model. We publish our code, the Motion Password dataset, the pretrained model, and our Unity prototype on https://github.com/cschell/MoPs

  @conference{rack2024motion, abstract = {This paper introduces “Motion Passwords”, a novel biometric authentication approach where virtual reality users verify their identity by physically writing a chosen word in the air with their hand controller. This method allows combining three layers of verification: knowledge-based password input, handwriting style analysis, and motion profile recognition. As a first step towards realizing this potential, we focus on verifying users based on their motion profiles. We conducted a data collection study with 48 participants, who performed over 3800 Motion Password signatures across two sessions. We assessed the effectiveness of feature-distance and similarity-learning methods for motion-based verification using the Motion Passwords as well as specific and uniform ball-throwing signatures used in previous works. In our results, the similarity-learning model was able to verify users with the same accuracy for both signature types. This demonstrates that Motion Passwords, even when applying only the motion-based verification layer, achieve reliability comparable to previous methods. This highlights the potential for Motion Passwords to become even more reliable with the addition of knowledge-based and handwriting style verification layers. Furthermore, we present a proof-of-concept Unity application demonstrating the registration and verification process with our pretrained similarity-learning model. We publish our code, the Motion Password dataset, the pretrained model, and our Unity prototype on https://github.com/cschell/MoPs}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Rack, Christian and Schach, Lukas and Achter, Felix and Shehada, Yousof and Lin, Jinghuai and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology}, keywords = {schell}, number = 19, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {VRST '24}, title = {Motion Passwords}, year = 2024 }
• OtterlyObsessedWithSemantics at SemEval-2024 Task 4: Developing a Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification Head for Large Language Models. Wunderle, Julia; Schubert, Julian; Cacciatore, Antonella; Zehe, Albin; Pfister, Jan; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL 2024, Mexico City, Mexico, June 20-21, 2024, A. K. Ojha, A. S. Dogru{{ö}}z, H. T. Madabushi, G. D. S. Martino, S. Rosenthal, A. Ros{{á}} (eds.), pp. 602–612. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{wunderle2024otterlyobsessedwithsemantics, author = {Wunderle, Julia and Schubert, Julian and Cacciatore, Antonella and Zehe, Albin and Pfister, Jan and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL 2024, Mexico City, Mexico, June 20-21, 2024}, editor = {Ojha, Atul Kr. and Dogru{\"{o}}z, A. Seza and Madabushi, Harish Tayyar and Martino, Giovanni Da San and Rosenthal, Sara and Ros{\'{a}}, Aiala}, keywords = 2024, pages = {602–612}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {OtterlyObsessedWithSemantics at SemEval-2024 Task 4: Developing a Hierarchical Multi-Label Classification Head for Large Language Models}, year = 2024 }
• Concepts for a German Small Sat Mission to (99942) Apophis. Männel, Jonathan; Neumann, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Riegler, Clemens; Amza, Andrei Alexandru. 2024.
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  @conference{mannel2024concepts, author = {Männel, Jonathan and Neumann, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Riegler, Clemens and Amza, Andrei Alexandru}, keywords = {nealight}, number = {EPSC2024-1098}, title = {Concepts for a German Small Sat Mission to (99942) Apophis}, year = 2024 }
• Ballroom Dance Training with Motion Capture and Virtual Reality. Maier, Sophia; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of Mensch Und Computer 2024 (MuC ’24), pp. 617–621. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  This paper investigates the integration of motion capture and virtual reality (VR) technologies in competitive ballroom dancing (slow walz, tango, slow foxtrott, viennese waltz, quickstep), aiming to analyze posture correctness and provide feedback to dancers for posture enhancement. Through qualitative interviews, the study identifies specific requirements and gathers insights into potentially helpful feedback mechanisms. Using Unity and motion capture technology, we implemented a prototype system featuring real-time visual cues for posture correction and a replay function for analysis. A validation study with competitive ballroom dancers reveals generally positive feedback on the system’s usefulness, though challenges like cable obstruction and bad usability of the user interface are noted. Insights from participants inform future refinements, emphasizing the need for precise feedback, cable-free movement, and user-friendly interfaces. While the program is promising for ballroom dance training, further research is needed to evaluate the system’s overall efficacy.

  @inproceedings{maier2024ballroom, abstract = {This paper investigates the integration of motion capture and virtual reality (VR) technologies in competitive ballroom dancing (slow walz, tango, slow foxtrott, viennese waltz, quickstep), aiming to analyze posture correctness and provide feedback to dancers for posture enhancement. Through qualitative interviews, the study identifies specific requirements and gathers insights into potentially helpful feedback mechanisms. Using Unity and motion capture technology, we implemented a prototype system featuring real-time visual cues for posture correction and a replay function for analysis. A validation study with competitive ballroom dancers reveals generally positive feedback on the system’s usefulness, though challenges like cable obstruction and bad usability of the user interface are noted. Insights from participants inform future refinements, emphasizing the need for precise feedback, cable-free movement, and user-friendly interfaces. While the program is promising for ballroom dance training, further research is needed to evaluate the system’s overall efficacy.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Maier, Sophia and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Mensch Und Computer 2024 (MuC '24)}, keywords = {xrhub}, pages = {617-621}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Ballroom Dance Training with Motion Capture and Virtual Reality}, year = 2024 }
• In-Orbit Validierung des MultiView-Sternsensors auf dem SONATE-2 CubeSat. Neumann, T.; Balagurin, O.; Kaiser, T.; Kayal, H.; Maurer, A.; Riegler, C.; Schwarz, T. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Hamburg, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Es wurde ein mehrköpfiger Sternsensor für CubeSats für den Einsatz im sog. TunaCanSlot konzipiert. Der Sensor zeichnet sich durch die gegebene Redundanz auf Grund der Verwendung einer Vielzahl an Sensorköpfen trotz des geringen Bauvolumens aus. Im Falle eines Ausfalls oder bei fehlenden Messdaten werden die Sensoren autonom umgeschaltet, die so die Verfügbarkeit der Lagedaten erhöht. Der MultiViewSternsensor wurde an Bord des SONATE2 Nanosatelliten Anfang März 2024 in die Erdumlaufbahn gebracht. Neben anderen Subsystemen als Technologiedemonstration, wurde der Sensor während der Missionslaufzeit in Betrieb genommen und bereits mehreren Tests unterzogen. Damit wird die Raumfahrttauglichkeit sowie der Einsatz im LowEarth Orbit nachgewiesen. In diesem Paper werden die für die Validierung benötigten Aspekte dargestellt. Wichtig sind die Überprüfungen sowohl der Grundfunktionen als Subsystem gegenüber dem Satelliten, als auch der Messprozesse der Sensorköpfe selbst. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse der InOrbitTests werden in Verbindung mit den dargestellten Validierungsaspekten präsentiert. Sie bestätigen die Funktion des Konzeptes und bilden bereits eine gute Grundlage für die in Aussicht gestellte Validierung auf TRL 9.

  @conference{https://doi.org/10.25967/630060, abstract = {Es wurde ein mehrköpfiger Sternsensor für CubeSats für den Einsatz im sog. TunaCanSlot konzipiert. Der Sensor zeichnet sich durch die gegebene Redundanz auf Grund der Verwendung einer Vielzahl an Sensorköpfen trotz des geringen Bauvolumens aus. Im Falle eines Ausfalls oder bei fehlenden Messdaten werden die Sensoren autonom umgeschaltet, die so die Verfügbarkeit der Lagedaten erhöht. Der MultiViewSternsensor wurde an Bord des SONATE2 Nanosatelliten Anfang März 2024 in die Erdumlaufbahn gebracht. Neben anderen Subsystemen als Technologiedemonstration, wurde der Sensor während der Missionslaufzeit in Betrieb genommen und bereits mehreren Tests unterzogen. Damit wird die Raumfahrttauglichkeit sowie der Einsatz im LowEarth Orbit nachgewiesen. In diesem Paper werden die für die Validierung benötigten Aspekte dargestellt. Wichtig sind die Überprüfungen sowohl der Grundfunktionen als Subsystem gegenüber dem Satelliten, als auch der Messprozesse der Sensorköpfe selbst. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse der InOrbitTests werden in Verbindung mit den dargestellten Validierungsaspekten präsentiert. Sie bestätigen die Funktion des Konzeptes und bilden bereits eine gute Grundlage für die in Aussicht gestellte Validierung auf TRL 9.}, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Neumann, T. and Balagurin, O. and Kaiser, T. and Kayal, H. and Maurer, A. and Riegler, C. and Schwarz, T.}, keywords = {startracker}, organization = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, title = {In-Orbit Validierung des MultiView-Sternsensors auf dem SONATE-2 CubeSat}, year = 2024 }
• Link Prediction with Untrained Message Passing Layers. Qarkaxhija, Lisi; Wegner, Anatol E.; Scholtes, Ingo. In CoRR, abs/2406.16687. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @article{journals/corr/abs-2406-16687, author = {Qarkaxhija, Lisi and Wegner, Anatol E. and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Link Prediction with Untrained Message Passing Layers.}, volume = {abs/2406.16687}, year = 2024 }
• Evaluating the Benefits of Model Retraining for Self-Aware Vehicle Traffic Forecasting. Hadry, Marius; Grillmeyer, Daniel; Becker, Martin; König, Maximilian; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel. In IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS), pp. 41–50. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{10771392, author = {Hadry, Marius and Grillmeyer, Daniel and Becker, Martin and König, Maximilian and Lesch, Veronika and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS)}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {41-50}, title = {Evaluating the Benefits of Model Retraining for Self-Aware Vehicle Traffic Forecasting}, year = 2024 }
• Binded to the Lights - Storytelling with a Physically Embodied and a Virtual Robot using Emotionally Adapted Lights. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C; Ganal, Elisabeth; Yalcin, Murat; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Lugrin, Birgit. In 2024 33rd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2024), pp. 2117–2124. IEEE, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2024lightsvr, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C and Ganal, Elisabeth and Yalcin, Murat and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2024 33rd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2024)}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = {2117-2124}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Binded to the Lights - Storytelling with a Physically Embodied and a Virtual Robot using Emotionally Adapted Lights}, year = 2024 }
• Investigating Incoherent Depth Perception Features in Virtual Reality using Stereoscopic Impostor-Based Rendering. Waldow, Kristoffer; Decker, Lukas; Mišiak, Martin; Fuhrmann, Arnulph; Roth, Daniel; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VR ’24). IEEE, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Depth perception is essential for our daily experiences, aiding in orientation and interaction with our surroundings. Virtual Reality allows us to decouple such depth cues mainly represented through binocular disparity and motion parallax. Dealing with fully mesh-based rendering methods these cues are not problematic as they originate from the object’s underlying geometry. However, manipulating motion parallax, as seen in stereoscopic imposter-based rendering, raises multiple perceptual questions. Therefore, we conducted a user experiment to investigate how varying object sizes affect such visual errors and perceived 3-dimensionality, revealing an interestingly significant negative correlation and new assumptions about visual quality.

  @inproceedings{waldow2024investigating, abstract = {Depth perception is essential for our daily experiences, aiding in orientation and interaction with our surroundings. Virtual Reality allows us to decouple such depth cues mainly represented through binocular disparity and motion parallax. Dealing with fully mesh-based rendering methods these cues are not problematic as they originate from the object’s underlying geometry. However, manipulating motion parallax, as seen in stereoscopic imposter-based rendering, raises multiple perceptual questions. Therefore, we conducted a user experiment to investigate how varying object sizes affect such visual errors and perceived 3-dimensionality, revealing an interestingly significant negative correlation and new assumptions about visual quality.}, author = {Waldow, Kristoffer and Decker, Lukas and Mišiak, Martin and Fuhrmann, Arnulph and Roth, Daniel and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VR '24)}, keywords = {myown}, note = {Best poster award 🏆.}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Investigating Incoherent Depth Perception Features in Virtual Reality using Stereoscopic Impostor-Based Rendering}, year = 2024 }
• Pushing Yourself to the Limit - Influence of Emotional Virtual Environment Design on Physical Training in VR. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C; Najjar, Amiin; Tümmers, Clemens; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In ACM Games, 2(4). 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The design of virtual environments (VEs) can strongly influence users' emotions. These VEs are also an important aspect of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) exergames - training system that can inspire athletes to train in a highly motivated way and achieve a higher training intensity. VR-based training and rehabilitation systems can increase a user's motivation to train and to repeat physical exercises. The surrounding VE can potentially predominantly influence users' motivation and hence potentially even physical performance. Besides providing potentially motivating environments, physical training can be enhanced by gamification. However, it is unclear whether the surrounding VE of a VR-based physical training system influences the effectiveness of gamification. We investigate whether an emotional positive or emotional negative design influences the sport performance and interacts with the positive effects of gamification. In a user study, we immerse participants in VEs following either an emotional positive, neutral, or negative design and measure the duration the participants can hold a static strength-endurance exercise. The study targeted the investigation of the effects of 1) emotional VE design as well as the 2) presence and absence of gamification. We did not observe significant differences in the performance of the participants independent of the conditions of VE design or gamification. Gamification caused a dominating effect on emotion and motivation over the emotional design of the VEs, thus indicating an overall positive impact. The emotional design influenced the participants' intrinsic motivation but caused mixed results with respect to emotion. Overall, our results indicate the importance of using gamification, support the commonly used emotional positive VEs for physical training, but further indicate that the design space could also include other directions of VE design.

  @article{oberdorfer2024pushing, abstract = {The design of virtual environments (VEs) can strongly influence users' emotions. These VEs are also an important aspect of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) exergames - training system that can inspire athletes to train in a highly motivated way and achieve a higher training intensity. VR-based training and rehabilitation systems can increase a user's motivation to train and to repeat physical exercises. The surrounding VE can potentially predominantly influence users' motivation and hence potentially even physical performance. Besides providing potentially motivating environments, physical training can be enhanced by gamification. However, it is unclear whether the surrounding VE of a VR-based physical training system influences the effectiveness of gamification. We investigate whether an emotional positive or emotional negative design influences the sport performance and interacts with the positive effects of gamification. In a user study, we immerse participants in VEs following either an emotional positive, neutral, or negative design and measure the duration the participants can hold a static strength-endurance exercise. The study targeted the investigation of the effects of 1) emotional VE design as well as the 2) presence and absence of gamification. We did not observe significant differences in the performance of the participants independent of the conditions of VE design or gamification. Gamification caused a dominating effect on emotion and motivation over the emotional design of the VEs, thus indicating an overall positive impact. The emotional design influenced the participants' intrinsic motivation but caused mixed results with respect to emotion. Overall, our results indicate the importance of using gamification, support the commonly used emotional positive VEs for physical training, but further indicate that the design space could also include other directions of VE design.}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C and Najjar, Amiin and Tümmers, Clemens and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {ACM Games}, keywords = {myown}, number = 4, title = {Pushing Yourself to the Limit - Influence of Emotional Virtual Environment Design on Physical Training in VR}, volume = 2, year = 2024 }
• Personal Space Invasion to Prevent Cyberbullying: Design, Development, and Evaluation of an Immersive Prevention Measure for Children and Adolescents. Wienrich, Carolin; Horn, Viktoria; Bürger, Arne; Krauss, Jana. In Springer Virtual Reality. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Previous work on cyberbullying has shown that the number of victims is increasing and the need for prevention is exceptionally high among younger school students (5th-9th grade). Due to the omnipresence of cyberattacks, victims can hardly distance themselves psychologically, thus experience an intrusion in almost all areas of life. The perpetrators, on the other hand, feel the consequences of their actions even less in cyberspace. However, there is a gap between the need and the existence of innovative prevention programs tied to the digital reality of the target group and the treatment of essential aspects of psychological distance. This article explores the design space, feasibility, and effectiveness of a unique VR-based cyberbullying prevention component in a human-centered iterative approach. The central idea is reflected in creating a virtual personal space invasion with virtual objects associated with cyberbullying making the everyday intrusion of victims tangible. A pre-study revealed that harmful speech texts in bright non-removable message boxes best transferred the psychological determinants associated with a personal space invasion to virtual objects contextualized in cyberbullying scenarios. Therefore, these objects were incorporated into a virtual prevention program that was then tested in a laboratory study with 41 participants. The results showed that the intervention could trigger cognitive dissonance and empathy. In the second step, the intervention was evaluated and improved in a focus group with the actual target group of children and adolescents. The improved application was then evaluated in a school workshop for five days with 100 children and adolescents. The children understood the metaphor of virtual space invasion by the harmful text boxes and reported the expected psychological effects. They also showed great interest in VR. In summary, this paper contributes to the innovative and effective prevention of cyberbullying by using the potential of VR. It provides empirical evidence from a laboratory experiment and a field study with a large sample from the target group of children and adolescents and discusses implications for future developments.

  @article{wienrich2024personal, abstract = {Previous work on cyberbullying has shown that the number of victims is increasing and the need for prevention is exceptionally high among younger school students (5th-9th grade). Due to the omnipresence of cyberattacks, victims can hardly distance themselves psychologically, thus experience an intrusion in almost all areas of life. The perpetrators, on the other hand, feel the consequences of their actions even less in cyberspace. However, there is a gap between the need and the existence of innovative prevention programs tied to the digital reality of the target group and the treatment of essential aspects of psychological distance. This article explores the design space, feasibility, and effectiveness of a unique VR-based cyberbullying prevention component in a human-centered iterative approach. The central idea is reflected in creating a virtual personal space invasion with virtual objects associated with cyberbullying making the everyday intrusion of victims tangible. A pre-study revealed that harmful speech texts in bright non-removable message boxes best transferred the psychological determinants associated with a personal space invasion to virtual objects contextualized in cyberbullying scenarios. Therefore, these objects were incorporated into a virtual prevention program that was then tested in a laboratory study with 41 participants. The results showed that the intervention could trigger cognitive dissonance and empathy. In the second step, the intervention was evaluated and improved in a focus group with the actual target group of children and adolescents. The improved application was then evaluated in a school workshop for five days with 100 children and adolescents. The children understood the metaphor of virtual space invasion by the harmful text boxes and reported the expected psychological effects. They also showed great interest in VR. In summary, this paper contributes to the innovative and effective prevention of cyberbullying by using the potential of VR. It provides empirical evidence from a laboratory experiment and a field study with a large sample from the target group of children and adolescents and discusses implications for future developments.}, author = {Wienrich, Carolin and Horn, Viktoria and Bürger, Arne and Krauss, Jana}, journal = {Springer Virtual Reality}, keywords = {jkrauss}, title = {Personal Space Invasion to Prevent Cyberbullying: Design, Development, and Evaluation of an Immersive Prevention Measure for Children and Adolescents}, year = 2024 }
• Daedalus 2: Autorotation Entry, Descent and Landing Experiment on REXUS29. Bergmann, Philip; Riegler, Clemens; Klaschka, Zuri; Herbst, Tobias; Wolf, Jan M.; Reigl, Maximilian; Koch, Niels; Menninger, Sarah; von Pichowski, Jan; Bös, Cedric; Barthó, Bence; Dunschen, Frederik; Mehringer, Johanna; Richter, Ludwig; Werner, Lennart. In CoRR, abs/2406.11292. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2406-11292, author = {Bergmann, Philip and Riegler, Clemens and Klaschka, Zuri and Herbst, Tobias and Wolf, Jan M. and Reigl, Maximilian and Koch, Niels and Menninger, Sarah and von Pichowski, Jan and Bös, Cedric and Barthó, Bence and Dunschen, Frederik and Mehringer, Johanna and Richter, Ludwig and Werner, Lennart}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Daedalus 2: Autorotation Entry, Descent and Landing Experiment on REXUS29.}, volume = {abs/2406.11292}, year = 2024 }
• Am I the odd one? Exploring (in)congruencies in the realism of avatars and virtual others in virtual reality. Mal, David; Döllinger, Nina; Wolf, Erik; Wenninger, Stephan; Botsch, Mario; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 5. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Virtual humans play a pivotal role in social virtual environments, shaping users’ VR experiences. The diversity in available options and users’ individual preferences can result in a heterogeneous mix of appearances among a group of virtual humans. The resulting variety in higher-order anthropomorphic and realistic cues introduces multiple (in)congruencies, eventually impacting the plausibility of the experience. However, related work investigating the effects of being co-located with multiple virtual humans of different appearances remains limited. In this work, we consider the impact of (in)congruencies in the realism of a group of virtual humans, including co-located others (agents) and one’s self-representation (self-avatar), on users’ individual VR experiences. In a 2 × 3 mixed design, participants embodied either (1) a personalized realistic or (2) a customized stylized self-avatar across three consecutive VR exposures in which they were accompanied by a group of virtual others being either (1) all realistic, (2) all stylized, or (3) mixed between stylized and realistic. Our results indicate groups of virtual others of higher realism, i.e., potentially more congruent with participants’ real-world experiences and expectations, were considered more human-like, increasing the feeling of co-presence and the impression of interaction possibilities. (In)congruencies concerning the homogeneity of the group did not cause considerable effects. Furthermore, our results indicate that a self-avatar’s congruence with the participant’s real-world experiences concerning their own physical body yielded notable benefits for virtual body ownership and self-identification for realistic personalized avatars. Notably, the incongruence between a stylized self-avatar and a group of realistic virtual others resulted in diminished ratings of self-location and self-identification. This suggests that higher-order (in)congruent visual cues that are not within the ego-central referential frame of one’s (virtual) body, can have an (adverse) effect on the relationship between one’s self and body. We conclude on the implications of our findings and discuss our results within current theories of VR experiences, considering (in)congruent visual cues and their impact on the perception of virtual others, self-representation, and spatial presence

  @article{mal2024oddone, abstract = {Virtual humans play a pivotal role in social virtual environments, shaping users’ VR experiences. The diversity in available options and users’ individual preferences can result in a heterogeneous mix of appearances among a group of virtual humans. The resulting variety in higher-order anthropomorphic and realistic cues introduces multiple (in)congruencies, eventually impacting the plausibility of the experience. However, related work investigating the effects of being co-located with multiple virtual humans of different appearances remains limited. In this work, we consider the impact of (in)congruencies in the realism of a group of virtual humans, including co-located others (agents) and one’s self-representation (self-avatar), on users’ individual VR experiences. In a 2 × 3 mixed design, participants embodied either (1) a personalized realistic or (2) a customized stylized self-avatar across three consecutive VR exposures in which they were accompanied by a group of virtual others being either (1) all realistic, (2) all stylized, or (3) mixed between stylized and realistic. Our results indicate groups of virtual others of higher realism, i.e., potentially more congruent with participants’ real-world experiences and expectations, were considered more human-like, increasing the feeling of co-presence and the impression of interaction possibilities. (In)congruencies concerning the homogeneity of the group did not cause considerable effects. Furthermore, our results indicate that a self-avatar’s congruence with the participant’s real-world experiences concerning their own physical body yielded notable benefits for virtual body ownership and self-identification for realistic personalized avatars. Notably, the incongruence between a stylized self-avatar and a group of realistic virtual others resulted in diminished ratings of self-location and self-identification. This suggests that higher-order (in)congruent visual cues that are not within the ego-central referential frame of one’s (virtual) body, can have an (adverse) effect on the relationship between one’s self and body. We conclude on the implications of our findings and discuss our results within current theories of VR experiences, considering (in)congruent visual cues and their impact on the perception of virtual others, self-representation, and spatial presence}, author = {Mal, David and Döllinger, Nina and Wolf, Erik and Wenninger, Stephan and Botsch, Mario and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {dmal}, title = {Am I the odd one? Exploring (in)congruencies in the realism of avatars and virtual others in virtual reality}, volume = 5, year = 2024 }
• Early Explorations of Lightweight Models for Wound Segmentation on Mobile Devices. Borst, Vanessa; Dittus, Timo; Müller, Konstantin; Kounev, Samuel. In 47th German Conference on Artificial Intelligence - KI 2024. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{borst2024early, author = {Borst, Vanessa and Dittus, Timo and Müller, Konstantin and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {47th German Conference on Artificial Intelligence - KI 2024}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, title = {Early Explorations of Lightweight Models for Wound Segmentation on Mobile Devices}, year = 2024 }
• SATEX: Extraterrestrik mit Kleinsatelliten - Kurzbericht. Männel, Jonathan; Borschinsky, Erik; Kayal, Hakan; Neumann, Tobias; Riegler, Clemens. Universität Würzburg, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @techreport{https://doi.org/10.25972/opus-36979, author = {Männel, Jonathan and Borschinsky, Erik and Kayal, Hakan and Neumann, Tobias and Riegler, Clemens}, journal = {Raumfahrttechnik und Extraterrestrik; 5}, keywords = {satex}, publisher = {Universität Würzburg}, title = {SATEX: Extraterrestrik mit Kleinsatelliten - Kurzbericht}, year = 2024 }
• A Regulatory Agent Model using Case-Based and Language-Based Reasoning in Sequential Games. Korger, Andreas; Baumeister, Joachim. In LWDA’24: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{KB:24, author = {Korger, Andreas and Baumeister, Joachim}, booktitle = {LWDA'24: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen}, keywords = {myown}, title = {A Regulatory Agent Model using Case-Based and Language-Based Reasoning in Sequential Games}, year = 2024 }
• Does Voice Matter? The Effect of Verbal Communication and Asymmetry on the Experience of Collaborative Social XR. Merz, Christian; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), pp. 1127–1136. IEEE Computer Society, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This work evaluates how the asymmetry of device configurations and verbal communication influence the user experience of social eXtended Reality (XR) for self-perception, other-perception, and task perception. We developed an application that enables social collaboration between two users with varying device configurations. We compare the conditions of one symmetric interaction, where both device configurations are Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) with tracked controllers, with the conditions of one asymmetric interaction, where one device configuration is an HMD with tracked controllers and the other device configuration is a desktop screen with a mouse. In our study, 52 participants collaborated in a dyadic interaction on a sorting task while talking to each other. We compare our results to previous work that evaluated the same scenario without verbal communication. In line with prior research, self-perception is influenced by the immersion of the used device configuration and verbal communication. While co-presence was not affected by the device configuration or the inclusion of verbal communication, social presence was only higher for HMD configurations that allowed verbal communication. Task perception was hardly affected by the device configuration or verbal communication. We conclude that the device in social XR is important for self-perception with or without verbal communication. However, the results indicate that the device configuration only affects the qualities of social interaction in collaborative scenarios when verbal communication is enabled. To sum up, asymmetric collaboration maintains the high quality of self-perception and interaction for highly immersed users while still enabling the participation of less immersed users.

  @inproceedings{merz2024voice, abstract = {This work evaluates how the asymmetry of device configurations and verbal communication influence the user experience of social eXtended Reality (XR) for self-perception, other-perception, and task perception. We developed an application that enables social collaboration between two users with varying device configurations. We compare the conditions of one symmetric interaction, where both device configurations are Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) with tracked controllers, with the conditions of one asymmetric interaction, where one device configuration is an HMD with tracked controllers and the other device configuration is a desktop screen with a mouse. In our study, 52 participants collaborated in a dyadic interaction on a sorting task while talking to each other. We compare our results to previous work that evaluated the same scenario without verbal communication. In line with prior research, self-perception is influenced by the immersion of the used device configuration and verbal communication. While co-presence was not affected by the device configuration or the inclusion of verbal communication, social presence was only higher for HMD configurations that allowed verbal communication. Task perception was hardly affected by the device configuration or verbal communication. We conclude that the device in social XR is important for self-perception with or without verbal communication. However, the results indicate that the device configuration only affects the qualities of social interaction in collaborative scenarios when verbal communication is enabled. To sum up, asymmetric collaboration maintains the high quality of self-perception and interaction for highly immersed users while still enabling the participation of less immersed users.}, author = {Merz, Christian and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {merz}, pages = {1127-1136}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, title = {Does Voice Matter? The Effect of Verbal Communication and Asymmetry on the Experience of Collaborative Social XR}, year = 2024 }
• Graph Harvester. Deynet, Julian; Hegemann, Tim; Kempf, Sebastian; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 320 of LIPIcs, S. Felsner, K. Klein (eds.), pp. 58:1–3. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{dhkw-gh-GD24, author = {Deynet, Julian and Hegemann, Tim and Kempf, Sebastian and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Felsner, Stefan and Klein, Karsten}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {58:1–3}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Graph Harvester}, volume = 320, year = 2024 }
• Inference of Sequential Patterns for Neural Message Passing in Temporal Graphs. von Pichowski, Jan; Perri, Vincenzo; Qarkaxhija, Lisi; Scholtes, Ingo. In CoRR, abs/2406.16552. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2406-16552, author = {von Pichowski, Jan and Perri, Vincenzo and Qarkaxhija, Lisi and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Inference of Sequential Patterns for Neural Message Passing in Temporal Graphs.}, volume = {abs/2406.16552}, year = 2024 }
• Adapting Sequential Recommender Models to Content Recommendation in Chat Data using Non-Item Page-Models. Zehe, Albin; Fischer, Elisabeth; Kaiser, Jonas; Wagner, Toni; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the Sixth Knowledge-aware and Conversational Recommender Systems Workshop co-located with 18th {ACM} Conference on Recommender Systems (RecSys 2024), Bari, Italy, October 18th, 2024, Vol. 3817 of {CEUR} Workshop Proceedings, V. W. Anelli, P. Basile, T. D. Noia, F. M. Donini, A. Ferrara, C. Musto, F. Narducci, A. Ragone, M. Zanker (eds.), pp. 66–84. CEUR-WS.org, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{zehe2024adapting, author = {Zehe, Albin and Fischer, Elisabeth and Kaiser, Jonas and Wagner, Toni and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Sixth Knowledge-aware and Conversational Recommender Systems Workshop co-located with 18th {ACM} Conference on Recommender Systems (RecSys 2024), Bari, Italy, October 18th, 2024}, editor = {Anelli, Vito Walter and Basile, Pierpaolo and Noia, Tommaso Di and Donini, Francesco Maria and Ferrara, Antonio and Musto, Cataldo and Narducci, Fedelucio and Ragone, Azzurra and Zanker, Markus}, keywords = 2024, pages = {66–84}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, series = {{CEUR} Workshop Proceedings}, title = {Adapting Sequential Recommender Models to Content Recommendation in Chat Data using Non-Item Page-Models}, volume = 3817, year = 2024 }
• Resources for Graph Data and Knowledge. Hogan, Aidan; Horrocks, Ian; Hotho, Andreas; Kagal, Lalana; Sattler, Uli. In {TGDK}, 2(2), pp. 1:1–1:2. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{hogan2024resources, author = {Hogan, Aidan and Horrocks, Ian and Hotho, Andreas and Kagal, Lalana and Sattler, Uli}, journal = {{TGDK}}, keywords = 2024, number = 2, pages = {1:1–1:2}, title = {Resources for Graph Data and Knowledge}, volume = 2, year = 2024 }
• An Empirical Study on the Impact of Selected Host Configuration Parameters on Container Start Times. Straesser, Martin; Erhard, Nicholas; Kounev, Samuel. Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V., 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @misc{StraesserSSP2024, author = {Straesser, Martin and Erhard, Nicholas and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Softwaretechnik-Trends Band 44, Heft 4}, keywords = {t_workshop}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, series = {Softwaretechnik-Trends}, title = {An Empirical Study on the Impact of Selected Host Configuration Parameters on Container Start Times}, year = 2024 }
• 6U+ CubeSat SONATE2: Operation of an Optical AI Payload in Low Earth Orbit. Herbst, Tobias; Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas; Schwarz, Tobias. In 75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC). 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Optical payloads and other instruments can generate large amounts of data. Data acquisition is often limited by downlink capabilities, especially in the context of space exploration, as the NASA deep space network is said to be at capacity, for example. Intelligent onboard data processing can decrease the amount of data that has to be transferred to Earth. The Nanosatellite SONATE-2, developed and operated at the University of Würzburg, tackles this problem by demonstrating artificial intelligence technologies in a low Earth orbit. SONATE-2's AI payload has specialized hardware, featuring an NVIDIA Jetson NX System on Module (SoM) with a 6-Core ARM CPU and an NVIDIA Volta architecture GPU with Tensor cores that can infer and train neural networks. This SoM enables data processing using pre-trained models on the ground and training neural networks onboard. The Linux operating system of the AI Payload allows for the use of standard libraries, like CUDA, CudNN, or TensorFlow. The 6U+ CubeSat SONATE-2 was launched with the Transporter 10 Mission by Space X into a sun-synchronous orbit in March 2024. This work presents the results of the first months of operation of the SONATE-2 Nanosatellite. The primary mission objective is to demonstrate AI technologies in space, including anomaly detection, image segmentation, and object detection using four cameras, two in the visible spectrum and two in the near-infrared. This work focuses on the technical challenges and presents the methods used to operate the AI Payload in space. In addition, we give an overview of our experiences with managing the payload, including the thermal and power considerations. A brief outlook on the planned experiments within the mission duration of one year is presented.

  @inproceedings{herbst2024cubesat, abstract = {Optical payloads and other instruments can generate large amounts of data. Data acquisition is often limited by downlink capabilities, especially in the context of space exploration, as the NASA deep space network is said to be at capacity, for example. Intelligent onboard data processing can decrease the amount of data that has to be transferred to Earth. The Nanosatellite SONATE-2, developed and operated at the University of Würzburg, tackles this problem by demonstrating artificial intelligence technologies in a low Earth orbit. SONATE-2's AI payload has specialized hardware, featuring an NVIDIA Jetson NX System on Module (SoM) with a 6-Core ARM CPU and an NVIDIA Volta architecture GPU with Tensor cores that can infer and train neural networks. This SoM enables data processing using pre-trained models on the ground and training neural networks onboard. The Linux operating system of the AI Payload allows for the use of standard libraries, like CUDA, CudNN, or TensorFlow. The 6U+ CubeSat SONATE-2 was launched with the Transporter 10 Mission by Space X into a sun-synchronous orbit in March 2024. This work presents the results of the first months of operation of the SONATE-2 Nanosatellite. The primary mission objective is to demonstrate AI technologies in space, including anomaly detection, image segmentation, and object detection using four cameras, two in the visible spectrum and two in the near-infrared. This work focuses on the technical challenges and presents the methods used to operate the AI Payload in space. In addition, we give an overview of our experiences with managing the payload, including the thermal and power considerations. A brief outlook on the planned experiments within the mission duration of one year is presented.}, author = {Herbst, Tobias and Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {75th International Astronautical Congress (IAC)}, keywords = {ai}, title = {6U+ CubeSat SONATE2: Operation of an Optical AI Payload in Low Earth Orbit}, year = 2024 }
• Handwriting for Text Input and the Impact of XR Displays, Surface Alignments, and Sentence Complexities. Kern, Florian; Tschanter, Jonathan; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, pp. 1–11. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Text input is desirable across various eXtended Reality (XR) use cases and is particularly crucial for knowledge and office work. This article compares handwriting text input between Virtual Reality (VR) and Video See-Through Augmented Reality (VST AR), facilitated by physically aligned and mid-air surfaces when writing simple and complex sentences. In a 2x2x2 experimental design, 72 participants performed two ten-minute handwriting sessions, each including ten simple and ten complex sentences representing text input in real-world scenarios. Our developed handwriting application supports different XR displays, surface alignments, and handwriting recognition based on digital ink. We evaluated usability, user experience, task load, text input performance, and handwriting style. Our results indicate high usability with a successful transfer of handwriting skills to the virtual domain. XR displays and surface alignments did not impact text input speed and error rate. However, sentence complexities did, with participants achieving higher input speeds and fewer errors for simple sentences (17.85 WPM, 0.51% MSD ER) than complex sentences (15.07 WPM, 1.74% MSD ER). Handwriting on physically aligned surfaces showed higher learnability and lower physical demand, making them more suitable for prolonged handwriting sessions. Handwriting on mid-air surfaces yielded higher novelty and stimulation ratings, which might diminish with more experience. Surface alignments and sentence complexities significantly affected handwriting style, leading to enlarged and more connected cursive writing in both mid-air and for simple sentences. The study also demonstrated the benefits of using XR controllers in a pen-like posture to mimic styluses and pressure-sensitive tips on physical surfaces for input detection. We additionally provide a phrase set of simple and complex sentences as a basis for future text input studies, which can be expanded and adapted.

  @article{10460576, abstract = {Text input is desirable across various eXtended Reality (XR) use cases and is particularly crucial for knowledge and office work. This article compares handwriting text input between Virtual Reality (VR) and Video See-Through Augmented Reality (VST AR), facilitated by physically aligned and mid-air surfaces when writing simple and complex sentences. In a 2x2x2 experimental design, 72 participants performed two ten-minute handwriting sessions, each including ten simple and ten complex sentences representing text input in real-world scenarios. Our developed handwriting application supports different XR displays, surface alignments, and handwriting recognition based on digital ink. We evaluated usability, user experience, task load, text input performance, and handwriting style. Our results indicate high usability with a successful transfer of handwriting skills to the virtual domain. XR displays and surface alignments did not impact text input speed and error rate. However, sentence complexities did, with participants achieving higher input speeds and fewer errors for simple sentences (17.85 WPM, 0.51% MSD ER) than complex sentences (15.07 WPM, 1.74% MSD ER). Handwriting on physically aligned surfaces showed higher learnability and lower physical demand, making them more suitable for prolonged handwriting sessions. Handwriting on mid-air surfaces yielded higher novelty and stimulation ratings, which might diminish with more experience. Surface alignments and sentence complexities significantly affected handwriting style, leading to enlarged and more connected cursive writing in both mid-air and for simple sentences. The study also demonstrated the benefits of using XR controllers in a pen-like posture to mimic styluses and pressure-sensitive tips on physical surfaces for input detection. We additionally provide a phrase set of simple and complex sentences as a basis for future text input studies, which can be expanded and adapted.}, author = {Kern, Florian and Tschanter, Jonathan and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {vilearn}, pages = {1-11}, title = {Handwriting for Text Input and the Impact of XR Displays, Surface Alignments, and Sentence Complexities}, year = 2024 }
• Pipelining Processors for Decomposing Character Animation. Merz, Christian; Tschanter, Jonathan; Kern, Florian; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, of VRST ’24. Association for Computing Machinery, Trier, Germany, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper presents an openly available implementation of a modular pipeline architecture for character animation. It effectively decomposes frequently necessary processing steps into dedicated character processors, such as copying data from various motion sources, applying inverse kinematics, or scaling the character. Processors can easily be parameterized, extended (e.g., with AI), and freely arranged or even duplicated in any order necessary, greatly reducing side effects and fostering fine-tuning, maintenance, and reusability of the complex interplay of real-time animation steps.

  @inproceedings{merz2024processor, abstract = {This paper presents an openly available implementation of a modular pipeline architecture for character animation. It effectively decomposes frequently necessary processing steps into dedicated character processors, such as copying data from various motion sources, applying inverse kinematics, or scaling the character. Processors can easily be parameterized, extended (e.g., with AI), and freely arranged or even duplicated in any order necessary, greatly reducing side effects and fostering fine-tuning, maintenance, and reusability of the complex interplay of real-time animation steps.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Merz, Christian and Tschanter, Jonathan and Kern, Florian and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {30th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology}, keywords = {realityStack}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {VRST '24}, title = {Pipelining Processors for Decomposing Character Animation}, year = 2024 }
• SuperGLEBer: German Language Understanding Evaluation Benchmark. Pfister, Jan; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers), {NAACL} 2024, Mexico City, Mexico, June 16-21, 2024, K. Duh, H. G{{ó}}mez{-}Adorno, S. Bethard (eds.), pp. 7904–7923. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{pfister2024supergleber, author = {Pfister, Jan and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers), {NAACL} 2024, Mexico City, Mexico, June 16-21, 2024}, editor = {Duh, Kevin and G{\'{o}}mez{-}Adorno, Helena and Bethard, Steven}, keywords = 2024, pages = {7904–7923}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {SuperGLEBer: German Language Understanding Evaluation Benchmark}, year = 2024 }
• Simulating Microservice-based Architectures for Resilience Assessment Enriched by Authentic Container Orchestration. Frank, Sebastian; Straesser, Martin; Wagner, Lion; Haas, Patrick; Hakamian, Alireza; Kounev, Samuel; Van Hoorn, André. In Software Engineering 2024. Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V., Bonn, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @incollection{Frank2024Simulating, address = {Bonn}, author = {Frank, Sebastian and Straesser, Martin and Wagner, Lion and Haas, Patrick and Hakamian, Alireza and Kounev, Samuel and Van Hoorn, André}, booktitle = {Software Engineering 2024}, keywords = {container_orchestration}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Simulating Microservice-based Architectures for Resilience Assessment Enriched by Authentic Container Orchestration}, year = 2024 }
• Marina: Realizing ML-Driven Real-Time Network Traffic Monitoring at Terabit Scale. Seufert, Michael; Dietz, Katharina; Wehner, Nikolas; Geißler, Stefan; Schüler, Joshua; Wolz, Manuel; Hotho, Andreas; Casas, Pedro; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Feldmann, Anja. In IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, pp. 1–1. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Network operators require real-time traffic monitoring insights to provide high performance and security to their customers. It has been shown that artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) can improve the visibility of telemetry systems, especially with encrypted traffic. However, current solutions cannot cope with high traffic rates and volumes in large-scale networks. To realize the ML-driven network intelligence paradigm at terabit scale, we design Marina, a system that spreads monitoring over a highly efficient data plane, which can extract traffic statistics at line rate, and a powerful ML server, which can run monitoring inference using complex ML models. We apply temporal microaggregation into sub-second time slots and extract moment-based statistics. These allow to flexibly obtain accurate ML-based monitoring decisions during the next time slot. To demonstrate the scalability of our design, we implement and evaluate a Marina data plane prototype on a Barefoot Wedge 100BF-65X P4 switch, which can monitor more than 520,000 concurrent flows at full switching capacity of 6.4 Tbps. We validate the analytics capabilities enabled by our Marina implementation for four ML-driven real-time monitoring tasks with a broad set of standard ML models, achieving comparable or better than state-of-the-art results.

  @article{10480735, abstract = {Network operators require real-time traffic monitoring insights to provide high performance and security to their customers. It has been shown that artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) can improve the visibility of telemetry systems, especially with encrypted traffic. However, current solutions cannot cope with high traffic rates and volumes in large-scale networks. To realize the ML-driven network intelligence paradigm at terabit scale, we design Marina, a system that spreads monitoring over a highly efficient data plane, which can extract traffic statistics at line rate, and a powerful ML server, which can run monitoring inference using complex ML models. We apply temporal microaggregation into sub-second time slots and extract moment-based statistics. These allow to flexibly obtain accurate ML-based monitoring decisions during the next time slot. To demonstrate the scalability of our design, we implement and evaluate a Marina data plane prototype on a Barefoot Wedge 100BF-65X P4 switch, which can monitor more than 520,000 concurrent flows at full switching capacity of 6.4 Tbps. We validate the analytics capabilities enabled by our Marina implementation for four ML-driven real-time monitoring tasks with a broad set of standard ML models, achieving comparable or better than state-of-the-art results.}, author = {Seufert, Michael and Dietz, Katharina and Wehner, Nikolas and Geißler, Stefan and Schüler, Joshua and Wolz, Manuel and Hotho, Andreas and Casas, Pedro and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Feldmann, Anja}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management}, keywords = {traffic}, pages = {1-1}, title = {Marina: Realizing ML-Driven Real-Time Network Traffic Monitoring at Terabit Scale}, year = 2024 }
• Usability, Acceptance, and Trust of Privacy Protection Mechanisms and Identity Management in Social Virtual Reality. Lin, Jinghuai; Rack, Christian; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR). IEEE Computer Society, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In social virtual reality (social VR), users are threatened by potential cybercrimes, such as identity theft, sensitive data breaches, and embodied harassment. These concerns are heightened by the increasing interest in the metaverse, the advancements in photorealistic 3D user reconstructions, and the rising incidents of online privacy violations. Designing secure social VR applications that protect users while enhancing their experience, acceptance and trust remains a challenge. This article investigates potential identity management solutions in social VR, and their impacts on usability and user acceptance. We developed a social VR prototype with novel and established countermeasures, including motion biometric verification, and conducted a study with 52 participants. Our findings reveal diverse preferences for identity management and underscore the importance of authenticity, autonomy, and reciprocity. Key findings include: passive verification is favored for pragmatic user experience, while active verification is preferred for its hedonic quality; continuous or periodic verification strengthens users’ confidence in their privacy; and while user awareness promotes authentic engagement, it may also diminish the willingness to disclose personal information. This research not only offers foundational insights into the evaluated scenarios and countermeasures, but also sheds light on the designs of more trustworthy and inclusive social VR applications.

  @inproceedings{lin2024usability, abstract = {In social virtual reality (social VR), users are threatened by potential cybercrimes, such as identity theft, sensitive data breaches, and embodied harassment. These concerns are heightened by the increasing interest in the metaverse, the advancements in photorealistic 3D user reconstructions, and the rising incidents of online privacy violations. Designing secure social VR applications that protect users while enhancing their experience, acceptance and trust remains a challenge. This article investigates potential identity management solutions in social VR, and their impacts on usability and user acceptance. We developed a social VR prototype with novel and established countermeasures, including motion biometric verification, and conducted a study with 52 participants. Our findings reveal diverse preferences for identity management and underscore the importance of authenticity, autonomy, and reciprocity. Key findings include: passive verification is favored for pragmatic user experience, while active verification is preferred for its hedonic quality; continuous or periodic verification strengthens users’ confidence in their privacy; and while user awareness promotes authentic engagement, it may also diminish the willingness to disclose personal information. This research not only offers foundational insights into the evaluated scenarios and countermeasures, but also sheds light on the designs of more trustworthy and inclusive social VR applications.}, author = {Lin, Jinghuai and Rack, Christian and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {xrhub}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, title = {Usability, Acceptance, and Trust of Privacy Protection Mechanisms and Identity Management in Social Virtual Reality}, year = 2024 }
• Early Results and In-Flight Experience of the 6U-Mission SONATE-2. Schwarz, Tobias; Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas. In Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S). Palma de Mallorca, Spain, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  SONATE-2 is a 6U+ CubeSat for technology demonstration developed at the University of Würzburg. It was launched on SpaceX' Transporter-10 mission into a 527x505 km Sun synchronous orbit on March 4, 2024.

  @inproceedings{schwarzEARLYRESULTSINFLIGHT2024, abstract = {SONATE-2 is a 6U+ CubeSat for technology demonstration developed at the University of Würzburg. It was launched on SpaceX' Transporter-10 mission into a 527x505 km Sun synchronous orbit on March 4, 2024.}, address = {Palma de Mallorca, Spain}, author = {Schwarz, Tobias and Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas}, booktitle = {Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S)}, keywords = {results}, title = {Early Results and In-Flight Experience of the 6U-Mission SONATE-2}, year = 2024 }
• Universal Access for Social XR Across Devices: The Impact of Immersion on the Experience in Asymmetric Virtual Collaboration. Merz, Christian; Göttfert, Christopher; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Virtual Reality conference (VR ’24). IEEE, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This article investigates the influence of input/output device characteristics and degrees of immersion on the User Experience (UX) of specific eXtended Reality (XR) effects, i.e., presence, self-perception, other-perception, and task perception. It targets universal access to social XR, where dedicated XR hardware is unavailable or can not be used, but participation is desirable or even necessary. We compare three different device configurations: (i) desktop screen with mouse, (ii) desktop screen with tracked controllers, and (iii) Head-Mounted Display (HMD) with tracked controllers. 87 participants took part in collaborative dyadic interaction (a sorting task) with asymmetric device configurations in a specifically developed social XR. In line with prior research, the sense of presence and embodiment were significantly lower for the desktop setups. However, we only found minor differences in task load and no differences in usability and enjoyment of the task between the conditions. Additionally, the perceived humanness and virtual human plausibility of the other were not affected, no matter the device used. Finally, there was no impact regarding co-presence and social presence independent of the level of immersion of oneself or the other. We conclude that the device in social XR is important for self-perception and presence. However, our results indicate that the devices do not affect important UX and usability aspects, specifically, the qualities of social interaction in collaborative scenarios, paving the way for universal access to social XR encounters and significantly promoting participation.

  @inproceedings{merz2024universal, abstract = {This article investigates the influence of input/output device characteristics and degrees of immersion on the User Experience (UX) of specific eXtended Reality (XR) effects, i.e., presence, self-perception, other-perception, and task perception. It targets universal access to social XR, where dedicated XR hardware is unavailable or can not be used, but participation is desirable or even necessary. We compare three different device configurations: (i) desktop screen with mouse, (ii) desktop screen with tracked controllers, and (iii) Head-Mounted Display (HMD) with tracked controllers. 87 participants took part in collaborative dyadic interaction (a sorting task) with asymmetric device configurations in a specifically developed social XR. In line with prior research, the sense of presence and embodiment were significantly lower for the desktop setups. However, we only found minor differences in task load and no differences in usability and enjoyment of the task between the conditions. Additionally, the perceived humanness and virtual human plausibility of the other were not affected, no matter the device used. Finally, there was no impact regarding co-presence and social presence independent of the level of immersion of oneself or the other. We conclude that the device in social XR is important for self-perception and presence. However, our results indicate that the devices do not affect important UX and usability aspects, specifically, the qualities of social interaction in collaborative scenarios, paving the way for universal access to social XR encounters and significantly promoting participation.}, author = {Merz, Christian and Göttfert, Christopher and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Virtual Reality conference (VR '24)}, keywords = {merz}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {Universal Access for Social XR Across Devices: The Impact of Immersion on the Experience in Asymmetric Virtual Collaboration}, year = 2024 }
• How Far Is the Nanocellulose Chip and Its Production in Reach? A Literature Survey. Bencurova, Elena; Chinazzo, André; Kar, Bipasa; Jung, Matthias; Dandekar, Thomas. In Nanomaterials, 14(18). 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  The slowdown of Moore’s Law necessitates an exploration of novel computing methodologies, new materials, and advantages in chip design. Thus, carbon-based materials have promise for more energy-efficient computing systems in the future. Moreover, sustainability emerges as a new concern for the semiconductor industry. The production and recycling processes associated with current chips present huge environmental challenges. Electronic waste is a major problem, and sustainable solutions in computing must be found. In this review, we examine an alternative chip design based on nanocellulose, which also features semiconductor properties and transistors. Our review highlights that nanocellulose (NC) is a versatile material and a high-potential composite, as it can be fabricated to gain suitable electronic and semiconducting properties. NC provides ideal support for ink-printed transistors and electronics, including green paper electronics. Here, we summarise various processing procedures for nanocellulose and describe the structure of exclusively nanocellulose-based transistors. Furthermore, we survey the recent scientific efforts in organic chip design and show how fully automated production of such a full NC chip could be achieved, including a Process Design Kit (PDK), expected variation models, and a standard cell library at the logic-gate level, where multiple transistors are connected to perform basic logic operations—for instance, the NOT-AND (NAND) gate. Taking all these attractive nanocellulose features into account, we envision how chips based on nanocellulose can be fabricated using Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tool chains.

  @article{benchi_24, abstract = {The slowdown of Moore’s Law necessitates an exploration of novel computing methodologies, new materials, and advantages in chip design. Thus, carbon-based materials have promise for more energy-efficient computing systems in the future. Moreover, sustainability emerges as a new concern for the semiconductor industry. The production and recycling processes associated with current chips present huge environmental challenges. Electronic waste is a major problem, and sustainable solutions in computing must be found. In this review, we examine an alternative chip design based on nanocellulose, which also features semiconductor properties and transistors. Our review highlights that nanocellulose (NC) is a versatile material and a high-potential composite, as it can be fabricated to gain suitable electronic and semiconducting properties. NC provides ideal support for ink-printed transistors and electronics, including green paper electronics. Here, we summarise various processing procedures for nanocellulose and describe the structure of exclusively nanocellulose-based transistors. Furthermore, we survey the recent scientific efforts in organic chip design and show how fully automated production of such a full NC chip could be achieved, including a Process Design Kit (PDK), expected variation models, and a standard cell library at the logic-gate level, where multiple transistors are connected to perform basic logic operations—for instance, the NOT-AND (NAND) gate. Taking all these attractive nanocellulose features into account, we envision how chips based on nanocellulose can be fabricated using Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tool chains.}, author = {Bencurova, Elena and Chinazzo, André and Kar, Bipasa and Jung, Matthias and Dandekar, Thomas}, journal = {Nanomaterials}, keywords = {myown}, number = 18, title = {How Far Is the Nanocellulose Chip and Its Production in Reach? A Literature Survey}, volume = 14, year = 2024 }
• Integrating Sound Effects and Background Music in Robotic Storytelling - A Series of Online Studies Across Different Story Genres. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lugrin, Birgit. In Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans, p. 100085. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{steinhaeusser2024naosoundseries, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = 100085, title = {Integrating Sound Effects and Background Music in Robotic Storytelling - A Series of Online Studies Across Different Story Genres}, year = 2024 }
• Effect of Duration and Delay on the Identifiability of VR Motion. Miller, Mark R; Nair, Vivek C; Han, Eugy; DeVeaux, Cyan; Rack, Christian; Wang, Rui; Huang, Brandon; Latoschik, Marc Erich; O’Brien, James F; Bailenson, Jeremy N. In 2024 IEEE 25th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{miller2024effect, author = {Miller, Mark R and Nair, Vivek C and Han, Eugy and DeVeaux, Cyan and Rack, Christian and Wang, Rui and Huang, Brandon and Latoschik, Marc Erich and O'Brien, James F and Bailenson, Jeremy N}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE 25th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)}, keywords = {schell}, title = {Effect of Duration and Delay on the Identifiability of VR Motion}, year = 2024 }
• Navigating the Kinematic Maze: Analyzing, Standardizing and Unifying XR Motion Datasets. Rack, Christian; Nair, Vivek; Schach, Lukas; Foschum, Felix; Roth, Marcel; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW). IEEE, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper addresses the critical importance of standards and documentation in kinematic research, particularly within Extended Reality (XR) environments. We focus on the pivotal role of motion data, emphasizing the challenges posed by the current lack of standardized practices in XR user motion datasets. Our work involves a detailed analysis of 8 existing datasets, identifying gaps in documentation and essential specifications such as coordinate systems, rotation representations, and units of measurement. We highlight how these gaps can lead to misinterpretations and irreproducible results. Based on our findings, we propose a set of guidelines and best practices for creating and documenting motion datasets, aiming to improve their quality, usability, and reproducibility. We also created a web-based tool for visual inspection of motion recordings, further aiding in dataset evaluation and standardization. Furthermore, we introduce the XR Motion Dataset Catalogue, a collection of the analyzed datasets in a unified and aligned format. This initiative significantly streamlines access for researchers, allowing them to download partial or entire datasets with a single line of code and without the need for additional alignment efforts. Our contributions enhance dataset integrity and reliability in kinematic research, paving the way for more consistent and scientifically robust studies in this evolving field.

  @inproceedings{noauthororeditor2024navigating, abstract = {This paper addresses the critical importance of standards and documentation in kinematic research, particularly within Extended Reality (XR) environments. We focus on the pivotal role of motion data, emphasizing the challenges posed by the current lack of standardized practices in XR user motion datasets. Our work involves a detailed analysis of 8 existing datasets, identifying gaps in documentation and essential specifications such as coordinate systems, rotation representations, and units of measurement. We highlight how these gaps can lead to misinterpretations and irreproducible results. Based on our findings, we propose a set of guidelines and best practices for creating and documenting motion datasets, aiming to improve their quality, usability, and reproducibility. We also created a web-based tool for visual inspection of motion recordings, further aiding in dataset evaluation and standardization. Furthermore, we introduce the XR Motion Dataset Catalogue, a collection of the analyzed datasets in a unified and aligned format. This initiative significantly streamlines access for researchers, allowing them to download partial or entire datasets with a single line of code and without the need for additional alignment efforts. Our contributions enhance dataset integrity and reliability in kinematic research, paving the way for more consistent and scientifically robust studies in this evolving field.}, author = {Rack, Christian and Nair, Vivek and Schach, Lukas and Foschum, Felix and Roth, Marcel and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {schell}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {Navigating the Kinematic Maze: Analyzing, Standardizing and Unifying XR Motion Datasets}, year = 2024 }
• Influence of Virtual Shoe Formality on Gait and Cognitive Performance in a VR Walking Task. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Birnstiel, Sandra; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Virtual Reality conference (VR ’24). IEEE, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Depending on their formality, clothes do not only change one's appearance, but can also influence behavior and cognitive processes. Shoes are a special aspect of an outfit. Besides coming in various degrees of formality, their structure can affect human gait. Avatars used to embody users in immersive Virtual Reality (VR) can wear any kind of clothing. According to the Proteus Effect, the appearance of a user's avatar can influence their behavior. Users change their behavior in accordance to the expected behavior of the avatar. In our study, we embody 39 participants with a generic avatar of the user's gender wearing three different pairs of shoes as within condition. The shoes differ in degree of formality. We measure the gait during a 2-minute walking task during which participants wore the same real shoe and assess selective attention using the Stroop task. Our results show significant differences in gait between the tested virtual shoe pairs. We found small effects between the three shoe conditions with respect to selective attention. However, we found no significant differences with respect to correct items and response time in the Stroop task. Thus, our results indicate that virtual shoes are accepted by users and, although not eliciting any physical constraints, lead to changes in gait. This suggests that users not only adjust personal behavior according to the Proteus Effect, but also are affected by virtual biomechanical constraints. Also, our results suggest a potential influence of virtual clothing on cognitive performance.

  @inproceedings{oberdorfer2024influence, abstract = {Depending on their formality, clothes do not only change one's appearance, but can also influence behavior and cognitive processes. Shoes are a special aspect of an outfit. Besides coming in various degrees of formality, their structure can affect human gait. Avatars used to embody users in immersive Virtual Reality (VR) can wear any kind of clothing. According to the Proteus Effect, the appearance of a user's avatar can influence their behavior. Users change their behavior in accordance to the expected behavior of the avatar. In our study, we embody 39 participants with a generic avatar of the user's gender wearing three different pairs of shoes as within condition. The shoes differ in degree of formality. We measure the gait during a 2-minute walking task during which participants wore the same real shoe and assess selective attention using the Stroop task. Our results show significant differences in gait between the tested virtual shoe pairs. We found small effects between the three shoe conditions with respect to selective attention. However, we found no significant differences with respect to correct items and response time in the Stroop task. Thus, our results indicate that virtual shoes are accepted by users and, although not eliciting any physical constraints, lead to changes in gait. This suggests that users not only adjust personal behavior according to the Proteus Effect, but also are affected by virtual biomechanical constraints. Also, our results suggest a potential influence of virtual clothing on cognitive performance.}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Birnstiel, Sandra and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Virtual Reality conference (VR '24)}, keywords = {dark-sides-vr}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {Influence of Virtual Shoe Formality on Gait and Cognitive Performance in a VR Walking Task}, year = 2024 }
• Inferring Private Personal Attributes of Virtual Reality Users from Ecologically Valid Head and Hand Motion Data. Nair, Vivek; Rack, Christian; Guo, Wenbo; Wang, Rui; Li, Shuixian; Huang, Brandon; Cull, Atticus; O’Brien, James F.; Latoschik, Marc; Rosenberg, Louis; Song, Dawn. In 2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), pp. 477–484. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{10536245, author = {Nair, Vivek and Rack, Christian and Guo, Wenbo and Wang, Rui and Li, Shuixian and Huang, Brandon and Cull, Atticus and O'Brien, James F. and Latoschik, Marc and Rosenberg, Louis and Song, Dawn}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {schell}, pages = {477-484}, title = {Inferring Private Personal Attributes of Virtual Reality Users from Ecologically Valid Head and Hand Motion Data}, year = 2024 }
• Generating Temporal Contact Graphs Using Random Walkers. Almasan, Anton-David; Shvydun, Sergey; Scholtes, Ingo; Mieghem, Piet Van. In CoRR, abs/2409.08690. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2409-08690, author = {Almasan, Anton-David and Shvydun, Sergey and Scholtes, Ingo and Mieghem, Piet Van}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Generating Temporal Contact Graphs Using Random Walkers.}, volume = {abs/2409.08690}, year = 2024 }
• Pushing Yourself to the Limit-Influence of Emotional Virtual Environment Design on Physical Training in VR. Oberd{ö}rfer, Sebastian; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C; Najjar, Amiin; T{ü}mmers, Clemens; Latoschik, Marc. In ACM Games: Research and Practice. ACM New York, NY, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{oberdorfer2024pushing, author = {Oberd{\"o}rfer, Sebastian and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C and Najjar, Amiin and T{\"u}mmers, Clemens and Latoschik, Marc}, journal = {ACM Games: Research and Practice}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, publisher = {ACM New York, NY}, title = {Pushing Yourself to the Limit-Influence of Emotional Virtual Environment Design on Physical Training in VR}, year = 2024 }
• Introducing a Model for (Long-term) Personalization of the Behavior of a Social Robot Tutor based on Self-determination Theory and Empirical Findings. Melissa, Donnermann; Birgit, Lugrin. In 2024 33th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2024), pp. 1279–1286. IEEE, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{melissa2024introducing, author = {Melissa, Donnermann and Birgit, Lugrin}, booktitle = {2024 33th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2024)}, keywords = {mi}, pages = {1279-1286}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Introducing a Model for (Long-term) Personalization of the Behavior of a Social Robot Tutor based on Self-determination Theory and Empirical Findings}, year = 2024 }
• Integration of Robot-supported Tutoring in Higher Education - An Empirically Based Concept. Donnermann, Melissa; Lugrin, Birgit. In ACM 16th International Conference on Education Technology and Computers (ICETC 2024), Vol. in press. ACM, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{donnermann2024integration, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {ACM 16th International Conference on Education Technology and Computers (ICETC 2024)}, keywords = {mi}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Integration of Robot-supported Tutoring in Higher Education - An Empirically Based Concept}, volume = {in press}, year = 2024 }
• Meet or Call my Robotic Tutor? - The Effect of a Physically vs. Virtually Present Social Robot on Learning Outcomes, Engagement and Perception. Donnermann, Melissa; Heinzmann, Pauline; Lugrin, Birgit. In Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2024). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{10.1145/3610978.3640679, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Heinzmann, Pauline and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2024)}, keywords = {mi}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Meet or Call my Robotic Tutor? - The Effect of a Physically vs. Virtually Present Social Robot on Learning Outcomes, Engagement and Perception}, year = 2024 }
• PIMSys: A Virtual Prototype for Processing in Memory. Christ, Derek; Steiner, Lukas; Wehn, Norbert; Jung, Matthias. In 10th International Symposium on Memory Systems (MEMSYS 2024). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{christ2024pimsys, author = {Christ, Derek and Steiner, Lukas and Wehn, Norbert and Jung, Matthias}, booktitle = {10th International Symposium on Memory Systems (MEMSYS 2024)}, keywords = {from:myzinsky}, title = {PIMSys: A Virtual Prototype for Processing in Memory}, year = 2024 }
• WILDAVATARS: Smartphone-Based Reconstruction of Full-Body Avatars in the Wild. Menzel, Timo; Wolf, Erik; Wenninger, Stephan; Spinczyk, Niklas; Holderrieth, Lena; Schwanecke, Ulrich; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Botsch, Mario. In TechRxiv. 2024.
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  Realistic full-body avatars play a key role in representing users in virtual environments, where they have been shown to considerably improve body ownership and presence. Driven by the growing demand for realistic virtual humans, extensive research on scanning-based avatar reconstruction has been conducted in recent years. Most methods, however, require complex hardware, such as expensive camera rigs and/or controlled capture setups, thereby restricting avatar generation to specialized labs. We propose WILDAVATARS, an approach that empowers even non-experts without access to complex equipment to capture realistic avatars in the wild. Our avatar generation is based on an easy-to-use smartphone application that guides the user through the scanning process and uploads the captured data to a server, which in a fully automatic manner reconstructs a photorealistic avatar that is ready to be downloaded into a VR application. To increase the availability and foster the use of realistic virtual humans in VR applications we will make WILDAVATARS publicly available for research purposes.

  @article{menzel2024wildavatars, abstract = {Realistic full-body avatars play a key role in representing users in virtual environments, where they have been shown to considerably improve body ownership and presence. Driven by the growing demand for realistic virtual humans, extensive research on scanning-based avatar reconstruction has been conducted in recent years. Most methods, however, require complex hardware, such as expensive camera rigs and/or controlled capture setups, thereby restricting avatar generation to specialized labs. We propose WILDAVATARS, an approach that empowers even non-experts without access to complex equipment to capture realistic avatars in the wild. Our avatar generation is based on an easy-to-use smartphone application that guides the user through the scanning process and uploads the captured data to a server, which in a fully automatic manner reconstructs a photorealistic avatar that is ready to be downloaded into a VR application. To increase the availability and foster the use of realistic virtual humans in VR applications we will make WILDAVATARS publicly available for research purposes.}, author = {Menzel, Timo and Wolf, Erik and Wenninger, Stephan and Spinczyk, Niklas and Holderrieth, Lena and Schwanecke, Ulrich and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Botsch, Mario}, journal = {TechRxiv}, keywords = {myown}, note = {Preprint}, title = {WILDAVATARS: Smartphone-Based Reconstruction of Full-Body Avatars in the Wild}, year = 2024 }
• {Embodied Intelligence in Mining: Leveraging Multi-modal Large Language Model for Autonomous Driving in Mines}. Li, Luxi; Li, Yuchen; Zhang, Xiaotong; He, Yuhang; Yang, Jianjian; Tian, Bin; Ai, Yunfeng; Li, Lingxi; N{ü}chter, A.; Xuanyuan, Zhe. In IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles (TIV), pp. 1–4. 2024.
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  With computer technology advancing in both software and hardware, the benefits of embodied intelligence are becoming increasingly evident. This robust interactive learning model enables artificial intelligence (AI) to be more flexibly deployed across diverse fields. In recent years, the development of multi-modal large language models (LLMs) has further accelerated the progress of AI, prompting extensive research on how to leverage these advancements to enhance the field of autonomous driving. This perspective believes that embodied intelligence can significantly enhance the application of LLMs, analyzing the new opportunities brought to the mining industry, and emphasizing the potential of their integration to revolutionize various aspects of the field. Meanwhile, This perspective also examines the challenges of deploying embodied agents in mining, while emphasizing their promising future and offering insights into potential research and development avenues.

  @article{TIV2024_1, abstract = {With computer technology advancing in both software and hardware, the benefits of embodied intelligence are becoming increasingly evident. This robust interactive learning model enables artificial intelligence (AI) to be more flexibly deployed across diverse fields. In recent years, the development of multi-modal large language models (LLMs) has further accelerated the progress of AI, prompting extensive research on how to leverage these advancements to enhance the field of autonomous driving. This perspective believes that embodied intelligence can significantly enhance the application of LLMs, analyzing the new opportunities brought to the mining industry, and emphasizing the potential of their integration to revolutionize various aspects of the field. Meanwhile, This perspective also examines the challenges of deploying embodied agents in mining, while emphasizing their promising future and offering insights into potential research and development avenues.}, author = {Li, Luxi and Li, Yuchen and Zhang, Xiaotong and He, Yuhang and Yang, Jianjian and Tian, Bin and Ai, Yunfeng and Li, Lingxi and N{\"u}chter, A. and Xuanyuan, Zhe}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles (TIV)}, keywords = {model;intelligent}, pages = {1-4}, title = {{Embodied Intelligence in Mining: Leveraging Multi-modal Large Language Model for Autonomous Driving in Mines}}, year = 2024 }
• {Uni-Fusion: Universal Continuous Mapping}. Yuan, Y.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO), 40, pp. 1373–1392. 2024.
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  We present Uni-Fusion, a universal continuous mapping framework for surfaces, surface properties (color, infrared, etc.) and more (latent features in contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) embedding space, etc.). We propose the first universal implicit encoding model that supports encoding of both geometry and different types of properties (RGB, infrared, features, etc.) without requiring any training. Based on this, our framework divides the point cloud into regular grid voxels and generates a latent feature in each voxel to form a latent implicit map (LIM) for geometries and arbitrary properties. Then, by fusing a local LIM frame-wisely into a global LIM, an incremental reconstruction is achieved. Encoded with corresponding types of data, our LIM is capable of generating continuous surfaces, surface property fields, surface feature fields, and all other possible options. To demonstrate the capabilities of our model, we implement three applications: incremental reconstruction for surfaces and color, 2-D-to-3-D transfer of fabricated properties, and open-vocabulary scene understanding by creating a text CLIP feature field on surfaces. We evaluate Uni-Fusion by comparing it in corresponding applications, from which Uni-Fusion shows high-flexibility in various applications while performing best or being competitive.

  @article{TRO2024, abstract = {We present Uni-Fusion, a universal continuous mapping framework for surfaces, surface properties (color, infrared, etc.) and more (latent features in contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) embedding space, etc.). We propose the first universal implicit encoding model that supports encoding of both geometry and different types of properties (RGB, infrared, features, etc.) without requiring any training. Based on this, our framework divides the point cloud into regular grid voxels and generates a latent feature in each voxel to form a latent implicit map (LIM) for geometries and arbitrary properties. Then, by fusing a local LIM frame-wisely into a global LIM, an incremental reconstruction is achieved. Encoded with corresponding types of data, our LIM is capable of generating continuous surfaces, surface property fields, surface feature fields, and all other possible options. To demonstrate the capabilities of our model, we implement three applications: incremental reconstruction for surfaces and color, 2-D-to-3-D transfer of fabricated properties, and open-vocabulary scene understanding by creating a text CLIP feature field on surfaces. We evaluate Uni-Fusion by comparing it in corresponding applications, from which Uni-Fusion shows high-flexibility in various applications while performing best or being competitive.}, author = {Yuan, Y. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1373–1392}, title = {{Uni-Fusion: Universal Continuous Mapping}}, volume = 40, year = 2024 }
• Challenges for Quantum Software Engineering: An Industrial Application Scenario Perspective. Carbonelli, Cecilia; Felderer, Michael; Jung, Matthias; Lobe, Elisabeth; Lochau, Malte; Luber, Sebastian; Mauerer, Wolfgang; Ramler, Rudolf; Schaefer, Ina; Schroth, Christoph. In Quantum Software: Aspects of Theory and System Design, I. Exman, R. P{é}rez-Castillo, M. Piattini, M. Felderer (eds.), pp. 311–335. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2024.
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  Quantum software is becoming a key enabler for applying quantum computing to industrial use cases. This poses challenges to quantum software engineering in providing efficient and effective means to develop such software. Eventually, this must be reliably achieved in time, on budget, and in quality, using sound and well-principled engineering approaches. Given that quantum computers are based on fundamentally different principles than classical machines, this raises the question if, how, and to what extent established techniques for systematically engineering software need to be adapted. In this chapter, we analyze three paradigmatic application scenarios for quantum software engineering from an industrial perspective. The respective use cases center around (1) optimization and quantum cloud services, (2) quantum simulation, and (3) embedded quantum computing. Our aim is to provide a concise overview of the current and future applications of quantum computing in diverse industrial settings. We derive presumed challenges for quantum software engineering and thus provide research directions for this emerging field.

  @inbook{Carbonelli2024, abstract = {Quantum software is becoming a key enabler for applying quantum computing to industrial use cases. This poses challenges to quantum software engineering in providing efficient and effective means to develop such software. Eventually, this must be reliably achieved in time, on budget, and in quality, using sound and well-principled engineering approaches. Given that quantum computers are based on fundamentally different principles than classical machines, this raises the question if, how, and to what extent established techniques for systematically engineering software need to be adapted. In this chapter, we analyze three paradigmatic application scenarios for quantum software engineering from an industrial perspective. The respective use cases center around (1) optimization and quantum cloud services, (2) quantum simulation, and (3) embedded quantum computing. Our aim is to provide a concise overview of the current and future applications of quantum computing in diverse industrial settings. We derive presumed challenges for quantum software engineering and thus provide research directions for this emerging field.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Carbonelli, Cecilia and Felderer, Michael and Jung, Matthias and Lobe, Elisabeth and Lochau, Malte and Luber, Sebastian and Mauerer, Wolfgang and Ramler, Rudolf and Schaefer, Ina and Schroth, Christoph}, booktitle = {Quantum Software: Aspects of Theory and System Design}, editor = {Exman, Iaakov and P{\'e}rez-Castillo, Ricardo and Piattini, Mario and Felderer, Michael}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {311–335}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {Challenges for Quantum Software Engineering: An Industrial Application Scenario Perspective}, year = 2024 }
• Combining Emotional Gestures, Sound Effects, and Background Music for Robotic Storytelling - Effects on Storytelling Experience, Emotion Induction, and Robot Perception. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Piller, Ramona; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, pp. 687–696. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2024gesturessounds, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Piller, Ramona and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = {687–696}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Combining Emotional Gestures, Sound Effects, and Background Music for Robotic Storytelling - Effects on Storytelling Experience, Emotion Induction, and Robot Perception}, year = 2024 }
• Uli-RL: A Real-World Deep Reinforcement Learning Pedagogical Agent for Children. Riedmann, Anna; Götz, Julia; D’Eramo, Carlo; Lugrin, Birgit. In 47th German Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vol. to appear. of KI 2024. 2024.
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  @inproceedings{riedmann2024rlagent, author = {Riedmann, Anna and Götz, Julia and D’Eramo, Carlo and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {47th German Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, keywords = {sia}, series = {KI 2024}, title = {Uli-RL: A Real-World Deep Reinforcement Learning Pedagogical Agent for Children}, volume = {to appear.}, year = 2024 }
• Erste Flugergebnisse der Satellitenmission SONATE-2. Balagurin, O.; Greiner, T.; Herbst, T.; Kaiser, T.; Kayal, H.; Männel, J.; Maurer, A.; Neumann, T.; Riegler, C.; Schwarz, T. In Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Hamburg, 2024.
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  SONATE-2 ist eine Technologiedemonstrationsmission im 6U -CubeSat-Format, deren Hauptziel es ist, neuartige Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz für den Einsatz auf Nanosatelliten im Orbit zu verifizieren. Nach etwa drei Jahren Entwicklungszeit wurde der SONATE-2-Satellit Anfang März 2024 durch eine Falcon-9-Rakete in den Low Earth Orbit befördert und wird seitdem vom eigenen Missionskontrollzentrum der Uni-versität Würzburg betrieben. Dieses Paper fasst die Ergebnisse der ersten fünf Monate des Satellitenbe-triebs zusammen.

  @inproceedings{https://doi.org/10.25967/630218, abstract = {SONATE-2 ist eine Technologiedemonstrationsmission im 6U -CubeSat-Format, deren Hauptziel es ist, neuartige Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz für den Einsatz auf Nanosatelliten im Orbit zu verifizieren. Nach etwa drei Jahren Entwicklungszeit wurde der SONATE-2-Satellit Anfang März 2024 durch eine Falcon-9-Rakete in den Low Earth Orbit befördert und wird seitdem vom eigenen Missionskontrollzentrum der Uni-versität Würzburg betrieben. Dieses Paper fasst die Ergebnisse der ersten fünf Monate des Satellitenbe-triebs zusammen.}, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Balagurin, O. and Greiner, T. and Herbst, T. and Kaiser, T. and Kayal, H. and Männel, J. and Maurer, A. and Neumann, T. and Riegler, C. and Schwarz, T.}, booktitle = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress}, keywords = {cubesat}, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, title = {Erste Flugergebnisse der Satellitenmission SONATE-2}, year = 2024 }
• Outerplanar and Forest Storyplans. Fiala, Jiří; Firman, Oksana; Liotta, Giuseppe; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 50th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM), Vol. 14519 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, H. Fernau, S. Gaspers, R. Klasing (eds.), pp. 211–225. Springer-Verlag, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{fflwz-ofs-SOFSEM24, author = {Fiala, Jiří and Firman, Oksana and Liotta, Giuseppe and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 50th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM)}, editor = {Fernau, Henning and Gaspers, Serge and Klasing, Ralf}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {211–225}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Outerplanar and Forest Storyplans}, volume = 14519, year = 2024 }
• The Price of Upwardness. Angelini, Patrizio; Biedl, Therese; Chimani, Markus; Cornelsen, Sabine; {Da Lozzo}, Giordano; Hong, Seok-Hee; Liotta, Giuseppe; Patrignani, Maurizio; Pupyrev, Sergey; Rutter, Ignaz; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 320 of LIPIcs, S. Felsner, K. Klein (eds.), pp. 13:1–20. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{abccdhlpprw-pu-GD24, author = {Angelini, Patrizio and Biedl, Therese and Chimani, Markus and Cornelsen, Sabine and {Da Lozzo}, Giordano and Hong, Seok-Hee and Liotta, Giuseppe and Patrignani, Maurizio and Pupyrev, Sergey and Rutter, Ignaz and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Felsner, Stefan and Klein, Karsten}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {13:1–20}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {The Price of Upwardness}, volume = 320, year = 2024 }
• Bounding and Computing Obstacle Numbers of Graphs. Balko, Martin; Chaplick, Steven; Ganian, Robert; Gupta, Siddharth; Hoffmann, Michael; Valtr, Pavel; Wolff, Alexander. In SIAM Journal of Discrete Mathematics, 38(2), pp. 1537–1565. 2024.
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  An obstacle representation of a graph G consists of a set of pairwise disjoint simply-connected closed regions and a one-to-one mapping of the vertices of G to points such that two vertices are adjacent in G if and only if the line segment connecting the two corresponding points does not intersect any obstacle. The obstacle number of a graph is the smallest number of obstacles in an obstacle representation of the graph in the plane such that all obstacles are simple polygons. \par It is known that the obstacle number of each n-vertex graph is O(n log n) [Balko, Cibulka, and Valtr, 2018] and that there are n-vertex graphs whose obstacle number is Ω(n/(log log n)^2) [Dujmović and Morin, 2015]. We improve this lower bound to Ω(n/log log n) for simple polygons and to Ω(n) for convex polygons. To obtain these stronger bounds, we improve known estimates on the number of n-vertex graphs with bounded obstacle number, solving a conjecture by Dujmović and Morin. We also show that if the drawing of some n-vertex graph is given as part of the input, then for some drawings Ω(n2) obstacles are required to turn them into an obstacle representation of the graph. Our bounds are asymptotically tight in several instances. \par We complement these combinatorial bounds by two complexity results. First, we show that computing the obstacle number of a graph G is fixed-parameter tractable in the vertex cover number of G. Second, we show that, given a graph G and a simple polygon P, it is NP-hard to decide whether G admits an obstacle representation using P as the only obstacle.

  @article{bcghvw-bcong-SIDMA24, abstract = {An obstacle representation of a graph G consists of a set of pairwise disjoint simply-connected closed regions and a one-to-one mapping of the vertices of G to points such that two vertices are adjacent in G if and only if the line segment connecting the two corresponding points does not intersect any obstacle. The obstacle number of a graph is the smallest number of obstacles in an obstacle representation of the graph in the plane such that all obstacles are simple polygons. \par It is known that the obstacle number of each n-vertex graph is O(n log n) [Balko, Cibulka, and Valtr, 2018] and that there are n-vertex graphs whose obstacle number is Ω(n/(log log n)^2) [Dujmović and Morin, 2015]. We improve this lower bound to Ω(n/log log n) for simple polygons and to Ω(n) for convex polygons. To obtain these stronger bounds, we improve known estimates on the number of n-vertex graphs with bounded obstacle number, solving a conjecture by Dujmović and Morin. We also show that if the drawing of some n-vertex graph is given as part of the input, then for some drawings Ω(n2) obstacles are required to turn them into an obstacle representation of the graph. Our bounds are asymptotically tight in several instances. \par We complement these combinatorial bounds by two complexity results. First, we show that computing the obstacle number of a graph G is fixed-parameter tractable in the vertex cover number of G. Second, we show that, given a graph G and a simple polygon P, it is NP-hard to decide whether G admits an obstacle representation using P as the only obstacle.}, author = {Balko, Martin and Chaplick, Steven and Ganian, Robert and Gupta, Siddharth and Hoffmann, Michael and Valtr, Pavel and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {SIAM Journal of Discrete Mathematics}, keywords = {convex_obstacle_number}, number = 2, pages = {1537–1565}, title = {Bounding and Computing Obstacle Numbers of Graphs}, volume = 38, year = 2024 }
• Sora for Smart Mining: Towards Sustainability With Imaginative Intelligence and Parallel Intelligence. Xie, Yuting; Wang, Cong; Liu, Kunhua; Xuanyuan, Zhe; He, Yuhang; Cheng, Hui; N{ü}chter, A.; Li, Lingxi; Huai, Rouxing; Tang, Shuming; Ma, Siji; Chen, Long. In IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles, pp. 1–2. 2024.
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  @article{TIV2024, author = {Xie, Yuting and Wang, Cong and Liu, Kunhua and Xuanyuan, Zhe and He, Yuhang and Cheng, Hui and N{\"u}chter, A. and Li, Lingxi and Huai, Rouxing and Tang, Shuming and Ma, Siji and Chen, Long}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles}, keywords = {Vehicles}, pages = {1–2}, title = {Sora for Smart Mining: Towards Sustainability With Imaginative Intelligence and Parallel Intelligence}, year = 2024 }
• From 2D-Screens to VR: Exploring the Effect of Immersion on the Plausibility of Virtual Humans. Mal, David; Wolf, Erik; Döllinger, Nina; Botsch, Mario; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In CHI 24 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, pp. 1–8. 2024.
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  Virtual humans significantly contribute to users' plausible XR experiences. However, it may be not only the congruent rendering of the virtual human but also the intermediary display technology having a significant impact on virtual humans' plausibility. In a low-immersive desktop-based and a high-immersive VR condition, participants rated realistic and abstract animated virtual humans regarding plausibility, affective appraisal, and social judgments. First, our results confirmed the factor structure of a preliminary virtual human plausibility questionnaire in VR. Further, the appearance and behavior of realistic virtual humans were overall perceived as more plausible compared to abstract virtual humans, an effect that increased with high immersion. Moreover, only for high immersion, realistic virtual humans were rated as more trustworthy and sympathetic than abstract virtual humans. Interestingly, we observed a potential uncanny valley effect for low but not for high immersion. We discuss the impact of a natural perception of anthropomorphic and realistic cues in VR and highlight the potential of immersive technology to elicit distinct effects in virtual humans.

  @inproceedings{mal2024vhpvr, abstract = {Virtual humans significantly contribute to users' plausible XR experiences. However, it may be not only the congruent rendering of the virtual human but also the intermediary display technology having a significant impact on virtual humans' plausibility. In a low-immersive desktop-based and a high-immersive VR condition, participants rated realistic and abstract animated virtual humans regarding plausibility, affective appraisal, and social judgments. First, our results confirmed the factor structure of a preliminary virtual human plausibility questionnaire in VR. Further, the appearance and behavior of realistic virtual humans were overall perceived as more plausible compared to abstract virtual humans, an effect that increased with high immersion. Moreover, only for high immersion, realistic virtual humans were rated as more trustworthy and sympathetic than abstract virtual humans. Interestingly, we observed a potential uncanny valley effect for low but not for high immersion. We discuss the impact of a natural perception of anthropomorphic and realistic cues in VR and highlight the potential of immersive technology to elicit distinct effects in virtual humans.}, author = {Mal, David and Wolf, Erik and Döllinger, Nina and Botsch, Mario and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {CHI 24 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts}, keywords = {dmal}, pages = {1-8}, title = {From 2D-Screens to VR: Exploring the Effect of Immersion on the Plausibility of Virtual Humans}, year = 2024 }
• An Agent-based, Interactive Simulation Model of Root Growth. Mußmann, Marc; Hofstadler, Daniel Nicolas; von Mammen, Sebastian. In ALIFE 2024: Proceedings of the 2024 Artificial Life Conference. MIT Press, 2024.
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  @inproceedings{Mussmann:2024aa, author = {Mu{\ss}mann, Marc and Hofstadler, Daniel Nicolas and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {ALIFE 2024: Proceedings of the 2024 Artificial Life Conference}, keywords = {myown}, organization = {MIT Press}, title = {An Agent-based, Interactive Simulation Model of Root Growth}, year = 2024 }
• Towards Explainable, Coordinated and Proactive Autoscaling for Microservices and Function Chains. Straesser, Martin. 2024.
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  @presentation{straesser2024towards, author = {Straesser, Martin}, keywords = {microservices}, title = {Towards Explainable, Coordinated and Proactive Autoscaling for Microservices and Function Chains}, year = 2024 }
• Analysis of Immersive Mid-Air Sketching Behavior, Sketch Quality, and User Experience in Design Ideation Tasks. Monty, Samantha; Kern, Florian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR). IEEE Computer Society, 2024.
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  Immersive 3D sketching systems empower users with tools to create sketches directly in the air around themselves, in all three dimensions, using only simple hand gestures. These sketching systems have the potential to greatly extend the interactive capabilities of immersive learning environments. The perceptual challenges of Virtual Reality (VR), however, combined with the ergonomic and cognitive challenges of creating mid-air 3D sketches reduce the effectiveness of immersive sketching used for problem-solving, reflection, and to capture fleeting ideas. We contribute to the understanding of the potential challenges of mid-air sketching systems in educational settings, where expression is valued higher than accuracy, and sketches are used to support problem-solving and to explain abstract concepts. We conducted an empirical study with 36 participants with different spatial abilities to investigate if the way that people sketch in mid-air is dependent on the goal of the sketch. We compare the technique, quality, efficiency, and experience of participants as they create 3D mid-air sketches in three different tasks. We examine how users approach mid-air sketching when the sketches they create serve to convey meaning and when sketches are merely reproductions of geometric models created by someone else. We found that in tasks aimed at expressing personal design ideas, between starting and ending strokes, participants moved their heads more and their controllers at higher velocities and created strokes in faster times than in tasks aimed at recreating 3D geometric figures. They reported feeling less time pressure to complete sketches but redacted a larger percentage of strokes. These findings serve to inform the design of creative virtual environments that support reasoning and reflection through mid-air sketching. With this work, we aim to strengthen the power of immersive systems that support midair 3D sketching by exploiting natural user behavior to assist users to more quickly and faithfully convey their meaning in sketches.

  @inproceedings{monty2024, abstract = {Immersive 3D sketching systems empower users with tools to create sketches directly in the air around themselves, in all three dimensions, using only simple hand gestures. These sketching systems have the potential to greatly extend the interactive capabilities of immersive learning environments. The perceptual challenges of Virtual Reality (VR), however, combined with the ergonomic and cognitive challenges of creating mid-air 3D sketches reduce the effectiveness of immersive sketching used for problem-solving, reflection, and to capture fleeting ideas. We contribute to the understanding of the potential challenges of mid-air sketching systems in educational settings, where expression is valued higher than accuracy, and sketches are used to support problem-solving and to explain abstract concepts. We conducted an empirical study with 36 participants with different spatial abilities to investigate if the way that people sketch in mid-air is dependent on the goal of the sketch. We compare the technique, quality, efficiency, and experience of participants as they create 3D mid-air sketches in three different tasks. We examine how users approach mid-air sketching when the sketches they create serve to convey meaning and when sketches are merely reproductions of geometric models created by someone else. We found that in tasks aimed at expressing personal design ideas, between starting and ending strokes, participants moved their heads more and their controllers at higher velocities and created strokes in faster times than in tasks aimed at recreating 3D geometric figures. They reported feeling less time pressure to complete sketches but redacted a larger percentage of strokes. These findings serve to inform the design of creative virtual environments that support reasoning and reflection through mid-air sketching. With this work, we aim to strengthen the power of immersive systems that support midair 3D sketching by exploiting natural user behavior to assist users to more quickly and faithfully convey their meaning in sketches.}, author = {Monty, Samantha and Kern, Florian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {xrhub}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, title = {Analysis of Immersive Mid-Air Sketching Behavior, Sketch Quality, and User Experience in Design Ideation Tasks}, year = 2024 }
• Iteratively Designing a Mobile App for Measuring In-Group Out-Group Bias with Preschool Children. Elsässer, Anne; Riedmann, Anna; Schneider, Patrick; Felfe, Christina; Lugrin, Birgit. In ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference (IDC ’24), pp. 119–132. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{elsaesser2024biasapp, author = {Elsässer, Anne and Riedmann, Anna and Schneider, Patrick and Felfe, Christina and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference (IDC '24)}, keywords = {sia}, pages = {119–132}, title = {Iteratively Designing a Mobile App for Measuring In-Group Out-Group Bias with Preschool Children}, year = 2024 }
• Towards the development of an automated robotic storyteller: comparing approaches for emotional story annotation for non-verbal expression via body language. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Zehe, Albin; Schnetter, Peggy; Hotho, Andreas; Lugrin, Birgit. In Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces, pp. 1–23. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{steinhaeusser2024annotations, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Zehe, Albin and Schnetter, Peggy and Hotho, Andreas and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = {1-23}, title = {Towards the development of an automated robotic storyteller: comparing approaches for emotional story annotation for non-verbal expression via body language}, year = 2024 }
• Investigating Social Robots in Medical Offices - A Field Study. Donnermann, Melissa; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lein, Martina; Binder, Uli; Lugrin, Birgit. In 20th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO 2024). IEEE, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{donnermann2024investigating, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lein, Martina and Binder, Uli and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {20th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO 2024)}, keywords = {lein}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Investigating Social Robots in Medical Offices - A Field Study}, year = 2024 }
• Novel On-Board Data Processing Strategies on Nanosatellite SONATE-2. Andreas, Maurer; Oleksii, Balagurin; Tobias, Greiner; Tobias, Herbst; Tobias, Kaiser; Hakan, Kayal; Tobias, Schwarz. In Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S). Palma de Mallorca, Spain, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Reliable on-board data handling is the backbone of every successful satellite mission. New scientific experiments can only be validated, and results obtained, if the recorded scientific data reaches the ground completely and correctly. For this, several special techniques were applied during the implementation of the SONATE-2 mission. Generic communication protocols were defined between all payloads, subsystems, and the On-board data handling (OBDH) of SONATE-2 to reduce the overall complexity of the data management system. With the help of these protocols, the development effort could be reduced, and the data transfers simplified. In addition, this allowed the communication interfaces to be simulated and quickly tested during development with a desktop computer using an OBDH-Simulator.

  @conference{maurerandreas2024novel, abstract = {Reliable on-board data handling is the backbone of every successful satellite mission. New scientific experiments can only be validated, and results obtained, if the recorded scientific data reaches the ground completely and correctly. For this, several special techniques were applied during the implementation of the SONATE-2 mission. Generic communication protocols were defined between all payloads, subsystems, and the On-board data handling (OBDH) of SONATE-2 to reduce the overall complexity of the data management system. With the help of these protocols, the development effort could be reduced, and the data transfers simplified. In addition, this allowed the communication interfaces to be simulated and quickly tested during development with a desktop computer using an OBDH-Simulator.}, address = {Palma de Mallorca, Spain}, author = {Andreas, Maurer and Oleksii, Balagurin and Tobias, Greiner and Tobias, Herbst and Tobias, Kaiser and Hakan, Kayal and Tobias, Schwarz}, booktitle = {Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S)}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Novel On-Board Data Processing Strategies on Nanosatellite SONATE-2}, year = 2024 }
• Object Motion Manipulation and time perception in virtual reality. Landeck, Maximilian; Unruh, Fabian; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 5. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper presents a novel approach to altering how time is perceived in Virtual Reality (VR). It involves manipulating the speed and pattern of motion in objects associated with timekeeping, both directly (such as clocks) and indirectly (like pendulums). Objects influencing our perception of time are called ‘zeitgebers‘; for instance, observing a clock or pendulum tends to affect how we perceive the passage of time. The speed of motion of their internal parts (clock hands or pendulum rings) is explicitly or implicitly related to the perception of time. However, the perceptual effects of accelerating or decelerating the speed of a virtual clock or pendulum in VR is still an open question. We hypothesize that the acceleration of their internal motion will accelerate the passage of time and that the irregularity of the orbit pendulum’s motion will amplify this effect. We anticipate that the irregular movements of the pendulum will lower boredom and heighten attention, thereby making time seem to pass more quickly. Therefore, we conducted an experiment with 32 participants, exposing them to two types of virtual zeitgebers exhibiting both regular and irregular motions. These were a virtual clock and an orbit pendulum, each operating at slow, normal, and fast speeds. Our results revealed that time passed by faster when participants observed virtual zeitgebers in the fast speed condition than in the slow speed condition. The orbit pendulum significantly accelerated the perceived passage of time compared to the clock. We believe that the irregular motion requires a higher degree of attention, which is confirmed by the significantly longer gaze fixations of the participants. These findings are crucial for time perception manipulation in VR, offering potential for innovative treatments for conditions like depression and improving wellbeing. Yet, further clinical research is needed to confirm these applications.

  @article{10.3389/frvir.2024.1390703, abstract = {This paper presents a novel approach to altering how time is perceived in Virtual Reality (VR). It involves manipulating the speed and pattern of motion in objects associated with timekeeping, both directly (such as clocks) and indirectly (like pendulums). Objects influencing our perception of time are called ‘zeitgebers‘; for instance, observing a clock or pendulum tends to affect how we perceive the passage of time. The speed of motion of their internal parts (clock hands or pendulum rings) is explicitly or implicitly related to the perception of time. However, the perceptual effects of accelerating or decelerating the speed of a virtual clock or pendulum in VR is still an open question. We hypothesize that the acceleration of their internal motion will accelerate the passage of time and that the irregularity of the orbit pendulum’s motion will amplify this effect. We anticipate that the irregular movements of the pendulum will lower boredom and heighten attention, thereby making time seem to pass more quickly. Therefore, we conducted an experiment with 32 participants, exposing them to two types of virtual zeitgebers exhibiting both regular and irregular motions. These were a virtual clock and an orbit pendulum, each operating at slow, normal, and fast speeds. Our results revealed that time passed by faster when participants observed virtual zeitgebers in the fast speed condition than in the slow speed condition. The orbit pendulum significantly accelerated the perceived passage of time compared to the clock. We believe that the irregular motion requires a higher degree of attention, which is confirmed by the significantly longer gaze fixations of the participants. These findings are crucial for time perception manipulation in VR, offering potential for innovative treatments for conditions like depression and improving wellbeing. Yet, further clinical research is needed to confirm these applications.}, author = {Landeck, Maximilian and Unruh, Fabian and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, title = {Object Motion Manipulation and time perception in virtual reality}, volume = 5, year = 2024 }
• Towards an Empirical Study on Transient Phases of Microservice Applications. Rohwer, Ivo; Straesser, Martin; Lubas, Yannik. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @presentation{rohwer2024transient, author = {Rohwer, Ivo and Straesser, Martin and Lubas, Yannik}, keywords = {microservice}, title = {Towards an Empirical Study on Transient Phases of Microservice Applications}, year = 2024 }
• Adjacency Graphs of Polyhedral Surfaces. Arseneva, Elena; Kleist, Linda; Klemz, Boris; Löffler, Maarten; Schulz, André; Vogtenhuber, Birgit; Wolff, Alexander. In Discrete \& Computational Geometry, 71, pp. 1429–1455. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  We study whether a given graph can be realized as an adjacency graph of the polygonal cells of a polyhedral surface in~$\mathbb{R}^3$. We show that every graph is realizable as a polyhedral surface with arbitrary polygonal cells, and that this is not true if we require the cells to be convex. In particular, if the given graph contains $K_5$, $K_{5,81}$, or any nonplanar $3$-tree as a subgraph, no such realization exists. On the other hand, all planar graphs, $K_{4,4}$, and $K_{3,5}$ can be realized with convex cells. The same holds for any subdivision of any graph where each edge is subdivided at least once, and, by a result from McMullen et al.~(1983), for any hypercube. \par Our results have implications on the maximum density of graphs describing polyhedral surfaces with convex cells: The realizability of hypercubes shows that the maximum number of edges over all realizable $n$-vertex graphs is in $\Omega(n \log n)$. From the non-realizability of $K_{5,81}$, we obtain that any realizable $n$-vertex graph has $\bigO(n^{9/5})$ edges. As such, these graphs can be considerably denser than planar graphs, but not arbitrarily dense.

  @article{akklsvw-dgps-DCG24, abstract = {We study whether a given graph can be realized as an adjacency graph of the polygonal cells of a polyhedral surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We show that every graph is realizable as a polyhedral surface with arbitrary polygonal cells, and that this is not true if we require the cells to be convex. In particular, if the given graph contains $K_5$, $K_{5,81}$, or any nonplanar $3$-tree as a subgraph, no such realization exists. On the other hand, all planar graphs, $K_{4,4}$, and $K_{3,5}$ can be realized with convex cells. The same holds for any subdivision of any graph where each edge is subdivided at least once, and, by a result from McMullen et al. (1983), for any hypercube. \par Our results have implications on the maximum density of graphs describing polyhedral surfaces with convex cells: The realizability of hypercubes shows that the maximum number of edges over all realizable $n$-vertex graphs is in $\Omega(n \log n)$. From the non-realizability of $K_{5,81}$, we obtain that any realizable $n$-vertex graph has $\bigO(n^{9/5})$ edges. As such, these graphs can be considerably denser than planar graphs, but not arbitrarily dense.}, author = {Arseneva, Elena and Kleist, Linda and Klemz, Boris and Löffler, Maarten and Schulz, André and Vogtenhuber, Birgit and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Discrete \& Computational Geometry}, keywords = {realizability}, pages = {1429–1455}, title = {Adjacency Graphs of Polyhedral Surfaces}, volume = 71, year = 2024 }
• Low-Cost Energy Measurement and Multi-Port Traffic Generation for Network Devices. Mehling, Noah; Loh, Frank; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on 6G Networks (WueWoWAS’24). Universität Würzburg, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{https://doi.org/10.25972/opus-38898, author = {Mehling, Noah and Loh, Frank and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on 6G Networks (WueWoWAS’24)}, keywords = {greenfield}, publisher = {Universität Würzburg}, title = {Low-Cost Energy Measurement and Multi-Port Traffic Generation for Network Devices}, year = 2024 }
• From Avatars to Agents: Self-Related Cues through Embodiment and Personalization Affect Body Perception in Virtual Reality. Fiedler, Marie Luisa; Wolf, Erik; Döllinger, Nina; Mal, David; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, pp. 1–11. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Our work investigates the influence of self-related cues in the design of virtual humans on body perception in virtual reality. In a 2x2 mixed design, 64 participants faced photorealistic virtual humans either as a motion-synchronized embodied avatar or as an autonomous moving agent, appearing subsequently with a personalized and generic texture. Our results unveil that self-related cues through embodiment and personalization yield an individual and complemented increase in participants' sense of embodiment and self-identification towards the virtual human. Different body weight modification and estimation tasks further showed an impact of both factors on participants' body weight perception. Additional analyses revealed that the participant's body mass index predicted body weight estimations in all conditions and that participants' self-esteem and body shape concerns correlated with different body weight perception results. Hence, we have demonstrated the occurrence of double standards through induced self-related cues in virtual human perception, especially through embodiment.

  @article{fiedler2024selfcues, abstract = {Our work investigates the influence of self-related cues in the design of virtual humans on body perception in virtual reality. In a 2x2 mixed design, 64 participants faced photorealistic virtual humans either as a motion-synchronized embodied avatar or as an autonomous moving agent, appearing subsequently with a personalized and generic texture. Our results unveil that self-related cues through embodiment and personalization yield an individual and complemented increase in participants' sense of embodiment and self-identification towards the virtual human. Different body weight modification and estimation tasks further showed an impact of both factors on participants' body weight perception. Additional analyses revealed that the participant's body mass index predicted body weight estimations in all conditions and that participants' self-esteem and body shape concerns correlated with different body weight perception results. Hence, we have demonstrated the occurrence of double standards through induced self-related cues in virtual human perception, especially through embodiment.}, author = {Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Wolf, Erik and Döllinger, Nina and Mal, David and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {mfiedler}, pages = {1-11}, title = {From Avatars to Agents: Self-Related Cues through Embodiment and Personalization Affect Body Perception in Virtual Reality}, year = 2024 }
• PIMSys: A Virtual Prototype for Processing in Memory. Christ, Derek; Steiner, Lukas; Jung, Matthias; Wehn, Norbert. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Memory Systems, of MEMSYS ’24, pp. 26–33. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Data-driven applications are increasingly central to our information technology society, propelled by AI techniques reshaping various sectors of our economy. Despite their transformative potential, these applications demand immense data processing, leading to significant energy consumption primarily in communication and data storage rather than computation. The concept of processing-in-memory (PIM) offers a solution by processing data within memory, reducing energy overheads associated with data transfer. PIM has been an enduring idea, with recent advancements in DRAM test chips integrating PIM functionality, indicating potential market adoption.This paper introduces a virtual prototype of Samsung’s PIM-HBM architecture, leveraging open-source tools like gem5 and DRAMSys, along with a custom Rust software library facilitating easy utilization of PIM functionality. Key contributions include the first gem5 based full-system simulation of PIM-HBM, experimental validation of the virtual platform with benchmarks, and the development of a Rust library enabling PIM functionality at the software level. Our benchmarks evaluated speedup for PIM in the range of 6.0 \texttimes{}  to  17.5 \texttimes{} compared to a respective non-PIM system for different memory-bound workloads.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3695794.3695797, abstract = {Data-driven applications are increasingly central to our information technology society, propelled by AI techniques reshaping various sectors of our economy. Despite their transformative potential, these applications demand immense data processing, leading to significant energy consumption primarily in communication and data storage rather than computation. The concept of processing-in-memory (PIM) offers a solution by processing data within memory, reducing energy overheads associated with data transfer. PIM has been an enduring idea, with recent advancements in DRAM test chips integrating PIM functionality, indicating potential market adoption.This paper introduces a virtual prototype of Samsung’s PIM-HBM architecture, leveraging open-source tools like gem5 and DRAMSys, along with a custom Rust software library facilitating easy utilization of PIM functionality. Key contributions include the first gem5 based full-system simulation of PIM-HBM, experimental validation of the virtual platform with benchmarks, and the development of a Rust library enabling PIM functionality at the software level. Our benchmarks evaluated speedup for PIM in the range of 6.0 \texttimes{}  to  17.5 \texttimes{} compared to a respective non-PIM system for different memory-bound workloads.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Christ, Derek and Steiner, Lukas and Jung, Matthias and Wehn, Norbert}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Symposium on Memory Systems}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {26–33}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {MEMSYS '24}, title = {PIMSys: A Virtual Prototype for Processing in Memory}, year = 2024 }
• Automatic Cybersickness Detection by Deep Learning of Augmented Physiological Data from Off-the-Shelf Consumer-Grade Sensors. Yalcin, Murat; Halbig, Andreas; Fischbach, Martin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 5. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  <p>Cybersickness is still a prominent risk factor potentially affecting the usability of virtual reality applications. Automated real-time detection of cybersickness promises to support a better general understanding of the phenomena and to avoid and counteract its occurrence. It could be used to facilitate application optimization, that is, to systematically link potential causes (technical development and conceptual design decisions) to cybersickness in closed-loop user-centered development cycles. In addition, it could be used to monitor, warn, and hence safeguard users against any onset of cybersickness during a virtual reality exposure, especially in healthcare applications. This article presents a novel real-time-capable cybersickness detection method by deep learning of augmented physiological data. In contrast to related preliminary work, we are exploring a unique combination of mid-immersion ground truth elicitation, an unobtrusive wireless setup, and moderate training performance requirements. We developed a proof-of-concept prototype to compare (combinations of) convolutional neural networks, long short-term memory, and support vector machines with respect to detection performance. We demonstrate that the use of a conditional generative adversarial network-based data augmentation technique increases detection performance significantly and showcase the feasibility of real-time cybersickness detection in a genuine application example. Finally, a comprehensive performance analysis demonstrates that a four-layered bidirectional long short-term memory network with the developed data augmentation delivers superior performance (91.1% F1-score) for real-time cybersickness detection. To encourage replicability and reuse in future cybersickness studies, we released the code and the dataset as publicly available.</p>

  @article{10.3389/frvir.2024.1364207, abstract = {<p>Cybersickness is still a prominent risk factor potentially affecting the usability of virtual reality applications. Automated real-time detection of cybersickness promises to support a better general understanding of the phenomena and to avoid and counteract its occurrence. It could be used to facilitate application optimization, that is, to systematically link potential causes (technical development and conceptual design decisions) to cybersickness in closed-loop user-centered development cycles. In addition, it could be used to monitor, warn, and hence safeguard users against any onset of cybersickness during a virtual reality exposure, especially in healthcare applications. This article presents a novel real-time-capable cybersickness detection method by deep learning of augmented physiological data. In contrast to related preliminary work, we are exploring a unique combination of mid-immersion ground truth elicitation, an unobtrusive wireless setup, and moderate training performance requirements. We developed a proof-of-concept prototype to compare (combinations of) convolutional neural networks, long short-term memory, and support vector machines with respect to detection performance. We demonstrate that the use of a conditional generative adversarial network-based data augmentation technique increases detection performance significantly and showcase the feasibility of real-time cybersickness detection in a genuine application example. Finally, a comprehensive performance analysis demonstrates that a four-layered bidirectional long short-term memory network with the developed data augmentation delivers superior performance (91.1% F1-score) for real-time cybersickness detection. To encourage replicability and reuse in future cybersickness studies, we released the code and the dataset as publicly available.</p>}, author = {Yalcin, Murat and Halbig, Andreas and Fischbach, Martin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {myalcin}, title = {Automatic Cybersickness Detection by Deep Learning of Augmented Physiological Data from Off-the-Shelf Consumer-Grade Sensors}, volume = 5, year = 2024 }
• Promoting Eco-Friendly Behavior through Virtual Reality - Implementation and Evaluation of Immersive Feedback Conditions of a Virtual CO2 Calculator. Wienrich, Carolin; Vogt, Stephanie; Döllinger, Nina; Obremski, David. In 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges in the 21st century. Urgent actions favoring the environment's well-being are essential to mitigate its potentially irreversible consequences. However, the delayed and often distant nature of the effects of sustainable behavior makes it challenging for individuals to connect with the issue personally. Immersive media are an opportunity to introduce innovative feedback mechanisms to highlight the urgency of behavior effects. We introduce a VR carbon calculator that visualizes users' annual carbon footprint as CO2-filled balloons over multiple periods. In a 2x2 design, participants calculated and visualized their carbon footprint numerically or as balloons over one or three years. We found no effect of our visualization but a significant impact of the visualized period on participants' environmental self-efficacy. These findings emphasize the importance of target-oriented design in VR behavior interventions.

  @inproceedings{wienrich2024promoting, abstract = {Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges in the 21st century. Urgent actions favoring the environment's well-being are essential to mitigate its potentially irreversible consequences. However, the delayed and often distant nature of the effects of sustainable behavior makes it challenging for individuals to connect with the issue personally. Immersive media are an opportunity to introduce innovative feedback mechanisms to highlight the urgency of behavior effects. We introduce a VR carbon calculator that visualizes users' annual carbon footprint as CO2-filled balloons over multiple periods. In a 2x2 design, participants calculated and visualized their carbon footprint numerically or as balloons over one or three years. We found no effect of our visualization but a significant impact of the visualized period on participants' environmental self-efficacy. These findings emphasize the importance of target-oriented design in VR behavior interventions.}, author = {Wienrich, Carolin and Vogt, Stephanie and Döllinger, Nina and Obremski, David}, booktitle = {2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, title = {Promoting Eco-Friendly Behavior through Virtual Reality - Implementation and Evaluation of Immersive Feedback Conditions of a Virtual CO2 Calculator}, year = 2024 }
• What a Laugh! Effects of Voice and Laughter on a Social Robot’s Humorous Appeal and Recipients’ Transportation and Emotions in Humorous Robotic Storytelling. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C; Knauer, Lara; Lugrin, Birgit. In 2024 33rd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2024), pp. 2131–2138. IEEE, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2024laugh, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C and Knauer, Lara and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2024 33rd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2024)}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = {2131-2138}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {What a Laugh! Effects of Voice and Laughter on a Social Robot’s Humorous Appeal and Recipients’ Transportation and Emotions in Humorous Robotic Storytelling}, year = 2024 }
• Storylines with a Protagonist. Hegemann, Tim; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing & Network Vis. (GD’24), Vol. 320 of LIPIcs, pp. 26:1–22. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{https://doi.org/10.4230/lipics.gd.2024.26, author = {Hegemann, Tim and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing & Network Vis. (GD'24)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {26:1–22}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Storylines with a Protagonist}, volume = 320, year = 2024 }
• Graph Harvester (Software Abstract). Deynet, Julius; Hegemann, Tim; Kempf, Sebastian; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing & Network Vis. (GD’24), Vol. 320 of LIPIcs, pp. 58:1–58:3. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{https://doi.org/10.4230/lipics.gd.2024.58, author = {Deynet, Julius and Hegemann, Tim and Kempf, Sebastian and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 32nd Int. Symp. Graph Drawing & Network Vis. (GD'24)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {58:1–58:3}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Graph Harvester (Software Abstract)}, volume = 320, year = 2024 }
• Modeling and Analyzing the Influence of Non-Item Pages on Sequential Next-Item Prediction. Fischer, Elisabeth; Schl{{ö}}r, Daniel; Zehe, Albin; Hotho, Andreas. In CoRR, abs/2408.15953. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{fischer2024modeling, author = {Fischer, Elisabeth and Schl{\"{o}}r, Daniel and Zehe, Albin and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2024, title = {Modeling and Analyzing the Influence of Non-Item Pages on Sequential Next-Item Prediction}, volume = {abs/2408.15953}, year = 2024 }
• Towards the development of an automated robotic storyteller: comparing approaches for emotional story annotation for non-verbal expression via body language. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Zehe, Albin; Schnetter, Peggy; Hotho, Andreas; Lugrin, Birgit. In J. Multimodal User Interfaces, 18(4), pp. 1–23. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{steinhaeusser2024towards, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Zehe, Albin and Schnetter, Peggy and Hotho, Andreas and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {J. Multimodal User Interfaces}, keywords = 2024, number = 4, pages = {1–23}, title = {Towards the development of an automated robotic storyteller: comparing approaches for emotional story annotation for non-verbal expression via body language}, volume = 18, year = 2024 }
• ModeConv: {A} Novel Convolution for Distinguishing Anomalous and Normal Structural Behavior. Schaller, Melanie; Schl{{ö}}r, Daniel; Hotho, Andreas. In CoRR, abs/2407.00140. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{schaller2024modeconv, author = {Schaller, Melanie and Schl{\"{o}}r, Daniel and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2024, title = {ModeConv: {A} Novel Convolution for Distinguishing Anomalous and Normal Structural Behavior}, volume = {abs/2407.00140}, year = 2024 }
• Systematic Evaluation of Synthetic Data Augmentation for Multi-class NetFlow Traffic. Wolf, Maximilian; Landes, Dieter; Hotho, Andreas; Schl{{ö}}r, Daniel. In CoRR, abs/2408.16034. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{wolf2024systematic, author = {Wolf, Maximilian and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas and Schl{\"{o}}r, Daniel}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2024, title = {Systematic Evaluation of Synthetic Data Augmentation for Multi-class NetFlow Traffic}, volume = {abs/2408.16034}, year = 2024 }
• Verantwortungsvolle Empfehlungssysteme f{ü}r die medizinische Diagnostik. Schl{ö}r, Daniel; Hotho, Andreas. In Edition Moderne Postmoderne, p. 101. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{schlorverantwortungsvolle, author = {Schl{\"o}r, Daniel and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Edition Moderne Postmoderne}, keywords = 2024, pages = 101, title = {Verantwortungsvolle Empfehlungssysteme f{\"u}r die medizinische Diagnostik}, year = 2024 }
• QCEDA: Using Quantum Computers for EDA. Jung, Matthias; Krumke, Sven O.; Schroth, Christof; Lobe, Elisabeth; Mauerer, Wolfgang. In International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems Architectures Modeling and Simulation (SAMOS). Springer, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{jung2024qceda, author = {Jung, Matthias and Krumke, Sven O. and Schroth, Christof and Lobe, Elisabeth and Mauerer, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems Architectures Modeling and Simulation (SAMOS)}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {QCEDA: Using Quantum Computers for EDA}, year = 2024 }
• Beyond-local neural information processing in neuronal networks. Balkenhol, Johannes; Händel, Barbara; Biswas, Sounak; Grohmann, Johannes; v. Kistowski, Jóakim; Prada, Juan; Bosman, Conrado A.; Ehrenreich, Hannelore; Wojcik, Sonja M.; Kounev, Samuel; Blum, Robert; Dandekar, Thomas. In Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  While there is much knowledge about local neuronal circuitry, considerably less is known about how neuronal input is integrated and combined across neuronal networks to encode higher order brain functions. One challenge lies in the large number of complex neural interactions. Neural networks use oscillating activity for information exchange between distributed nodes. To better understand building principles underlying the observation of synchronized oscillatory activity in a large-scale network, we developed a reductionistic neuronal network model. Fundamental building principles are laterally and temporally interconnected virtual nodes (microcircuits), wherein each node was modeled as a local oscillator. By this building principle, the neuronal network model can integrate information in time and space. The simulation gives rise to a wave interference pattern that spreads over all simulated columns in form of a travelling wave. The model design stabilizes states of efficient information processing across all participating neuronal equivalents. Model-specific oscillatory patterns, generated by complex input stimuli, were similar to electrophysiological high-frequency signals that we could confirm in the primate visual cortex during a visual perception task. Important oscillatory model pre-runners, limitations and strength of our reductionistic model are discussed. Our simple scalable model shows unique integration properties and successfully reproduces a variety of biological phenomena such as harmonics, coherence patterns, frequency-speed relationships, and oscillatory activities. We suggest that our scalable model simulates aspects of a basic building principle underlying oscillatory, large-scale integration of information in small and large brains.

  @article{BALKENHOL2024, abstract = {While there is much knowledge about local neuronal circuitry, considerably less is known about how neuronal input is integrated and combined across neuronal networks to encode higher order brain functions. One challenge lies in the large number of complex neural interactions. Neural networks use oscillating activity for information exchange between distributed nodes. To better understand building principles underlying the observation of synchronized oscillatory activity in a large-scale network, we developed a reductionistic neuronal network model. Fundamental building principles are laterally and temporally interconnected virtual nodes (microcircuits), wherein each node was modeled as a local oscillator. By this building principle, the neuronal network model can integrate information in time and space. The simulation gives rise to a wave interference pattern that spreads over all simulated columns in form of a travelling wave. The model design stabilizes states of efficient information processing across all participating neuronal equivalents. Model-specific oscillatory patterns, generated by complex input stimuli, were similar to electrophysiological high-frequency signals that we could confirm in the primate visual cortex during a visual perception task. Important oscillatory model pre-runners, limitations and strength of our reductionistic model are discussed. Our simple scalable model shows unique integration properties and successfully reproduces a variety of biological phenomena such as harmonics, coherence patterns, frequency-speed relationships, and oscillatory activities. We suggest that our scalable model simulates aspects of a basic building principle underlying oscillatory, large-scale integration of information in small and large brains.}, author = {Balkenhol, Johannes and Händel, Barbara and Biswas, Sounak and Grohmann, Johannes and v. Kistowski, Jóakim and Prada, Juan and Bosman, Conrado A. and Ehrenreich, Hannelore and Wojcik, Sonja M. and Kounev, Samuel and Blum, Robert and Dandekar, Thomas}, journal = {Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, title = {Beyond-local neural information processing in neuronal networks}, year = 2024 }
• The New Costs of Physical Memory Fragmentation. Halbuer, Alexander; Ostapyshyn, Illia; Steiner, Lukas; Wrenger, Lars; Jung, Matthias; Dietrich, Christian; Lohmann, Daniel. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Disruptive Memory Systems, of DIMES ’24, pp. 33–40. Association for Computing Machinery, Austin, TX, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  External fragmentation is becoming a serious problem again after paging temporarily solved it with its one-size-fits-all 4 KiB approach. The increasing adoption of mixed base, huge, and giant page sizes, DRAM energy-saving techniques, and memory disaggregation, necessitates a memory management system capable of handling larger entities in the range of multiple megabytes up to several gigabytes.A case study in Linux reveals that the operating system reasonably minimizes fragmentation up to huge page size, but falls short when it comes to larger granularities. Therefore, it requires much effort to entirely free a memory block for powering down or returning it to the memory provider; in some cases, this may be entirely impossible due to immovable kernel memory.Additionally, our analysis highlights that the page cache is responsible for a large share of memory usage, as it keeps all cached pages until memory pressure rises. This behavior originates from the outdated assumption that utilizing memory comes at no cost and, therefore, requires further investigation.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3698783.3699378, abstract = {External fragmentation is becoming a serious problem again after paging temporarily solved it with its one-size-fits-all 4 KiB approach. The increasing adoption of mixed base, huge, and giant page sizes, DRAM energy-saving techniques, and memory disaggregation, necessitates a memory management system capable of handling larger entities in the range of multiple megabytes up to several gigabytes.A case study in Linux reveals that the operating system reasonably minimizes fragmentation up to huge page size, but falls short when it comes to larger granularities. Therefore, it requires much effort to entirely free a memory block for powering down or returning it to the memory provider; in some cases, this may be entirely impossible due to immovable kernel memory.Additionally, our analysis highlights that the page cache is responsible for a large share of memory usage, as it keeps all cached pages until memory pressure rises. This behavior originates from the outdated assumption that utilizing memory comes at no cost and, therefore, requires further investigation.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Halbuer, Alexander and Ostapyshyn, Illia and Steiner, Lukas and Wrenger, Lars and Jung, Matthias and Dietrich, Christian and Lohmann, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Disruptive Memory Systems}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {33–40}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {DIMES '24}, title = {The New Costs of Physical Memory Fragmentation}, year = 2024 }
• IMU Airtime Detection in Snowboard Halfpipe: U-Net Deep Learning Approach Outperforms Traditional Threshold Algorithms. Gorges, Tom; Davidson, Padraig; Boeschen, Myriam; Hotho, Andreas; Merz, Christian. In Sensors, 24(21). 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Airtime is crucial for high-rotation tricks in snowboard halfpipe performance, significantly impacting trick difficulty, the primary judging criterion. This study aims to enhance the detection of take-off and landing events using inertial measurement unit (IMU) data in conjunction with machine learning algorithms since manual video-based methods are too time-consuming. Eight elite German National Team snowboarders performed 626 halfpipe tricks, recorded by two IMUs at the lateral lower legs and a video camera. The IMU data, synchronized with video, were labeled manually and segmented for analysis. Utilizing a 1D U-Net convolutional neural network (CNN), we achieved superior performance in all of our experiments, establishing new benchmarks for this binary segmentation task. In our extensive experiments, we achieved an 80.34% lower mean Hausdorff distance for unseen runs compared with the threshold approach when placed solely on the left lower leg. Using both left and right IMUs further improved performance (83.37% lower mean Hausdorff). For data from an algorithm-unknown athlete (Zero-Shot segmentation), the U-Net outperformed the threshold algorithm by 67.58%, and fine-tuning on athlete-specific (Few-Shot segmentation) runs improved the lower mean Hausdorff to 78.68%. The fine-tuned model detected takeoffs with median deviations of 0.008 s (IQR 0.030 s), landing deviations of 0.005 s (IQR 0.020 s), and airtime deviations of 0.000 s (IQR 0.027 s). These advancements facilitate real-time feedback and detailed biomechanical analysis, enhancing performance and trick execution, particularly during critical events, such as take-off and landing, where precise time-domain localization is crucial for providing accurate feedback to coaches and athletes.

  @article{s24216773, abstract = {Airtime is crucial for high-rotation tricks in snowboard halfpipe performance, significantly impacting trick difficulty, the primary judging criterion. This study aims to enhance the detection of take-off and landing events using inertial measurement unit (IMU) data in conjunction with machine learning algorithms since manual video-based methods are too time-consuming. Eight elite German National Team snowboarders performed 626 halfpipe tricks, recorded by two IMUs at the lateral lower legs and a video camera. The IMU data, synchronized with video, were labeled manually and segmented for analysis. Utilizing a 1D U-Net convolutional neural network (CNN), we achieved superior performance in all of our experiments, establishing new benchmarks for this binary segmentation task. In our extensive experiments, we achieved an 80.34% lower mean Hausdorff distance for unseen runs compared with the threshold approach when placed solely on the left lower leg. Using both left and right IMUs further improved performance (83.37% lower mean Hausdorff). For data from an algorithm-unknown athlete (Zero-Shot segmentation), the U-Net outperformed the threshold algorithm by 67.58%, and fine-tuning on athlete-specific (Few-Shot segmentation) runs improved the lower mean Hausdorff to 78.68%. The fine-tuned model detected takeoffs with median deviations of 0.008 s (IQR 0.030 s), landing deviations of 0.005 s (IQR 0.020 s), and airtime deviations of 0.000 s (IQR 0.027 s). These advancements facilitate real-time feedback and detailed biomechanical analysis, enhancing performance and trick execution, particularly during critical events, such as take-off and landing, where precise time-domain localization is crucial for providing accurate feedback to coaches and athletes.}, author = {Gorges, Tom and Davidson, Padraig and Boeschen, Myriam and Hotho, Andreas and Merz, Christian}, journal = {Sensors}, keywords = 2024, number = 21, title = {IMU Airtime Detection in Snowboard Halfpipe: U-Net Deep Learning Approach Outperforms Traditional Threshold Algorithms}, volume = 24, year = 2024 }
• An Empirical Investigation of Container Building Strategies and Warm Times to Reduce Cold Starts in Scientific Computing Serverless Functions. Bauer, André; Gonthier, Maxime; Chard, Ryan; Pan, Haochen; Grzenda, Daniel; Straesser, Martin; Pauloski, J. Gregory; Kamatar, Alok; Baughman, Matthew E.; Hudson, Nathaniel; Foster, Ian; Chard, Kyle. In 2024 IEEE 20th International Conference on e-Science (e-Science). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{bauer2024coldstarts, author = {Bauer, André and Gonthier, Maxime and Chard, Ryan and Pan, Haochen and Grzenda, Daniel and Straesser, Martin and Pauloski, J. Gregory and Kamatar, Alok and Baughman, Matthew E. and Hudson, Nathaniel and Foster, Ian and Chard, Kyle}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE 20th International Conference on e-Science (e-Science)}, keywords = {Scientific_Computing}, title = {An Empirical Investigation of Container Building Strategies and Warm Times to Reduce Cold Starts in Scientific Computing Serverless Functions}, year = 2024 }
• Covariance Based Terrain Mapping for Autonomous Mobile Robots. Werner, L.; Proenca, P.; N{ü}chter, A; Brockers, R. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference Robotics and Automation (ICRA ’24). Yokohama, Japan, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  In this paper, we present a local, robot-centric navigation map optimized for autonomous mobile robots op- erating in unknown environments, enhancing their onboard perception systems for collision-free operation with far look- ahead distances. Utilizing a novel converging covariance cell representation, our approach effectively analyzes hazards such as obstacles and hazardous slopes in both terrestrial and aerial navigation contexts. The new technique specifically targets mapping from stereo scenarios with ultra short baseline and highly oblique viewpoints close to the ground. Our methodology surpasses traditional window-based haz- ard analysis by resolving sub-cell size obstacles and terrain gradients at the individual cell level, thereby avoiding the computational overhead typically associated with such analyses. It leverages a multi-resolution strategy adaptive to the range errors common in stereo vision systems, making it particularly suitable for embedded systems with computational limitations. Functionality includes constant-time queries for height, ob- stacle presence, and slope details, boasting improvements in run time, memory usage, precision, and resolvable obstacle size compared to existing grid-based mapping algorithms. We validate our approach through rigorous simulation and real- world testing. This technique will be used for the local mapping and collision avoidance on NASA’s CADRE lunar rovers.

  @inproceedings{werner2024covariance, abstract = {In this paper, we present a local, robot-centric navigation map optimized for autonomous mobile robots op- erating in unknown environments, enhancing their onboard perception systems for collision-free operation with far look- ahead distances. Utilizing a novel converging covariance cell representation, our approach effectively analyzes hazards such as obstacles and hazardous slopes in both terrestrial and aerial navigation contexts. The new technique specifically targets mapping from stereo scenarios with ultra short baseline and highly oblique viewpoints close to the ground. Our methodology surpasses traditional window-based haz- ard analysis by resolving sub-cell size obstacles and terrain gradients at the individual cell level, thereby avoiding the computational overhead typically associated with such analyses. It leverages a multi-resolution strategy adaptive to the range errors common in stereo vision systems, making it particularly suitable for embedded systems with computational limitations. Functionality includes constant-time queries for height, ob- stacle presence, and slope details, boasting improvements in run time, memory usage, precision, and resolvable obstacle size compared to existing grid-based mapping algorithms. We validate our approach through rigorous simulation and real- world testing. This technique will be used for the local mapping and collision avoidance on NASA’s CADRE lunar rovers.}, address = {Yokohama, Japan}, author = {Werner, L. and Proenca, P. and N{\"u}chter, A and Brockers, R.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference Robotics and Automation (ICRA '24)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {05}, title = {Covariance Based Terrain Mapping for Autonomous Mobile Robots}, year = 2024 }
• (Not) The Sum of Its Parts: Relating Individual Video and Browsing Stimuli to Web Session QoE. Schleicher, Johannes; Wehner, Nikolas; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In 16th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). Karlshamn, Sweden, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-3, address = {Karlshamn, Sweden}, author = {Schleicher, Johannes and Wehner, Nikolas and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {16th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {(Not) The Sum of Its Parts: Relating Individual Video and Browsing Stimuli to Web Session QoE}, year = 2024 }
• Studying Slot Assignment for Multi-Gateway Time Scheduled Channel Access in LoRaWan. Mehling, Noah; Loh, Frank; Raffeck, Simon; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2024 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking). Thessaloniki, Greece, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-6_2, address = {Thessaloniki, Greece}, author = {Mehling, Noah and Loh, Frank and Raffeck, Simon and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2024 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {Studying Slot Assignment for Multi-Gateway Time Scheduled Channel Access in LoRaWan}, year = 2024 }
• Sitting, Chatting, Waiting: Influence of Loading Times on Mobile Instant Messaging QoE. Seufert, Anika; Baur, Carina; Poignée, Fabian; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 16th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). Karlshamn, Sweden, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  This paper explores the relationship between loading times and Quality of Experience (QoE) in Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) applications. Using a web application that mimics MIM interfaces, we conducted a QoE study in which participants engaged with a virtual chat partner. We controlled image loading times during chatting and evaluated their impact on QoE, annoyance, and acceptance ratings. Although the results show no difference in the QoE ratings, they clearly show that longer delays lead to greater annoyance and lower user acceptance. These findings underscore the importance for MIM app providers to minimize loading times in order to increase user satisfaction and retention.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-5, abstract = {This paper explores the relationship between loading times and Quality of Experience (QoE) in Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) applications. Using a web application that mimics MIM interfaces, we conducted a QoE study in which participants engaged with a virtual chat partner. We controlled image loading times during chatting and evaluated their impact on QoE, annoyance, and acceptance ratings. Although the results show no difference in the QoE ratings, they clearly show that longer delays lead to greater annoyance and lower user acceptance. These findings underscore the importance for MIM app providers to minimize loading times in order to increase user satisfaction and retention.}, address = {Karlshamn, Sweden}, author = {Seufert, Anika and Baur, Carina and Poignée, Fabian and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {16th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)}, keywords = {can}, month = {06}, title = {Sitting, Chatting, Waiting: Influence of Loading Times on Mobile Instant Messaging QoE}, year = 2024 }
• QoEXplainer: Mediating Explainable Quality of Experience Models with Large Language Models. Wehner, Nikolas; Feldhus, Nils; Seufert, Michael; Möller, Sebastian; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 16th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). Karlshamn, Sweden, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-4, address = {Karlshamn, Sweden}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Feldhus, Nils and Seufert, Michael and Möller, Sebastian and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {16th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {QoEXplainer: Mediating Explainable Quality of Experience Models with Large Language Models}, year = 2024 }
• The Effects of Topologies on the Performance of Real-Time Networks. Diederich, Philip; Grigorjew, Alexej; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kellerer, Wolfgang. In 2024 IEEE 10th International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-9, author = {Diederich, Philip and Grigorjew, Alexej and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kellerer, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE 10th International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)}, keywords = {appaware2}, month = {06}, title = {The Effects of Topologies on the Performance of Real-Time Networks}, year = 2024 }
• A Practical Real-Time Model for Diffraction on Rough Surfaces. Clausen, Olaf; Mišiak, Martin; Fuhrmann, Arnulph; Marroquim, Ricardo; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Journal of Computer Graphics Techniques, 13(1), pp. 1–27. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Wave optics phenomena have a significant impact on the visual appearance of rough conductive surfaces even when illuminated with partially coherent light. Recent models address these phenomena, but none is real-time capable due to the complexity of the underlying physics equations. We provide a practical real-time model, building on the measurements and model by Clausen et al. [2023], that approximates diffraction-induced wavelength shifts and speckle patterns with only a small computational overhead compared to the popular Cook-Torrance GGX model. Our model is suitable for Virtual Reality applications, as it contains domain-specific improvements to address the issues of aliasing and highlight disparity.

  @article{clausen2024practical, abstract = {Wave optics phenomena have a significant impact on the visual appearance of rough conductive surfaces even when illuminated with partially coherent light. Recent models address these phenomena, but none is real-time capable due to the complexity of the underlying physics equations. We provide a practical real-time model, building on the measurements and model by Clausen et al. [2023], that approximates diffraction-induced wavelength shifts and speckle patterns with only a small computational overhead compared to the popular Cook-Torrance GGX model. Our model is suitable for Virtual Reality applications, as it contains domain-specific improvements to address the issues of aliasing and highlight disparity.}, author = {Clausen, Olaf and Mišiak, Martin and Fuhrmann, Arnulph and Marroquim, Ricardo and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Journal of Computer Graphics Techniques}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, number = 1, pages = {1-27}, title = {A Practical Real-Time Model for Diffraction on Rough Surfaces}, volume = 13, year = 2024 }
• DARC- Amateurfunklehrgang Klasse N. Amberg, Matthias; Bartels, Henrik; Behrens, Jan; Berka, Helmut; Dahlke, Mathias; Danowski, Michael; Deharde, Sabrina; Finkenzeller, Klaus; Funke, Michael; Groni, Michael; Hartje, Michael; Hillmer, Christian; Jerke, Ronny; Jung, Matthias; Kless, Erich; Krause, Karlheinz; Kregel, Stephan; Krüger, Andreas; Lowack, Michael; Mittendorf, Daniel; Rode, Harald; Schmid, Florian; Schumacher, Alexander; Schwan, Marco; Schwarz, Hans; Swierczek, Björn; Thielmann, Aaron; Weber, Carmen; Weiler, Lars; Wiedemann, Severin. First , M. Jung; B. Swierczek (eds.). DARC Verlag, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Willkommen in der faszinierenden Welt des Amateurfunks! Der Amateurfunkdienst bietet nicht nur die Möglichkeit zur persönlichen Wissenserweiterung durch Experimente und kontinuierliche Weiterbildung, sondern erlaubt auch, einen Beitrag zur globalen Verständigung zu leisten. Zudem kann der Amateurfunkdienst bei Hilfsaktionen in Not- und Katastrophenfällen unterstützen. Es ist wichtig zu betonen, dass der Amateurfunkdienst auf gleicher Ebene mit anderen Funkdiensten, wie zum Beispiel Mobilfunk, Rundfunk und Flugfunk, steht. Als Teilnehmer am Amateurfunkdienst besitzt man das Recht, eigene Sende- und Empfangsanlagen zu entwickeln und zu betreiben. Der Amateurfunk eröffnet die Möglichkeit, mit einer Vielzahl von Übertragungsverfahren zu experimentieren – von der klassischen Kurzwelle über Satellitenfunk bis hin zum Internet der Dinge, einschließlich neuer Verfahren mithilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz. Für die Teilnahme am Amateurfunkdienst ist ein Amateurfunkzeugnis erforderlich, das durch eine erfolgreiche Prüfung bei der Bundesnetzagentur erlangt wird. In Deutschland gliedert sich der Amateurfunk in drei Klassen: die Klasse N für Neueinsteiger, die erweiterte Klasse E und die Klasse A mit höchster Leistung auf allen zugeteilten Frequenzen. Diese Buchreihe dient der Vorbereitung auf die Prüfungen für die verschiedenen Amateurfunkklassen. Es ist zu beachten, dass die Prüflinge unterschiedliche Vorkenntnisse mitbringen. Für manche kann es ratsam sein, die Prüfungen für die verschiedenen Klassen in aufeinanderfolgender Reihenfolge abzulegen, während andere den direkten Weg zur Klasse A wählen. Einige finden im Selbststudium mit einem Buch oder einem Online-Kurs ausreichend Unterstützung, während andere einen Präsenzkurs oder einen persönlichen Ansprechpartner bevorzugen. Diese Buchreihe sowie die dazu gehörige Online-Plattform sind darauf ausgerichtet, all diesen unterschiedlichen Lernstile gerecht zu werden.

  @book{amberg2024amateurfunklehrgang, abstract = {Willkommen in der faszinierenden Welt des Amateurfunks! Der Amateurfunkdienst bietet nicht nur die Möglichkeit zur persönlichen Wissenserweiterung durch Experimente und kontinuierliche Weiterbildung, sondern erlaubt auch, einen Beitrag zur globalen Verständigung zu leisten. Zudem kann der Amateurfunkdienst bei Hilfsaktionen in Not- und Katastrophenfällen unterstützen. Es ist wichtig zu betonen, dass der Amateurfunkdienst auf gleicher Ebene mit anderen Funkdiensten, wie zum Beispiel Mobilfunk, Rundfunk und Flugfunk, steht. Als Teilnehmer am Amateurfunkdienst besitzt man das Recht, eigene Sende- und Empfangsanlagen zu entwickeln und zu betreiben. Der Amateurfunk eröffnet die Möglichkeit, mit einer Vielzahl von Übertragungsverfahren zu experimentieren – von der klassischen Kurzwelle über Satellitenfunk bis hin zum Internet der Dinge, einschließlich neuer Verfahren mithilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz. Für die Teilnahme am Amateurfunkdienst ist ein Amateurfunkzeugnis erforderlich, das durch eine erfolgreiche Prüfung bei der Bundesnetzagentur erlangt wird. In Deutschland gliedert sich der Amateurfunk in drei Klassen: die Klasse N für Neueinsteiger, die erweiterte Klasse E und die Klasse A mit höchster Leistung auf allen zugeteilten Frequenzen. Diese Buchreihe dient der Vorbereitung auf die Prüfungen für die verschiedenen Amateurfunkklassen. Es ist zu beachten, dass die Prüflinge unterschiedliche Vorkenntnisse mitbringen. Für manche kann es ratsam sein, die Prüfungen für die verschiedenen Klassen in aufeinanderfolgender Reihenfolge abzulegen, während andere den direkten Weg zur Klasse A wählen. Einige finden im Selbststudium mit einem Buch oder einem Online-Kurs ausreichend Unterstützung, während andere einen Präsenzkurs oder einen persönlichen Ansprechpartner bevorzugen. Diese Buchreihe sowie die dazu gehörige Online-Plattform sind darauf ausgerichtet, all diesen unterschiedlichen Lernstile gerecht zu werden.}, author = {Amberg, Matthias and Bartels, Henrik and Behrens, Jan and Berka, Helmut and Dahlke, Mathias and Danowski, Michael and Deharde, Sabrina and Finkenzeller, Klaus and Funke, Michael and Groni, Michael and Hartje, Michael and Hillmer, Christian and Jerke, Ronny and Jung, Matthias and Kless, Erich and Krause, Karlheinz and Kregel, Stephan and Krüger, Andreas and Lowack, Michael and Mittendorf, Daniel and Rode, Harald and Schmid, Florian and Schumacher, Alexander and Schwan, Marco and Schwarz, Hans and Swierczek, Björn and Thielmann, Aaron and Weber, Carmen and Weiler, Lars and Wiedemann, Severin}, edition = {First}, editor = {Jung, Matthias and Swierczek, Björn}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, publisher = {DARC Verlag}, title = {DARC- Amateurfunklehrgang Klasse N}, year = 2024 }
• DeepFear: Game Usage within Virtual Reality to Provoke Physiological Responses of Fear. Yalcin, Murat; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Extended Abstracts of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, of CHI EA ’24, pp. 1–8. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The investigation and the classification of the physiological signals involved in fear perception is complicated due to the difficulties in reliably eliciting and measuring the complex construct of fear. Especially, using Virtual Reality (VR) games can well elicit the physiological responses, then it can be used developing treatments in healthcare domain. In this study, we carried out exploratory physiological data analysis and wearable sensory device feasibility for the responses of fear. We contributed 1) to use a of-the-shelf commercial game (Half Life-Alyx) to provoke fear emotion, 2) to demonstrate a performance analysis with different deep learning models like Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Transformer, 3) to investigate the most responsive physiological signal by comprehensive data analysis and best sensory device in terms of multi-level of fear classification. Accuracy metrics, f1-scores and confusion matrices showed that ECG and ACC are the most significant two signals for fear recognition.

  @inproceedings{Yalcin2024, abstract = {The investigation and the classification of the physiological signals involved in fear perception is complicated due to the difficulties in reliably eliciting and measuring the complex construct of fear. Especially, using Virtual Reality (VR) games can well elicit the physiological responses, then it can be used developing treatments in healthcare domain. In this study, we carried out exploratory physiological data analysis and wearable sensory device feasibility for the responses of fear. We contributed 1) to use a of-the-shelf commercial game (Half Life-Alyx) to provoke fear emotion, 2) to demonstrate a performance analysis with different deep learning models like Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Transformer, 3) to investigate the most responsive physiological signal by comprehensive data analysis and best sensory device in terms of multi-level of fear classification. Accuracy metrics, f1-scores and confusion matrices showed that ECG and ACC are the most significant two signals for fear recognition.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Yalcin, Murat and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Extended Abstracts of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {myalcin}, month = {05}, pages = {1–8}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '24}, title = {DeepFear: Game Usage within Virtual Reality to Provoke Physiological Responses of Fear}, year = 2024 }
• The Missing Link in Network Intrusion Detection: Taking AI/ML Research Efforts to Users. Dietz, Katharina; Mühlhauser, Michael; Kögel, Jochen; Schwinger, Stephan; Sichermann, Marleen; Seufert, Michael; Herrmann, Dominik; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Access. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2024-4, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Mühlhauser, Michael and Kögel, Jochen and Schwinger, Stephan and Sichermann, Marleen and Seufert, Michael and Herrmann, Dominik and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {IEEE Access}, keywords = {vipnano}, month = {05}, title = {The Missing Link in Network Intrusion Detection: Taking AI/ML Research Efforts to Users}, year = 2024 }
• HALIDS: a hardware-assisted machine learning IDS for in-network monitoring. Brandino, Belén; Grampin, Eduardo; Dietz, Katharina; Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Casas, Pedro. In 2024 8th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA), Dresden, Germany. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-poster-2024-1, author = {Brandino, Belén and Grampin, Eduardo and Dietz, Katharina and Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Casas, Pedro}, booktitle = {2024 8th Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA), Dresden, Germany}, keywords = {myown}, month = {05}, title = {HALIDS: a hardware-assisted machine learning IDS for in-network monitoring}, year = 2024 }
• Understanding Serverless Computing: The Evolution of Cloud Service Models. Kounev, Samuel. Keynote Talk at Third International Workshop on Serverless Computing Experience, Zurich, Switzerland, 2024, June 19.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{kounev2024understanding, address = {Zurich, Switzerland}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {06}, note = {https://www.serverlesscomputing.org/woscx3/talks.html}, publisher = {Keynote Talk at Third International Workshop on Serverless Computing Experience}, title = {Understanding Serverless Computing: The Evolution of Cloud Service Models}, year = 2024 }
• Evaluation is key: a survey on evaluation measures for synthetic time series. Stenger, Michael; Leppich, Robert; Foster, Ian; Kounev, Samuel; Bauer, Andr{é}. In Journal of Big Data, 11, p. 66. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{Stenger2024, author = {Stenger, Michael and Leppich, Robert and Foster, Ian and Kounev, Samuel and Bauer, Andr{\'e}}, journal = {Journal of Big Data}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {05}, pages = 66, title = {Evaluation is key: a survey on evaluation measures for synthetic time series}, volume = 11, year = 2024 }
• Assessing Depth Perception in VR and Video See-Through AR: A Comparison on Distance Judgment, Performance, and Preference. Westermeier, Franziska; Brübach, Larissa; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 30(5), pp. 2140–2150. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Spatial User Interfaces along the Reality-Virtuality continuum heavily depend on accurate depth perception. However, current display technologies still exhibit shortcomings in the simulation of accurate depth cues, and these shortcomings also vary between Virtual or Augmented Reality (VR, AR: eXtended Reality (XR) for short). This article compares depth perception between VR and Video See-Through (VST) AR. We developed a digital twin of an existing office room where users had to perform five depth-dependent tasks in VR and VST AR. Thirty-two participants took part in a user study using a 1×4 within-subjects design. Our results reveal higher misjudgment rates in VST AR due to conflicting depth cues between virtual and physical content. Increased head movements observed in participants were interpreted as a compensatory response to these conflicting cues. Furthermore, a longer task completion time in the VST AR condition indicates a lower task performance in VST AR. Interestingly, while participants rated the VR condition as easier and contrary to the increased misjudgments and lower performance with the VST AR display, a majority still expressed a preference for the VST AR experience. We discuss and explain these findings with the high visual dominance and referential power of the physical content in the VST AR condition, leading to a higher spatial presence and plausibility.

  @article{westermeier2024assessing, abstract = {Spatial User Interfaces along the Reality-Virtuality continuum heavily depend on accurate depth perception. However, current display technologies still exhibit shortcomings in the simulation of accurate depth cues, and these shortcomings also vary between Virtual or Augmented Reality (VR, AR: eXtended Reality (XR) for short). This article compares depth perception between VR and Video See-Through (VST) AR. We developed a digital twin of an existing office room where users had to perform five depth-dependent tasks in VR and VST AR. Thirty-two participants took part in a user study using a 1×4 within-subjects design. Our results reveal higher misjudgment rates in VST AR due to conflicting depth cues between virtual and physical content. Increased head movements observed in participants were interpreted as a compensatory response to these conflicting cues. Furthermore, a longer task completion time in the VST AR condition indicates a lower task performance in VST AR. Interestingly, while participants rated the VR condition as easier and contrary to the increased misjudgments and lower performance with the VST AR display, a majority still expressed a preference for the VST AR experience. We discuss and explain these findings with the high visual dominance and referential power of the physical content in the VST AR condition, leading to a higher spatial presence and plausibility.}, author = {Westermeier, Franziska and Brübach, Larissa and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {xrhub}, month = {05}, number = 5, pages = {2140 - 2150}, title = {Assessing Depth Perception in VR and Video See-Through AR: A Comparison on Distance Judgment, Performance, and Preference}, volume = 30, year = 2024 }
• The Effects of Expertise, Humanness, and Congruence on Perceived Trust, Warmth, Competence and Intention to Use Embodied AI. Krop, Philipp; Koch, Martin J.; Carolus, Astrid; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’24), p. 9. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Even though people imagine different embodiments when asked which AI they would like to work with, most studies investigate trust in AI systems without specific physical appearances. This study aims to close this gap by combining influencing factors of trust to analyze their impact on the perceived trustworthiness, warmth, and competence of an embodied AI. We recruited 68 par- ticipants who observed three co-working scenes with an embodied AI, presented as expert/novice (expertise), human/AI (humanness), or congruent/slightly incongruent to the environment (congruence). Our results show that the expertise condition had the largest im- pact on trust, acceptance, and perceived warmth and competence. When controlled for perceived competence, the humanness of the AI and the congruence of its embodiment to the environment also influence acceptance. The results show that besides expertise and the perceived competence of the AI, other design variables are rele- vant for successful human-AI interaction, especially when the AI is embodied.

  @inproceedings{krop2024effects, abstract = {Even though people imagine different embodiments when asked which AI they would like to work with, most studies investigate trust in AI systems without specific physical appearances. This study aims to close this gap by combining influencing factors of trust to analyze their impact on the perceived trustworthiness, warmth, and competence of an embodied AI. We recruited 68 par- ticipants who observed three co-working scenes with an embodied AI, presented as expert/novice (expertise), human/AI (humanness), or congruent/slightly incongruent to the environment (congruence). Our results show that the expertise condition had the largest im- pact on trust, acceptance, and perceived warmth and competence. When controlled for perceived competence, the humanness of the AI and the congruence of its embodiment to the environment also influence acceptance. The results show that besides expertise and the perceived competence of the AI, other design variables are rele- vant for successful human-AI interaction, especially when the AI is embodied.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Krop, Philipp and Koch, Martin J. and Carolus, Astrid and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’24)}, keywords = {aiatwork}, month = {05}, organization = {ACM}, pages = 9, publisher = {ACM}, title = {The Effects of Expertise, Humanness, and Congruence on Perceived Trust, Warmth, Competence and Intention to Use Embodied AI}, year = 2024 }
• Benchmarking of Secure Group Communication schemes with Focus on IoT. Prantl, Thomas; Bauer, André; Engel, Simon; Horn, Lukas; Krupitzer, Christian; Iffl{ä}nder, Lukas; Kounev, Samuel. In Discover Data, 2(1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{PrBaEnHoKrIfKo_Discover_Data_2024, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Bauer, André and Engel, Simon and Horn, Lukas and Krupitzer, Christian and Iffl{\"a}nder, Lukas and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Discover Data}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {05}, number = 1, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, title = {Benchmarking of Secure Group Communication schemes with Focus on IoT}, volume = 2, year = 2024 }
• Inertial LiDAR Motion Distortion Correction on Spherical Mobile Mapping Systems for Planetary Exploration. Heinisch, P.; Arzberger, F.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Space Robotics (iSpaRo ’24). Luxembourg, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  In this paper, we present an algorithm countering the motion distortion observed in LiDAR point clouds due to the inherent inertial rotations when recorded with a spherical mobile mapping system. State-of-the-art motion distortion correction algorithms focus on more rotationally restricted systems, such as UAVs, rovers, or cars, where often a “dead-reckoning” approach is utilized to account for the vehicles linear velocity. Thus, the algorithm presented in this paper is based on a motion model for spherical systems, taking only the angular velocities into account. We show, despite explicitly omitting a model for the linear velocity of the scanner, and assuming constant angular velocity between two frames, that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms which use a false model for the linear velocities. To verify this, we test our algorithm on 3D point clouds recorded with a Livox MID-100 mounted on a spherical mobile mapping system, and compare the accuracy to an algorithm proposed in the Livox-SDK. To do this, we have ground truth point clouds available from a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). Our algorithm consistently reduces the motion distortion from low (5 Hz) to high (50 Hz) LiDAR sampling frequencies, such that the point clouds are well-suited for further processing steps such as odometry or mapping.

  @inproceedings{ISPARO2024, abstract = {In this paper, we present an algorithm countering the motion distortion observed in LiDAR point clouds due to the inherent inertial rotations when recorded with a spherical mobile mapping system. State-of-the-art motion distortion correction algorithms focus on more rotationally restricted systems, such as UAVs, rovers, or cars, where often a “dead-reckoning” approach is utilized to account for the vehicles linear velocity. Thus, the algorithm presented in this paper is based on a motion model for spherical systems, taking only the angular velocities into account. We show, despite explicitly omitting a model for the linear velocity of the scanner, and assuming constant angular velocity between two frames, that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms which use a false model for the linear velocities. To verify this, we test our algorithm on 3D point clouds recorded with a Livox MID-100 mounted on a spherical mobile mapping system, and compare the accuracy to an algorithm proposed in the Livox-SDK. To do this, we have ground truth point clouds available from a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). Our algorithm consistently reduces the motion distortion from low (5 Hz) to high (50 Hz) LiDAR sampling frequencies, such that the point clouds are well-suited for further processing steps such as odometry or mapping.}, address = {Luxembourg}, author = {Heinisch, P. and Arzberger, F. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Space Robotics (iSpaRo '24)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {05}, title = {Inertial LiDAR Motion Distortion Correction on Spherical Mobile Mapping Systems for Planetary Exploration}, year = 2024 }
• De Bello Homomorphico: Investigation of the extensibility of the OpenFHE library with basic mathematical functions by means of common approaches using the example of the CKKS cryptosystem. Prantl, Thomas; Horn, Lukas; Engel, Simon; Iffländer, Lukas; Beierlieb, Lukas; Krupitzer, Christian; Bauer, André; Sakarvadia, Mansi; Foster, Ian; Kounev, Samuel. In International Journal of Information Security, 23(2), pp. 1149–1169. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{PrHoEnIfBeKrBaSaFoKo_IJoIS_SGC_Pareto, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Horn, Lukas and Engel, Simon and Iffl\"ander, Lukas and Beierlieb, Lukas and Krupitzer, Christian and Bauer, Andr\'e and Sakarvadia, Mansi and Foster, Ian and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {International Journal of Information Security}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {04}, note = {Published online November 2023}, number = 2, pages = {1149–1169}, title = {De Bello Homomorphico: Investigation of the extensibility of the OpenFHE library with basic mathematical functions by means of common approaches using the example of the CKKS cryptosystem}, volume = 23, year = 2024 }
• Poster Contribution:A possible German CubeSat Contribution to RAMSES. Männel, J.; Auster, H. U.; Grott, M.; Herique, A.; Kayal, H.; Neumann, T.; Plaschke, F.; Plettemeier, D.; Riegler, C.; Vincent, J.-B. In Apophis T-5 Workshop. Lunar and Planetary Institute, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The mission aims to support the objectives of RAMSES by providing insights into characteristics and changes related to th ECA of (99942) Apophis. In addition, the magnetization and plasma interactions with Earth's magnetosphere will be characterized.

  @conference{mnnel2024poster, abstract = {The mission aims to support the objectives of RAMSES by providing insights into characteristics and changes related to th ECA of (99942) Apophis. In addition, the magnetization and plasma interactions with Earth's magnetosphere will be characterized.}, address = {Noordwijk, The Netherlands}, author = {Männel, J. and Auster, H. U. and Grott, M. and Herique, A. and Kayal, H. and Neumann, T. and Plaschke, F. and Plettemeier, D. and Riegler, C. and Vincent, J.-B.}, booktitle = {Apophis T-5 Workshop}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, publisher = {Lunar and Planetary Institute}, title = {Poster Contribution:A possible German CubeSat Contribution to RAMSES}, year = 2024 }
• Machine Learning with Computer Networks: Techniques, Datasets and Models. Afifi, Haitham; Pochaba, Sabrina; Boltres, Andreas; Laniewski, Dominic; Haberer, Janek; Paeleke, Leonard; Poorzare, Reza; Stolpmann, Daniel; Wehner, Nikolas; Redder, Adrian; Samikwa, Eric; Seufert, Michael. In IEEE Access. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2024-2, author = {Afifi, Haitham and Pochaba, Sabrina and Boltres, Andreas and Laniewski, Dominic and Haberer, Janek and Paeleke, Leonard and Poorzare, Reza and Stolpmann, Daniel and Wehner, Nikolas and Redder, Adrian and Samikwa, Eric and Seufert, Michael}, journal = {IEEE Access}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, title = {Machine Learning with Computer Networks: Techniques, Datasets and Models}, year = 2024 }
• TooCloseVR – Die Entwicklung eines Präventionsprogramms zur Verhinderung von Cyberbullying mittels immersiver Technologien. Bürger, Arne; Wienrich, Carolin. In Kindheit und Entwicklung, 33(2), pp. 125–135. Hogrefe Publishing Group, 2024.
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  @article{B_rger_2024, author = {Bürger, Arne and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {Kindheit und Entwicklung}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, month = {04}, number = 2, pages = {125–135}, publisher = {Hogrefe Publishing Group}, title = {TooCloseVR – Die Entwicklung eines Präventionsprogramms zur Verhinderung von Cyberbullying mittels immersiver Technologien}, volume = 33, year = 2024 }
• Marina: Realizing ML-Driven Real-Time Network Traffic Monitoring at Terabit Scale. Seufert, Michael; Dietz, Katharina; Wehner, Nikolas; Geißler, Stefan; Schüler, Joshua; Wolz, Manuel; Hotho, Andreas; Casas, Pedro; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Feldmann, Anja. In Transactions on Network and Service Management (TNSM). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2024-1, author = {Seufert, Michael and Dietz, Katharina and Wehner, Nikolas and Geißler, Stefan and Schüler, Joshua and Wolz, Manuel and Hotho, Andreas and Casas, Pedro and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Feldmann, Anja}, journal = {Transactions on Network and Service Management (TNSM)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {03}, title = {Marina: Realizing ML-Driven Real-Time Network Traffic Monitoring at Terabit Scale}, year = 2024 }
• Thinking in Categories: A Survey on Assessing the Quality for Time Series Synthesis. Stenger, Michael; Bauer, Andr{é}; Prantl, Thomas; Leppich, Robert; Hudson, Nathaniel; Chard, Kyle; Foster, Ian; Kounev, Samuel. In ACM J. Data and Information Quality, 16(2). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Time series data are widely used and provide a wealth of information for countless applications. However, some applications are faced with a limited amount of data, or the data cannot be used due to confidentiality concerns. To overcome these obstacles, time series can be generated synthetically. For example, electrocardiograms can be synthesized to make them available for building models to predict conditions such as cardiac arrhythmia without leaking patient information. Although many different approaches to time series synthesis have been proposed, evaluating the quality of synthetic time series data poses unique challenges and remains an open problem, as there is a lack of a clear definition of what constitutes a “good” synthesis. To this end, we present a comprehensive literature survey to identify different aspects of synthesis quality and their relationships. Based on this, we propose a definition of synthesis quality and a systematic evaluation procedure for assessing it. With this work, we aim to provide a common language and criteria for evaluating synthetic time series data. Our goal is to promote more rigorous and reproducible research in time series synthesis by enabling researchers and practitioners to generate high-quality synthetic time series data.

  @article{10.1145/3666006, abstract = {Time series data are widely used and provide a wealth of information for countless applications. However, some applications are faced with a limited amount of data, or the data cannot be used due to confidentiality concerns. To overcome these obstacles, time series can be generated synthetically. For example, electrocardiograms can be synthesized to make them available for building models to predict conditions such as cardiac arrhythmia without leaking patient information. Although many different approaches to time series synthesis have been proposed, evaluating the quality of synthetic time series data poses unique challenges and remains an open problem, as there is a lack of a clear definition of what constitutes a “good” synthesis. To this end, we present a comprehensive literature survey to identify different aspects of synthesis quality and their relationships. Based on this, we propose a definition of synthesis quality and a systematic evaluation procedure for assessing it. With this work, we aim to provide a common language and criteria for evaluating synthetic time series data. Our goal is to promote more rigorous and reproducible research in time series synthesis by enabling researchers and practitioners to generate high-quality synthetic time series data.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Stenger, Michael and Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Prantl, Thomas and Leppich, Robert and Hudson, Nathaniel and Chard, Kyle and Foster, Ian and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {ACM J. Data and Information Quality}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {06}, number = 2, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Thinking in Categories: A Survey on Assessing the Quality for Time Series Synthesis}, volume = 16, year = 2024 }
• COBIRAS: Offering a Continuous Bit Rate Slide to Maximize DASH Streaming Bandwidth Utilization. Seufert, Michael; Spangenberger, Marius; Poignée, Fabian; Wamser, Florian; Robitza, Werner; Timmerer, Christian; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2024-5, author = {Seufert, Michael and Spangenberger, Marius and Poignée, Fabian and Wamser, Florian and Robitza, Werner and Timmerer, Christian and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {07}, title = {COBIRAS: Offering a Continuous Bit Rate Slide to Maximize DASH Streaming Bandwidth Utilization}, year = 2024 }
• Patient-Centered Chronic Wound Care Mobile Apps: Systematic Identification, Analysis, and Assessment. Dege, Tassilo; Glatzel, Bernadette; Borst, Vanessa; Grän, Franziska; Goller, Simon; Glatzel, Caroline; Goebeler, Matthias; Schmieder, Astrid. In JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 12. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Background: The prevalence of chronic wounds is predicted to increase within the aging populations in industrialized countries. Patients experience significant distress due to pain, wound secretions, and the resulting immobilization. As the number of wounds continues to rise, their adequate care becomes increasingly costly in terms of health care resources worldwide. eHealth support systems are being increasingly integrated into patient care. However, to date, no systematic analysis of such apps for chronic wounds has been published. Objective: The aims of this study were to systematically identify and subjectively assess publicly available German- or English-language mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds, with quality assessments performed by both patients and physicians. Methods: Two reviewers independently conducted a systematic search and assessment of German- or English-language mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds that were available in the Google Play Store and Apple App Store from April 2022 to May 2022. In total, 3 apps met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were reviewed independently by 10 physicians using the German Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and the System Usability Scale (SUS). The app with the highest mean MARS score was subsequently reviewed by 11 patients with chronic wounds using the German user version of the MARS (uMARS) and the SUS. Additionally, Affinity for Technology Interaction (ATI) scale scores were collected from both patients and physicians. Results: This study assessed mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds that were selected from a pool of 118 identified apps. Of the 73 apps available in both app stores, 10 were patient oriented. After excluding apps with advertisements or costs, 3 apps were evaluated by 10 physicians. Mean MARS scores ranged from 2.64 (SD 0.65) to 3.88 (SD 0.65) out of 5, and mean SUS scores ranged from 50.75 (SD 27) to 80.5 (SD 17.7) out of 100. WUND APP received the highest mean MARS score (mean 3.88, SD 0.65 out of 5) among physicians. Hence, it was subsequently assessed by 11 patients and achieved a similar rating (uMARS score: mean 3.89, SD 0.4 out of 5). Technical affinity, as measured with the ATI scale, was slightly lower in patients (score: mean 3.62, SD 1.35 out of 6) compared to physicians (score: mean 3.88, SD 1.03 out 6). Conclusions: The quality ratings from physicians and patients were comparable and indicated mediocre app quality. Technical affinity, as assessed by using the ATI scale, was slightly lower for patients. Adequate apps for patients with chronic wounds remain limited, emphasizing the need for improved app development to meet patient needs. The ATI scale proved valuable for assessing technical affinity among different user groups.

  @article{dege2024patientcentered, abstract = {Background: The prevalence of chronic wounds is predicted to increase within the aging populations in industrialized countries. Patients experience significant distress due to pain, wound secretions, and the resulting immobilization. As the number of wounds continues to rise, their adequate care becomes increasingly costly in terms of health care resources worldwide. eHealth support systems are being increasingly integrated into patient care. However, to date, no systematic analysis of such apps for chronic wounds has been published. Objective: The aims of this study were to systematically identify and subjectively assess publicly available German- or English-language mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds, with quality assessments performed by both patients and physicians. Methods: Two reviewers independently conducted a systematic search and assessment of German- or English-language mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds that were available in the Google Play Store and Apple App Store from April 2022 to May 2022. In total, 3 apps met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were reviewed independently by 10 physicians using the German Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and the System Usability Scale (SUS). The app with the highest mean MARS score was subsequently reviewed by 11 patients with chronic wounds using the German user version of the MARS (uMARS) and the SUS. Additionally, Affinity for Technology Interaction (ATI) scale scores were collected from both patients and physicians. Results: This study assessed mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds that were selected from a pool of 118 identified apps. Of the 73 apps available in both app stores, 10 were patient oriented. After excluding apps with advertisements or costs, 3 apps were evaluated by 10 physicians. Mean MARS scores ranged from 2.64 (SD 0.65) to 3.88 (SD 0.65) out of 5, and mean SUS scores ranged from 50.75 (SD 27) to 80.5 (SD 17.7) out of 100. WUND APP received the highest mean MARS score (mean 3.88, SD 0.65 out of 5) among physicians. Hence, it was subsequently assessed by 11 patients and achieved a similar rating (uMARS score: mean 3.89, SD 0.4 out of 5). Technical affinity, as measured with the ATI scale, was slightly lower in patients (score: mean 3.62, SD 1.35 out of 6) compared to physicians (score: mean 3.88, SD 1.03 out 6). Conclusions: The quality ratings from physicians and patients were comparable and indicated mediocre app quality. Technical affinity, as assessed by using the ATI scale, was slightly lower for patients. Adequate apps for patients with chronic wounds remain limited, emphasizing the need for improved app development to meet patient needs. The ATI scale proved valuable for assessing technical affinity among different user groups.}, author = {Dege, Tassilo and Glatzel, Bernadette and Borst, Vanessa and Grän, Franziska and Goller, Simon and Glatzel, Caroline and Goebeler, Matthias and Schmieder, Astrid}, journal = {JMIR mHealth and uHealth}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {03}, title = {Patient-Centered Chronic Wound Care Mobile Apps: Systematic Identification, Analysis, and Assessment}, volume = 12, year = 2024 }
• Centralized vs. Decentralized: A Hybrid Performance Model of the TSN Resource Allocation Protocol. Raunecker, David; Geißler, Stefan; Grigorjew, Alexej; Diederich, Philip; Kellerer, Wolfgang; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 20th International Conference on Network and Service Management. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Time-Sensitive Networking can provide a wide array of QoS guarantees that can be leveraged in a variety of use cases, ranging from industrial applications to autonomous driving. While the control plane can be configured following either a distributed or a centralized paradigm, it is difficult to make general assertions about the affinity of different topologies and use cases towards these configuration methods. In this work, we propose a hybrid simulation of the Resource Allocation Protocol to evaluate the reservation performance across a wide range of network configurations. Results show distinct behaviors between the configuration paradigms, making a case for decentralized control when scalability is critical. In addition, we make our implementation of the developed hybrid model publicly available.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-12, abstract = {Time-Sensitive Networking can provide a wide array of QoS guarantees that can be leveraged in a variety of use cases, ranging from industrial applications to autonomous driving. While the control plane can be configured following either a distributed or a centralized paradigm, it is difficult to make general assertions about the affinity of different topologies and use cases towards these configuration methods. In this work, we propose a hybrid simulation of the Resource Allocation Protocol to evaluate the reservation performance across a wide range of network configurations. Results show distinct behaviors between the configuration paradigms, making a case for decentralized control when scalability is critical. In addition, we make our implementation of the developed hybrid model publicly available.}, author = {Raunecker, David and Geißler, Stefan and Grigorjew, Alexej and Diederich, Philip and Kellerer, Wolfgang and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {20th International Conference on Network and Service Management}, keywords = {dfgappaware2}, month = 10, title = {Centralized vs. Decentralized: A Hybrid Performance Model of the TSN Resource Allocation Protocol}, year = 2024 }
• Challenges in the evaluation of earth observation products: Accuracy assessment case study using convolutional neural networks. Prantl, Thomas; Barthel, Til; Kaiser, Dennis; Schwinger, Maximilian; Bauer, André; Kounev, Samuel. In Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment. Elsevier BV, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{PrBaKaScBaKo_2024_EO_Challenges, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Barthel, Til and Kaiser, Dennis and Schwinger, Maximilian and Bauer, André and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = 12, publisher = {Elsevier BV}, title = {Challenges in the evaluation of earth observation products: Accuracy assessment case study using convolutional neural networks}, year = 2024 }
• Autoscaling Rethought: A Continuous, Decentralized Approach. Straesser, Martin. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @presentation{straesser2024rethought, author = {Straesser, Martin}, keywords = {microservices}, title = {Autoscaling Rethought: A Continuous, Decentralized Approach}, year = 2024 }
• {libBICOS -- An Open Source GPU-Accelerated Library implementing BInary COrrespondence Search for 3D Reconstruction}. Liebender, C.; Bleier, M.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of Optical 3D Metrology 2024 (O3DM ’24), of ISPRS Int. Archives Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W7-2024, pp. 57–64. Brescia, Italy, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In this paper, we present an implementation and publish an open source library for binary correspondence search (BICOS), an efficient method for accurate 3D reconstruction from structured light stereo imagery. Starting with two stacks of stereo-rectified images of a scene illuminated by a statistical light pattern the proposed method solves the problem of a pixelwise correspondence search. Our GPU-accelerated implementation reduces the latency of disparity computation using 7MP images on modern hardware down to 20 milliseconds. Based on the algorithm introduced by Dietrich et al. (2019), we extend their approach by increasing the descriptor size while augmenting postprocessing to increase its applicability on other types of pattern projections. Lastly, we provide benchmarks and example reconstructions using a stereo camera setup combined with an off-the-shelf projector to validate the algorithm’s performance. While many state-of-the-art single-shot stereo implementations are included in common computer vision libraries, high performance multi-shot methods are not broadly available. By publishing this method as a freely available library, in both a CUDA and CPU implementation, we hope for others to quickly gain traction in this field. The source code with build instructions and command-line tooling is available at https://github.com/JMUWRobotics/libBICOS under the GNU LGPLv3.

  @inproceedings{O3DM2024, abstract = {In this paper, we present an implementation and publish an open source library for binary correspondence search (BICOS), an efficient method for accurate 3D reconstruction from structured light stereo imagery. Starting with two stacks of stereo-rectified images of a scene illuminated by a statistical light pattern the proposed method solves the problem of a pixelwise correspondence search. Our GPU-accelerated implementation reduces the latency of disparity computation using 7MP images on modern hardware down to 20 milliseconds. Based on the algorithm introduced by Dietrich et al. (2019), we extend their approach by increasing the descriptor size while augmenting postprocessing to increase its applicability on other types of pattern projections. Lastly, we provide benchmarks and example reconstructions using a stereo camera setup combined with an off-the-shelf projector to validate the algorithm’s performance. While many state-of-the-art single-shot stereo implementations are included in common computer vision libraries, high performance multi-shot methods are not broadly available. By publishing this method as a freely available library, in both a CUDA and CPU implementation, we hope for others to quickly gain traction in this field. The source code with build instructions and command-line tooling is available at https://github.com/JMUWRobotics/libBICOS under the GNU LGPLv3.}, address = {Brescia, Italy}, author = {Liebender, C. and Bleier, M. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Optical 3D Metrology 2024 (O3DM '24)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 12, pages = {57–64}, series = {ISPRS Int. Archives Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W7-2024}, title = {{libBICOS – An Open Source GPU-Accelerated Library implementing BInary COrrespondence Search for 3D Reconstruction}}, year = 2024 }
• FaaSt: A Latency-aware Serverless Scheme for Edge–Cloud Environments. Nguyen, TrungKien; Dao, Hiep; Nguyen, Tung; Loh, Frank; Huu Thanh, Nguyen; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE International Conference on Cloud Networking (CLOUDNET). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-13, author = {Nguyen, TrungKien and Dao, Hiep and Nguyen, Tung and Loh, Frank and Huu Thanh, Nguyen and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Cloud Networking (CLOUDNET)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 12, title = {FaaSt: A Latency-aware Serverless Scheme for Edge–Cloud Environments}, year = 2024 }
• A handheld stereo vision and {LiDAR} system for outdoor dense {RGB-D} mapping using depth map completion based on learned priors. Bleier, M.; Yuan, Y.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of LowCost3D 2024, of ISPRS Int. Archives Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W8-2024, pp. 31–36. Brescia, Italy, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  This paper proposes a handheld mapping system consisting of a stereo camera setup combined with low-cost automotive LiDAR. The prototype system is applicable to various types of mobile monocular, stereo vision and LiDAR data collection and processing. Capturing dense RGB-D data outdoors with low-cost sensors is challenging, especially when low latency is required. Readily available commercial RGB-D sensors are typically limited to a range of less than 10 m, which is too small to capture large outdoor structures. Currently available low-cost automotive LiDAR scanners feature a suitable range but provide only sparse data. To enable low-latency dense RGB-D scans we augment the sparse LiDAR data with the RGB data stream based on learned models. We apply monocular depth estimation based on a single image and apply scale correction based on learned priors and sparse automotive LiDAR scans. Using the laser scan data, accurate metric information is incorporated directly into the scale estimation stage. For validation, the learning-based depth map completion is compared to traditional LiDAR mapping using scan matching on an outdoor data set acquired with the proposed handheld. While the model-based regression of the sparse LiDAR data produces significantly less accurate results in our experiments, it is able to compute dense RGB-D data from a single sparse 3D scan and monocular RGB image with low latency.

  @inproceedings{LC2024, abstract = {This paper proposes a handheld mapping system consisting of a stereo camera setup combined with low-cost automotive LiDAR. The prototype system is applicable to various types of mobile monocular, stereo vision and LiDAR data collection and processing. Capturing dense RGB-D data outdoors with low-cost sensors is challenging, especially when low latency is required. Readily available commercial RGB-D sensors are typically limited to a range of less than 10 m, which is too small to capture large outdoor structures. Currently available low-cost automotive LiDAR scanners feature a suitable range but provide only sparse data. To enable low-latency dense RGB-D scans we augment the sparse LiDAR data with the RGB data stream based on learned models. We apply monocular depth estimation based on a single image and apply scale correction based on learned priors and sparse automotive LiDAR scans. Using the laser scan data, accurate metric information is incorporated directly into the scale estimation stage. For validation, the learning-based depth map completion is compared to traditional LiDAR mapping using scan matching on an outdoor data set acquired with the proposed handheld. While the model-based regression of the sparse LiDAR data produces significantly less accurate results in our experiments, it is able to compute dense RGB-D data from a single sparse 3D scan and monocular RGB image with low latency.}, address = {Brescia, Italy}, author = {Bleier, M. and Yuan, Y. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of LowCost3D 2024}, keywords = {author}, month = 12, pages = {31–36}, series = {ISPRS Int. Archives Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W8-2024}, title = {A handheld stereo vision and {LiDAR} system for outdoor dense {RGB-D} mapping using depth map completion based on learned priors}, year = 2024 }
• Overview and confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of AI literacy scale. Koch, Martin J.; Wienrich, Carolin; Straka, Samantha; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Carolus, Astrid. In Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 7, p. 100310. Elsevier BV, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @article{Koch_2024, author = {Koch, Martin J. and Wienrich, Carolin and Straka, Samantha and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Carolus, Astrid}, journal = {Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence}, keywords = {aiatwork}, month = 12, pages = 100310, publisher = {Elsevier BV}, title = {Overview and confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis of AI literacy scale}, volume = 7, year = 2024 }
• On the Realisation of a Workflow for Continuous Earth Observation of Forest Dynamics: A Performance Engineering Challenge. Herbst, Nikolas; Jaggy, Niklas; Dingel, David; Linke, David; Kuenzer, Claudia; Kounev, Samuel. In Softwaretechnik-Trends, 44(4), pp. 27–29. 2024.
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  @article{journals/stt/HerbstJDLKK24, author = {Herbst, Nikolas and Jaggy, Niklas and Dingel, David and Linke, David and Kuenzer, Claudia and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Softwaretechnik-Trends}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, month = 11, number = 4, pages = {27-29}, title = {On the Realisation of a Workflow for Continuous Earth Observation of Forest Dynamics: A Performance Engineering Challenge.}, volume = 44, year = 2024 }
• {UWB} {A}nchor {B}ased {L}ocalization of a {P}lanetary {R}over. N{ü}chter, A.; Werner, L.; Hesse, M.; Borrmann, D.; Walter, T.; Montenegro, S.; Gr{ö}mer, G. In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space (i-SAIRAS ’24). Brisbane, Australia, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Localization of an autonomous mobile robot during planetary exploration is challenging due to the unknown terrain, the difficult lighting conditions and the lack of any global reference such as satellite navigation systems. We present a novel approach for robot localization based on ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. The robot sets up its own reference coordinate system by distributing UWB anchor nodes in the environment via a rocket-propelled launcher system. This allows the creation of a localization space in which UWB measurements are employed to supplement traditional SLAM-based techniques. The system was developed for our involvement in the ESA-ESRIC challenge 2021 and the AMADEE-24, an analog Mars simulation in Armenia by the Austrian Space Forum (ÖWF).

  @inproceedings{ISAIRAS2024, abstract = {Localization of an autonomous mobile robot during planetary exploration is challenging due to the unknown terrain, the difficult lighting conditions and the lack of any global reference such as satellite navigation systems. We present a novel approach for robot localization based on ultra-wideband (UWB) technology. The robot sets up its own reference coordinate system by distributing UWB anchor nodes in the environment via a rocket-propelled launcher system. This allows the creation of a localization space in which UWB measurements are employed to supplement traditional SLAM-based techniques. The system was developed for our involvement in the ESA-ESRIC challenge 2021 and the AMADEE-24, an analog Mars simulation in Armenia by the Austrian Space Forum (ÖWF).}, address = {Brisbane, Australia}, author = {N{\"u}chter, A. and Werner, L. and Hesse, M. and Borrmann, D. and Walter, T. and Montenegro, S. and Gr{\"o}mer, G.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation in Space (i-SAIRAS '24)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 11, title = {{UWB} {A}nchor {B}ased {L}ocalization of a {P}lanetary {R}over}, year = 2024 }
• High Complexity and Bad Quality? Efficiency Assessment for Video QoE Prediction Approaches. Loh, Frank; Bingöl, Gülnaziye; Farahani, Reza; Pimpinella, Andrea; Prodan, Radu; Atzori, Luigi; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2024 20th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM), pp. 1–5. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Video streaming has dominated Internet traffic, pushing network providers to ensure high-quality services to avoid customer churn. However, predicting streaming quality is challenging due to traffic encryption, requiring extensive network monitoring. While several prediction approaches have been studied, they often overlook resource and energy demands. To address this, we analyze existing methods, quantifying monitoring efficiency to predict video quality degradation. Finally, we highlight significant differences in efficiency, driven by data requirements and the prediction approach, offering insights for providers to select a suitable method for their needs.

  @inproceedings{10814618, abstract = {Video streaming has dominated Internet traffic, pushing network providers to ensure high-quality services to avoid customer churn. However, predicting streaming quality is challenging due to traffic encryption, requiring extensive network monitoring. While several prediction approaches have been studied, they often overlook resource and energy demands. To address this, we analyze existing methods, quantifying monitoring efficiency to predict video quality degradation. Finally, we highlight significant differences in efficiency, driven by data requirements and the prediction approach, offering insights for providers to select a suitable method for their needs.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Bingöl, Gülnaziye and Farahani, Reza and Pimpinella, Andrea and Prodan, Radu and Atzori, Luigi and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2024 20th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, keywords = {greenfield}, month = 10, pages = {1-5}, title = {High Complexity and Bad Quality? Efficiency Assessment for Video QoE Prediction Approaches}, year = 2024 }
• News Ninja: Gamified Annotation Of Linguistic Bias In Online News. Hinterreiter, Smi; Spinde, Timo; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Echizen, Isao; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the ACM Human-Computer Interaction, 8(CHI PLAY, Article 327), p. 29. 2024.
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  Recent research shows that visualizing linguistic bias mitigates its negative effects. However, reliable automatic detection methods to generate such visualizations require costly, knowledge-intensive training data. To facilitate data collection for media bias datasets, we present News Ninja, a game employing data-collecting game mechanics to generate a crowdsourced dataset. Before annotating sentences, players are educated on media bias via a tutorial. Our findings show that datasets gathered with crowdsourced workers trained on News Ninja can reach significantly higher inter-annotator agreements than expert and crowdsourced datasets with similar data quality. As News Ninja encourages continuous play, it allows datasets to adapt to the reception and contextualization of news over time, presenting a promising strategy to reduce data collection expenses, educate players, and promote long-term bias mitigation.

  @article{hinterreiter2024ninja, abstract = {Recent research shows that visualizing linguistic bias mitigates its negative effects. However, reliable automatic detection methods to generate such visualizations require costly, knowledge-intensive training data. To facilitate data collection for media bias datasets, we present News Ninja, a game employing data-collecting game mechanics to generate a crowdsourced dataset. Before annotating sentences, players are educated on media bias via a tutorial. Our findings show that datasets gathered with crowdsourced workers trained on News Ninja can reach significantly higher inter-annotator agreements than expert and crowdsourced datasets with similar data quality. As News Ninja encourages continuous play, it allows datasets to adapt to the reception and contextualization of news over time, presenting a promising strategy to reduce data collection expenses, educate players, and promote long-term bias mitigation.}, author = {Hinterreiter, Smi and Spinde, Timo and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Echizen, Isao and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Proceedings of the ACM Human-Computer Interaction}, keywords = {xrhub}, month = 10, number = {CHI PLAY, Article 327}, pages = 29, title = {News Ninja: Gamified Annotation Of Linguistic Bias In Online News}, volume = 8, year = 2024 }
• Time-Sensitive Networking over the Air: Combining 5G and TSN. Grigorjew, Alexej; Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In WueWoWAS’24 KuVS Fachgespraech - Wuerzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-10, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {WueWoWAS'24 KuVS Fachgespraech - Wuerzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks}, keywords = {kosinu5}, month = 10, title = {Time-Sensitive Networking over the Air: Combining 5G and TSN}, year = 2024 }
• {Optimal Number and Positioning of Inertial Measurement Units in Spherical Robots}. B{ö}sch, C.; Zevering, J.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems (IAS ’23), Vol. 2 of Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, pp. 509–520. Springer, Seoul, Korea, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Spherical robots are a rather niche part of robotics. Often IMUs are used for orientation determination of those robots. These IMUs are mostly placed in the center of the spherical shape, but for different subtypes of spherical robots, this is not possible due to different drive mechanism. This paper evaluates Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) configurations for different spherical robot types in terms of orientation determination accuracy in a series of four experiments. We establish the relationship between the accuracy of orientation determination and the following aspects of IMU configurations: (A) the number of IMUs, (B) the distance of an IMU from the center of the sphere, (C) symmetrical placement of IMUs around the sphere’s center, and (D) axial placement. Based on the findings of these experiments, we set up the optimal configurations for the different types of spherical robots.

  @inproceedings{IAS2023, abstract = {Spherical robots are a rather niche part of robotics. Often IMUs are used for orientation determination of those robots. These IMUs are mostly placed in the center of the spherical shape, but for different subtypes of spherical robots, this is not possible due to different drive mechanism. This paper evaluates Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) configurations for different spherical robot types in terms of orientation determination accuracy in a series of four experiments. We establish the relationship between the accuracy of orientation determination and the following aspects of IMU configurations: (A) the number of IMUs, (B) the distance of an IMU from the center of the sphere, (C) symmetrical placement of IMUs around the sphere’s center, and (D) axial placement. Based on the findings of these experiments, we set up the optimal configurations for the different types of spherical robots.}, address = {Seoul, Korea}, author = {B{\"o}sch, C. and Zevering, J. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems (IAS '23)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, number = 795, pages = {509-520}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems}, title = {{Optimal Number and Positioning of Inertial Measurement Units in Spherical Robots}}, volume = 2, year = 2024 }
• {On the 3D Trochoidal Motion Model of LiDAR Sensors Placed Off-Centered Inside Spherical Mobile Mapping Systems }. Arzberger, F.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS ’24). Abu Dhabi, UAE, 2024.
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  We study the motion model of a sensor rigidly mounted inside a ball. Due to the rigid placement inside the ball, the geometry of the sensor trajectory resembles a 3D curate trochoid. A new calibration method for spherical systems estimates the extrinsic parameters of the sensor with respect to the balls center of rotation. We deploy the calibration and motion model on our spherical mobile mapping platform to estimate the trajectory of a LiDAR sensor and compare it to trajectories of state-of-the-art LiDAR-Inertial odometry (LIO) methods. The motion model, which is solely based on IMU measurements, produces comparable results to the LIO methods, sometimes even outperforming them in positional accuracy. Although the LIO methods provide better rotational accuracy due to the utilization of LiDAR data, they struggle to reproduce the trochoidal nature of the trajectory and only provide pose estimations at the LiDAR frequency, whereas the motion model produces a more consistent trochoidal trajectory at the much higher IMU frequency. The results demonstrate the difficulty that current LIO methods have on spherical systems and indicate that our motion model is suitable for overcoming these issues.

  @inproceedings{IROS2022_1, abstract = {We study the motion model of a sensor rigidly mounted inside a ball. Due to the rigid placement inside the ball, the geometry of the sensor trajectory resembles a 3D curate trochoid. A new calibration method for spherical systems estimates the extrinsic parameters of the sensor with respect to the balls center of rotation. We deploy the calibration and motion model on our spherical mobile mapping platform to estimate the trajectory of a LiDAR sensor and compare it to trajectories of state-of-the-art LiDAR-Inertial odometry (LIO) methods. The motion model, which is solely based on IMU measurements, produces comparable results to the LIO methods, sometimes even outperforming them in positional accuracy. Although the LIO methods provide better rotational accuracy due to the utilization of LiDAR data, they struggle to reproduce the trochoidal nature of the trajectory and only provide pose estimations at the LiDAR frequency, whereas the motion model produces a more consistent trochoidal trajectory at the much higher IMU frequency. The results demonstrate the difficulty that current LIO methods have on spherical systems and indicate that our motion model is suitable for overcoming these issues.}, address = {Abu Dhabi, UAE}, author = {Arzberger, F. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS '24)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 10, title = {{On the 3D Trochoidal Motion Model of LiDAR Sensors Placed Off-Centered Inside Spherical Mobile Mapping Systems }}, year = 2024 }
• Fitting the Puzzle: Towards Source Traffic Modeling For Mobile Instant Messaging. Poignée, Fabian; Seufert, Anika; Loh, Frank; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2024 15th International Conference on Network of the Future (NoF). Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-11, address = {Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain}, author = {Poignée, Fabian and Seufert, Anika and Loh, Frank and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2024 15th International Conference on Network of the Future (NoF)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = 10, title = {Fitting the Puzzle: Towards Source Traffic Modeling For Mobile Instant Messaging}, year = 2024 }
• Agree to Disagree: Exploring Consensus of XAI Methods for ML-based NIDS. Dietz, Katharina; Hajizadeh, Mehrdad; Schleicher, Johannes; Wehner, Nikolas; Geißler, Stefan; Casas, Pedro; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 1st Workshop on Network Security Operations (NeSecOr) as part of CNSM’24. Prague, Czech Republic, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-8, address = {Prague, Czech Republic}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Hajizadeh, Mehrdad and Schleicher, Johannes and Wehner, Nikolas and Geißler, Stefan and Casas, Pedro and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {1st Workshop on Network Security Operations (NeSecOr) as part of CNSM'24}, keywords = {vipnano}, month = 10, title = {Agree to Disagree: Exploring Consensus of XAI Methods for ML-based NIDS}, year = 2024 }
• Common Cues? Toward the Relationship of Spatial Presence and the Sense of Embodiment. Halbig, Andreas; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), pp. 1117–1126. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, CA, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The sense of presence and the sense of embodiment are two fundamental qualia, pivotal to many virtual reality experiences. Empirical research indicates a notable interdependence between these two qualia, where manipulations designed to affect one often exhibit a concurrent influence on the other. Existing theories on the development of qualia in virtual reality make no or only insufficient statements on this deep interdependence. In this work, we present a novel theoretical perspective on this connection. Based on existing theories, we argue that all the fundamental cues influencing one quale have the potential to impact the other one too. We present three studies ($n=42, n=42, n=32$) that generally support this novel perspective. Among other things, they show that traditional spatial presence cues such as head-tracking and passive depth cues (stereoscopy, linear perspective, etc.) can potentially also serve as embodiment cues. Conversely, they show that typical embodiment cues such as the visuotactile and visuoproprioceptive synchrony of a virtual hand are also spatial presence cues. The cues only differ in terms of how strongly they influence the respective quale. This novel perspective not only enhances our understanding of fundamental mechanics of virtual reality but it can also guide the development of more effective measurement instruments.

  @inproceedings{halbig2024common, abstract = {The sense of presence and the sense of embodiment are two fundamental qualia, pivotal to many virtual reality experiences. Empirical research indicates a notable interdependence between these two qualia, where manipulations designed to affect one often exhibit a concurrent influence on the other. Existing theories on the development of qualia in virtual reality make no or only insufficient statements on this deep interdependence. In this work, we present a novel theoretical perspective on this connection. Based on existing theories, we argue that all the fundamental cues influencing one quale have the potential to impact the other one too. We present three studies ($n=42, n=42, n=32$) that generally support this novel perspective. Among other things, they show that traditional spatial presence cues such as head-tracking and passive depth cues (stereoscopy, linear perspective, etc.) can potentially also serve as embodiment cues. Conversely, they show that typical embodiment cues such as the visuotactile and visuoproprioceptive synchrony of a virtual hand are also spatial presence cues. The cues only differ in terms of how strongly they influence the respective quale. This novel perspective not only enhances our understanding of fundamental mechanics of virtual reality but it can also guide the development of more effective measurement instruments.}, address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA}, author = {Halbig, Andreas and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {23rd IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {xrhub}, month = 10, pages = {1117-1126}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, title = {Common Cues? Toward the Relationship of Spatial Presence and the Sense of Embodiment}, year = 2024 }
• Certainly Uncertain: Demystifying ML Uncertainty for Active Learning in Network Monitoring Tasks. Dietz, Katharina; Hajizadeh, Mehrdad; Wehner, Nikolas; Geißler, Stefan; Casas, Pedro; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 20th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM). Prague, Czech Republic, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-7, address = {Prague, Czech Republic}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Hajizadeh, Mehrdad and Wehner, Nikolas and Geißler, Stefan and Casas, Pedro and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {20th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, keywords = {vipnano}, month = 10, title = {Certainly Uncertain: Demystifying ML Uncertainty for Active Learning in Network Monitoring Tasks}, year = 2024 }
• {RIV-SLAM: Radar-Inertial-Velocity optimization based graph SLAM}. Wang, D.; May, S.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 20th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE ’24), pp. 1–8. Bari, Italy, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  4D imaging radars, commonly known as 4D radars, deliver comprehensive point cloud data that encap- sulates range, azimuth, elevation, and Doppler velocity in- formation even in harsh environmental conditions, such as rain, snow, smoke, and fog. However, 4D radar data also suffers from high noise and sparsity, which poses great chal- lenges for SLAM applications. This paper presents RIV-SLAM, a complete radar-inertial-velocity optimization-based graph SLAM system designed to exploit the full potential of 4D imaging radar technology. RIV-SLAM consists of four integral components: front-end, loop closure, IMU pre-integration and graph optimization, each optimized to effectively leverage the unique attributes of radar data and tightly coupled with IMU data. This is also the first SLAM system known to us that outputs an optimized ego velocity. This capability ensures reliable ego motion estimation under extreme conditions (e.g., wheel odometry fails). Furthermore, we develop a new ground extraction approach, specifically adapted for the 4D imaging radar, which substantially improves the system’s z-axis accuracy. Comprehensive evaluations of the RIV-SLAM system on a variety of datasets demonstrate its superior performance, significantly surpassing existing state-of-the-art Radar-SLAM frameworks. The code of RIV-SLAM will be released at: RIV- SLAM

  @inproceedings{CASE2023, abstract = {4D imaging radars, commonly known as 4D radars, deliver comprehensive point cloud data that encap- sulates range, azimuth, elevation, and Doppler velocity in- formation even in harsh environmental conditions, such as rain, snow, smoke, and fog. However, 4D radar data also suffers from high noise and sparsity, which poses great chal- lenges for SLAM applications. This paper presents RIV-SLAM, a complete radar-inertial-velocity optimization-based graph SLAM system designed to exploit the full potential of 4D imaging radar technology. RIV-SLAM consists of four integral components: front-end, loop closure, IMU pre-integration and graph optimization, each optimized to effectively leverage the unique attributes of radar data and tightly coupled with IMU data. This is also the first SLAM system known to us that outputs an optimized ego velocity. This capability ensures reliable ego motion estimation under extreme conditions (e.g., wheel odometry fails). Furthermore, we develop a new ground extraction approach, specifically adapted for the 4D imaging radar, which substantially improves the system’s z-axis accuracy. Comprehensive evaluations of the RIV-SLAM system on a variety of datasets demonstrate its superior performance, significantly surpassing existing state-of-the-art Radar-SLAM frameworks. The code of RIV-SLAM will be released at: RIV- SLAM}, address = {Bari, Italy}, author = {Wang, D. and May, S. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE '24)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, pages = {1–8}, title = {{RIV-SLAM: Radar-Inertial-Velocity optimization based graph SLAM}}, year = 2024 }
• Traumatic childhood experiences and personality functioning: effect of body connection in a cross-sectional German and Chilean sample. Bertsch, Katja; Göhre, Isabelle; Cottin, Marianne; Zettl, Max; Wienrich, Carolin; Back, Sarah N. In Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation, 11(1), p. 20. 2024.
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  Traumatic childhood experiences are a major risk factor for developing mental disorders later in life. Over the past decade, researchers have begun to investigate the role of early trauma in impairments in personality functioning following the introduction of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders in Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 5. Although first studies were able to empirically demonstrate a significant link between early trauma and impairments in personality functioning, only little is known about the underlying mechanisms. One possible mechanism is body connection due to its involvement in self-regulatory processes and its link to both early trauma and personality (dys)functioning.

  @article{Bertsch2024, abstract = {Traumatic childhood experiences are a major risk factor for developing mental disorders later in life. Over the past decade, researchers have begun to investigate the role of early trauma in impairments in personality functioning following the introduction of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders in Section III of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 5. Although first studies were able to empirically demonstrate a significant link between early trauma and impairments in personality functioning, only little is known about the underlying mechanisms. One possible mechanism is body connection due to its involvement in self-regulatory processes and its link to both early trauma and personality (dys)functioning.}, author = {Bertsch, Katja and Göhre, Isabelle and Cottin, Marianne and Zettl, Max and Wienrich, Carolin and Back, Sarah N.}, journal = {Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, month = {08}, number = 1, pages = 20, title = {Traumatic childhood experiences and personality functioning: effect of body connection in a cross-sectional German and Chilean sample}, volume = 11, year = 2024 }
• Binded to the Lights – Storytelling with a Physically Embodied and a Virtual Robot using Emotionally Adapted Lights. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Ganal, Elisabeth; Yalcin, Murat; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Lugrin, Birgit. In , pp. 2117–2124. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Virtual environments (VEs) can be designed to evoke specific emotions for example by using colored light, not only applicable for games but also for virtual storytelling with a single storyteller. Social robots are perfectly suited as storytellers due to their multimodality. However, there is no research yet on the transferability of robotic storytelling to virtual reality (VR). In addition, the transfer of concepts from VE design such as adaptive room illumination to robotic storytelling has yet not been tested. Thus, we conducted a study comparing the same robotic storytelling with a physically embodied robotic storyteller and in VR to investigate the transferability of robotic storytelling to VR. As a second factor, we manipulated the room light following design guidelines for VEs or kept it constant. Results show that a virtual robotic storyteller is not perceived worse than a physically embodied storyteller, suggesting the applicability of virtual static robotic storytellers. Regarding emotion-driven lighting, no significant effect of colored lights on self-reported emotions was found, but adding colored light increased the social presence of the robot and its’ perceived competence in both VR and reality. As our study was limited by a static robotic storyteller not using bodily expressiveness future work is needed to investigate the interaction between well-researched robot modalities and the rather new modality of colored light based on our results.

  @proceedings{10731419, abstract = {Virtual environments (VEs) can be designed to evoke specific emotions for example by using colored light, not only applicable for games but also for virtual storytelling with a single storyteller. Social robots are perfectly suited as storytellers due to their multimodality. However, there is no research yet on the transferability of robotic storytelling to virtual reality (VR). In addition, the transfer of concepts from VE design such as adaptive room illumination to robotic storytelling has yet not been tested. Thus, we conducted a study comparing the same robotic storytelling with a physically embodied robotic storyteller and in VR to investigate the transferability of robotic storytelling to VR. As a second factor, we manipulated the room light following design guidelines for VEs or kept it constant. Results show that a virtual robotic storyteller is not perceived worse than a physically embodied storyteller, suggesting the applicability of virtual static robotic storytellers. Regarding emotion-driven lighting, no significant effect of colored lights on self-reported emotions was found, but adding colored light increased the social presence of the robot and its’ perceived competence in both VR and reality. As our study was limited by a static robotic storyteller not using bodily expressiveness future work is needed to investigate the interaction between well-researched robot modalities and the rather new modality of colored light based on our results.}, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Ganal, Elisabeth and Yalcin, Murat and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2024 33rd IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (ROMAN)}, keywords = {myalcin}, month = {08}, pages = {2117-2124}, title = {Binded to the Lights – Storytelling with a Physically Embodied and a Virtual Robot using Emotionally Adapted Lights}, year = 2024 }
• Security Analysis of a Decentralized, Revocable and Verifiable Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme. Prantl, Thomas; Lauer, Marco; Horn, Lukas; Engel, Simon; Dingel, David; Kounev, Samuel; Bauer, André; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security, of ARES 2024, pp. 1–11. ACM, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{ARES_2024_ABE, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Lauer, Marco and Horn, Lukas and Engel, Simon and Dingel, David and Kounev, Samuel and Bauer, André and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {07}, pages = {1-11}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {ARES 2024}, title = {Security Analysis of a Decentralized, Revocable and Verifiable Attribute-Based Encryption Scheme}, year = 2024 }
• Emerging Technologies and Frameworks for Serious Games. Chetitah, Mounsif; von Mammen, Sebastian; Liarokapis, Fotis. In Human-Computer Interaction in Various Application Domains, 1st ed., C. Stephanidis, G. Salvendy (eds.), pp. 194–213. CRC Press, Taylor \& Francis Group, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  More than 50 years have passed since the first serious computer games appeared. Their general goal is to motivate players to learn and to improve their learning outcomes. To this end, the players are given specific tasks and challenges in entertaining and engaging contexts. Serious games have evolved from a traditional video game setup to diverse, playful, real-time interactive systems also harnessing, for instance, novel extended reality interfaces. There are two obvious challenges in the design of serious games: (1) Turning learning objectives into games and (2) establishing a playful, rewarding game-loop that ensures the learning objectives are met. The paths to address these challenges vary depending on the learning objectives and contexts, the deployment technology and the available resources for development. The purpose of this chapter is to elaborate on the underlying conceptual and technological challenges and to present perspectives on theoretical and practical solutions.

  @inbook{Chetitah:0aa, abstract = {More than 50 years have passed since the first serious computer games appeared. Their general goal is to motivate players to learn and to improve their learning outcomes. To this end, the players are given specific tasks and challenges in entertaining and engaging contexts. Serious games have evolved from a traditional video game setup to diverse, playful, real-time interactive systems also harnessing, for instance, novel extended reality interfaces. There are two obvious challenges in the design of serious games: (1) Turning learning objectives into games and (2) establishing a playful, rewarding game-loop that ensures the learning objectives are met. The paths to address these challenges vary depending on the learning objectives and contexts, the deployment technology and the available resources for development. The purpose of this chapter is to elaborate on the underlying conceptual and technological challenges and to present perspectives on theoretical and practical solutions.}, author = {Chetitah, Mounsif and von Mammen, Sebastian and Liarokapis, Fotis}, booktitle = {Human-Computer Interaction in Various Application Domains}, edition = 1, editor = {Stephanidis, Constantine and Salvendy, Gavriel}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, pages = {194–213}, publisher = {CRC Press, Taylor \& Francis Group}, series = {HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION: FOUNDATIONS, METHODS, TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS}, title = {Emerging Technologies and Frameworks for Serious Games}, type = {Publication}, year = 2024 }
• Investigation of Container Network Function Deployment Costs in the Edge Cloud. TrungKien, Nguyen; Simonovski, Filip; Loh, Frank; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Huu Thanh, Nguyen. In 27th Conference on Innovation in Clouds, Internet and Networks (ICIN). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-2, author = {TrungKien, Nguyen and Simonovski, Filip and Loh, Frank and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Huu Thanh, Nguyen}, booktitle = {27th Conference on Innovation in Clouds, Internet and Networks (ICIN)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {03}, title = {Investigation of Container Network Function Deployment Costs in the Edge Cloud}, year = 2024 }
• Industry Use Case Viability Study with Performance Models for Satellite Computing Networks. Poignée, Fabian; Loh, Frank; Zeiger, Florian; Sauer, Markus; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2024 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking). Thessaloniki, Greece, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-6, address = {Thessaloniki, Greece}, author = {Poignée, Fabian and Loh, Frank and Zeiger, Florian and Sauer, Markus and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2024 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {Industry Use Case Viability Study with Performance Models for Satellite Computing Networks}, year = 2024 }
• Recent Advances in Procedural Generation of Buildings: From Diversity to Integration. Kutzias, Damian; von Mammen, Sebastian. In IEEE Trans. Games, 16(1), pp. 16–35. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{Kutzias:2024ac, author = {Kutzias, Damian and von Mammen, Sebastian}, journal = {IEEE Trans. Games}, keywords = {myown}, month = {03}, number = 1, pages = {16-35}, title = {Recent Advances in Procedural Generation of Buildings: From Diversity to Integration.}, volume = 16, year = 2024 }
• Generative Inpainting for Shapley-Value-Based Anomaly Explanation. Tritscher, Julian; Lissmann, Philip; Wolf, Maximilian; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas; Schl{{ö}}r, Daniel. In Explainable Artificial Intelligence - Second World Conference, xAI 2024, Valletta, Malta, July 17-19, 2024, Proceedings, Part {I}, Vol. 2153 of Communications in Computer and Information Science, L. Longo, S. Lapuschkin, C. Seifert (eds.), pp. 230–243. Springer, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{tritscher2024generative, author = {Tritscher, Julian and Lissmann, Philip and Wolf, Maximilian and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas and Schl{\"{o}}r, Daniel}, booktitle = {Explainable Artificial Intelligence - Second World Conference, xAI 2024, Valletta, Malta, July 17-19, 2024, Proceedings, Part {I}}, editor = {Longo, Luca and Lapuschkin, Sebastian and Seifert, Christin}, keywords = 2024, pages = {230–243}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Communications in Computer and Information Science}, title = {Generative Inpainting for Shapley-Value-Based Anomaly Explanation}, volume = 2153, year = 2024 }
• A possible German CubeSat Contribution to RAMSES. Kayal, Hakan; Männel, Jonathan; Neumann, Tobias; Riegler, Clemens. In DLR Science@Apophis Workshop. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{hakan2024possible, author = {Kayal, Hakan and Männel, Jonathan and Neumann, Tobias and Riegler, Clemens}, booktitle = {DLR Science@Apophis Workshop}, keywords = {myown}, title = {A possible German CubeSat Contribution to RAMSES}, year = 2024 }
• Investigating the Mere Exposure Effect in Relation to Perceived Eeriness and Humaneness of a Social Robot. Fiolka, Anastasia Klara; Donnermann, Melissa; Lugrin, Birgit. In Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2024). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{10.1145/3610978.3640665, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Fiolka, Anastasia Klara and Donnermann, Melissa and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2024)}, keywords = {mi}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Investigating the Mere Exposure Effect in Relation to Perceived Eeriness and Humaneness of a Social Robot}, year = 2024 }
• Reiteratively Designing a Robotic Concierge with Different Stakeholders – a Multi-Methods Field Study. Lein, Martina; Donnermann, Melissa; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lugrin, Birgit. In 20th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO 2024). IEEE, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{lein2024reiteratively, author = {Lein, Martina and Donnermann, Melissa and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {20th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Its Social Impacts (ARSO 2024)}, keywords = {lein}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Reiteratively Designing a Robotic Concierge with Different Stakeholders – a Multi-Methods Field Study}, year = 2024 }
• Constrained and Ordered Level Planarity Parameterized by the Number of Levels. Bla\v{z}ej, Vacl{á}v; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Sieper, Marie Diana; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 40th Annu. Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG’24), of LIPIcs, W. Mulzer, J. M. Phillips (eds.). Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{ü}r Informatik, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{bkkswz-colpp-SoCG24, author = {Bla\v{z}ej, Vacl{\'a}v and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Sieper, Marie Diana and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 40th Annu. Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG'24)}, editor = {Mulzer, Wolfgang and Phillips, Jeff M.}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Constrained and Ordered Level Planarity Parameterized by the Number of Levels}, year = 2024 }
• Towards an Altered Body Image Through the Exposure to a Modulated Self in Virtual Reality. Wolf, Erik; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), pp. 857–858. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Self-exposure using modulated embodied avatars in virtual reality (VR) may support a positive body image. However, further investigation is needed to address methodological challenges and to understand the concrete effects, including their quantification. We present an iteratively refined paradigm for studying the tangible effects of exposure to a modulated self in VR. Participants perform body-centered movements in front of a virtual mirror, encountering their photorealistically personalized embodied avatar with increased, decreased, or unchanged body size. Additionally, we propose different body size estimation tasks conducted in reality and VR before and after exposure to assess participants' putative-elicited perceptual adaptations.

  @inproceedings{wolf2024towards, abstract = {Self-exposure using modulated embodied avatars in virtual reality (VR) may support a positive body image. However, further investigation is needed to address methodological challenges and to understand the concrete effects, including their quantification. We present an iteratively refined paradigm for studying the tangible effects of exposure to a modulated self in VR. Participants perform body-centered movements in front of a virtual mirror, encountering their photorealistically personalized embodied avatar with increased, decreased, or unchanged body size. Additionally, we propose different body size estimation tasks conducted in reality and VR before and after exposure to assess participants' putative-elicited perceptual adaptations.}, author = {Wolf, Erik and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {vitras}, pages = {857-858}, title = {Towards an Altered Body Image Through the Exposure to a Modulated Self in Virtual Reality}, year = 2024 }
• Proteus Effect or Bodily Affordance? The Influence of Virtual High-Heels on Gait Behavior. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Birnstiel, Sandra; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Virtual Reality, 28(2), p. 81. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Shoes are an important part of the fashion industry, stereotypically affect our self-awareness as well as external perception, and can even biomechanically modify our gait pattern. Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) enables users not only to explore virtual environments, but also to control an avatar as a proxy for themselves. These avatars can wear any kind of shoe which might similarly affect self-awareness due to the Proteus Effect and even cause a bodily affordance to change the gait pattern. Bodily affordance describes a behavioral change in accordance with the expected constraints of the avatar a user is embodied with. In this article, we present the results of three user studies investigating potential changes in the gait pattern evoked by wearing virtual high-heels. Two user studies targeted female participants and one user study focused male participants. The participants wore either virtual sneakers or virtual high-heels while constantly wearing sneakers or socks in reality. To measure the gait pattern, the participants walked on a treadmill that also was added to the virtual environment. We measured significant differences in stride length and in the flexion of the hips and knees at heel strike and partly at toe off. Also, participants reported to walk more comfortably in the virtual sneakers in contrast to the virtual high-heels. This indicates a strong acceptance of the virtual shoes as their real shoes and hence suggests the existence of a bodily affordance. While sparking a discussion about the boundaries as well as aspects of the Proteus Effect and providing another insight into the effects of embodiment in VR, our results might also be important for researchers and developers.

  @article{oberdorfer2024proteus, abstract = {Shoes are an important part of the fashion industry, stereotypically affect our self-awareness as well as external perception, and can even biomechanically modify our gait pattern. Immersive Virtual Reality (VR) enables users not only to explore virtual environments, but also to control an avatar as a proxy for themselves. These avatars can wear any kind of shoe which might similarly affect self-awareness due to the Proteus Effect and even cause a bodily affordance to change the gait pattern. Bodily affordance describes a behavioral change in accordance with the expected constraints of the avatar a user is embodied with. In this article, we present the results of three user studies investigating potential changes in the gait pattern evoked by wearing virtual high-heels. Two user studies targeted female participants and one user study focused male participants. The participants wore either virtual sneakers or virtual high-heels while constantly wearing sneakers or socks in reality. To measure the gait pattern, the participants walked on a treadmill that also was added to the virtual environment. We measured significant differences in stride length and in the flexion of the hips and knees at heel strike and partly at toe off. Also, participants reported to walk more comfortably in the virtual sneakers in contrast to the virtual high-heels. This indicates a strong acceptance of the virtual shoes as their real shoes and hence suggests the existence of a bodily affordance. While sparking a discussion about the boundaries as well as aspects of the Proteus Effect and providing another insight into the effects of embodiment in VR, our results might also be important for researchers and developers.}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Birnstiel, Sandra and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Virtual Reality}, keywords = {dark-sides-vr}, number = 2, pages = 81, title = {Proteus Effect or Bodily Affordance? The Influence of Virtual High-Heels on Gait Behavior}, volume = 28, year = 2024 }
• Effects of Nonverbal Communication of Virtual Agents on Social Pressure and Encouragement in VR. Martinez Pankotsch, Pascal; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VR ’24). IEEE, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Our study investigated how virtual agents impact users in challenging VR environments, exploring if nonverbal animations affect social pressure, positive encouragement, and trust in 30 female participants. Despite showing signs of pressure and support during the experimental trials, we could not find significant differences in post-exposure measurements of social pressure and encouragement, interpersonal trust, and well-being. While inconclusive, the findings suggest potential, indicating the need for further research with improved animations and a larger sample size for validation.

  @inproceedings{martinezpankotsch2024effects, abstract = {Our study investigated how virtual agents impact users in challenging VR environments, exploring if nonverbal animations affect social pressure, positive encouragement, and trust in 30 female participants. Despite showing signs of pressure and support during the experimental trials, we could not find significant differences in post-exposure measurements of social pressure and encouragement, interpersonal trust, and well-being. While inconclusive, the findings suggest potential, indicating the need for further research with improved animations and a larger sample size for validation.}, author = {Martinez Pankotsch, Pascal and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VR '24)}, keywords = {dark-sides-vr}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {Effects of Nonverbal Communication of Virtual Agents on Social Pressure and Encouragement in VR}, year = 2024 }
• Handling Interfaces for the Procedural Generation of Complete Buildings. Kutzias, Damian; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Proceedings of ICSE GAS Workshop 2024, Vol. 8th International Workshop on Games and Software Engineering of Emerging Advanced Technologies for Game Engineering. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Kutzias:2024ab, author = {Kutzias, Damian and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of ICSE GAS Workshop 2024}, keywords = {myown}, series = {Emerging Advanced Technologies for Game Engineering}, title = {Handling Interfaces for the Procedural Generation of Complete Buildings}, volume = {8th International Workshop on Games and Software Engineering}, year = 2024 }
• Anti-aliasing Techniques in Virtual Reality: A User Study with Perceptual Pairwise Comparison Ranking Scheme. Waldow, Kristoffer; Scholz, Jonas; Misiak, Martin; Fuhrmann, Arnulph; Roth, Daniel; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In GI VR/AR Workshop, pp. 10–18420. Gesellschaft f{ü}r Informatik eV, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{waldow2024anti, author = {Waldow, Kristoffer and Scholz, Jonas and Misiak, Martin and Fuhrmann, Arnulph and Roth, Daniel and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {GI VR/AR Workshop}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, organization = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik eV}, pages = {10–18420}, title = {Anti-aliasing Techniques in Virtual Reality: A User Study with Perceptual Pairwise Comparison Ranking Scheme}, year = 2024 }
• Modelling and Optimizing a Graph-based Settlement Delineation and Analysis Workflow. Gruber, Lorenz; Herbst, Nikolas; Kounev, Samuel; Esch, Thomas; Nguyen, Thanh. In Softwaretechnik-Trends Band 44, Heft 4. Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V., 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @incollection{incollection, author = {Gruber, Lorenz and Herbst, Nikolas and Kounev, Samuel and Esch, Thomas and Nguyen, Thanh}, booktitle = {Softwaretechnik-Trends Band 44, Heft 4}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Modelling and Optimizing a Graph-based Settlement Delineation and Analysis Workflow}, year = 2024 }
• Data Generation for Explainable Occupational Fraud Detection. Tritscher, Julian; Wolf, Maximilian; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas; Schl{{ö}}r, Daniel. In {KI} 2024: Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 47th German Conference on AI, W{{ü}}rzburg, Germany, September 25-27, 2024, Proceedings, Vol. 14992 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, A. Hotho, S. Rudolph (eds.), pp. 246–259. Springer, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{tritscher2024generation, author = {Tritscher, Julian and Wolf, Maximilian and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas and Schl{\"{o}}r, Daniel}, booktitle = {{KI} 2024: Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 47th German Conference on AI, W{\"{u}}rzburg, Germany, September 25-27, 2024, Proceedings}, editor = {Hotho, Andreas and Rudolph, Sebastian}, keywords = 2024, pages = {246–259}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Data Generation for Explainable Occupational Fraud Detection}, volume = 14992, year = 2024 }
• Design and evaluation of an UI for astronauts to control mobile robots on planetary surfaces. Arzberger, J.; Zevering, J.; Arzberger, F.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC ’24), pp. 74–81. Paredes de Coura, Portugal, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  With an advancing plan to send humans on planetary missions again, there will be an increasing need for direct on-surface robot control as interaction between robots and humans will increase with increasing sophistication and complexity of tasks. Remote control from Earth with long delays in communication will not be possible through the direct interaction on the surface. Although a higher degree of autonomy of the robots themselves will also play a role, there is a fundamental lack of interfaces for astronauts to control robots on future planetary missions. This research emerged from participation in the AMADEE-24 Mars simulation by the Austrian Space Forum, which focus on researching future human-robot missions on Mars. We designed and evaluated user interface (UI) prototypes for mobile robots operated by astronauts by using a user-centered design approach and incorporated astronaut feedback. We tested the resulting functional prototype in hypothetical scenarios which demonstrated in a low error rate. This affirms the effectiveness of customized user interfaces for specific mission needs. We advocate for adaptability and user involvement to enhance human-robot interaction for planetary exploration. This work not only addresses the need for intuitive robot control systems but also presents potential UI layouts for future human-robotic mission interfaces.

  @inproceedings{ICARSC2024, abstract = {With an advancing plan to send humans on planetary missions again, there will be an increasing need for direct on-surface robot control as interaction between robots and humans will increase with increasing sophistication and complexity of tasks. Remote control from Earth with long delays in communication will not be possible through the direct interaction on the surface. Although a higher degree of autonomy of the robots themselves will also play a role, there is a fundamental lack of interfaces for astronauts to control robots on future planetary missions. This research emerged from participation in the AMADEE-24 Mars simulation by the Austrian Space Forum, which focus on researching future human-robot missions on Mars. We designed and evaluated user interface (UI) prototypes for mobile robots operated by astronauts by using a user-centered design approach and incorporated astronaut feedback. We tested the resulting functional prototype in hypothetical scenarios which demonstrated in a low error rate. This affirms the effectiveness of customized user interfaces for specific mission needs. We advocate for adaptability and user involvement to enhance human-robot interaction for planetary exploration. This work not only addresses the need for intuitive robot control systems but also presents potential UI layouts for future human-robotic mission interfaces.}, address = {Paredes de Coura, Portugal}, author = {Arzberger, J. and Zevering, J. and Arzberger, F. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC '24)}, keywords = {control;Layout;Prototypes;Human-robot}, pages = {74–81}, title = {Design and evaluation of an UI for astronauts to control mobile robots on planetary surfaces}, year = 2024 }
• Novel On-Board Data Processing Strategies on Nanosatellite SONATE-2. Maurer, Andreas; Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Schwarz, Tobias. In Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S). Palma de Mallorca, Spain, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Reliable on-board data handling is the backbone of every successful satellite mission. New scientific experiments can only be validated, and results obtained, if the recorded scientific data reaches the ground completely and correctly. For this, several special techniques were applied during the implementation of the SONATE-2 mission. Generic communication protocols were defined between all payloads, subsystems, and the On-board data handling (OBDH) of SONATE-2 to reduce the overall complexity of the data management system. With the help of these protocols, the development effort could be reduced, and the data transfers simplified. In addition, this allowed the communication interfaces to be simulated and quickly tested during development with a desktop computer using an OBDH-Simulator.

  @conference{maurerandreas2024novel, abstract = {Reliable on-board data handling is the backbone of every successful satellite mission. New scientific experiments can only be validated, and results obtained, if the recorded scientific data reaches the ground completely and correctly. For this, several special techniques were applied during the implementation of the SONATE-2 mission. Generic communication protocols were defined between all payloads, subsystems, and the On-board data handling (OBDH) of SONATE-2 to reduce the overall complexity of the data management system. With the help of these protocols, the development effort could be reduced, and the data transfers simplified. In addition, this allowed the communication interfaces to be simulated and quickly tested during development with a desktop computer using an OBDH-Simulator.}, address = {Palma de Mallorca, Spain}, author = {Maurer, Andreas and Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S)}, keywords = {obdh}, title = {Novel On-Board Data Processing Strategies on Nanosatellite SONATE-2}, year = 2024 }
• Morphing Graph Drawings in the Presence of Point Obstacles. Firman, Oksana; Hegemann, Tim; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Sieper, Marie Diana; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 50th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM), Vol. 14519 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, H. Fernau, S. Gaspers, R. Klasing (eds.), pp. 240–254. Springer-Verlag, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{fhkkswz-mgdppo-SOFSEM24, author = {Firman, Oksana and Hegemann, Tim and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Sieper, Marie Diana and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 50th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM)}, editor = {Fernau, Henning and Gaspers, Serge and Klasing, Ralf}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {240–254}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Morphing Graph Drawings in the Presence of Point Obstacles}, volume = 14519, year = 2024 }
• Constrained and Ordered Level Planarity Parameterized by the Number of Levels. Blažej, Vacláv; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Sieper, Marie Diana; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 40th Annu. Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG), Vol. 293 of LIPIcs, W. Mulzer, J. M. Phillips (eds.), pp. 21:1–16. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{bkkswz-colpp-SoCG24, author = {Blažej, Vacláv and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Sieper, Marie Diana and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 40th Annu. Sympos. Comput. Geom. (SoCG)}, editor = {Mulzer, Wolfgang and Phillips, Jeff M.}, keywords = {level_planarity}, pages = {21:1–16}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Constrained and Ordered Level Planarity Parameterized by the Number of Levels}, volume = 293, year = 2024 }
• Resource Demand Profiling of Monolithic Workflows. Rohwer, Ivo; Schwinger, Maximilian; Herbst, Nikolas; Friedl, Peter; Stephan, Michael; Kounev, Samuel. In Companion of the 15th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, pp. 222–225. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{rohwer2024resource, author = {Rohwer, Ivo and Schwinger, Maximilian and Herbst, Nikolas and Friedl, Peter and Stephan, Michael and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Companion of the 15th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {t_workshop}, pages = {222–225}, title = {Resource Demand Profiling of Monolithic Workflows}, year = 2024 }
• Comprehensive Exploration of Synthetic Data Generation: A Survey. Bauer, André; Trapp, Simon; Stenger, Michael; Leppich, Robert; Kounev, Samuel; Leznik, Mark; Chard, Kyle; Foster, Ian. p. 103. arXiv preprint, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{bauer2024comprehensive, author = {Bauer, André and Trapp, Simon and Stenger, Michael and Leppich, Robert and Kounev, Samuel and Leznik, Mark and Chard, Kyle and Foster, Ian}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = 103, publisher = {arXiv preprint}, title = {Comprehensive Exploration of Synthetic Data Generation: A Survey}, year = 2024 }
• {MACRO}: A Multi-Head Attentional Convolutional Recurrent Network for the Classification of Co-Occurring Diseases in 12-Lead {ECGs}. Borst, Vanessa; Leppich, Robert; Kounev, Samuel. In 2024 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI), pp. 1–8. IEEE, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{borst2024MACRO, author = {Borst, Vanessa and Leppich, Robert and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics (BHI)}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, note = {Acceptance Rate: 24.4%}, organization = {IEEE}, pages = {1-8}, title = {{MACRO}: A Multi-Head Attentional Convolutional Recurrent Network for the Classification of Co-Occurring Diseases in 12-Lead {ECGs}}, year = 2024 }
• Measurement, Modeling, and Prediction of Network Quality with a Focus on IoT. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Herrnleben, Stefan. PhD dissertation. Universit{ä}t W{ü}rzburg, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @phdthesis{Herrnleben2024, author = {Herrnleben, Stefan}, keywords = {descartes}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, title = {Measurement, Modeling, and Prediction of Network Quality with a Focus on IoT}, type = {doctoralthesis}, year = 2024 }
• Plan the Access? Generic Hardware Independent Energy Consumption and Efficiency Model for Different LoRaWAN Channel Access Approaches. Loh, Frank; Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Internet of Things Journal. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{info3-article-2024-3, author = {Loh, Frank and Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {IEEE Internet of Things Journal}, keywords = {greenfield}, month = {02}, title = {Plan the Access? Generic Hardware Independent Energy Consumption and Efficiency Model for Different LoRaWAN Channel Access Approaches}, year = 2024 }
• Morphing Graph Drawings in the Presence of Point Obstacles. Firman, Oksana; Hegemann, Tim; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Sieper, Marie Diana; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 50th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory & Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM’24), Vol. 14519 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, H. Fernau, S. Gaspers, R. Klasing (eds.), pp. 240–254. Springer-Verlag, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{fhkkswz-mgdppo-SOFSEM24, author = {Firman, Oksana and Hegemann, Tim and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Sieper, Marie Diana and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 50th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM'24)}, editor = {Fernau, Henning and Gaspers, Serge and Klasing, Ralf}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {240–254}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Morphing Graph Drawings in the Presence of Point Obstacles}, volume = 14519, year = 2024 }
• Novel System Simulation Framework for HBM2 FPGA Platforms. Hernandez, Hector Gerardo Muñoz; Iskandar, Veronia; Steiner, Lukas; Holzinger, Philipp; Jung, Matthias; Goehringer, Diana; Huebner, Michael; Wehn, Norbert; Reichenbach, Marc. Springer, 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{hernandez2024novel, author = {Hernandez, Hector Gerardo Muñoz and Iskandar, Veronia and Steiner, Lukas and Holzinger, Philipp and Jung, Matthias and Goehringer, Diana and Huebner, Michael and Wehn, Norbert and Reichenbach, Marc}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Novel System Simulation Framework for HBM2 FPGA Platforms}, year = 2024 }
• Early Results and In-Flight Experience of the 6U-Mission Sonate-2. Schwarz, Tobias; Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas. In Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S). Palma de Mallorca, Spain, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  SONATE-2 is a 6U+ CubeSat for technology demonstration developed at the University of Würzburg. It was launched on SpaceX' Transporter-10 mission into a 527x505 km Sun synchronous orbit on March 4, 2024.

  @inproceedings{schwarzEARLYRESULTSINFLIGHT2024, abstract = {SONATE-2 is a 6U+ CubeSat for technology demonstration developed at the University of Würzburg. It was launched on SpaceX' Transporter-10 mission into a 527x505 km Sun synchronous orbit on March 4, 2024.}, address = {Palma de Mallorca, Spain}, author = {Schwarz, Tobias and Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas}, booktitle = {Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S)}, keywords = {cubesat}, title = {Early Results and In-Flight Experience of the 6U-Mission Sonate-2}, year = 2024 }
• Exploring Agent-User Personality Similarity and Dissimilarity for Virtual Reality Psychotherapy. Döllinger, Nina; Topel, Jessica; Botsch, Mario; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Lugrin, Jean-Luc. In 2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW). 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Imaginary self-encounters are a common approach in psychotherapy. Recent virtual reality advancements enable innovative approaches to enhanced self-encounters using photorealistic personalized Doppelgangers (DG). Yet, next to appearance, similarity in body language could be a great driver of self-identification with a DG or a generic agent. One cost-efficient and time-saving approach could be personality-enhanced animations. We present a pilot study evaluating the effects of personality-enhanced body language in DGs and generic agents. Eleven participants evaluated a Photorealistic DG and a Generic Agent, animated in a seated position to simulate four personality types: Low and High Extraversion and Low and High Emotional Stability. Participants rated the agents' personalities and their self-identification with them. We found an overall positive relationship between a calculated personality similarity score, self-attribution, and perceived behavior-similarity. Perceived appearance-similarity was affected by personality similarity only in generic agents, indicating the potential of body language to provoke a feeling of similarity even in dissimilar-appearing agents.

  @inproceedings{dollinger2024exploring, abstract = {Imaginary self-encounters are a common approach in psychotherapy. Recent virtual reality advancements enable innovative approaches to enhanced self-encounters using photorealistic personalized Doppelgangers (DG). Yet, next to appearance, similarity in body language could be a great driver of self-identification with a DG or a generic agent. One cost-efficient and time-saving approach could be personality-enhanced animations. We present a pilot study evaluating the effects of personality-enhanced body language in DGs and generic agents. Eleven participants evaluated a Photorealistic DG and a Generic Agent, animated in a seated position to simulate four personality types: Low and High Extraversion and Low and High Emotional Stability. Participants rated the agents' personalities and their self-identification with them. We found an overall positive relationship between a calculated personality similarity score, self-attribution, and perceived behavior-similarity. Perceived appearance-similarity was affected by personality similarity only in generic agents, indicating the potential of body language to provoke a feeling of similarity even in dissimilar-appearing agents.}, author = {Döllinger, Nina and Topel, Jessica and Botsch, Mario and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Lugrin, Jean-Luc}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, title = {Exploring Agent-User Personality Similarity and Dissimilarity for Virtual Reality Psychotherapy}, year = 2024 }
• Serverless Computing: An Old Wine in New Bottles or More?. Kounev, Samuel. Keynote Talk at 24th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing, Philadelphia, USA, 2024, May 8.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Market analysts are agreed that serverless computing has strong market potential, with projected compound annual growth rates varying between 21% and 28% through 2028 and a projected market value of $36.8 billion by that time. Although serverless computing has gained significant attention in industry and academia over the past years, there is still no consensus about its unique distinguishing characteristics and precise understanding of how these characteristics differ from classical cloud computing. For example, there is no wide agreement on whether serverless is solely a set of requirements from the cloud user’s perspective or it should also mandate specific implementation choices on the provider side, such as implementing an autoscaling mechanism to achieve elasticity. Similarly, there is no agreement on whether serverless is just the operational part, or it should also include specific programming models, interfaces, or calling protocols. In this talk, we seek to dispel this confusion by evaluating the essential conceptual characteristics of serverless computing as a paradigm, while putting the various terms around it into perspective. We examine how the term serverless computing, and related terms, are used today. We explain the historical evolution leading to serverless computing, starting with mainframe virtualization in the 1960 through to Grid and cloud computing all the way up to today. We review existing cloud computing service models, including IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, CaaS, FaaS, and BaaS, discussing how they relate to the serverless paradigm. In the second part of talk, we focus on performance challenges in serverless computing both from the user’s perspective (finding the optimal size of serverless functions) as well as from the provider’s perspective (ensuring predictable and fast container start times coupled with fine-granular and accurate elastic scaling mechanisms).

  @misc{kounev2024ccgrid, abstract = {Market analysts are agreed that serverless computing has strong market potential, with projected compound annual growth rates varying between 21% and 28% through 2028 and a projected market value of $36.8 billion by that time. Although serverless computing has gained significant attention in industry and academia over the past years, there is still no consensus about its unique distinguishing characteristics and precise understanding of how these characteristics differ from classical cloud computing. For example, there is no wide agreement on whether serverless is solely a set of requirements from the cloud user’s perspective or it should also mandate specific implementation choices on the provider side, such as implementing an autoscaling mechanism to achieve elasticity. Similarly, there is no agreement on whether serverless is just the operational part, or it should also include specific programming models, interfaces, or calling protocols. In this talk, we seek to dispel this confusion by evaluating the essential conceptual characteristics of serverless computing as a paradigm, while putting the various terms around it into perspective. We examine how the term serverless computing, and related terms, are used today. We explain the historical evolution leading to serverless computing, starting with mainframe virtualization in the 1960 through to Grid and cloud computing all the way up to today. We review existing cloud computing service models, including IaaS, PaaS, SaaS, CaaS, FaaS, and BaaS, discussing how they relate to the serverless paradigm. In the second part of talk, we focus on performance challenges in serverless computing both from the user’s perspective (finding the optimal size of serverless functions) as well as from the provider’s perspective (ensuring predictable and fast container start times coupled with fine-granular and accurate elastic scaling mechanisms).}, address = {Philadelphia, USA}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {05}, note = {https://2024.ccgrid-conference.org/speakers/skounev/}, publisher = {Keynote Talk at 24th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing}, title = {Serverless Computing: An Old Wine in New Bottles or More?}, year = 2024 }
• A Framework for Categorizing Product Configuration Systems (Position Paper). Baumeister, Joachim; Herud, Konstantin; Ley, Lukas; Reutelshoefer, Jochen. In LWDA’24: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{BHLR:24, author = {Baumeister, Joachim and Herud, Konstantin and Ley, Lukas and Reutelshoefer, Jochen}, booktitle = {LWDA'24: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen}, keywords = {wiki}, title = {A Framework for Categorizing Product Configuration Systems (Position Paper)}, year = 2024 }
• A Data-Driven Model for Range Sensors. Spiess, Florian; Strobel, Norbert; Kaupp, Tobias; Kounev, Samuel. In International Journal of Semantic Computing, pp. 1–18. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In this paper, an analysis of the precision of range sensors is presented. Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data from three different sensors (HLS-LFCD-LDS, SICK TIM561, and Kinect V2), stereo data from the Realsense D435, and structured light data from both Kinect V1 for Xbox and the Xtion PRO Live were analyzed regarding the influence of range, incident angle to the surface, and surface material. In addition, a comparison with standard deviation models based on vendor-provided specifications was performed. We found that the vendor specifications are in general not specific enough to facilitate accurate sensor simulations. Therefore, we developed a data-driven model for range precision. Our model can be used to create realistic sensor simulations and to develop robot navigation algorithms weighing sensor range readings based on the precision.

  @article{doi:10.1142/S1793351X24300012, abstract = {In this paper, an analysis of the precision of range sensors is presented. Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data from three different sensors (HLS-LFCD-LDS, SICK TIM561, and Kinect V2), stereo data from the Realsense D435, and structured light data from both Kinect V1 for Xbox and the Xtion PRO Live were analyzed regarding the influence of range, incident angle to the surface, and surface material. In addition, a comparison with standard deviation models based on vendor-provided specifications was performed. We found that the vendor specifications are in general not specific enough to facilitate accurate sensor simulations. Therefore, we developed a data-driven model for range precision. Our model can be used to create realistic sensor simulations and to develop robot navigation algorithms weighing sensor range readings based on the precision.}, author = {Spiess, Florian and Strobel, Norbert and Kaupp, Tobias and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {International Journal of Semantic Computing}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {02}, pages = {1-18}, title = {A Data-Driven Model for Range Sensors}, year = 2024 }
• CompTrails: comparing hypotheses across behavioral networks. Koopmann, Tobias; Becker, Martin; Lemmerich, Florian; Hotho, Andreas. In Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The term Behavioral Networks describes networks that contain relational information on human behavior. This ranges from social networks that contain friendships or cooperations between individuals, to navigational networks that contain geographical or web navigation, and many more. Understanding the forces driving behavior within these networks can be beneficial to improving the underlying network, for example, by generating new hyperlinks on websites, or by proposing new connections and friends on social networks. Previous approaches considered different hypotheses on a single network and evaluated which hypothesis fits best. These hypotheses can represent human intuition and expert opinions or be based on previous insights. In this work, we extend these approaches to enable the comparison of a single hypothesis between multiple networks. We unveil several issues of naive approaches that potentially impact comparisons and lead to undesired results. Based on these findings, we propose a framework with five flexible components that allow addressing specific analysis goals tailored to the application scenario. We show the benefits and limits of our approach by applying it to synthetic data and several real-world datasets, including web navigation, bibliometric navigation, and geographic navigation. Our work supports practitioners and researchers with the aim of understanding similarities and differences in human behavior between environments.

  @article{Koopmann2024, abstract = {The term Behavioral Networks describes networks that contain relational information on human behavior. This ranges from social networks that contain friendships or cooperations between individuals, to navigational networks that contain geographical or web navigation, and many more. Understanding the forces driving behavior within these networks can be beneficial to improving the underlying network, for example, by generating new hyperlinks on websites, or by proposing new connections and friends on social networks. Previous approaches considered different hypotheses on a single network and evaluated which hypothesis fits best. These hypotheses can represent human intuition and expert opinions or be based on previous insights. In this work, we extend these approaches to enable the comparison of a single hypothesis between multiple networks. We unveil several issues of naive approaches that potentially impact comparisons and lead to undesired results. Based on these findings, we propose a framework with five flexible components that allow addressing specific analysis goals tailored to the application scenario. We show the benefits and limits of our approach by applying it to synthetic data and several real-world datasets, including web navigation, bibliometric navigation, and geographic navigation. Our work supports practitioners and researchers with the aim of understanding similarities and differences in human behavior between environments.}, author = {Koopmann, Tobias and Becker, Martin and Lemmerich, Florian and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery}, keywords = {hypotheses}, month = {01}, title = {CompTrails: comparing hypotheses across behavioral networks}, year = 2024 }
• GrINd: Grid Interpolation Network for Scattered Observations. Dulny, Andrzej; Heinisch, Paul; Hotho, Andreas; Krause, Anna. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @preprint{dulny2024grindPre, author = {Dulny, Andrzej and Heinisch, Paul and Hotho, Andreas and Krause, Anna}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2024, title = {GrINd: Grid Interpolation Network for Scattered Observations}, volume = {abs/2403.19570}, year = 2024 }
• Investigation of Serverless Consumption and Performance in Multi-Access Edge Computing. TrungKien, Nguyen; Loh, Frank; TrungKiem, Nguyen; MinhChau, Nguyen; Huu Thanh, Nguyen; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In The 38th International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2024-1, author = {TrungKien, Nguyen and Loh, Frank and TrungKiem, Nguyen and MinhChau, Nguyen and Huu Thanh, Nguyen and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {The 38th International Conference on Information Networking (ICOIN)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {01}, title = {Investigation of Serverless Consumption and Performance in Multi-Access Edge Computing}, year = 2024 }
• Monitoring the Quality of Streaming and Internet of Things Applications. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Loh, Frank. PhD dissertation. University of Würzburg, 2024, January.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @phdthesis{info3-dissertation-2024-1, author = {Loh, Frank}, keywords = {myown}, month = {01}, school = {University of Würzburg}, title = {Monitoring the Quality of Streaming and Internet of Things Applications}, year = 2024 }
• Recommender-based User Guidance Framework. Babu, Sooraj K; Chetitah, Mounsif; von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and eXtended and Virtual Reality (AIxVR), pp. 275–280. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  User guidance is crucial for a seamless user experience in a software system. This paper explores the need for effective user guidance mechanisms to enhance user experience and reduce human errors and frustration. In order to do that, we formalise and symbolically represent user guidance for versatile applications across diverse contexts by considering the knowledge base on users and software systems. We comprehensively analyse four distinct categories of user guidance mechanisms, namely, familiarisation, continuation, navigation, and customisation, with examples and expected data needed for each category. In addition, we investigate whether a recommender system (RS) can function as an appropriate tool to intelligently guide a user through a virtual reality (VR) authoring platform and describe the implementation of the corresponding RS-based guidance mechanism that aligns with the proposed formalisation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the present state of affairs and prospects for future research.

  @inproceedings{Babu:2024aa, abstract = {User guidance is crucial for a seamless user experience in a software system. This paper explores the need for effective user guidance mechanisms to enhance user experience and reduce human errors and frustration. In order to do that, we formalise and symbolically represent user guidance for versatile applications across diverse contexts by considering the knowledge base on users and software systems. We comprehensively analyse four distinct categories of user guidance mechanisms, namely, familiarisation, continuation, navigation, and customisation, with examples and expected data needed for each category. In addition, we investigate whether a recommender system (RS) can function as an appropriate tool to intelligently guide a user through a virtual reality (VR) authoring platform and describe the implementation of the corresponding RS-based guidance mechanism that aligns with the proposed formalisation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the present state of affairs and prospects for future research.}, author = {Babu, Sooraj K and Chetitah, Mounsif and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and eXtended and Virtual Reality (AIxVR)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {01}, pages = {275-280}, title = {Recommender-based User Guidance Framework}, year = 2024 }
• Unveiling Temporal Performance Deviation: Leveraging Clustering in Microservices Performance Analysis. Bauer, André; Dittus, Timo; Straesser, Martin; Kamatar, Alok; Baughman, Matt; Beierlieb, Lukas; Hadry, Marius; Grillmeyer, Daniel; Lubas, Yannik; Kounev, Samuel; Foster, Ian; Chard, Kyle. In Companion of the 15th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’24 Companion, pp. 72–76. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  As the market for cloud computing continues to grow, an increasing number of users are deploying applications as microservices. The shift introduces unique challenges in identifying and addressing performance issues, particularly within large and complex infrastructures. To address this challenge, we propose a methodology that unveils temporal performance deviations in microservices by clustering containers based on their performance characteristics at different time intervals. Showcasing our methodology on the Alibaba dataset, we found both stable and dynamic performance patterns, providing a valuable tool for enhancing overall performance and reliability in modern application landscapes.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3629527.3651843, abstract = {As the market for cloud computing continues to grow, an increasing number of users are deploying applications as microservices. The shift introduces unique challenges in identifying and addressing performance issues, particularly within large and complex infrastructures. To address this challenge, we propose a methodology that unveils temporal performance deviations in microservices by clustering containers based on their performance characteristics at different time intervals. Showcasing our methodology on the Alibaba dataset, we found both stable and dynamic performance patterns, providing a valuable tool for enhancing overall performance and reliability in modern application landscapes.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Bauer, André and Dittus, Timo and Straesser, Martin and Kamatar, Alok and Baughman, Matt and Beierlieb, Lukas and Hadry, Marius and Grillmeyer, Daniel and Lubas, Yannik and Kounev, Samuel and Foster, Ian and Chard, Kyle}, booktitle = {Companion of the 15th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {72–76}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '24 Companion}, title = {Unveiling Temporal Performance Deviation: Leveraging Clustering in Microservices Performance Analysis}, year = 2024 }
• A Realistic Industrial Car Factory Digital Twin Simulation for Virtual Reality Applications and Robotic Training. Spiess, Florian; Roy, Swarnabha; Hollmann, Mattias; Cosway, Christopher; Kalafatis, Stavros. In 2024 IEEE 20th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE), pp. 1419–1426. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{spiess2024realistic, author = {Spiess, Florian and Roy, Swarnabha and Hollmann, Mattias and Cosway, Christopher and Kalafatis, Stavros}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE 20th International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE)}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {1419-1426}, title = {A Realistic Industrial Car Factory Digital Twin Simulation for Virtual Reality Applications and Robotic Training}, year = 2024 }
• Approximating Sparsest Cut in Low-Treewidth Graphs via Combinatorial Diameter. Chalermsook, Parinya; Kaul, Matthias; Mnich, Matthias; Spoerhase, Joachim; Uniyal, Sumedha; Vaz, Daniel. In ACM Transactions on Algorithms. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{chalermsook-etal24:sparsest-cut-tree-width, author = {Chalermsook, Parinya and Kaul, Matthias and Mnich, Matthias and Spoerhase, Joachim and Uniyal, Sumedha and Vaz, Daniel}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Algorithms}, keywords = {key}, note = {to appear}, title = {Approximating Sparsest Cut in Low-Treewidth Graphs via Combinatorial Diameter}, year = 2024 }
• Knowledge Retrieval with LLMs using Context-Specific Intent and Slot Classification. Schubert, Julian; Krug, Markus; Baumeister, Joachim. In LWDA’24: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{SKB:24, author = {Schubert, Julian and Krug, Markus and Baumeister, Joachim}, booktitle = {LWDA'24: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen}, keywords = {from:joba}, title = {Knowledge Retrieval with LLMs using Context-Specific Intent and Slot Classification}, year = 2024 }
• Analysis of Energy Intensity and Generic Energy Efficiency Metrics in Communication Networks: Limits, Practical Applications, and Case Studies. Hossfeld, Tobias; Wunderer, Stefan; Loh, Frank; Schien, Daniel. In IEEE Access, 12, pp. 105527–105549. 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Energy intensity is the ratio between energy consumed and data volume over a certain time frame. It is frequently used as a metric to indicate the energy efficiency of communication networks and data centres for the provision of digital services, and as a coefficient to apportion the total energy consumption of a network to a specific service. As energy efficiency becomes more important, energy intensity metrics are increasingly used to estimate the energy costs and benefits of changes in data volumes across networks and data centres. Typically, energy intensity integrates annual accounts of energy consumption and data transmitted. At shorter time scales, this metric is affected by the lack of correlation between transmitted data and energy consumption, which leads in some cases to inappropriate conclusions. In this work, we first review the use of energy efficiency metrics in the literature. Then, we define generic measures for energy efficiency as well as energy intensity. The relationships of those measures are analysed, and we show under which conditions they lead to the same or different results. Practical applications of the measures and their insights are demonstrated when benchmarking systems and when considering the value of the system’s output. Furthermore, the limits and pitfalls of the metrics are analysed, especially considering the energy intensity metric for communication networks.

  @article{10614603, abstract = {Energy intensity is the ratio between energy consumed and data volume over a certain time frame. It is frequently used as a metric to indicate the energy efficiency of communication networks and data centres for the provision of digital services, and as a coefficient to apportion the total energy consumption of a network to a specific service. As energy efficiency becomes more important, energy intensity metrics are increasingly used to estimate the energy costs and benefits of changes in data volumes across networks and data centres. Typically, energy intensity integrates annual accounts of energy consumption and data transmitted. At shorter time scales, this metric is affected by the lack of correlation between transmitted data and energy consumption, which leads in some cases to inappropriate conclusions. In this work, we first review the use of energy efficiency metrics in the literature. Then, we define generic measures for energy efficiency as well as energy intensity. The relationships of those measures are analysed, and we show under which conditions they lead to the same or different results. Practical applications of the measures and their insights are demonstrated when benchmarking systems and when considering the value of the system’s output. Furthermore, the limits and pitfalls of the metrics are analysed, especially considering the energy intensity metric for communication networks.}, author = {Hossfeld, Tobias and Wunderer, Stefan and Loh, Frank and Schien, Daniel}, journal = {IEEE Access}, keywords = {greenfield}, pages = {105527-105549}, title = {Analysis of Energy Intensity and Generic Energy Efficiency Metrics in Communication Networks: Limits, Practical Applications, and Case Studies}, volume = 12, year = 2024 }
• Erste Flugergebnisse der Satellitenmission SONATE-2. Balagurin, O.; Greiner, T.; Herbst, T.; Kaiser, T.; Kayal, H.; Männel, J.; Maurer, A.; Neumann, T.; Riegler, C.; Schwarz, T. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Hamburg, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  SONATE-2 ist eine Technologiedemonstrationsmission im 6U -CubeSat-Format, deren Hauptziel es ist, neuartige Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz für den Einsatz auf Nanosatelliten im Orbit zu verifizieren. Nach etwa drei Jahren Entwicklungszeit wurde der SONATE-2-Satellit Anfang März 2024 durch eine Falcon-9-Rakete in den Low Earth Orbit befördert und wird seitdem vom eigenen Missionskontrollzentrum der Uni-versität Würzburg betrieben. Dieses Paper fasst die Ergebnisse der ersten fünf Monate des Satellitenbe-triebs zusammen.

  @conference{https://doi.org/10.25967/630218, abstract = {SONATE-2 ist eine Technologiedemonstrationsmission im 6U -CubeSat-Format, deren Hauptziel es ist, neuartige Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz für den Einsatz auf Nanosatelliten im Orbit zu verifizieren. Nach etwa drei Jahren Entwicklungszeit wurde der SONATE-2-Satellit Anfang März 2024 durch eine Falcon-9-Rakete in den Low Earth Orbit befördert und wird seitdem vom eigenen Missionskontrollzentrum der Uni-versität Würzburg betrieben. Dieses Paper fasst die Ergebnisse der ersten fünf Monate des Satellitenbe-triebs zusammen.}, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Balagurin, O. and Greiner, T. and Herbst, T. and Kaiser, T. and Kayal, H. and Männel, J. and Maurer, A. and Neumann, T. and Riegler, C. and Schwarz, T.}, keywords = {dlrk}, organization = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, title = {Erste Flugergebnisse der Satellitenmission SONATE-2}, year = 2024 }
• Global Vegetation Modeling with Pre-Trained Weather Transformers. Janetzky, Pascal; Gallusser, Florian; Hentschel, Simon; Hotho, Andreas; Krause, Anna. In CoRR, abs/2403.18438. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{janetzky2024global, author = {Janetzky, Pascal and Gallusser, Florian and Hentschel, Simon and Hotho, Andreas and Krause, Anna}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2024, title = {Global Vegetation Modeling with Pre-Trained Weather Transformers}, volume = {abs/2403.18438}, year = 2024 }
• Benchmarking of synthetic network data: Reviewing challenges and approaches. Wolf, Maximilian; Tritscher, Julian; Landes, Dieter; Hotho, Andreas; Schl{{ö}}r, Daniel. In Comput. Secur., 145, p. 103993. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{wolf2024benchmarking, author = {Wolf, Maximilian and Tritscher, Julian and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas and Schl{\"{o}}r, Daniel}, journal = {Comput. Secur.}, keywords = 2024, pages = 103993, title = {Benchmarking of synthetic network data: Reviewing challenges and approaches}, volume = 145, year = 2024 }
• Empower the user - The impact of functional understanding training on usage, social perception, and self-determined interactions with intelligent voice assistants. Markus, Andr{{é}}; Pfister, Jan; Carolus, Astrid; Hotho, Andreas; Wienrich, Carolin. In Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell., 6, p. 100229. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{markus2024empower, author = {Markus, Andr{\'{e}} and Pfister, Jan and Carolus, Astrid and Hotho, Andreas and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {Comput. Educ. Artif. Intell.}, keywords = 2024, pages = 100229, title = {Empower the user - The impact of functional understanding training on usage, social perception, and self-determined interactions with intelligent voice assistants}, volume = 6, year = 2024 }
• {Universal Multi-layer Map Display and Improved Situational Awareness in Real-World Facilities}. Edlinger, R.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR ’24). New York, USA, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper introduces a Universal Multi-layer Map Display designed to enhance situational awareness in real-world facilities like hospitals, factories, or disaster sites. The proposed system integrates multiple layers of spatial and semantic data into a unified, interactive interface, allowing users to navigate complex environments with improved clarity and decision-making capabilities. By combining metric maps, topo- logical maps, and semantic information (e.g., room functions, hazard zones, and live sensor data), the multi-layer map enables operators and robot systems to visualize and interact with real-time data streams intuitively. The research explores the application of this system in dynamic, cluttered environments where real-time mapping and navigation are critical. Key innovations include the fusion of multi-modal sensor data, switching between map layers to suit different operational needs, and integrating context-aware alerts that provide up-to- date insights on environmental changes and potential hazards. The system improves situational awareness by offering a com- prehensive view of the environment, enhancing decision-making and coordination in complex tasks such as emergency response, logistics, and facility management. The results emphasize the importance of multi-layered data representation and intuitive interfaces in environments where spatial awareness is critical to mission success.

  @inproceedings{SSRR2024, abstract = {This paper introduces a Universal Multi-layer Map Display designed to enhance situational awareness in real-world facilities like hospitals, factories, or disaster sites. The proposed system integrates multiple layers of spatial and semantic data into a unified, interactive interface, allowing users to navigate complex environments with improved clarity and decision-making capabilities. By combining metric maps, topo- logical maps, and semantic information (e.g., room functions, hazard zones, and live sensor data), the multi-layer map enables operators and robot systems to visualize and interact with real-time data streams intuitively. The research explores the application of this system in dynamic, cluttered environments where real-time mapping and navigation are critical. Key innovations include the fusion of multi-modal sensor data, switching between map layers to suit different operational needs, and integrating context-aware alerts that provide up-to- date insights on environmental changes and potential hazards. The system improves situational awareness by offering a com- prehensive view of the environment, enhancing decision-making and coordination in complex tasks such as emergency response, logistics, and facility management. The results emphasize the importance of multi-layered data representation and intuitive interfaces in environments where spatial awareness is critical to mission success.}, address = {New York, USA}, author = {Edlinger, R. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR '24)}, keywords = {myown}, title = {{Universal Multi-layer Map Display and Improved Situational Awareness in Real-World Facilities}}, year = 2024 }
• Effect of Data Degradation on Motion Re-Identification. Nair, Vivek; Miller, Mark Roman; Wang, Rui; Huang, Brandon; Rack, Christian; Latoschik, Marc Erich; O’Brien, James. In 2024 IEEE 25th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{nair2024effect, author = {Nair, Vivek and Miller, Mark Roman and Wang, Rui and Huang, Brandon and Rack, Christian and Latoschik, Marc Erich and O'Brien, James}, booktitle = {2024 IEEE 25th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)}, keywords = {schell}, title = {Effect of Data Degradation on Motion Re-Identification}, year = 2024 }
• From Link Prediction to Forecasting: Information Loss in Batch-based Temporal Graph Learning. Lampert, Moritz; Blöcker, Christopher; Scholtes, Ingo. In CoRR, abs/2406.04897. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2406-04897, author = {Lampert, Moritz and Blöcker, Christopher and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {From Link Prediction to Forecasting: Information Loss in Batch-based Temporal Graph Learning.}, volume = {abs/2406.04897}, year = 2024 }
• Parameterized Approximation for Robust Clustering in Discrete Geometric Spaces. Abbasi, Fateme; Banerjee, Sandip; Byrka, Jaroslaw; Chalermsook, Parinya; Gadekar, Ameet; Khodamoradi, Kamyar; Marx, Dániel; Sharma, Roohani; Spoerhase, Joachim. In Proc. 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming (ICALP’24). 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{abbasi-etal24:robust-clustering-geometric-spaces, author = {Abbasi, Fateme and Banerjee, Sandip and Byrka, Jaroslaw and Chalermsook, Parinya and Gadekar, Ameet and Khodamoradi, Kamyar and Marx, Dániel and Sharma, Roohani and Spoerhase, Joachim}, booktitle = {Proc. 51st International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming (ICALP'24)}, keywords = {algorithm}, title = {Parameterized Approximation for Robust Clustering in Discrete Geometric Spaces}, year = 2024 }
• Hierarchical Graph Pooling Based on Minimum Description Length. von Pichowski, Jan; Blöcker, Christopher; Scholtes, Ingo. In CoRR, abs/2409.10263. 2024.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2409-10263, author = {von Pichowski, Jan and Blöcker, Christopher and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Hierarchical Graph Pooling Based on Minimum Description Length.}, volume = {abs/2409.10263}, year = 2024 }
• Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Kleinsatelliten zur Erforschung von erdnahen Asteroiden am Beispiel von (99942) Apophis. Männel, J.; Ali, F.; Amza, A.; Herbst, T.; Kayal, H.; Neumann, T.; Riegler, C. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Hamburg, 2024.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Bei der Erforschung von Asteroiden kommen zunehmend auch Kleinsatelliten zum Einsatz. Sie werden sowohl als eigenständige Missionen aber auch zur Missionsunterstützung eingesetzt. In Vorbereitung auf den erdnahen Vorbeiflug des Asteroiden (99942) Apophis am 13.04.2029 wurden zahlreiche Missionskonzepte vorgeschlagen, welche den Einsatz von Kleinsatelliten vorsehen. Im Rahmen des laufenden Vorhabens NEAlight (FKZ 50OO2413) werden drei verschiedene Optionen für eine nationale Kleinsatellitenmission zur Erforschung von Apophis (99942) Apophis erarbeitet und deren Machbarkeit analysiert. Die Szenarien umfassen dabei einen CubeSat als Ergänzung zur europäischen RAMSES Mission, Kleinsatelliten zur Demonstration von Flyby Untersuchungen und eine eigenständige Rendevous Mission.

  @conference{https://doi.org/10.25967/630289, abstract = {Bei der Erforschung von Asteroiden kommen zunehmend auch Kleinsatelliten zum Einsatz. Sie werden sowohl als eigenständige Missionen aber auch zur Missionsunterstützung eingesetzt. In Vorbereitung auf den erdnahen Vorbeiflug des Asteroiden (99942) Apophis am 13.04.2029 wurden zahlreiche Missionskonzepte vorgeschlagen, welche den Einsatz von Kleinsatelliten vorsehen. Im Rahmen des laufenden Vorhabens NEAlight (FKZ 50OO2413) werden drei verschiedene Optionen für eine nationale Kleinsatellitenmission zur Erforschung von Apophis (99942) Apophis erarbeitet und deren Machbarkeit analysiert. Die Szenarien umfassen dabei einen CubeSat als Ergänzung zur europäischen RAMSES Mission, Kleinsatelliten zur Demonstration von Flyby Untersuchungen und eine eigenständige Rendevous Mission.}, address = {Hamburg}, author = {Männel, J. and Ali, F. and Amza, A. and Herbst, T. and Kayal, H. and Neumann, T. and Riegler, C.}, keywords = {dlrk}, organization = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, title = {Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Kleinsatelliten zur Erforschung von erdnahen Asteroiden am Beispiel von (99942) Apophis}, year = 2024 }

• Usability of a {{Mhealth Solution}} Using {{Speech Recognition}} for {{Point-of-care Diagnostic Management}}. Kerwagen, Fabian; Fuchs, Konrad F.; Ullrich, Melanie; Schulze, Andreas; Straka, Samantha; Krop, Philipp; Latoschik, Marc E.; Gilbert, Fabian; Kunz, Andreas; Fette, Georg; St{ö}rk, Stefan; Ertl, Maximilian. In Journal of Medical Systems, 47(18). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The administrative burden for physicians in the hospital can affect the quality of patient care. The Service Center Medical Informatics (SMI) of the University Hospital Würzburg developed and implemented the smartphone-based mobile application (MA) ukw.mobile1 that uses speech recognition for the point-of-care ordering of radiological examinations. The aim of this study was to examine the usability of the MA workflow for the point-of-care ordering of radiological examinations. All physicians at the Department of Trauma and Plastic Surgery at the University Hospital Würzburg, Germany, were asked to participate in a survey including the short version of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ-S) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). For the analysis of the different domains of user experience (overall attractiveness, pragmatic quality and hedonic quality), we used a two-sided dependent sample t-test. For the determinants of the acceptance model, we employed regression analysis. Twenty-one of 30 physicians (mean age 34\,{$\pm$}\,8 years, 62\% male) completed the questionnaire. Compared to the conventional desktop application (DA) workflow, the new MA workflow showed superior overall attractiveness (mean difference 2.15\,{$\pm$}\,1.33), pragmatic quality (mean difference 1.90\,{$\pm$}\,1.16), and hedonic quality (mean difference 2.41\,{$\pm$}\,1.62; all p\,{$<$}\,.001). The user acceptance measured by the UTAUT (mean 4.49\,{$\pm$}\,0.41; min. 1, max. 5) was also high. Performance expectancy (beta\,=\,0.57, p\,=\,.02) and effort expectancy (beta\,=\,0.36, p\,=\,.04) were identified as predictors of acceptance, the full predictive model explained 65.4\% of the variance. Point-of-care mHealth solutions using innovative technology such as speech-recognition seem to address the users' needs and to offer higher usability in comparison to conventional technology. Implementation of user-centered mHealth innovations might therefore help to facilitate physicians' daily work.

  @article{kerwagen2023, abstract = {The administrative burden for physicians in the hospital can affect the quality of patient care. The Service Center Medical Informatics (SMI) of the University Hospital W\"urzburg developed and implemented the smartphone-based mobile application (MA) ukw.mobile1 that uses speech recognition for the point-of-care ordering of radiological examinations. The aim of this study was to examine the usability of the MA workflow for the point-of-care ordering of radiological examinations. All physicians at the Department of Trauma and Plastic Surgery at the University Hospital W\"urzburg, Germany, were asked to participate in a survey including the short version of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ-S) and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). For the analysis of the different domains of user experience (overall attractiveness, pragmatic quality and hedonic quality), we used a two-sided dependent sample t-test. For the determinants of the acceptance model, we employed regression analysis. Twenty-one of 30 physicians (mean age 34\,{$\pm$}\,8 years, 62\% male) completed the questionnaire. Compared to the conventional desktop application (DA) workflow, the new MA workflow showed superior overall attractiveness (mean difference 2.15\,{$\pm$}\,1.33), pragmatic quality (mean difference 1.90\,{$\pm$}\,1.16), and hedonic quality (mean difference 2.41\,{$\pm$}\,1.62; all p\,{$<$}\,.001). The user acceptance measured by the UTAUT (mean 4.49\,{$\pm$}\,0.41; min. 1, max. 5) was also high. Performance expectancy (beta\,=\,0.57, p\,=\,.02) and effort expectancy (beta\,=\,0.36, p\,=\,.04) were identified as predictors of acceptance, the full predictive model explained 65.4\% of the variance. Point-of-care mHealth solutions using innovative technology such as speech-recognition seem to address the users' needs and to offer higher usability in comparison to conventional technology. Implementation of user-centered mHealth innovations might therefore help to facilitate physicians' daily work.}, author = {Kerwagen, Fabian and Fuchs, Konrad F. and Ullrich, Melanie and Schulze, Andreas and Straka, Samantha and Krop, Philipp and Latoschik, Marc E. and Gilbert, Fabian and Kunz, Andreas and Fette, Georg and St{\"o}rk, Stefan and Ertl, Maximilian}, journal = {Journal of Medical Systems}, keywords = {latoschik}, number = 18, title = {Usability of a {{Mhealth Solution}} Using {{Speech Recognition}} for {{Point-of-care Diagnostic Management}}}, volume = 47, year = 2023 }
• Digitale silbenbasierte Leseintervention in Klasse 2: Worterkennungsleistung moderiert den Einfluss auf Lese- und Rechtschreibfähigkeiten. Heß, Janina; Karageorgos, Panagiotis; Müller, Bettina; Riedmann, Anna; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit; Richter, Tobias. In Vortrag bei der 19. Fachgruppentagung Pädagogische Psychologie, of PAEPS. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{hess2023paeps, author = {Heß, Janina and Karageorgos, Panagiotis and Müller, Bettina and Riedmann, Anna and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit and Richter, Tobias}, booktitle = {Vortrag bei der 19. Fachgruppentagung Pädagogische Psychologie}, keywords = {mi}, series = {PAEPS}, title = {Digitale silbenbasierte Leseintervention in Klasse 2: Worterkennungsleistung moderiert den Einfluss auf Lese- und Rechtschreibfähigkeiten}, year = 2023 }
• Culture in Social Robots for Education. Bruno, Barbara; Amirova, Aida; Sandygulova, Anara; Lugrin, Birgit; Johal, Wafa. In Cultural Robotics: Social Robots and Their Emergent Cultural Ecologies, pp. 127–145. Springer, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @incollection{bruno2023culture, author = {Bruno, Barbara and Amirova, Aida and Sandygulova, Anara and Lugrin, Birgit and Johal, Wafa}, booktitle = {Cultural Robotics: Social Robots and Their Emergent Cultural Ecologies}, keywords = {mi}, pages = {127–145}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Culture in Social Robots for Education}, year = 2023 }
• Generating Social Contexts with Virtual Agents to Foster Interruptibility Research for Socially Interactive Agents. Ganal, Elisabeth; Lugrin, Birgit. In ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA ’23). ACM, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{ganal2023generating, author = {Ganal, Elisabeth and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA ’23)}, keywords = {mi}, organization = {ACM}, title = {Generating Social Contexts with Virtual Agents to Foster Interruptibility Research for Socially Interactive Agents}, year = 2023 }
• From Clocks to Pendulums: A Study on the Influence of External Moving Objects on Time Perception in Virtual Environments. Landeck, Maximilian; Unruh, Fabian; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In The 29th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST), 29th, p. 11. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper investigates the relationship between perceived object motion and the experience of time in virtual environments. We developed an application to measure how the motion properties of virtual objects and the degree of immersion and embodiment may affect the time experience. A first study (n = 145) was conducted remotely using an online video survey, while a second study (n = 60) was conducted under laboratory conditions in virtual reality (VR). Participants in both studies experienced seven different virtual objects in a randomized order and then answered questions about time experience. The VR study added an "embodiment" condition in which participants were either represented by a virtual full body or lacked any form of virtual body representation. In both studies, time was judged to pass faster when viewing oscillating motion in immersive and non-immersive settings and independently of the presence or absence of a virtual body. This trend was strongest when virtual pendulums were displayed. Both studies also found a significant inverse correlation between the passage of time and boredom. Our results support the development of applications that manipulate the perception of time in virtual environments for therapeutic use, for instance, for disorders such as depression, autism, and schizophrenia. Disturbances in the perception of time are known to be associated with these disorders.

  @article{noauthororeditor, abstract = {This paper investigates the relationship between perceived object motion and the experience of time in virtual environments. We developed an application to measure how the motion properties of virtual objects and the degree of immersion and embodiment may affect the time experience. A first study (n = 145) was conducted remotely using an online video survey, while a second study (n = 60) was conducted under laboratory conditions in virtual reality (VR). Participants in both studies experienced seven different virtual objects in a randomized order and then answered questions about time experience. The VR study added an "embodiment" condition in which participants were either represented by a virtual full body or lacked any form of virtual body representation. In both studies, time was judged to pass faster when viewing oscillating motion in immersive and non-immersive settings and independently of the presence or absence of a virtual body. This trend was strongest when virtual pendulums were displayed. Both studies also found a significant inverse correlation between the passage of time and boredom. Our results support the development of applications that manipulate the perception of time in virtual environments for therapeutic use, for instance, for disorders such as depression, autism, and schizophrenia. Disturbances in the perception of time are known to be associated with these disorders.}, author = {Landeck, Maximilian and Unruh, Fabian and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {The 29th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST)}, keywords = {landeck}, pages = 11, title = {From Clocks to Pendulums: A Study on the Influence of External Moving Objects on Time Perception in Virtual Environments}, volume = {29th}, year = 2023 }
• Evaluation of a Social Robot at the Reception Desk for Exam Registration During Covid-19. Steinhaeusser, Sophia; Donnermann, Melissa; Lein, Martina; Lugrin, Birgit. In 2023 32th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2023). IEEE, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2023evaluation, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia and Donnermann, Melissa and Lein, Martina and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2023 32th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2023)}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {Evaluation of a Social Robot at the Reception Desk for Exam Registration During Covid-19}, year = 2023 }
• An Evaluation of Other-Avatar Facial Animation Methods for Social VR. Kullmann, Peter; Menzel, Timo; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, of CHI EA ’23, pp. 1–7. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  We report a mixed-design study on the effect of facial animation method (static, synthesized, or tracked expressions) and its synchronization to speaker audio (in sync or delayed by the method’s inherent latency) on an avatar’s perceived naturalness and plausibility. We created a virtual human for an actor and recorded his spontaneous half-minute responses to conversation prompts. As a simulated immersive interaction, 44 participants unfamiliar with the actor observed and rated performances rendered with the avatar, each with the different facial animation methods. Half of them observed performances in sync and the others with the animation method’s latency. Results show audio synchronization did not influence ratings and static faces were rated less natural and less plausible than animated faces. Notably, synthesized expressions were rated as more natural and more plausible than tracked expressions. Moreover, ratings of verbal behavior naturalness differed in the same way. We discuss implications of these results for avatar-mediated communication.

  @inproceedings{kullmann2023facialExpressionComparison, abstract = {We report a mixed-design study on the effect of facial animation method (static, synthesized, or tracked expressions) and its synchronization to speaker audio (in sync or delayed by the method’s inherent latency) on an avatar’s perceived naturalness and plausibility. We created a virtual human for an actor and recorded his spontaneous half-minute responses to conversation prompts. As a simulated immersive interaction, 44 participants unfamiliar with the actor observed and rated performances rendered with the avatar, each with the different facial animation methods. Half of them observed performances in sync and the others with the animation method’s latency. Results show audio synchronization did not influence ratings and static faces were rated less natural and less plausible than animated faces. Notably, synthesized expressions were rated as more natural and more plausible than tracked expressions. Moreover, ratings of verbal behavior naturalness differed in the same way. We discuss implications of these results for avatar-mediated communication.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Kullmann, Peter and Menzel, Timo and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {vilearn}, pages = {1–7}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '23}, title = {An Evaluation of Other-Avatar Facial Animation Methods for Social VR}, year = 2023 }
• Who Is Alyx? A new Behavioral Biometric Dataset for User Identification in XR. Rack, Christian; Fernando, Tamara; Yalcin, Murat; Hotho, Andreas; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 4, D. Swapp (ed.). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This article presents a new dataset containing motion and physiological data of users playing the game 'Half-Life: Alyx'. The dataset specifically targets behavioral and biometric identification of XR users. It includes motion and eye-tracking data captured by a HTC Vive Pro of 71 users playing the game on two separate days for 45 minutes. Additionally, we collected physiological data from 31 of these users. We provide benchmark performances for the task of motion-based identification of XR users with two prominent state-of-the-art deep learning architectures (GRU and CNN). After training on the first session of each user, the best model can identify the 71 users in the second session with a mean accuracy of 95% within 2 minutes. The dataset is freely available under https://github.com/cschell/who-is-alyx

  @article{rack2023behavioral, abstract = {This article presents a new dataset containing motion and physiological data of users playing the game 'Half-Life: Alyx'. The dataset specifically targets behavioral and biometric identification of XR users. It includes motion and eye-tracking data captured by a HTC Vive Pro of 71 users playing the game on two separate days for 45 minutes. Additionally, we collected physiological data from 31 of these users. We provide benchmark performances for the task of motion-based identification of XR users with two prominent state-of-the-art deep learning architectures (GRU and CNN). After training on the first session of each user, the best model can identify the 71 users in the second session with a mean accuracy of 95% within 2 minutes. The dataset is freely available under https://github.com/cschell/who-is-alyx}, author = {Rack, Christian and Fernando, Tamara and Yalcin, Murat and Hotho, Andreas and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, editor = {Swapp, David}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {schell}, title = {Who Is Alyx? A new Behavioral Biometric Dataset for User Identification in XR}, volume = 4, year = 2023 }
• Autorotation: An Innovative Alternative to Parachutes for Spacecraft Landing. Riegler, Clemens; Kayal, Hakan. In IAC 2023 Congress Proceedings. International Astronautical Federation, Baku, Azerbaijan, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{clemens2023autorotation, address = {Baku, Azerbaijan}, author = {Riegler, Clemens and Kayal, Hakan}, booktitle = {IAC 2023 Congress Proceedings}, keywords = {autorotation}, publisher = {International Astronautical Federation}, title = {Autorotation: An Innovative Alternative to Parachutes for Spacecraft Landing}, year = 2023 }
• Embodiment and Personalization for Self-Identification with Virtual Humans. Fiedler, Marie Luisa; Wolf, Erik; Döllinger, Nina; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2023 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), pp. 799–800. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Our work investigates the impact of virtual human embodiment and personalization on the sense of embodiment (SoE) and self-identification (SI). We introduce preliminary items to query self-similarity (SS) and self-attribution (SA) with virtual humans as dimensions of SI. In our study, 64 participants successively observed personalized and generic-looking virtual humans, either as embodied avatars in a virtual mirror or as agents while performing tasks. They reported significantly higher SoE and SI when facing personalized virtual humans and significantly higher SoE and SA when facing embodied avatars, indicating that both factors have strong separate and complimentary influence on SoE and SI.

  @inproceedings{fiedler2023selfidentification, abstract = {Our work investigates the impact of virtual human embodiment and personalization on the sense of embodiment (SoE) and self-identification (SI). We introduce preliminary items to query self-similarity (SS) and self-attribution (SA) with virtual humans as dimensions of SI. In our study, 64 participants successively observed personalized and generic-looking virtual humans, either as embodied avatars in a virtual mirror or as agents while performing tasks. They reported significantly higher SoE and SI when facing personalized virtual humans and significantly higher SoE and SA when facing embodied avatars, indicating that both factors have strong separate and complimentary influence on SoE and SI.}, author = {Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Wolf, Erik and Döllinger, Nina and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {mfiedler}, pages = {799-800}, title = {Embodiment and Personalization for Self-Identification with Virtual Humans}, year = 2023 }
• Effects of Number of Voices and Voice Type on Storytelling Experience and Robot Perception. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lugrin, Birgit. In Sound and Robotics, R. Savery (ed.), pp. 9–32. CRC Press, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @incollection{steinhaeusser2023voices, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Sound and Robotics}, editor = {Savery, Richard}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = {9–32}, publisher = {CRC Press}, title = {Effects of Number of Voices and Voice Type on Storytelling Experience and Robot Perception}, year = 2023 }
• A literature review of IoT and CPS—What they are, and what they are not. Lesch, Veronika; Z{ü}fle, Marwin; Bauer, Andr{é}; Iffl{ä}nder, Lukas; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In Journal of Systems and Software, p. 111631. Elsevier, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  Today, we are confronted with many concepts such as Cyber–Physical-Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), Industry 4.0, Industrial Internet, Ubiquitous Computing, Pervasive Computing and many more. Some researchers use all of these terms interchangeably, while others interpret them in ways that contradict each other. The inconsistent and interchangeable usage of these terms creates the impression that authors abuse them as buzzwords to attract attention. Hence, the question arises: Is the existence of all these terms justified? In this paper, we first look at the origin of the terms. Then, we focus on Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical-Systems (CPS) as those terms are more often used as the others and further often seen as underlying technologies. We presentthe results of a literature review, including academic, industry and gray literature, with the objective to identify and discuss several clusters of similar statements on both terms. Building on this, we present definitions for IoT and CPS that reflect the core intuition of the terms as found in the literature review while providing a clear demarcation of the two terms. Then, we illustrate the applicability of our findings on several use cases. Finally, we discuss the relation to the other topics closely related to adaptive systems, namely Industry 4.0, Industrial Internet, Ubiquitous Computing, and Pervasive Computing.

  @article{lesch2023literature, abstract = {Today, we are confronted with many concepts such as Cyber–Physical-Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), Industry 4.0, Industrial Internet, Ubiquitous Computing, Pervasive Computing and many more. Some researchers use all of these terms interchangeably, while others interpret them in ways that contradict each other. The inconsistent and interchangeable usage of these terms creates the impression that authors abuse them as buzzwords to attract attention. Hence, the question arises: Is the existence of all these terms justified? In this paper, we first look at the origin of the terms. Then, we focus on Internet of Things (IoT) and Cyber-Physical-Systems (CPS) as those terms are more often used as the others and further often seen as underlying technologies. We presentthe results of a literature review, including academic, industry and gray literature, with the objective to identify and discuss several clusters of similar statements on both terms. Building on this, we present definitions for IoT and CPS that reflect the core intuition of the terms as found in the literature review while providing a clear demarcation of the two terms. Then, we illustrate the applicability of our findings on several use cases. Finally, we discuss the relation to the other topics closely related to adaptive systems, namely Industry 4.0, Industrial Internet, Ubiquitous Computing, and Pervasive Computing.}, author = {Lesch, Veronika and Z{\"u}fle, Marwin and Bauer, Andr{\'e} and Iffl{\"a}nder, Lukas and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Journal of Systems and Software}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, pages = 111631, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {A literature review of IoT and CPS—What they are, and what they are not}, year = 2023 }
• “If It’s Not Me It Doesn’t Make a Difference” – The Impact of Avatar Personalization on User Experience and Body Awareness in Virtual Reality. Döllinger, Nina; Beck, Matthias; Wolf, Erik; Mal, David; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), pp. 483–492. 2023.
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  Body awareness is relevant for the efficacy of psychotherapy. However, previous work on virtual reality (VR) and avatar-assisted therapy has often overlooked it. We investigated the effect of avatar individualization on body awareness in the context of VR-specific user experience, including sense of embodiment (SoE), plausibility, and sense of presence (SoP). In a between-subject design, 86 participants embodied three avatar types and engaged in VR movement exercises. The avatars were (1) generic and gender-matched, (2) customized from a set of pre-existing options, or (3) personalized photorealistic scans. Compared to the other conditions, participants with personalized avatars reported increased SoE, yet higher eeriness and reduced body awareness. Further, SoE and SoP positively correlated with body awareness across conditions. Our results indicate that VR user experience and body awareness do not always dovetail and do not necessarily predict each other. Future research should work towards a balance between body awareness and SoE.

  @inproceedings{dollinger2023doesnt, abstract = {Body awareness is relevant for the efficacy of psychotherapy. However, previous work on virtual reality (VR) and avatar-assisted therapy has often overlooked it. We investigated the effect of avatar individualization on body awareness in the context of VR-specific user experience, including sense of embodiment (SoE), plausibility, and sense of presence (SoP). In a between-subject design, 86 participants embodied three avatar types and engaged in VR movement exercises. The avatars were (1) generic and gender-matched, (2) customized from a set of pre-existing options, or (3) personalized photorealistic scans. Compared to the other conditions, participants with personalized avatars reported increased SoE, yet higher eeriness and reduced body awareness. Further, SoE and SoP positively correlated with body awareness across conditions. Our results indicate that VR user experience and body awareness do not always dovetail and do not necessarily predict each other. Future research should work towards a balance between body awareness and SoE.}, author = {Döllinger, Nina and Beck, Matthias and Wolf, Erik and Mal, David and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {dmal}, pages = {483-492}, title = {“If It’s Not Me It Doesn’t Make a Difference” – The Impact of Avatar Personalization on User Experience and Body Awareness in Virtual Reality}, year = 2023 }
• A real-time polyp-detection system with clinical application in colonoscopy using deep convolutional neural networks. Krenzer, Adrian; Banck, Michael; Makowski, Kevin; Hekalo, Amar; Fitting, Daniel; Troya, Joel; Sudarevic, Boban; Zoller, Wolfgang G; Hann, Alexander; Puppe, Frank. In Journal of imaging, 9(2), p. 26. MDPI, 2023.
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  @article{krenzer2023real, author = {Krenzer, Adrian and Banck, Michael and Makowski, Kevin and Hekalo, Amar and Fitting, Daniel and Troya, Joel and Sudarevic, Boban and Zoller, Wolfgang G and Hann, Alexander and Puppe, Frank}, journal = {Journal of imaging}, keywords = {banck}, number = 2, pages = 26, publisher = {MDPI}, title = {A real-time polyp-detection system with clinical application in colonoscopy using deep convolutional neural networks}, volume = 9, year = 2023 }
• The Complexity of Finding Tangles. Firman, Oksana; Kindermann, Philipp; Klemz, Boris; Ravsky, Alexander; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM), Vol. 13878 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, L. Gąsieniec (ed.), pp. 3–17. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{fkkrwz-cotf-SOFSEM23, author = {Firman, Oksana and Kindermann, Philipp and Klemz, Boris and Ravsky, Alexander and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM)}, editor = {Gąsieniec, Leszek}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {3–17}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {The Complexity of Finding Tangles}, volume = 13878, year = 2023 }
• The Parametrized Complexity of the Segment Number. Cornelsen, Sabine; {Da Lozzo}, Giordano; Grilli, Luca; Gupta, Siddharth; Kratochvíl, Jan; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 31st Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 14466 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, M. Bekos, M. Chimani (eds.), pp. 97–113. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{cdggkw-pcsn-GD23, author = {Cornelsen, Sabine and {Da Lozzo}, Giordano and Grilli, Luca and Gupta, Siddharth and Kratochvíl, Jan and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 31st Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Bekos, Michael and Chimani, Markus}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {97–113}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {The Parametrized Complexity of the Segment Number}, volume = 14466, year = 2023 }
• Visualizing Multispecies Coalescent Trees: Drawing Gene Trees Inside Species Trees. Klawitter, Jonathan; Klesen, Felix; Niederer, Moritz; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM), Vol. 13878 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, L. Gąsieniec (ed.), pp. 96–110. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{kknw-vmct-SOFSEM23, author = {Klawitter, Jonathan and Klesen, Felix and Niederer, Moritz and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM)}, editor = {Gąsieniec, Leszek}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {96–110}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Visualizing Multispecies Coalescent Trees: Drawing Gene Trees Inside Species Trees}, volume = 13878, year = 2023 }
• Attitude-independent calibration of magnetometers in orbit using Particle Swarm Optimization. Kaiser, Tobias; Thois, Dominik; Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Schwarz, Tobias; Maurer, Andreas; Herbst, Tobias; Riegler, Clemens. In 14th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation. 2023.
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  SONATE-2 is an upcoming CubeSat for AI applications in space. The payload includes widefield and nearfield cameras to take images of the Earth and perform tasks like image segmentation and anomaly detection. The Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS) is designed to provide accurate pointing for these tasks. In addition, a propulsion system and a star sensor will be validated in orbit. In normal operations, the magnetic field vector and the sun vector are measured to determine the CubeSat attitude via the TRIAD or QUEST method. The harsh space environment subjects the sensors to disturbances, and it is expected that the calibration parameters will change over time. The magnetometers will be recalibrated in orbit using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The algorithm records the predicted and measured magnetic field vectors from hundreds of points in time and minimises the error between their magnitude by changing the calibration parameters. This calibration was tested at the JMU Würzburg on demonstrator hardware for the ADCS and a set of Helmholtz coils simulating the Earth Magnetic Field. The resulting calibration parameters were only slightly less accurate than those found by calibrating the magnetometer in the laboratory. The calibration algorithm will be optimized further and then implemented on SONATE-2.

  @inproceedings{noauthororeditorattitudeindependent, abstract = {SONATE-2 is an upcoming CubeSat for AI applications in space. The payload includes widefield and nearfield cameras to take images of the Earth and perform tasks like image segmentation and anomaly detection. The Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS) is designed to provide accurate pointing for these tasks. In addition, a propulsion system and a star sensor will be validated in orbit. In normal operations, the magnetic field vector and the sun vector are measured to determine the CubeSat attitude via the TRIAD or QUEST method. The harsh space environment subjects the sensors to disturbances, and it is expected that the calibration parameters will change over time. The magnetometers will be recalibrated in orbit using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The algorithm records the predicted and measured magnetic field vectors from hundreds of points in time and minimises the error between their magnitude by changing the calibration parameters. This calibration was tested at the JMU Würzburg on demonstrator hardware for the ADCS and a set of Helmholtz coils simulating the Earth Magnetic Field. The resulting calibration parameters were only slightly less accurate than those found by calibrating the magnetometer in the laboratory. The calibration algorithm will be optimized further and then implemented on SONATE-2.}, author = {Kaiser, Tobias and Thois, Dominik and Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Schwarz, Tobias and Maurer, Andreas and Herbst, Tobias and Riegler, Clemens}, booktitle = {14th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation}, keywords = {adcs}, title = {Attitude-independent calibration of magnetometers in orbit using Particle Swarm Optimization}, year = 2023 }
• Autoscaler Evaluation and Configuration: A Practitioner’s Guideline. Straesser, Martin; Eismann, Simon; von Kistowski, J{ó}akim; Bauer, Andr{é}; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’23, pp. 31–41. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2023.
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  Autoscalers are indispensable parts of modern cloud deployments and determine the service quality and cost of a cloud application in dynamic workloads. The configuration of an autoscaler strongly influences its performance and is also one of the biggest challenges and showstoppers for the practical applicability of many research autoscalers. Many proposed cloud experiment methodologies can only be partially applied in practice, and many autoscaling papers use custom evaluation methods and metrics. This paper presents a practical guideline for obtaining meaningful and interpretable results on autoscaler performance with reasonable overhead. We provide step-by-step instructions for defining realistic usage behaviors and traffic patterns. We divide the analysis of autoscaler performance into a qualitative antipattern-based analysis and a quantitative analysis. To demonstrate the applicability of our guideline, we conduct several experiments with a microservice of our industry partner in a realistic test environment.

  @inproceedings{straesser2023guideline, abstract = {Autoscalers are indispensable parts of modern cloud deployments and determine the service quality and cost of a cloud application in dynamic workloads. The configuration of an autoscaler strongly influences its performance and is also one of the biggest challenges and showstoppers for the practical applicability of many research autoscalers. Many proposed cloud experiment methodologies can only be partially applied in practice, and many autoscaling papers use custom evaluation methods and metrics. This paper presents a practical guideline for obtaining meaningful and interpretable results on autoscaler performance with reasonable overhead. We provide step-by-step instructions for defining realistic usage behaviors and traffic patterns. We divide the analysis of autoscaler performance into a qualitative antipattern-based analysis and a quantitative analysis. To demonstrate the applicability of our guideline, we conduct several experiments with a microservice of our industry partner in a realistic test environment.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Straesser, Martin and Eismann, Simon and von Kistowski, J\'{o}akim and Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {methodology}, pages = {31-41}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '23}, title = {Autoscaler Evaluation and Configuration: A Practitioner's Guideline}, year = 2023 }
• Simultaneous 3D Reconstruction and Vegetation Classification Utilizing a Multispectral Stereo Camera. Vollet, J.; May, S.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR ’23), pp. 132–138. 2023.
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  Obstacle detection is crucial for ensuring the safety of autonomous robots and their surroundings in unstructured outdoor environments. Objects with minimal lateral dimensions can pose risks to the robot or serve as important elements in the infrastructure it operates in. Detecting these structures becomes particularly challenging when tall vegetation is present. Distinguishing between soft, traversable objects, such as tufts of grass, and potentially lethal solid obstacles is paramount to a robot’s ability to operate. This paper presents a novel approach that focuses on point cloud generation and vegetation identification to facilitate the safe navigation of autonomous outdoor robots. Our approach uses a single multispectral stereo camera system that employs a novel stereo matching strategy based on binary descriptors for spectrally non-identical image pairs.

  @inproceedings{SSRR2023, abstract = {Obstacle detection is crucial for ensuring the safety of autonomous robots and their surroundings in unstructured outdoor environments. Objects with minimal lateral dimensions can pose risks to the robot or serve as important elements in the infrastructure it operates in. Detecting these structures becomes particularly challenging when tall vegetation is present. Distinguishing between soft, traversable objects, such as tufts of grass, and potentially lethal solid obstacles is paramount to a robot’s ability to operate. This paper presents a novel approach that focuses on point cloud generation and vegetation identification to facilitate the safe navigation of autonomous outdoor robots. Our approach uses a single multispectral stereo camera system that employs a novel stereo matching strategy based on binary descriptors for spectrally non-identical image pairs.}, author = {Vollet, J. and May, S. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR '23)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {132–138}, title = {Simultaneous 3D Reconstruction and Vegetation Classification Utilizing a Multispectral Stereo Camera}, year = 2023 }
• 3D laser imaging for measuring volumetric shrinkage of horticultural products during drying process. Mollazade, K.; van der Lucht, J.; J{ö}rissen, S.; N{ü}chter, A. In Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 207, p. 107749. 2023.
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  The standard method of shrinkage measurement consists of immersion of the product in a fluid in order to calculate the volume changes before and after drying. It is destructive and time-consuming and also is not a practical method to be used in online drying monitoring systems. To date, it has been tried for measuring shrinkage based on passive stereo vision. But no report has been provided so far on the accuracy of this technique and its comparison with conventional method of measuring volumetric shrinkage. On the other hand, because of the small size of dried foodstuff products, it does not seem that the stereo vision to be able to extract high detail point clouds from the surface of objects. Therefore, this research was conducted in order to study the potential use of 3D laser scanning for measurement of the volumetric shrinkage of some horticultural products during drying process. To this end, a calibrated 3D laser imaging system was applied in order to precisely scan the surface of some small size horticultural products (including plum, fig, date, and button mushroom), which take non-symmetric form during the drying process. 2D image of samples was also taken to predict the volumetric shrinkage by various texture analysis methods. Drying was carried out by a convective dryer. The results indicated a significant superiority of 3D laser imaging compared to 2D imaging. The value of correlation coefficient and mean absolute percentage error of multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks models created based on selected spatial features of point clouds in predicting volumetric shrinkage for plum, fig, date, and mushroom was obtained 0.90 and 19.48, 0.95 and 14.25, 0.78 and 23.54, and 0.87 and 9.47, respectively.

  @article{CEAGI2023, abstract = {The standard method of shrinkage measurement consists of immersion of the product in a fluid in order to calculate the volume changes before and after drying. It is destructive and time-consuming and also is not a practical method to be used in online drying monitoring systems. To date, it has been tried for measuring shrinkage based on passive stereo vision. But no report has been provided so far on the accuracy of this technique and its comparison with conventional method of measuring volumetric shrinkage. On the other hand, because of the small size of dried foodstuff products, it does not seem that the stereo vision to be able to extract high detail point clouds from the surface of objects. Therefore, this research was conducted in order to study the potential use of 3D laser scanning for measurement of the volumetric shrinkage of some horticultural products during drying process. To this end, a calibrated 3D laser imaging system was applied in order to precisely scan the surface of some small size horticultural products (including plum, fig, date, and button mushroom), which take non-symmetric form during the drying process. 2D image of samples was also taken to predict the volumetric shrinkage by various texture analysis methods. Drying was carried out by a convective dryer. The results indicated a significant superiority of 3D laser imaging compared to 2D imaging. The value of correlation coefficient and mean absolute percentage error of multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks models created based on selected spatial features of point clouds in predicting volumetric shrinkage for plum, fig, date, and mushroom was obtained 0.90 and 19.48, 0.95 and 14.25, 0.78 and 23.54, and 0.87 and 9.47, respectively.}, author = {Mollazade, K. and van der Lucht, J. and J{\"o}rissen, S. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {Computers and Electronics in Agriculture}, keywords = {author}, pages = 107749, title = {3D laser imaging for measuring volumetric shrinkage of horticultural products during drying process}, volume = 207, year = 2023 }
• Performance Impact Analysis of Homomorphic Encryption: A Case Study Using Linear Regression as an Example. Prantl, Thomas; Engel, Simon; Horn, Lukas; Kaiser, Dennis; Iffländer, Lukas; Bauer, André; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In Information Security Practice and Experience, W. Meng, Z. Yan, V. Piuri (eds.), pp. 284–298. Springer Nature Singapore, Singapore, 2023.
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  In recent years, the trend has increasingly been to store and process data in the cloud. However, this is based on the premise that cloud providers treat the data in a trustworthy manner. One way of using the data in the cloud without the provider having access to it is homomorphic encryption. However, since this encryption has only recently become practicable, analysis of its for practical applications is still in its infancy. Therefore, we investigate the performance of homomorphic encryption using a real-world application, namely linear regression. Our main finding is that although the homomorphic computation of linear regression is in the range of minutes and thus slower than in the non-homomorphic case, linear regression can be computed homomorphic and is therefore suitable for use cases where data security is the top priority.

  @inproceedings{PrEnHoDeIfBaKrKo_ISPEC_De_Bello, abstract = {In recent years, the trend has increasingly been to store and process data in the cloud. However, this is based on the premise that cloud providers treat the data in a trustworthy manner. One way of using the data in the cloud without the provider having access to it is homomorphic encryption. However, since this encryption has only recently become practicable, analysis of its for practical applications is still in its infancy. Therefore, we investigate the performance of homomorphic encryption using a real-world application, namely linear regression. Our main finding is that although the homomorphic computation of linear regression is in the range of minutes and thus slower than in the non-homomorphic case, linear regression can be computed homomorphic and is therefore suitable for use cases where data security is the top priority.}, address = {Singapore}, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Engel, Simon and Horn, Lukas and Kaiser, Dennis and Iffl\"ander, Lukas and Bauer, Andr\'e and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Information Security Practice and Experience}, editor = {Meng, Weizhi and Yan, Zheng and Piuri, Vincenzo}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {284–298}, publisher = {Springer Nature Singapore}, title = {Performance Impact Analysis of Homomorphic Encryption: A Case Study Using Linear Regression as an Example}, year = 2023 }
• InDiReCT: Language-Guided Zero-Shot Deep Metric Learning for Images. Kobs, Konstantin; Steininger, Michael; Hotho, Andreas. In WACV, pp. 1063–1072. IEEE, 2023.
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  Common Deep Metric Learning (DML) datasets specify only one notion of similarity, e.g., two images in the Cars196 dataset are deemed similar if they show the same car model. We argue that depending on the application, users of image retrieval systems have different and changing similarity notions that should be incorporated as easily as possible. Therefore, we present Language-Guided Zero-Shot Deep Metric Learning (LanZ-DML) as a new DML setting in which users control the properties that should be important for image representations without training data by only using natural language. To this end, we propose InDiReCT (Image representations using Dimensionality Reduction on CLIP embedded Texts), a model for LanZ-DML on images that exclusively uses a few text prompts for training. InDiReCT utilizes CLIP as a fixed feature extractor for images and texts and transfers the variation in text prompt embeddings to the image embedding space. Extensive experiments on five datasets and overall thirteen similarity notions show that, despite not seeing any images during training, InDiReCT performs better than strong baselines and approaches the performance of fully-supervised models. An analysis reveals that InDiReCT learns to focus on regions of the image that correlate with the desired similarity notion, which makes it a fast to train and easy to use method to create custom embedding spaces only using natural language.

  @inproceedings{kobs2022indirect, abstract = {Common Deep Metric Learning (DML) datasets specify only one notion of similarity, e.g., two images in the Cars196 dataset are deemed similar if they show the same car model. We argue that depending on the application, users of image retrieval systems have different and changing similarity notions that should be incorporated as easily as possible. Therefore, we present Language-Guided Zero-Shot Deep Metric Learning (LanZ-DML) as a new DML setting in which users control the properties that should be important for image representations without training data by only using natural language. To this end, we propose InDiReCT (Image representations using Dimensionality Reduction on CLIP embedded Texts), a model for LanZ-DML on images that exclusively uses a few text prompts for training. InDiReCT utilizes CLIP as a fixed feature extractor for images and texts and transfers the variation in text prompt embeddings to the image embedding space. Extensive experiments on five datasets and overall thirteen similarity notions show that, despite not seeing any images during training, InDiReCT performs better than strong baselines and approaches the performance of fully-supervised models. An analysis reveals that InDiReCT learns to focus on regions of the image that correlate with the desired similarity notion, which makes it a fast to train and easy to use method to create custom embedding spaces only using natural language.}, author = {Kobs, Konstantin and Steininger, Michael and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {WACV}, keywords = {selected}, note = {cite arxiv:2211.12760Comment: Accepted to WACV 2023}, pages = {1063-1072}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {InDiReCT: Language-Guided Zero-Shot Deep Metric Learning for Images}, year = 2023 }
• Superfrog: Comparing Learning Outcomes and Potentials of a Worksheet, Smartphone, and Tangible AR Learning Environment. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Elsässer, Anne; Grafe, Silke; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2023 9th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN). 2023.
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  The widespread availability of smartphones facilitates the integration of digital, augmented reality (AR), and tangible augmented reality (TAR) learning environments into the classroom. A haptic aspect can enhance the user’s overall experience during a learning process. To investigate further benefits of using TAR for educational purposes, we compare a TAR and a smartphone learning environment with a traditional worksheet counterpart in terms of learning effectiveness, emotions, motivation, and cognitive load. 64 sixth-grade students from a German high school used one of the three conditions to learn about frog anatomy. We found no significant differences in learning effectiveness and cognitive load. The TAR condition elicited significantly higher positive emotions than the worksheet, but not the smartphone condition. Both digital learning environments elicited significantly higher motivation, in contrast to the worksheet. Thus, our results suggest that smartphone and TAR learning environments are equally beneficial for enhancing learning.

  @inproceedings{oberdorfer2023comparing, abstract = {The widespread availability of smartphones facilitates the integration of digital, augmented reality (AR), and tangible augmented reality (TAR) learning environments into the classroom. A haptic aspect can enhance the user’s overall experience during a learning process. To investigate further benefits of using TAR for educational purposes, we compare a TAR and a smartphone learning environment with a traditional worksheet counterpart in terms of learning effectiveness, emotions, motivation, and cognitive load. 64 sixth-grade students from a German high school used one of the three conditions to learn about frog anatomy. We found no significant differences in learning effectiveness and cognitive load. The TAR condition elicited significantly higher positive emotions than the worksheet, but not the smartphone condition. Both digital learning environments elicited significantly higher motivation, in contrast to the worksheet. Thus, our results suggest that smartphone and TAR learning environments are equally beneficial for enhancing learning.}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Elsässer, Anne and Grafe, Silke and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2023 9th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN)}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Superfrog: Comparing Learning Outcomes and Potentials of a Worksheet, Smartphone, and Tangible AR Learning Environment}, year = 2023 }
• Gamification Framework for Reinforcement Learning-based Neuropsychology Experiments. Chetitah, Mounsif; M{ü}ller, Julian; Deserno, Lorenz; Walttman, Maria; {von Mammen}, Sebastian. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, pp. 1–4. 2023.
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  @inproceedings{Chetitah:2023aa, author = {Chetitah, Mounsif and M{\"u}ller, Julian and Deserno, Lorenz and Walttman, Maria and {von Mammen}, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1–4}, title = {Gamification Framework for Reinforcement Learning-based Neuropsychology Experiments}, year = 2023 }
• Effects of Social Ingroup Cues on Empathy Towards an Intelligent Virtual Agent With a Mixed-Cultural Background. Obremski, David; Friedrich, Paula; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the Conference for Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction 2023. Cambridge (Massachusetts), United States of America, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{obremski2023EmpathyACIISubmitted, author = {Obremski, David and Friedrich, Paula and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Conference for Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction 2023}, keywords = {mi}, note = {in press}, title = {Effects of Social Ingroup Cues on Empathy Towards an Intelligent Virtual Agent With a Mixed-Cultural Background}, year = 2023 }
• A Virtualized Augmented Reality Simulation for Exploring Perceptual Incongruencies. Westermeier, Franziska; Brübach, Larissa; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 29th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, of VRST ’23. Association for Computing Machinery, Christchurch, New Zealand, 2023.
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  When blending virtual and physical content, certain incongruencies emerge from hardware limitations, inaccurate tracking, or different appearances of virtual and physical content. They restrain us from perceiving virtual and physical content as one experience. Hence, it is crucial to investigate these issues to determine how they influence our experience. We present a virtualized augmented reality simulation that can systematically examine single incongruencies or different configurations.

  @inproceedings{westermeier2023virtualized, abstract = {When blending virtual and physical content, certain incongruencies emerge from hardware limitations, inaccurate tracking, or different appearances of virtual and physical content. They restrain us from perceiving virtual and physical content as one experience. Hence, it is crucial to investigate these issues to determine how they influence our experience. We present a virtualized augmented reality simulation that can systematically examine single incongruencies or different configurations.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Westermeier, Franziska and Brübach, Larissa and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology}, keywords = {xrhub}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {VRST '23}, title = {A Virtualized Augmented Reality Simulation for Exploring Perceptual Incongruencies}, year = 2023 }
• Iteratively designing a robotic concierge with different stakeholders - A multi-methods field study. Donnermann, Melissa; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lein, Martina; Lugrin, Birgit. In AIRSI 2023 - The Metaverse Conference. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{etienne2023emovox, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lein, Martina and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {AIRSI 2023 - The Metaverse Conference}, keywords = {lein}, title = {Iteratively designing a robotic concierge with different stakeholders - A multi-methods field study}, year = 2023 }
• Mind the Gap: Edge Facility Location Problems in Theory and Practice. Beck, Moritz; Spoerhase, Joachim; Storandt, Sabine. In Proc. 9th International Conference on Algorithms and Discrete Applied Mathematics (CALDAM’23), Vol. 13947, pp. 321–334. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{beck-etal23:edge-fac-loc, author = {Beck, Moritz and Spoerhase, Joachim and Storandt, Sabine}, booktitle = {Proc. 9th International Conference on Algorithms and Discrete Applied Mathematics (CALDAM'23)}, keywords = {facility}, pages = {321–334}, title = {Mind the Gap: Edge Facility Location Problems in Theory and Practice}, volume = 13947, year = 2023 }
• Measuring Interpersonal Trust towards Virtual Humans with a Virtual Maze Paradigm. Lin, Jinghuai; Cronjé, Johrine; Käthner, Ivo; Pauli, Paul; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), 29(5), pp. 2401–2411. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Virtual humans, including virtual agents and avatars, play an increasingly important role as VR technology advances. For example, virtual humans are used as proxies of users in social VR or as interfaces for AI assistants in online financing. Interpersonal trust is an essential prerequisite in real-life interactions, as well as in the virtual world. However, to date, there are no established interpersonal trust measurement tools specifically for virtual humans in virtual reality. Previously, a virtual maze task was proposed to measure trust towards virtual characters. For the current study, a variant of the paradigm was implemented. The task of the users (the trustors) is to navigate through a maze in virtual reality, where they can interact with a virtual human (the trustee). They can choose to 1) ask for advice and 2) follow advice from the virtual human if they want to. These measures served as behavioural measures of trust. We conducted a validation study with 70 participants in a between-subject design. The two conditions did not differ in the content of the advice but in the appearance, tone of voice and engagement of the trustees (alleged as avatars controlled by other participants). Results indicate that the experimental manipulation was successful, as participants rated the virtual human as more trustworthy in the trustworthy condition than in the untrustworthy condition. Importantly, this manipulation affected the trust behaviour of our participants, who, in the trustworthy condition, asked for advice more often and followed advice more often, indicating that the paradigm is sensitive to assessing interpersonal trust towards virtual humans. Thus, our paradigm can be used to measure differences in interpersonal trust towards virtual humans and may serve as a valuable research tool to investigate trust in virtual reality.

  @article{lin2023measuring, abstract = {Virtual humans, including virtual agents and avatars, play an increasingly important role as VR technology advances. For example, virtual humans are used as proxies of users in social VR or as interfaces for AI assistants in online financing. Interpersonal trust is an essential prerequisite in real-life interactions, as well as in the virtual world. However, to date, there are no established interpersonal trust measurement tools specifically for virtual humans in virtual reality. Previously, a virtual maze task was proposed to measure trust towards virtual characters. For the current study, a variant of the paradigm was implemented. The task of the users (the trustors) is to navigate through a maze in virtual reality, where they can interact with a virtual human (the trustee). They can choose to 1) ask for advice and 2) follow advice from the virtual human if they want to. These measures served as behavioural measures of trust. We conducted a validation study with 70 participants in a between-subject design. The two conditions did not differ in the content of the advice but in the appearance, tone of voice and engagement of the trustees (alleged as avatars controlled by other participants). Results indicate that the experimental manipulation was successful, as participants rated the virtual human as more trustworthy in the trustworthy condition than in the untrustworthy condition. Importantly, this manipulation affected the trust behaviour of our participants, who, in the trustworthy condition, asked for advice more often and followed advice more often, indicating that the paradigm is sensitive to assessing interpersonal trust towards virtual humans. Thus, our paradigm can be used to measure differences in interpersonal trust towards virtual humans and may serve as a valuable research tool to investigate trust in virtual reality.}, author = {Lin, Jinghuai and Cronjé, Johrine and Käthner, Ivo and Pauli, Paul and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG)}, keywords = {emlab}, note = {IEEE VR Best Paper Honorable Mention 🏆}, number = 5, pages = {2401–2411}, title = {Measuring Interpersonal Trust towards Virtual Humans with a Virtual Maze Paradigm}, volume = 29, year = 2023 }
• Who Would You Rather Ask for Help? A Comparison Between Two Chatbot Personalities in Information Management. Ganal, Elisabeth; Wiederer, Fiona; Bachmann, Isabell; Lugrin, Birgit. In Human-Computer Interaction, of Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}, M. Kurosu, A. Hashizume (eds.), pp. 334–353. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{ganal_who_2023, address = {Cham}, author = {Ganal, Elisabeth and Wiederer, Fiona and Bachmann, Isabell and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Human-Computer Interaction}, editor = {Kurosu, Masaaki and Hashizume, Ayako}, keywords = {mi}, pages = {334–353}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Who Would You Rather Ask for Help? A Comparison Between Two Chatbot Personalities in Information Management}, year = 2023 }
• SONATE-2 – A Technology Demonstration Mission of Artificial Intelligence for Image Processing and Anomaly Detection. Greiner, Tobias; Balagurin, Oleksii; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas; Schwarz, Tobias. In 16th Pico- and Nano-Satellite Workshop. Würzburg, Germany, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{greiner2023sonate2, address = {Würzburg, Germany}, author = {Greiner, Tobias and Balagurin, Oleksii and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {16th Pico- and Nano-Satellite Workshop}, keywords = {ai}, title = {SONATE-2 – A Technology Demonstration Mission of Artificial Intelligence for Image Processing and Anomaly Detection}, year = 2023 }
• Visual Indicators Representing Avatars’ Authenticity in Social Virtual Reality and Their Impacts on Perceived Trustworthiness. Lin, Jinghuai; Cronjé, Johrine; Wienrich, Carolin; Pauli, Paul; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), 29(11), pp. 4589–4599. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{lin2023visual, author = {Lin, Jinghuai and Cronjé, Johrine and Wienrich, Carolin and Pauli, Paul and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG)}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, number = 11, pages = {4589-4599}, title = {Visual Indicators Representing Avatars' Authenticity in Social Virtual Reality and Their Impacts on Perceived Trustworthiness}, volume = 29, year = 2023 }
• The Impact of Reflection Approximations on Visual Quality in Virtual Reality. Mišiak, Martin; Fuhrmann, Arnulph; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In ACM Symposium on Applied Perception 2023 (SAP ’23), August, pp. 1–11. ACM, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{misiak2023reflectionApprox, author = {Mišiak, Martin and Fuhrmann, Arnulph and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {ACM Symposium on Applied Perception 2023 (SAP '23), August}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1–11}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {The Impact of Reflection Approximations on Visual Quality in Virtual Reality}, year = 2023 }
• Are Embodied Avatars Harmful to our Self-Experience? The Impact of Virtual Embodiment on Body Awareness. Döllinger, Nina; Wolf, Erik; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1–14. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Virtual Reality (VR) allows us to replace our visible body with a virtual self-representation (avatar) and to explore its effects on our body perception. While the feeling of owning and controlling a virtual body is widely researched, how VR affects the awareness of internal body signals (body awareness) remains open. Forty participants performed moving meditation tasks in reality and VR, either facing their mirror image or not. Both the virtual environment and avatars photorealistically matched their real counterparts. We found a negative effect of VR on body awareness, mediated by feeling embodied in and changed by the avatar. Further, we revealed a negative effect of a mirror on body awareness. Our results indicate that assessing body awareness should be essential in evaluating VR designs and avatar embodiment aiming at mental health, as even a scenario as close to reality as possible can distract users from their internal body signals.

  @inproceedings{dollinger2023embodied, abstract = {Virtual Reality (VR) allows us to replace our visible body with a virtual self-representation (avatar) and to explore its effects on our body perception. While the feeling of owning and controlling a virtual body is widely researched, how VR affects the awareness of internal body signals (body awareness) remains open. Forty participants performed moving meditation tasks in reality and VR, either facing their mirror image or not. Both the virtual environment and avatars photorealistically matched their real counterparts. We found a negative effect of VR on body awareness, mediated by feeling embodied in and changed by the avatar. Further, we revealed a negative effect of a mirror on body awareness. Our results indicate that assessing body awareness should be essential in evaluating VR designs and avatar embodiment aiming at mental health, as even a scenario as close to reality as possible can distract users from their internal body signals.}, author = {Döllinger, Nina and Wolf, Erik and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {vitras}, note = {Honorable Mention 🏆}, pages = {1-14}, title = {Are Embodied Avatars Harmful to our Self-Experience? The Impact of Virtual Embodiment on Body Awareness}, year = 2023 }
• An Update on the Virtual Mission Control Room. Sittner, Felix; Hartmann, Oliver; Montenegro, Sergio; Friese, Jan-Philipp; Brübach, Larissa; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In . Utah State University, Logan, UT, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In 2021 we presented the Virtual Mission Control Room (VMCR) on the verge from fun educational project to testing ground for remote cooperative mission control. Since then, we successfully participated in ESA's 2022 campaign "New ideas to make XR a reality", which granted us additional funding to improve the VMCR software and conduct usability testing in cooperation with the chair of human-computer-interaction. In this paper and the corresponding poster session we give an update on the current state of the project, the new features and project structure. We explain the changes suggested by early test users and ESA to make operators feel more at home in the virtual environment. Subsequently, our project partners present their first suggestions for improvements to the VMCR as well as their plans for user testing. We conclude with lessons learned and and a look ahead into our plans for the future of the project.

  @proceedings{sittner2023update, abstract = {In 2021 we presented the Virtual Mission Control Room (VMCR) on the verge from fun educational project to testing ground for remote cooperative mission control. Since then, we successfully participated in ESA's 2022 campaign "New ideas to make XR a reality", which granted us additional funding to improve the VMCR software and conduct usability testing in cooperation with the chair of human-computer-interaction. In this paper and the corresponding poster session we give an update on the current state of the project, the new features and project structure. We explain the changes suggested by early test users and ESA to make operators feel more at home in the virtual environment. Subsequently, our project partners present their first suggestions for improvements to the VMCR as well as their plans for user testing. We conclude with lessons learned and and a look ahead into our plans for the future of the project.}, address = {Utah State University, Logan, UT}, author = {Sittner, Felix and Hartmann, Oliver and Montenegro, Sergio and Friese, Jan-Philipp and Brübach, Larissa and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2023 Small Satellite Conference}, howpublished = {Technical Poster Session 5}, keywords = {xrhub}, title = {An Update on the Virtual Mission Control Room}, year = 2023 }
• Coloring and Recognizing Mixed Interval Graphs. Gutowski, Grzegorz; Junosza-Szaniawski, Konstanty; Klesen, Felix; Rz\ążewski, Pawe\ł; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 34th Annu. Int. Symp. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC’23), Vol. 283 of LIPIcs, S. Iwata, N. Kakimura (eds.), pp. 36:1–36:14. Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{ü}r Informatik, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{gjkrwz-crdig-ISAAC23, author = {Gutowski, Grzegorz and Junosza-Szaniawski, Konstanty and Klesen, Felix and Rz\ążewski, Pawe\ł and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 34th Annu. Int. Symp. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC'23)}, editor = {Iwata, Satoru and Kakimura, Naonori}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {36:1–36:14}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Coloring and Recognizing Mixed Interval Graphs}, volume = 283, year = 2023 }
• MobiLe: Konzeption einer digitalen, silbenbasierten Leseförderung für die Grundschule. Heß, Janina; Riedmann, Anna; Karageorgos, Panagiotis; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit; Richter, Tobias; Müller, Bettina. In Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht., 71(1), pp. 41–51. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{hessinpressmobile, author = {Heß, Janina and Riedmann, Anna and Karageorgos, Panagiotis and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit and Richter, Tobias and Müller, Bettina}, journal = {Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht.}, keywords = {mi}, number = 1, pages = {41-51}, title = {MobiLe: Konzeption einer digitalen, silbenbasierten Leseförderung für die Grundschule.}, volume = 71, year = 2023 }
• Using a Social Robot as a Hotel Assessment Tool. Lein, Martina; Donnermann, Melissa; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lugrin, Birgit. In Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2023). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{lein2023, author = {Lein, Martina and Donnermann, Melissa and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI 2023)}, keywords = {lein}, title = {Using a Social Robot as a Hotel Assessment Tool}, year = 2023 }
• Modeling social resilience: Questions, answers, open problems. Schweitzer, Frank; Andres, Georges; Casiraghi, Giona; Gote, Christoph; Roller, Ramona; Scholtes, Ingo; Vaccario, Giacomo; Zingg, Christian. In CoRR, abs/2301.00183. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2301-00183, author = {Schweitzer, Frank and Andres, Georges and Casiraghi, Giona and Gote, Christoph and Roller, Ramona and Scholtes, Ingo and Vaccario, Giacomo and Zingg, Christian}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Modeling social resilience: Questions, answers, open problems.}, volume = {abs/2301.00183}, year = 2023 }
• Towards a Cryptography Encyclopedia: A Survey on Attribute-Based Encryption. Prantl, Thomas; Zeck, Timo; Horn, Lukas; Iffländer, Lukas; Bauer, André; Dmitrienko, Alexandra; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In Journal of Surveillance, Security and Safety. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{PrZeHoIfBaDmKrKo_ABESurvey, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Zeck, Timo and Horn, Lukas and Iffl\"ander, Lukas and Bauer, Andr\'e and Dmitrienko, Alexandra and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Journal of Surveillance, Security and Safety}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, title = {Towards a Cryptography Encyclopedia: A Survey on Attribute-Based Encryption}, year = 2023 }
• What can you do with a CubeSat in Deep Space? A Systematic Survey on Opportunities and Key Technologies for Extraterrestrial Small Satellites. Männel, Jonathan; Borschinsky, Erik; Kayal, Hakan; Neumann, Tobias; Riegler, Clemens. In 16th Pico- and Nano-Satellite Workshop. Würzburg, Germany, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{mnnel2023cubesat, address = {Würzburg, Germany}, author = {Männel, Jonathan and Borschinsky, Erik and Kayal, Hakan and Neumann, Tobias and Riegler, Clemens}, booktitle = {16th Pico- and Nano-Satellite Workshop}, keywords = {myown}, title = {What can you do with a CubeSat in Deep Space? A Systematic Survey on Opportunities and Key Technologies for Extraterrestrial Small Satellites}, year = 2023 }
• The Map Equation Goes Neural. Blöcker, Christopher; Tan, Chester; Scholtes, Ingo. In CoRR, abs/2310.01144. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2310-01144, author = {Blöcker, Christopher and Tan, Chester and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {The Map Equation Goes Neural.}, volume = {abs/2310.01144}, year = 2023 }
• Morphing Rectangular Duals. Chaplick, Steven; Kindermann, Philipp; Klawitter, Jonathan; Rutter, Ignaz; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 30th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 13764 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, P. Angelini, R. von Hanxleden (eds.), pp. 389–403. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{ckkrw-mrd-GD22, author = {Chaplick, Steven and Kindermann, Philipp and Klawitter, Jonathan and Rutter, Ignaz and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 30th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Angelini, Patrizio and von Hanxleden, Reinhard}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {389–403}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Morphing Rectangular Duals}, volume = 13764, year = 2023 }
• Parameterized Approaches to Orthogonal Compaction. Didimo, Walter; Gupta, Siddharth; Kindermann, Philipp; Liotta, Giuseppe; Wolff, Alexander; Zehavi, Meirav. In Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM), Vol. 13878 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, L. Gąsieniec (ed.), pp. 111–128. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{dgklwz-paoc-SOFSEM23, author = {Didimo, Walter and Gupta, Siddharth and Kindermann, Philipp and Liotta, Giuseppe and Wolff, Alexander and Zehavi, Meirav}, booktitle = {Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM)}, editor = {Gąsieniec, Leszek}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {111–128}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Parameterized Approaches to Orthogonal Compaction}, volume = 13878, year = 2023 }
• Planar {L}-Drawings of Directed Graphs. Chaplick, Steven; Chimani, Markus; Cornelsen, Sabine; {Da Lozzo}, Giordano; Nöllenburg, Martin; Patrignani, Maurizio; Tollis, Ioannis G.; Wolff, Alexander. In Computing in Geometry and Topology, 2(1), pp. 7:1–7:15. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  In this paper, we study drawings of directed graphs. We use the L-drawing standard where each edge is represented by a polygonal chain that consists of a vertical line segment incident to the source of the edge and a horizontal line segment incident to the target. \par First, we consider planar L-drawings. We provide necessary conditions for the existence of these drawings and show that testing for the existence of a planar L-drawing is an NP-complete problem. We also show how to decide in linear time whether there exists a planar L-drawing of a plane directed graph with a fixed assignment of the edges to the four sides (top, bottom, left, and right) of the vertices. \par Second, we consider upward- (resp.\ upward-rightward-) planar L-drawings. We provide upper bounds on the maximum number of edges of graphs admitting such drawings. Moreover, we characterize the directed st-graphs admitting an upward- (resp.\ upward-rightward-) planar L-drawing as exactly those admitting an embedding supporting a bitonic (resp.\ monotonically decreasing) st-ordering.

  @article{cccdnptw-plddg-JGAA23, abstract = {In this paper, we study drawings of directed graphs. We use the L-drawing standard where each edge is represented by a polygonal chain that consists of a vertical line segment incident to the source of the edge and a horizontal line segment incident to the target. \par First, we consider planar L-drawings. We provide necessary conditions for the existence of these drawings and show that testing for the existence of a planar L-drawing is an NP-complete problem. We also show how to decide in linear time whether there exists a planar L-drawing of a plane directed graph with a fixed assignment of the edges to the four sides (top, bottom, left, and right) of the vertices. \par Second, we consider upward- (resp.\ upward-rightward-) planar L-drawings. We provide upper bounds on the maximum number of edges of graphs admitting such drawings. Moreover, we characterize the directed st-graphs admitting an upward- (resp.\ upward-rightward-) planar L-drawing as exactly those admitting an embedding supporting a bitonic (resp.\ monotonically decreasing) st-ordering.}, author = {Chaplick, Steven and Chimani, Markus and Cornelsen, Sabine and {Da Lozzo}, Giordano and Nöllenburg, Martin and Patrignani, Maurizio and Tollis, Ioannis G. and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Computing in Geometry and Topology}, keywords = {bitonic_st-ordering}, number = 1, pages = {7:1–7:15}, title = {Planar {L}-Drawings of Directed Graphs}, volume = 2, year = 2023 }
• Coloring and Recognizing Mixed Interval Graphs. Gutowski, Grzegorz; Junosza-Szaniawski, Konstanty; Klesen, Felix; Rzążewski, Paweł; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 34th Annu. Int. Symp. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC), Vol. 283 of LIPIcs, S. Iwata, N. Kakimura (eds.), pp. 36:1–14. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{gjkrwz-crdig-ISAAC23, author = {Gutowski, Grzegorz and Junosza-Szaniawski, Konstanty and Klesen, Felix and Rzążewski, Paweł and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 34th Annu. Int. Symp. Algorithms Comput. (ISAAC)}, editor = {Iwata, Satoru and Kakimura, Naonori}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {36:1–14}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Coloring and Recognizing Mixed Interval Graphs}, volume = 283, year = 2023 }
• Morphing Planar Graph Drawings Through {3D}. Buchin, Kevin; Evans, Will; Frati, Fabrizio; Kostitsyna, Irina; Löffler, Maarten; Ophelders, Tim; Wolff, Alexander. In Computing in Geometry and Topology, 2(1), pp. 5:1–5:18. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  In this paper, we investigate crossing-free 3D morphs between planar straight-line drawings. We show that, for any two (not necessarily topologically equivalent) planar straight-line drawings of an $n$-vertex planar graph, there exists a piecewise-linear crossing-free 3D morph with $O(n^2)$ steps that transforms one drawing into the other. We also give some evidence why it is difficult to obtain a linear lower bound (which exists in 2D) for the number of steps of a crossing-free 3D morph.

  @article{befklow-mpgdt3d-CGT23, abstract = {In this paper, we investigate crossing-free 3D morphs between planar straight-line drawings. We show that, for any two (not necessarily topologically equivalent) planar straight-line drawings of an $n$-vertex planar graph, there exists a piecewise-linear crossing-free 3D morph with $O(n^2)$ steps that transforms one drawing into the other. We also give some evidence why it is difficult to obtain a linear lower bound (which exists in 2D) for the number of steps of a crossing-free 3D morph.}, author = {Buchin, Kevin and Evans, Will and Frati, Fabrizio and Kostitsyna, Irina and Löffler, Maarten and Ophelders, Tim and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Computing in Geometry and Topology}, keywords = {morphing}, number = 1, pages = {5:1–5:18}, title = {Morphing Planar Graph Drawings Through {3D}}, volume = 2, year = 2023 }
• Virtual reality in medical emergencies training: benefits, perceived stress, and learning success. Mühling, Tobias; Späth, Isabelle; Backhaus, Joy; Milke, Nathalie; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Meining, Alexander; Latoschik, Marc Erich; König, Sarah. In Multimedia System, 29(4), pp. 2239–2252. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Medical graduates lack procedural skills experience required to manage emergencies. Recent advances in virtual reality (VR) technology enable the creation of highly immersive learning environments representing easy-to-use and affordable solutions for training with simulation. However, the feasibility in compulsory teaching, possible side effects of immersion, perceived stress, and didactic benefits have to be investigated systematically. VR-based training sessions using head-mounted displays alongside a real-time dynamic physiology system were held by student assistants for small groups followed by debriefing with a tutor. In the pilot study, 36 students rated simulation sickness. In the main study, 97 students completed a virtual scenario as active participants (AP) and 130 students as observers (OBS) from the first-person perspective on a monitor. Participants completed questionnaires for evaluation purposes and exploratory factor analysis was performed on the items. The extent of simulation sickness remained low to acceptable among participants of the pilot study. In the main study, students valued the realistic environment and guided practical exercise. AP perceived the degree of immersion as well as the estimated learning success to be greater than OBS and proved to be more motivated post training. With respect to AP, the factor “sense of control” revealed a typical inverse U-shaped relationship to the scales “didactic value” and “individual learning benefit”. Summing up, curricular implementation of highly immersive VR-based training of emergencies proved feasible and found a high degree of acceptance among medical students. This study also provides insights into how different conceptions of perceived stress distinctively moderate subjective learning success.

  @article{muhling2023virtual, abstract = {Medical graduates lack procedural skills experience required to manage emergencies. Recent advances in virtual reality (VR) technology enable the creation of highly immersive learning environments representing easy-to-use and affordable solutions for training with simulation. However, the feasibility in compulsory teaching, possible side effects of immersion, perceived stress, and didactic benefits have to be investigated systematically. VR-based training sessions using head-mounted displays alongside a real-time dynamic physiology system were held by student assistants for small groups followed by debriefing with a tutor. In the pilot study, 36 students rated simulation sickness. In the main study, 97 students completed a virtual scenario as active participants (AP) and 130 students as observers (OBS) from the first-person perspective on a monitor. Participants completed questionnaires for evaluation purposes and exploratory factor analysis was performed on the items. The extent of simulation sickness remained low to acceptable among participants of the pilot study. In the main study, students valued the realistic environment and guided practical exercise. AP perceived the degree of immersion as well as the estimated learning success to be greater than OBS and proved to be more motivated post training. With respect to AP, the factor “sense of control” revealed a typical inverse U-shaped relationship to the scales “didactic value” and “individual learning benefit”. Summing up, curricular implementation of highly immersive VR-based training of emergencies proved feasible and found a high degree of acceptance among medical students. This study also provides insights into how different conceptions of perceived stress distinctively moderate subjective learning success.}, author = {Mühling, Tobias and Späth, Isabelle and Backhaus, Joy and Milke, Nathalie and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Meining, Alexander and Latoschik, Marc Erich and König, Sarah}, journal = {Multimedia System}, keywords = {myown}, number = 4, pages = {2239–2252}, title = {Virtual reality in medical emergencies training: benefits, perceived stress, and learning success}, volume = 29, year = 2023 }
• Research on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena at the Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg. Kayal, Hakan; Greiner, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Oehme, Sebastian. Vol. Session: Scientific and Technical Advancements in UAP Understanding (Virtual). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  One of the main research topics at the professorship of Astronautics of the Julius-Maximilian University Würzburg (JMUW) is the investigation of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) since 2008. The observations of the phenomena for decades, previously known as Unidentified Flying Object (UFO), with their partly very unusual characteristics and the potential threat to air traffic are important reasons to investigate the background of these phenomena. Since a serious part of the reported characteristics obviously could not be clarified even after intensive investigations, UAP is also interesting for science and some of them could point to new phenomena, perhaps previously unknown. However, due to the stigma attached to the UFO phenomenon for more than 74 years, very few scientific investigations and publications have been carried out so far, thus preventing its elucidation. In this paper the activities at the JMUW in UAP research would be explained.

  @conference{kayal2023research, abstract = {One of the main research topics at the professorship of Astronautics of the Julius-Maximilian University Würzburg (JMUW) is the investigation of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) since 2008. The observations of the phenomena for decades, previously known as Unidentified Flying Object (UFO), with their partly very unusual characteristics and the potential threat to air traffic are important reasons to investigate the background of these phenomena. Since a serious part of the reported characteristics obviously could not be clarified even after intensive investigations, UAP is also interesting for science and some of them could point to new phenomena, perhaps previously unknown. However, due to the stigma attached to the UFO phenomenon for more than 74 years, very few scientific investigations and publications have been carried out so far, thus preventing its elucidation. In this paper the activities at the JMUW in UAP research would be explained.}, author = {Kayal, Hakan and Greiner, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Oehme, Sebastian}, keywords = {SkyCam}, title = {Research on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena at the Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg}, volume = {Session: Scientific and Technical Advancements in UAP Understanding (Virtual)}, year = 2023 }
• DynaBench: A Benchmark Dataset for Learning Dynamical Systems from Low-Resolution Data. Dulny, Andrzej; Hotho, Andreas; Krause, Anna. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Research Track, D. Koutra, C. Plant, M. Gomez Rodriguez, E. Baralis, F. Bonchi (eds.), pp. 438–455. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2023.
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  Previous work on learning physical systems from data has focused on high-resolution grid-structured measurements. However, real-world knowledge of such systems (e.g. weather data) relies on sparsely scattered measuring stations. In this paper, we introduce a novel simulated benchmark dataset, DynaBench, for learning dynamical systems directly from sparsely scattered data without prior knowledge of the equations. The dataset focuses on predicting the evolution of a dynamical system from low-resolution, unstructured measurements. We simulate six different partial differential equations covering a variety of physical systems commonly used in the literature and evaluate several machine learning models, including traditional graph neural networks and point cloud processing models, with the task of predicting the evolution of the system. The proposed benchmark dataset is expected to advance the state of art as an out-of-the-box easy-to-use tool for evaluating models in a setting where only unstructured low-resolution observations are available. The benchmark is available at https://professor-x.de/dynabench.

  @inproceedings{dulny2023dynabench, abstract = {Previous work on learning physical systems from data has focused on high-resolution grid-structured measurements. However, real-world knowledge of such systems (e.g. weather data) relies on sparsely scattered measuring stations. In this paper, we introduce a novel simulated benchmark dataset, DynaBench, for learning dynamical systems directly from sparsely scattered data without prior knowledge of the equations. The dataset focuses on predicting the evolution of a dynamical system from low-resolution, unstructured measurements. We simulate six different partial differential equations covering a variety of physical systems commonly used in the literature and evaluate several machine learning models, including traditional graph neural networks and point cloud processing models, with the task of predicting the evolution of the system. The proposed benchmark dataset is expected to advance the state of art as an out-of-the-box easy-to-use tool for evaluating models in a setting where only unstructured low-resolution observations are available. The benchmark is available at https://professor-x.de/dynabench.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Dulny, Andrzej and Hotho, Andreas and Krause, Anna}, booktitle = {Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases: Research Track}, editor = {Koutra, Danai and Plant, Claudia and Gomez Rodriguez, Manuel and Baralis, Elena and Bonchi, Francesco}, keywords = {from:martinr}, pages = {438–455}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {DynaBench: A Benchmark Dataset for Learning Dynamical Systems from Low-Resolution Data}, year = 2023 }
• ExDe: Design space exploration of scheduler architectures and mechanisms for serverless data-processing. Talluri, Sacheendra; Herbst, Nikolas; Abad, Cristina; {De Matteis}, Tiziano; Iosup, Alexandru. In Future Generation Computer Systems. 2023.
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  Serverless computing is increasingly used for data-processing applications in both science and business domains. At the core of serverless data-processing systems is the scheduler, which ensures dynamic decisions about task and data placement. Due to the variety of user, cluster, and workload properties, the design space for high-performance and cost-effective scheduling architectures and mechanisms is vast. The large design space is difficult to explore and characterize. To help the system designer disentangle this complexity, we present ExDe, a framework to systematically explore the design space of scheduling architectures and mechanisms. The framework includes a conceptual model and a simulator to assist in design space exploration. We use the framework, and real-world workloads, to characterize the performance of three scheduling architectures and two mechanisms. Our framework is open-source software available on Zenodo.

  @article{TALLURI2023, abstract = {Serverless computing is increasingly used for data-processing applications in both science and business domains. At the core of serverless data-processing systems is the scheduler, which ensures dynamic decisions about task and data placement. Due to the variety of user, cluster, and workload properties, the design space for high-performance and cost-effective scheduling architectures and mechanisms is vast. The large design space is difficult to explore and characterize. To help the system designer disentangle this complexity, we present ExDe, a framework to systematically explore the design space of scheduling architectures and mechanisms. The framework includes a conceptual model and a simulator to assist in design space exploration. We use the framework, and real-world workloads, to characterize the performance of three scheduling architectures and two mechanisms. Our framework is open-source software available on Zenodo.}, author = {Talluri, Sacheendra and Herbst, Nikolas and Abad, Cristina and {De Matteis}, Tiziano and Iosup, Alexandru}, journal = {Future Generation Computer Systems}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, note = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167739X23004211}, title = {ExDe: Design space exploration of scheduler architectures and mechanisms for serverless data-processing}, year = 2023 }
• The NarRobot Plugin - Connecting the Social Robot Reeti to the Unity Game Engine. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Siol, Lenny; Ganal, Elisabeth; Maier, Sophia; Lugrin, Birgit. In Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, of HRI ’23 Companion. 2023.
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  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2023narrobot, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Siol, Lenny and Ganal, Elisabeth and Maier, Sophia and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, series = {HRI '23 Companion}, title = {The NarRobot Plugin - Connecting the Social Robot Reeti to the Unity Game Engine}, year = 2023 }
• TaylorPDENet: Learning PDEs from non-grid Data. Heinisch, Paul; Dulny, Andrzej; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. 2023.
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  Modeling data obtained from dynamical systems has gained attention in recent years as a challenging task for machine learning models. Previous approaches assume the measurements to be distributed on a grid. However, for real-world applications like weather prediction, the observations are taken from arbitrary locations within the spatial domain. In this paper, we propose TaylorPDENet - a novel machine learning method that is designed to overcome this challenge. Our algorithm uses the multidimensional Taylor expansion of a dynamical system at each observation point to estimate the spatial derivatives to perform predictions. TaylorPDENet is able to accomplish two objectives simultaneously: accurately forecast the evolution of a complex dynamical system and explicitly reconstruct the underlying differential equation describing the system. We evaluate our model on a variety of advection-diffusion equations with different parameters and show that it performs similarly to equivalent approaches on grid-structured data while being able to process unstructured data as well.

  @misc{heinisch2023taylorpdenet, abstract = {Modeling data obtained from dynamical systems has gained attention in recent years as a challenging task for machine learning models. Previous approaches assume the measurements to be distributed on a grid. However, for real-world applications like weather prediction, the observations are taken from arbitrary locations within the spatial domain. In this paper, we propose TaylorPDENet - a novel machine learning method that is designed to overcome this challenge. Our algorithm uses the multidimensional Taylor expansion of a dynamical system at each observation point to estimate the spatial derivatives to perform predictions. TaylorPDENet is able to accomplish two objectives simultaneously: accurately forecast the evolution of a complex dynamical system and explicitly reconstruct the underlying differential equation describing the system. We evaluate our model on a variety of advection-diffusion equations with different parameters and show that it performs similarly to equivalent approaches on grid-structured data while being able to process unstructured data as well.}, author = {Heinisch, Paul and Dulny, Andrzej and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, keywords = {from:martinr}, note = {cite arxiv:2306.14511}, title = {TaylorPDENet: Learning PDEs from non-grid Data}, year = 2023 }
• Auswirkung von (virtuellen) Körperbildübungen auf das Ernährungsverhalten von Personen mit Adipositas – Ergebnisse der ViTraS-Pilotstudie. Gemesi, Kathrin; Döllinger, Nina; Weinberger, Natascha-Alexandra; Wolf, Erik; Mal, David; Wienrich, Carolin; Luck-Sikorski, Claudia; Bader, Erik; Holzapfel, Christina. In Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie, 17(03), pp. S10–05. 2023.
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  Einleitung Die multimodale Adipositastherapie besteht aus Elementen der Ernährung, der Bewegung und des Verhaltens bzw. des Körperbildes. Anwendungen der virtuellen Realität (VR) können das Methodenspektrum der Körperbildtherapie erweitern. Im vorliegenden Projekt wurde ein VR-System (bestehend aus einem Avatar und einem virtuellen Spiegel) zur Verbesserung von Körperwahrnehmung und Körperbild bei Personen mit Adipositas entwickelt. Methoden Im Rahmen der multizentrischen kontrollierten ViTraS-Pilotstudie (Registrierungsnummer: DRKS00027906) wurden bei Personen mit Adipositas virtuelle bzw. traditionelle Körperbildübungen angewendet. Es fanden drei Sitzungen im Abstand von ca. zwei Wochen statt. Über die Zeit wurden anthropometrische Daten sowie Daten zum Ernährungsverhalten (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) und eine Auswahl von Fragen des The Eating Motivation Survey (TEMS)) erfasst. In zwei Sitzungen wurden Körperbildübungen virtuell (VR-Gruppe) oder nicht-virtuell (Kontrollgruppe) durchgeführt. Eine online Follow-Up-Datenerhebung fand 6 Wochen nach der letzten Sitzung statt. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 66 Personen (VR-Gruppe: 31, Kontrollgruppe: 35) in die Studie eingeschlossen. Die Personen waren zu 79% (52/66) weiblich, 45±13 Jahre alt und der mittlere BMI lag bei 37±4 kg/m2. Die Auswertung des DEBQ Fragebogens hat ergeben, dass in der VR-Gruppe gezügeltes Essverhalten von Anfang bis Ende der Studie signifikant (p<0,05) zugenommen hat. Die Ergebnisse der Auswahl von Fragen des TEMS hat keine signifikanten (p≥0,05) Unterschiede innerhalb oder zwischen den Gruppen ergeben. Schlussfolgerung Die Studie hat ergeben, dass die Durchführung von virtuellen Körperbildübungen eine Auswirkung auf das Ernährungsverhalten von Personen mit Adipositas haben kann.

  @article{gemesi2023auswirkung, abstract = {Einleitung Die multimodale Adipositastherapie besteht aus Elementen der Ernährung, der Bewegung und des Verhaltens bzw. des Körperbildes. Anwendungen der virtuellen Realität (VR) können das Methodenspektrum der Körperbildtherapie erweitern. Im vorliegenden Projekt wurde ein VR-System (bestehend aus einem Avatar und einem virtuellen Spiegel) zur Verbesserung von Körperwahrnehmung und Körperbild bei Personen mit Adipositas entwickelt. Methoden Im Rahmen der multizentrischen kontrollierten ViTraS-Pilotstudie (Registrierungsnummer: DRKS00027906) wurden bei Personen mit Adipositas virtuelle bzw. traditionelle Körperbildübungen angewendet. Es fanden drei Sitzungen im Abstand von ca. zwei Wochen statt. Über die Zeit wurden anthropometrische Daten sowie Daten zum Ernährungsverhalten (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) und eine Auswahl von Fragen des The Eating Motivation Survey (TEMS)) erfasst. In zwei Sitzungen wurden Körperbildübungen virtuell (VR-Gruppe) oder nicht-virtuell (Kontrollgruppe) durchgeführt. Eine online Follow-Up-Datenerhebung fand 6 Wochen nach der letzten Sitzung statt. Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 66 Personen (VR-Gruppe: 31, Kontrollgruppe: 35) in die Studie eingeschlossen. Die Personen waren zu 79% (52/66) weiblich, 45±13 Jahre alt und der mittlere BMI lag bei 37±4 kg/m2. Die Auswertung des DEBQ Fragebogens hat ergeben, dass in der VR-Gruppe gezügeltes Essverhalten von Anfang bis Ende der Studie signifikant (p<0,05) zugenommen hat. Die Ergebnisse der Auswahl von Fragen des TEMS hat keine signifikanten (p≥0,05) Unterschiede innerhalb oder zwischen den Gruppen ergeben. Schlussfolgerung Die Studie hat ergeben, dass die Durchführung von virtuellen Körperbildübungen eine Auswirkung auf das Ernährungsverhalten von Personen mit Adipositas haben kann.}, author = {Gemesi, Kathrin and Döllinger, Nina and Weinberger, Natascha-Alexandra and Wolf, Erik and Mal, David and Wienrich, Carolin and Luck-Sikorski, Claudia and Bader, Erik and Holzapfel, Christina}, journal = {Adipositas - Ursachen, Folgeerkrankungen, Therapie}, keywords = {dmal}, number = {03}, pages = {S10-05}, title = {Auswirkung von (virtuellen) Körperbildübungen auf das Ernährungsverhalten von Personen mit Adipositas – Ergebnisse der ViTraS-Pilotstudie}, volume = 17, year = 2023 }
• Can Neural Networks Distinguish High-school Level Mathematical Concepts?. Wankerl, Sebastian; Dulny, Andrzej; Goetz, Gerhard; Hotho, Andreas. In Accepted at ICDM. 2023.
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  Processing symbolic mathematics algorithmically is an important field of research. It has applications in computer algebra systems and supports researchers as well as applied mathematicians in their daily work. Recently, exploring the ability of neural networks to grasp mathematical concepts has received special attention. One particularly complex task for neural networks is to understand the relation of two mathematical expressions to each other. Despite the advances in learning mathematical relationships, previous studies are limited by small-scale datasets, relatively simple formula construction by few axiomatic rules and even artifacts in the data. With this work, we aim at overcoming these limitations and provide a deeper insight into the representation power of neural networks for classifying mathematical relations. We introduce a novel data generation algorithm to allow for more complex formula compositions and fully include mathematical fields up to high-school level. We research several tree-based and sequential neural architectures for classifying mathematical relations and conduct a systematic analysis of the models against rule-based as well as neural baselines with a focus on varying data set complexity, generalization abilities, and understanding of syntactical patterns. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of tree-structured models for this task and show the potential of deep learning models to distinguish high-school level mathematical concepts.

  @conference{wankerl2023neural, abstract = {Processing symbolic mathematics algorithmically is an important field of research. It has applications in computer algebra systems and supports researchers as well as applied mathematicians in their daily work. Recently, exploring the ability of neural networks to grasp mathematical concepts has received special attention. One particularly complex task for neural networks is to understand the relation of two mathematical expressions to each other. Despite the advances in learning mathematical relationships, previous studies are limited by small-scale datasets, relatively simple formula construction by few axiomatic rules and even artifacts in the data. With this work, we aim at overcoming these limitations and provide a deeper insight into the representation power of neural networks for classifying mathematical relations. We introduce a novel data generation algorithm to allow for more complex formula compositions and fully include mathematical fields up to high-school level. We research several tree-based and sequential neural architectures for classifying mathematical relations and conduct a systematic analysis of the models against rule-based as well as neural baselines with a focus on varying data set complexity, generalization abilities, and understanding of syntactical patterns. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of tree-structured models for this task and show the potential of deep learning models to distinguish high-school level mathematical concepts.}, author = {Wankerl, Sebastian and Dulny, Andrzej and Goetz, Gerhard and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Accepted at ICDM}, keywords = {from:martinr}, title = {Can Neural Networks Distinguish High-school Level Mathematical Concepts?}, year = 2023 }
• Long-Term Effects of Perceived Friendship with Intelligent Voice Assistants on Usage Behavior, User Experience, and Social Perceptions. Wienrich, Carolin; Carolus, Astrid; Markus, André; Augustin, Yannik; Pfister, Jan; Hotho, Andreas. In Computers, 12(4). 2023.
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  Social patterns and roles can develop when users talk to intelligent voice assistants (IVAs) daily. The current study investigates whether users assign different roles to devices and how this affects their usage behavior, user experience, and social perceptions. Since social roles take time to establish, we equipped 106 participants with Alexa or Google assistants and some smart home devices and observed their interactions for nine months. We analyzed diverse subjective (questionnaire) and objective data (interaction data). By combining social science and data science analyses, we identified two distinct clusters—users who assigned a friendship role to IVAs over time and users who did not. Interestingly, these clusters exhibited significant differences in their usage behavior, user experience, and social perceptions of the devices. For example, participants who assigned a role to IVAs attributed more friendship to them used them more frequently, reported more enjoyment during interactions, and perceived more empathy for IVAs. In addition, these users had distinct personal requirements, for example, they reported more loneliness. This study provides valuable insights into the role-specific effects and consequences of voice assistants. Recent developments in conversational language models such as ChatGPT suggest that the findings of this study could make an important contribution to the design of dialogic human–AI interactions.

  @article{wienrich2023longterm, abstract = {Social patterns and roles can develop when users talk to intelligent voice assistants (IVAs) daily. The current study investigates whether users assign different roles to devices and how this affects their usage behavior, user experience, and social perceptions. Since social roles take time to establish, we equipped 106 participants with Alexa or Google assistants and some smart home devices and observed their interactions for nine months. We analyzed diverse subjective (questionnaire) and objective data (interaction data). By combining social science and data science analyses, we identified two distinct clusters—users who assigned a friendship role to IVAs over time and users who did not. Interestingly, these clusters exhibited significant differences in their usage behavior, user experience, and social perceptions of the devices. For example, participants who assigned a role to IVAs attributed more friendship to them used them more frequently, reported more enjoyment during interactions, and perceived more empathy for IVAs. In addition, these users had distinct personal requirements, for example, they reported more loneliness. This study provides valuable insights into the role-specific effects and consequences of voice assistants. Recent developments in conversational language models such as ChatGPT suggest that the findings of this study could make an important contribution to the design of dialogic human–AI interactions.}, author = {Wienrich, Carolin and Carolus, Astrid and Markus, André and Augustin, Yannik and Pfister, Jan and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Computers}, keywords = {from:janpf}, number = 4, title = {Long-Term Effects of Perceived Friendship with Intelligent Voice Assistants on Usage Behavior, User Experience, and Social Perceptions}, volume = 12, year = 2023 }
• A Simple Pipeline for Orthogonal Graph Drawing. Hegemann, Tim; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 31st Int. Symp. Graph Drawing & Network Vis. (GD’23), of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, M. Bekos, M. Chimani (eds.). Springer-Verlag, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{hw-spogd-GD23, author = {Hegemann, Tim and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 31st Int. Symp. Graph Drawing & Network Vis. (GD'23)}, editor = {Bekos, Michael and Chimani, Markus}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {A Simple Pipeline for Orthogonal Graph Drawing}, year = 2023 }
• Traversing the Pass: Improving the Knowledge Retention of Serious Games Using a Pedagogical Agent. Krop, Philipp; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents. Association for Computing Machinery, Würzburg, Germany, 2023.
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  Machine learning is an essential aspect of modern life that many educational institutions incorporate into their curricula. Often, students struggle to grasp how neural networks learn. Teaching these concepts could be assisted with pedagogical agents and serious games, which both have proven helpful for complex topics like engineering. We present "Traversing the Pass," a serious game that utilizes a mentor-like agent to explain the underlying machine learning concepts and provides feedback. We optimized the agent’s design in a pre-study before evaluating its effectiveness compared to a text-only user interface with experts and students. Participants performed better in a second assessment two weeks later if they played the game using the agent. Although criticized as repetitive, the game created an understanding of basic machine learning concepts and achieved high flow values. Our results indicate that agents could be used to enhance the beneficial effects of serious games with improved knowledge retention.

  @inproceedings{krop2023traversing, abstract = {Machine learning is an essential aspect of modern life that many educational institutions incorporate into their curricula. Often, students struggle to grasp how neural networks learn. Teaching these concepts could be assisted with pedagogical agents and serious games, which both have proven helpful for complex topics like engineering. We present "Traversing the Pass," a serious game that utilizes a mentor-like agent to explain the underlying machine learning concepts and provides feedback. We optimized the agent’s design in a pre-study before evaluating its effectiveness compared to a text-only user interface with experts and students. Participants performed better in a second assessment two weeks later if they played the game using the agent. Although criticized as repetitive, the game created an understanding of basic machine learning concepts and achieved high flow values. Our results indicate that agents could be used to enhance the beneficial effects of serious games with improved knowledge retention.}, address = {Würzburg, Germany}, author = {Krop, Philipp and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents}, keywords = {aiatwork}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Traversing the Pass: Improving the Knowledge Retention of Serious Games Using a Pedagogical Agent}, year = 2023 }
• An Approach to Investigate an Influence of Visual Angle Size on Emotional Activation During a Decision-Making Task. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Birnstiel, Sandra; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality (HCII 2023), of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 649–664. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2023.
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  Decision-making is an important ability in our daily lives. Decision-making can be influenced by emotions. A virtual environment and objects in it might follow an emotional design, thus potentially influ- encing the mood of a user. A higher visual angle on a particular stimulus can lead to a higher emotional response to it. The use of immersive vir- tual reality (VR) surrounds a user visually with a virtual environment, as opposed to the partial immersion of using a normal computer screen. This higher immersion may result in a greater visual angle on a particu- lar stimulus and thus a stronger emotional response to it. In a between- subjects user study, we compare the results of a decision-making task in VR presented in three different visual angles. We used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) as task and to detect potential differences in decision-making. The IGT was displayed in one of three dimensions, thus yielding visual angles of 20◦, 35◦, and 50◦. Our results indicate no difference between the three conditions with respect to decision-making. Thus, our results possibly imply that a higher visual angle has no influence on a task that is influenced by emotions but is otherwise cognitive.

  @inproceedings{oberdorfer2023approach, abstract = {Decision-making is an important ability in our daily lives. Decision-making can be influenced by emotions. A virtual environment and objects in it might follow an emotional design, thus potentially influ- encing the mood of a user. A higher visual angle on a particular stimulus can lead to a higher emotional response to it. The use of immersive vir- tual reality (VR) surrounds a user visually with a virtual environment, as opposed to the partial immersion of using a normal computer screen. This higher immersion may result in a greater visual angle on a particu- lar stimulus and thus a stronger emotional response to it. In a between- subjects user study, we compare the results of a decision-making task in VR presented in three different visual angles. We used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) as task and to detect potential differences in decision-making. The IGT was displayed in one of three dimensions, thus yielding visual angles of 20◦, 35◦, and 50◦. Our results indicate no difference between the three conditions with respect to decision-making. Thus, our results possibly imply that a higher visual angle has no influence on a task that is influenced by emotions but is otherwise cognitive.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Birnstiel, Sandra and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality (HCII 2023)}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = {649–664}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {An Approach to Investigate an Influence of Visual Angle Size on Emotional Activation During a Decision-Making Task}, year = 2023 }
• Virtual Reality im modernen Englischunterricht und das Potenzial für Inter- und Transkulturelles Lernen - Eine Pilotstudie. Hein, Rebecca; Steinbock, Jeanine; Eisenmann, Maria; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In MedienPädagogik: Zeitschrift für Theorie Und Praxis Der Medienbildung, (51), M. Mulders; J. Buchner; A. Dengel; R. Zender (eds.), pp. 191–213. 2023.
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  Dieser Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse des Seminarkonzepts und der durchgeführten Begleitforschung zum inter- und transkulturellen Lernen in Virtual Reality (VR). Im Rahmen eines Universitätsseminars entwarfen TEFL-Studierende (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) Unterrichtsstunden für fortgeschrittene Lernende des Faches Englisch der gymnasialen Oberstufe, die sich mit der Entwicklung von Empathie und der Fähigkeit zur Perspektivübernahme in interkulturellen Kommunikations- und Austauschsituationen befassten. Der Fokus des Konzepts lag dabei auf dem Verständnis und der Annahme kultureller Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede. Hier werden beispielhaft zwei der erstellten Unterrichtsentwürfe für VR Interventionen vorgestellt und diskutiert. Begleitend zum Seminar wurden empirische Daten erhoben. Zum einen wurde das Potenzial des InteractionSuitcase (eine Sammlung virtueller Objekte) von den Studierenden bewertet. Zum anderen wurde explorativ eine qualitative Methode zur Messung interkultureller Kompetenz (Autobiography of Intercultural Encounters) getestet. Die Ergebnisse dieser explorativen Pilotstudie zeigen, dass die Interaktion mit dem InteractionSuitcase von den Studierenden als intuitiv und gewinnbringend für die Konzeption von Unterrichtskonzepten bewertet wurde. Dennoch integrierten die Studierenden die Manipulation der virtuellen Avatare häufiger im Gegensatz zum InteractionSuitcase in die Unterrichtskonzepte. Der Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel, das Potenzial von VR für inter- und transkulturelles Lernen im gymnasialen Englischunterricht zu identifizieren.

  @article{hein2023medienpaed, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse des Seminarkonzepts und der durchgeführten Begleitforschung zum inter- und transkulturellen Lernen in Virtual Reality (VR). Im Rahmen eines Universitätsseminars entwarfen TEFL-Studierende (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) Unterrichtsstunden für fortgeschrittene Lernende des Faches Englisch der gymnasialen Oberstufe, die sich mit der Entwicklung von Empathie und der Fähigkeit zur Perspektivübernahme in interkulturellen Kommunikations- und Austauschsituationen befassten. Der Fokus des Konzepts lag dabei auf dem Verständnis und der Annahme kultureller Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede. Hier werden beispielhaft zwei der erstellten Unterrichtsentwürfe für VR Interventionen vorgestellt und diskutiert. Begleitend zum Seminar wurden empirische Daten erhoben. Zum einen wurde das Potenzial des InteractionSuitcase (eine Sammlung virtueller Objekte) von den Studierenden bewertet. Zum anderen wurde explorativ eine qualitative Methode zur Messung interkultureller Kompetenz (Autobiography of Intercultural Encounters) getestet. Die Ergebnisse dieser explorativen Pilotstudie zeigen, dass die Interaktion mit dem InteractionSuitcase von den Studierenden als intuitiv und gewinnbringend für die Konzeption von Unterrichtskonzepten bewertet wurde. Dennoch integrierten die Studierenden die Manipulation der virtuellen Avatare häufiger im Gegensatz zum InteractionSuitcase in die Unterrichtskonzepte. Der Beitrag verfolgt das Ziel, das Potenzial von VR für inter- und transkulturelles Lernen im gymnasialen Englischunterricht zu identifizieren.}, author = {Hein, Rebecca and Steinbock, Jeanine and Eisenmann, Maria and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, editor = {Mulders, Miriam and Buchner, Josef and Dengel, Andreas and Zender, Raphael}, journal = {MedienPädagogik: Zeitschrift für Theorie Und Praxis Der Medienbildung}, keywords = {coteach}, number = 51, pages = {191-213}, title = {Virtual Reality im modernen Englischunterricht und das Potenzial für Inter- und Transkulturelles Lernen - Eine Pilotstudie}, year = 2023 }
• Using a Social Robot as a Hotel Assessment Tool. Lein, Martina; Donnermann, Melissa; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lugrin, Birgit. In Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{lein2023, author = {Lein, Martina and Donnermann, Melissa and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)}, keywords = {lein}, title = {Using a Social Robot as a Hotel Assessment Tool}, year = 2023 }
• Virtual reality in medical emergencies training: benefits, perceived stress, and learning success. M{ü}hling, Tobias; Sp{ä}th, Isabelle; Backhaus, Joy; Milke, Nathalie; Oberd{ö}rfer, Sebastian; Meining, Alexander; Latoschik, Marc Erich; K{ö}nig, Sarah. In Multimedia Systems, 29(4), pp. 2239–2252. Springer Nature, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Medical graduates lack procedural skills experience required to manage emergencies. Recent advances in virtual reality (VR)technology enable the creation of highly immersive learning environments representing easy-to-use and affordable solutionsfor training with simulation. However, the feasibility in compulsory teaching, possible side effects of immersion, perceivedstress, and didactic benefits have to be investigated systematically. VR-based training sessions using head-mounted displaysalongside a real-time dynamic physiology system were held by student assistants for small groups followed by debriefing witha tutor. In the pilot study, 36 students rated simulation sickness. In the main study, 97 students completed a virtual scenarioas active participants (AP) and 130 students as observers (OBS) from the first-person perspective on a monitor. Participantscompleted questionnaires for evaluation purposes and exploratory factor analysis was performed on the items. The extent ofsimulation sickness remained low to acceptable among participants of the pilot study. In the main study, students valued therealistic environment and guided practical exercise. AP perceived the degree of immersion as well as the estimated learn-ing success to be greater than OBS and proved to be more motivated post training. With respect to AP, the factor “sense ofcontrol” revealed a typical inverse U-shaped relationship to the scales “didactic value” and “individual learning benefit”.Summing up, curricular implementation of highly immersive VR-based training of emergencies proved feasible and founda high degree of acceptance among medical students. This study also provides insights into how different conceptions of perceived stress distinctively moderate subjective learning success.

  @article{muhling:2023, abstract = {Medical graduates lack procedural skills experience required to manage emergencies. Recent advances in virtual reality (VR)technology enable the creation of highly immersive learning environments representing easy-to-use and affordable solutionsfor training with simulation. However, the feasibility in compulsory teaching, possible side effects of immersion, perceivedstress, and didactic benefits have to be investigated systematically. VR-based training sessions using head-mounted displaysalongside a real-time dynamic physiology system were held by student assistants for small groups followed by debriefing witha tutor. In the pilot study, 36 students rated simulation sickness. In the main study, 97 students completed a virtual scenarioas active participants (AP) and 130 students as observers (OBS) from the first-person perspective on a monitor. Participantscompleted questionnaires for evaluation purposes and exploratory factor analysis was performed on the items. The extent ofsimulation sickness remained low to acceptable among participants of the pilot study. In the main study, students valued therealistic environment and guided practical exercise. AP perceived the degree of immersion as well as the estimated learn-ing success to be greater than OBS and proved to be more motivated post training. With respect to AP, the factor “sense ofcontrol” revealed a typical inverse U-shaped relationship to the scales “didactic value” and “individual learning benefit”.Summing up, curricular implementation of highly immersive VR-based training of emergencies proved feasible and founda high degree of acceptance among medical students. This study also provides insights into how different conceptions of perceived stress distinctively moderate subjective learning success.}, author = {M{\"u}hling, Tobias and Sp{\"a}th, Isabelle and Backhaus, Joy and Milke, Nathalie and Oberd{\"o}rfer, Sebastian and Meining, Alexander and Latoschik, Marc Erich and K{\"o}nig, Sarah}, journal = {Multimedia Systems}, keywords = {myown}, number = 4, pages = {2239–2252}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {Virtual reality in medical emergencies training: benefits, perceived stress, and learning success}, volume = 29, year = 2023 }
• Holographic Augmented Reality Mirrors for Daily Self-Reflection on the Own Body Image. Fiedler, Marie Luisa; Wolf, Erik; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In CHI 2023 WS28 Integrating Individual and Social Contexts into Self-Reflection Technologies Workshop, pp. 1–4. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Mirror self-reflection can help us to develop a deeper understanding and appreciation of our body. Due to technological advancements, holographic augmented reality (AR) mirrors can create realistic visualizations of virtual humans that can represent one's appearance in an altered way while remaining in a familiar environment. Further developing those mirrors opens a new field for use in everyday life. In this work, we outline possible future scenarios where AR mirrors can empower individuals to visualize their emotions, thought patterns, and discrepancies related to their physical body and mental body image. Thus, AR mirrors can encourage their self-reflection, promote a positive and healthy relationship with their bodies, or motivate them to take action to improve their well-being.

  @inproceedings{fiedler2023holographic, abstract = {Mirror self-reflection can help us to develop a deeper understanding and appreciation of our body. Due to technological advancements, holographic augmented reality (AR) mirrors can create realistic visualizations of virtual humans that can represent one's appearance in an altered way while remaining in a familiar environment. Further developing those mirrors opens a new field for use in everyday life. In this work, we outline possible future scenarios where AR mirrors can empower individuals to visualize their emotions, thought patterns, and discrepancies related to their physical body and mental body image. Thus, AR mirrors can encourage their self-reflection, promote a positive and healthy relationship with their bodies, or motivate them to take action to improve their well-being.}, author = {Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Wolf, Erik and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {CHI 2023 WS28 Integrating Individual and Social Contexts into Self-Reflection Technologies Workshop}, keywords = {mfiedler}, pages = {1-4}, title = {Holographic Augmented Reality Mirrors for Daily Self-Reflection on the Own Body Image}, year = 2023 }
• {User-Centered Engineering of an Interactive Land Use Exploration Tool}. Buhl, Tobias; Marcomin, David; Fallert, Stefan; Blechschmidt, Jana; B{ö}nisch, Franziska; Mark, Robert; Sarmento Cabral, Juliano; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis), S. Dutta, K. Feige, K. Rink, D. Zeckzer (eds.). The Eurographics Association, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @inproceedings{Buhl:2023aa, author = {Buhl, Tobias and Marcomin, David and Fallert, Stefan and Blechschmidt, Jana and B{\"o}nisch, Franziska and Mark, Robert and Sarmento Cabral, Juliano and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental Sciences (EnvirVis)}, editor = {Dutta, Soumya and Feige, Kathrin and Rink, Karsten and Zeckzer, Dirk}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association}, title = {{User-Centered Engineering of an Interactive Land Use Exploration Tool}}, year = 2023 }
• Posture Parameters for Personality-Enhanced Virtual Audiences. Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Topel, Jessica; Glémarec, Yann; Lugrin, Birgit; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @conference{lugrin2023posture, author = {Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Topel, Jessica and Glémarec, Yann and Lugrin, Birgit and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA)}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, title = {Posture Parameters for Personality-Enhanced Virtual Audiences}, year = 2023 }
• Independent Set in $k$-Claw-Free Graphs: Conditional $\chi$-Boundedness and the Power of {LP/SDP} Relaxations. Chalermsook, Parinya; Gadekar, Ameet; Khodamoradi, Kamyar; Spoerhase, Joachim. In Proc. International Workshop on Approximation and Online Algorithms (WAOA’23). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{chalermsook-etal23:k-claw-free, author = {Chalermsook, Parinya and Gadekar, Ameet and Khodamoradi, Kamyar and Spoerhase, Joachim}, booktitle = {Proc. International Workshop on Approximation and Online Algorithms (WAOA'23)}, keywords = {graph}, note = {to appear}, title = {Independent Set in $k$-Claw-Free Graphs: Conditional $\chi$-Boundedness and the Power of {LP/SDP} Relaxations}, year = 2023 }
• Towards Querying Multimodal Annotations Using Graphs. Bruschke, Jonas; Köber, Cindy; Utescher, Ronja; Niebling, Florian. In Research and Education in Urban History in the Age of Digital Libraries, S. Münster, A. Pattee, C. Kröber, F. Niebling (eds.), pp. 65–87. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Photographs and 3D reconstructions of buildings as well as textual information and documents play an important role in art history and architectural studies when it comes to investigating architecture, the construction history of buildings, and the impact these constructions had on a city. Advanced tools have the potential to enhance and support research workflows and source criticism by linking corresponding materials and annotations, such that relevant data can be quickly queried and identified. Images are a primary source in the 3D reconstruction process, with the possibility to create spatializations of additional photographs of buildings which were not part of the initial SfM process, enabling the linking of annotations between these photographs and the respective 3D model. In contrast, identifying and locating respective annotations in text sources requires a different approach due to their more abstract nature. This paper presents concepts for automatic linking of texts and their respective annotations to corresponding images, as well as to 3D models and their annotations. Controlled vocabularies for architectural elements and a graph representation are utilized to reduce ambiguity when querying related instances.

  @inproceedings{10.1007/978-3-031-38871-2_5, abstract = {Photographs and 3D reconstructions of buildings as well as textual information and documents play an important role in art history and architectural studies when it comes to investigating architecture, the construction history of buildings, and the impact these constructions had on a city. Advanced tools have the potential to enhance and support research workflows and source criticism by linking corresponding materials and annotations, such that relevant data can be quickly queried and identified. Images are a primary source in the 3D reconstruction process, with the possibility to create spatializations of additional photographs of buildings which were not part of the initial SfM process, enabling the linking of annotations between these photographs and the respective 3D model. In contrast, identifying and locating respective annotations in text sources requires a different approach due to their more abstract nature. This paper presents concepts for automatic linking of texts and their respective annotations to corresponding images, as well as to 3D models and their annotations. Controlled vocabularies for architectural elements and a graph representation are utilized to reduce ambiguity when querying related instances.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Bruschke, Jonas and Köber, Cindy and Utescher, Ronja and Niebling, Florian}, booktitle = {Research and Education in Urban History in the Age of Digital Libraries}, editor = {Münster, Sander and Pattee, Aaron and Kröber, Cindy and Niebling, Florian}, keywords = {histstadt4d}, pages = {65–87}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {Towards Querying Multimodal Annotations Using Graphs}, year = 2023 }
• Ontologically Mapping Learning Objectives to Gameplay Goals. Chetitah, Mounsif; von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2023 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG), pp. 1–4. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Chetitah:2023ab, author = {Chetitah, Mounsif and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1-4}, title = {Ontologically Mapping Learning Objectives to Gameplay Goals}, year = 2023 }
• Measuring trust with the Wayfinding Task: Implementing a novel task in immersive virtual reality and desktop setups across remote and in-person test environments. Clements, Michael F.; Brübach, Larissa; Glazov, Jessica; Gu, Stephanie; Kashif, Rahila; Catmur, Caroline; Georgescu, Alexandra L. In PLOS ONE. 2023.
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  @article{clements2023measuring, author = {Clements, Michael F. and Brübach, Larissa and Glazov, Jessica and Gu, Stephanie and Kashif, Rahila and Catmur, Caroline and Georgescu, Alexandra L.}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Measuring trust with the Wayfinding Task: Implementing a novel task in immersive virtual reality and desktop setups across remote and in-person test environments}, year = 2023 }
• An Evaluation of Dichoptic Tonemapping in Virtual Reality Experiences. Mišiak, Martin; Müller, Tom; Fuhrmann, Arnulph; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In GI VR/AR Workshop. Gesellschaft für Informatik eV, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{misiak2023evaluation, author = {Mišiak, Martin and Müller, Tom and Fuhrmann, Arnulph and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {GI VR/AR Workshop}, keywords = {myown}, organization = {Gesellschaft für Informatik eV}, title = {An Evaluation of Dichoptic Tonemapping in Virtual Reality Experiences}, year = 2023 }
• Behavioural Adaptation Towards Foreign Virtual Agents in VR - the Impact of Non-Native Speech. Obremski, David; Brucker, Eva; Friedrich, Paula; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, of IVA ’23. ACM, Würzburg, Germany, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{Obremski2023IVAPosterAFC, author = {Obremski, David and Brucker, Eva and Friedrich, Paula and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents}, keywords = {mi}, note = {in press}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {IVA '23}, title = {Behavioural Adaptation Towards Foreign Virtual Agents in VR - the Impact of Non-Native Speech}, year = 2023 }
• Visualizing Multispecies Coalescent Trees: Drawing Gene Trees Inside Species Trees. Klawitter, Jonathan; Klesen, Felix; Niederer, Moritz; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM’23), Vol. 13878 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, L. G\ąsieniec (ed.), pp. 96–110. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{kknw-vmct-SOFSEM23, author = {Klawitter, Jonathan and Klesen, Felix and Niederer, Moritz and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM'23)}, editor = {G\ąsieniec, Leszek}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {96–110}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Visualizing Multispecies Coalescent Trees: Drawing Gene Trees Inside Species Trees}, volume = 13878, year = 2023 }
• Outside-Obstacle Representations with All Vertices on the Outer Face. Firman, Oksana; Kindermann, Philipp; Klawitter, Jonathan; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 30th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD’22), Vol. 13764 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, P. Angelini, R. von Hanxleden (eds.), pp. 432–440. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{fkkkkw-ooravof-GD22, author = {Firman, Oksana and Kindermann, Philipp and Klawitter, Jonathan and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 30th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD'22)}, editor = {Angelini, Patrizio and von Hanxleden, Reinhard}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {432–440}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Outside-Obstacle Representations with All Vertices on the Outer Face}, volume = 13764, year = 2023 }
• Recommendation of Secure Group Communication Schemes using Multi Objective Optimization. Prantl, Thomas; Bauer, André; Iffländer, Lukas; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In International Journal of Information Security. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{PrBaIfKrKo_IJoIS_SGC_Pareto, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Bauer, André and Iffländer, Lukas and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {International Journal of Information Security}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, title = {Recommendation of Secure Group Communication Schemes using Multi Objective Optimization}, year = 2023 }
• The Complexity of Drawing Graphs on Few Lines and Few Planes. Chaplick, Steven; Fleszar, Krzysztof; Lipp, Fabian; Ravsky, Alexander; Verbitsky, Oleg; Wolff, Alexander. In Journal of Graph Algorithms \& Applications, 27(6), pp. 459–488. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  It is well known that any graph admits a crossing-free straight-line drawing in~$\reals^3$ and that any planar graph admits the same even in~$\reals^2$. For a graph~$G$ and $d \in \{2,3\}$, let $\rho^1_d(G)$ denote the smallest number of lines in~$\reals^d$ whose union contains a crossing-free straight-line drawing of~$G$. For $d=2$, the graph~$G$ must be planar. Similarly, let $\rho^2_3(G)$ denote the smallest number of \emph{planes} in~$\reals^3$ whose union contains a crossing-free straight-line drawing of~$G$. We investigate the complexity of computing these three parameters and obtain the following hardness and algorithmic results. \par For $d\in\{2,3\}$, we prove that deciding whether $\rho^1_d(G)\le k$ for a given graph~$G$ and integer~$k$ is $\erclass$-complete. \par Since $\cNP\subseteq\erclass$, deciding $\rho^1_d(G)\le k$ is \cNP-hard for $d\in\{2,3\}$. On the positive side, we show that the problem is fixed-parameter tractable with respect to~$k$. \par Since $\erclass\subseteq\cPSPACE$, both $\rho^1_2(G)$ and $\rho^1_3(G)$ are computable in polynomial space. On the negative side, we show that % drawings that are optimal with respect to $\rho^1_2$ or $\rho^1_3$ sometimes require irrational coordinates. \par We prove that deciding whether $\rho^2_3(G)\le k$ is \cNP-hard for any fixed $k \ge 2$. Hence, the problem is not fixed-parameter tractable with respect to~$k$ unless $\cP=\cNP$.

  @article{cflrvw-cdgfl-JGAA23, abstract = {It is well known that any graph admits a crossing-free straight-line drawing in $\reals^3$ and that any planar graph admits the same even in $\reals^2$. For a graph $G$ and $d \in \{2,3\}$, let $\rho^1_d(G)$ denote the smallest number of lines in $\reals^d$ whose union contains a crossing-free straight-line drawing of $G$. For $d=2$, the graph $G$ must be planar. Similarly, let $\rho^2_3(G)$ denote the smallest number of \emph{planes} in $\reals^3$ whose union contains a crossing-free straight-line drawing of $G$. We investigate the complexity of computing these three parameters and obtain the following hardness and algorithmic results. \par For $d\in\{2,3\}$, we prove that deciding whether $\rho^1_d(G)\le k$ for a given graph $G$ and integer $k$ is $\erclass$-complete. \par Since $\cNP\subseteq\erclass$, deciding $\rho^1_d(G)\le k$ is \cNP-hard for $d\in\{2,3\}$. On the positive side, we show that the problem is fixed-parameter tractable with respect to $k$. \par Since $\erclass\subseteq\cPSPACE$, both $\rho^1_2(G)$ and $\rho^1_3(G)$ are computable in polynomial space. On the negative side, we show that % drawings that are optimal with respect to $\rho^1_2$ or $\rho^1_3$ sometimes require irrational coordinates. \par We prove that deciding whether $\rho^2_3(G)\le k$ is \cNP-hard for any fixed $k \ge 2$. Hence, the problem is not fixed-parameter tractable with respect to $k$ unless $\cP=\cNP$.}, author = {Chaplick, Steven and Fleszar, Krzysztof and Lipp, Fabian and Ravsky, Alexander and Verbitsky, Oleg and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Journal of Graph Algorithms \& Applications}, keywords = {visual_complexity}, number = 6, pages = {459–488}, title = {The Complexity of Drawing Graphs on Few Lines and Few Planes}, volume = 27, year = 2023 }
• Coloring Mixed and Directional Interval Graphs. Gutowski, Grzegorz; Mittelstädt, Florian; Rutter, Ignaz; Spoerhase, Joachim; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 30th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 13764 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, P. Angelini, R. von Hanxleden (eds.), pp. 418–431. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{gmrswz-cmdig-GD22, author = {Gutowski, Grzegorz and Mittelstädt, Florian and Rutter, Ignaz and Spoerhase, Joachim and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 30th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Angelini, Patrizio and von Hanxleden, Reinhard}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {418–431}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Coloring Mixed and Directional Interval Graphs}, volume = 13764, year = 2023 }
• Work, Trade, Learn: Developing an Immersive Serious Game for History Education. Fernes, David; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2023 9th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  History education often struggles with a lack of interest from students. Serious games can help make learning about history more engaging. Students can directly experience situations of the past as well as interact and communicate with agents representing people of the respective era. This allows for situated learning. Besides using computer screens, the gameplay can also be experienced using immersive Virtual Reality (VR). VR adds an additional spatial level and can further increase the engagement as well as vividness. To investigate the benefits of using VR for serious games targeting the learning of history, we developed a serious game for desktop-3D and VR. Our serious game puts a player into the role of a medieval miller’s apprentice. Following a situated learning approach, the learner operates a mill and interacts with several other characters. These agents discuss relevant facts of the medieval life, thus enabling the construction of knowledge about the life in medieval towns. An evaluation showed that the game in general was successful in increasing the user’s knowledge about the covered topics as well as their topic interest in history. Whether the immersive VR or the simple desktop version of the application was used did not have any influence on these results. Additional feedback was gathered to improve the game further in the future.

  @inproceedings{fernes2023trade, abstract = {History education often struggles with a lack of interest from students. Serious games can help make learning about history more engaging. Students can directly experience situations of the past as well as interact and communicate with agents representing people of the respective era. This allows for situated learning. Besides using computer screens, the gameplay can also be experienced using immersive Virtual Reality (VR). VR adds an additional spatial level and can further increase the engagement as well as vividness. To investigate the benefits of using VR for serious games targeting the learning of history, we developed a serious game for desktop-3D and VR. Our serious game puts a player into the role of a medieval miller’s apprentice. Following a situated learning approach, the learner operates a mill and interacts with several other characters. These agents discuss relevant facts of the medieval life, thus enabling the construction of knowledge about the life in medieval towns. An evaluation showed that the game in general was successful in increasing the user’s knowledge about the covered topics as well as their topic interest in history. Whether the immersive VR or the simple desktop version of the application was used did not have any influence on these results. Additional feedback was gathered to improve the game further in the future.}, author = {Fernes, David and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2023 9th International Conference of the Immersive Learning Research Network (iLRN)}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Work, Trade, Learn: Developing an Immersive Serious Game for History Education}, year = 2023 }
• Higher-Order DeepTrails: Unified Approach to *Trails. Koopmann, Tobias; Pfister, Jan; Markus, André; Carolus, Astrid; Wienrich, Carolin; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the {LWDA} 2023 Workshops: FGWM, FGKD, and FGDB, Marburg (Germany), Oktober 9-11th, 2023, of {CEUR} Workshop Proceedings, M. Leyer, J. Wichmann (eds.). CEUR-WS.org, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{koopmann2023higherorder, author = {Koopmann, Tobias and Pfister, Jan and Markus, André and Carolus, Astrid and Wienrich, Carolin and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {LWDA} 2023 Workshops: FGWM, FGKD, and FGDB, Marburg (Germany), Oktober 9-11th, 2023}, editor = {Leyer, Michael and Wichmann, Johannes}, keywords = {from:martinr}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, series = {{CEUR} Workshop Proceedings}, title = {Higher-Order DeepTrails: Unified Approach to *Trails}, year = 2023 }
• Do you Agree? Contrasting Google’s Core Web Vitals and the Impact of Cookie Consent Banners with Actual Web QoE. Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Michael; Schatz, Raimund; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In Quality and User Experience. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Providing sophisticated web Quality of Experience (QoE) has become paramount for web service providers and network operators alike. Due to advances in web technologies (HTML5, respon- sive design, etc.), traditional web QoE models focusing mainly on loading times have to be refined and improved. In this work, we relate Google’s Core Web Vitals, a set of metrics for improving user experience, to the loading time aspects of web QoE, and investigate whether the Core Web Vitals and web QoE agree on the perceived experience. To this end, we first perform objective measurements in the web using Google’s Lighthouse. To close the gap be- tween metrics and experience, we complement these objective measurements with subjective assessment by performing multiple crowdsourcing QoE studies. For this purpose, we developed CWeQS, a customized framework to emulate the entire web page loading process, and ask users for their experience while controlling the Core Web Vitals, which is available to the public. To properly configure CWeQS for the planned QoE study and the crowdsourcing setup, we conduct pre-studies, in which we evaluate the importance of the loading strategy of a web page and the impor- tance of the user task. The obtained insights allow us to conduct the desired QoE studies for each of the Core Web Vitals. Furthermore, we assess the impact of cookie consent banners, which have become ubiquitous due to regulatory demands, on the Core Web Vitals and investigate their influence on web QoE. Our results suggest that the Core Web Vitals are much less predictive for web QoE than expected and that page loading times remain the main metric and influence factor in this context. We further observe that unobtrusive and acentric cookie consent banners are preferred by end-users and that addi- tional delays caused by interacting with consent banners in order to agree to or reject cookies should be accounted along with the actual page load time to reduce waiting times and thus to improve web QoE.

  @article{info3-article-2023-3, abstract = {Providing sophisticated web Quality of Experience (QoE) has become paramount for web service providers and network operators alike. Due to advances in web technologies (HTML5, respon- sive design, etc.), traditional web QoE models focusing mainly on loading times have to be refined and improved. In this work, we relate Google’s Core Web Vitals, a set of metrics for improving user experience, to the loading time aspects of web QoE, and investigate whether the Core Web Vitals and web QoE agree on the perceived experience. To this end, we first perform objective measurements in the web using Google’s Lighthouse. To close the gap be- tween metrics and experience, we complement these objective measurements with subjective assessment by performing multiple crowdsourcing QoE studies. For this purpose, we developed CWeQS, a customized framework to emulate the entire web page loading process, and ask users for their experience while controlling the Core Web Vitals, which is available to the public. To properly configure CWeQS for the planned QoE study and the crowdsourcing setup, we conduct pre-studies, in which we evaluate the importance of the loading strategy of a web page and the impor- tance of the user task. The obtained insights allow us to conduct the desired QoE studies for each of the Core Web Vitals. Furthermore, we assess the impact of cookie consent banners, which have become ubiquitous due to regulatory demands, on the Core Web Vitals and investigate their influence on web QoE. Our results suggest that the Core Web Vitals are much less predictive for web QoE than expected and that page loading times remain the main metric and influence factor in this context. We further observe that unobtrusive and acentric cookie consent banners are preferred by end-users and that addi- tional delays caused by interacting with consent banners in order to agree to or reject cookies should be accounted along with the actual page load time to reduce waiting times and thus to improve web QoE.}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Michael and Schatz, Raimund and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {Quality and User Experience}, keywords = {ucn}, title = {Do you Agree? Contrasting Google’s Core Web Vitals and the Impact of Cookie Consent Banners with Actual Web QoE}, year = 2023 }
• Case-Based Sample Generation using Multi-Armed Bandits. Korger, Andreas; Baumeister, Joachim. In Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen (LWDA), pp. 282–297. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{korger2023casebased, author = {Korger, Andreas and Baumeister, Joachim}, booktitle = {Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen (LWDA)}, keywords = {evaluation}, pages = {282-297}, title = {Case-Based Sample Generation using Multi-Armed Bandits}, year = 2023 }
• User-centred Design and Development of a Graphical User Interface for Learning Classifier Systems. Babu, Sooraj K; Schneider, Tim; von Mammen, Sebastian. In GECCO ’23 Companion: Proceedings of the Companion Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation, pp. 1830–1837. ACM, Lisbon, Portugal, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  This study presents an application that offers an interactive representation of the learning cycle of a learning classifier system (LCS), a rule-based machine learning technique. The research approach utilized a combination of human-computer interaction requirements, design heuristics, and user-centred engineering to scaffold the development of a graphical user interface for an LCS. The evaluation of the application by LCS experts and a novice yielded encouraging results, demonstrating its ability to convey the LCS mechanics to the users. In addition, the experts validated the correctness of the learning cycle. The study's contribution is two-fold: it presents an innovative approach to making the user understand the underlying mechanics of LCS and validates the effectiveness of the developed application. Furthermore, this work sets the stage for future research towards design revision and to further develop the application to accommodate different LCS models and custom data.

  @conference{Babu:2023ab, abstract = {This study presents an application that offers an interactive representation of the learning cycle of a learning classifier system (LCS), a rule-based machine learning technique. The research approach utilized a combination of human-computer interaction requirements, design heuristics, and user-centred engineering to scaffold the development of a graphical user interface for an LCS. The evaluation of the application by LCS experts and a novice yielded encouraging results, demonstrating its ability to convey the LCS mechanics to the users. In addition, the experts validated the correctness of the learning cycle. The study's contribution is two-fold: it presents an innovative approach to making the user understand the underlying mechanics of LCS and validates the effectiveness of the developed application. Furthermore, this work sets the stage for future research towards design revision and to further develop the application to accommodate different LCS models and custom data.}, address = {Lisbon, Portugal}, author = {Babu, Sooraj K and Schneider, Tim and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {GECCO '23 Companion: Proceedings of the Companion Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation}, keywords = {via-vr}, pages = {1830–1837}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {User-centred Design and Development of a Graphical User Interface for Learning Classifier Systems}, year = 2023 }
• Case-Based Sample Generation using Multi-Armed Bandits. Korger, Andreas; Baumeister, Joachim. In ICCBR 2023: International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning. Springer, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{KB:ICCBR:2023, author = {Korger, Andreas and Baumeister, Joachim}, booktitle = {ICCBR 2023: International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning}, keywords = {cbr}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Case-Based Sample Generation using Multi-Armed Bandits}, year = 2023 }
• Performance Engineering of Serverless Applications and Platforms. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Eismann, Simon. PhD dissertation. Universit{ä}t W{ü}rzburg, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @phdthesis{Eismann2023, author = {Eismann, Simon}, keywords = {descartes}, school = {Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg}, title = {Performance Engineering of Serverless Applications and Platforms}, type = {doctoralthesis}, year = 2023 }
• Challenges and Future Directions in Efficiency Benchmarking (Vision Paper). Meissner, Maximilian; Lange, Klaus-Dieter; Sharma, Sanjay; Arnold, Jeremy; Cragin, Aaron; Galizia, Patrick; Petrich, Mike; Zhang, Bin; Kounev, Samuel. In Companion of the 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’23 Companion, pp. 51–55. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  SPEC benchmarks are crucial contributors behind the improvement of server efficiency since 2007, given their role in making the power consumption and efficiency of servers transparent for government regulators, customers, and the manufacturers themselves.As the IT landscape experiences radical transformations, efficiency benchmarks need to be updated accordingly to generate results relevant to government regulators, manufacturers, and customers. In this paper, we outline current challenges efficiency benchmark developers are tackling and highlight recent technological developments the next generation of efficiency benchmarks should take into account.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3578245.3585034, abstract = {SPEC benchmarks are crucial contributors behind the improvement of server efficiency since 2007, given their role in making the power consumption and efficiency of servers transparent for government regulators, customers, and the manufacturers themselves.As the IT landscape experiences radical transformations, efficiency benchmarks need to be updated accordingly to generate results relevant to government regulators, manufacturers, and customers. In this paper, we outline current challenges efficiency benchmark developers are tackling and highlight recent technological developments the next generation of efficiency benchmarks should take into account.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Meissner, Maximilian and Lange, Klaus-Dieter and Sharma, Sanjay and Arnold, Jeremy and Cragin, Aaron and Galizia, Patrick and Petrich, Mike and Zhang, Bin and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {51–55}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '23 Companion}, title = {Challenges and Future Directions in Efficiency Benchmarking (Vision Paper)}, year = 2023 }
• A Trace-driven Performance Evaluation of Hash-based Task Placement Algorithms for Cache-enabled Serverless Computing. Talluri, Sacheendra; Herbst, Nikolas; Abad, Cristina; Trivedi, Animesh; Iosup, Alexandru. In 2023 ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers (CF ’23). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{2023-cf-hash-task-placement, author = {Talluri, Sacheendra and Herbst, Nikolas and Abad, Cristina and Trivedi, Animesh and Iosup, Alexandru}, booktitle = {2023 ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers (CF '23)}, keywords = {performance}, title = {A Trace-driven Performance Evaluation of Hash-based Task Placement Algorithms for Cache-enabled Serverless Computing}, year = 2023 }
• Serverless Computing Lifecycle Model for Edge Cloud Deployments. Nguyen, TrungKien; Loh, Frank; Nguyen, Tung; Doan, Duong; Huu Thanh, Nguyen; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE International Conference on Communications 2023 - GreenNet Workshop. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Serverless computing is a new cloud computing execution model. It offers little operational and administrative overhead, function activation on-demand, and significantly reduced resource consumption. For that reason, it is studied heavily in recent literature by means of handling incoming traffic, applicability for different tasks, and overall performance. Especially the introduction of states, where functionality is kept in CPU or memory can improve performance significantly. However, an in-depth analysis of the resource demand by among others, CPU and memory usage, latency, and energy consumption is still a blank spot in literature. To this end, we propose a serverless lifecycle model with intermediate states and deploy an image processing test setup in the edge cloud to test it. Furthermore, we measure important resource metrics of all states and state transitions of the model. This helps us to answer the question, whether keeping functions available in specific states of a serverless computing instance can improve performance without massive negative influence on the resource requirements.

  @inproceedings{info3-article-2023-4, abstract = {Serverless computing is a new cloud computing execution model. It offers little operational and administrative overhead, function activation on-demand, and significantly reduced resource consumption. For that reason, it is studied heavily in recent literature by means of handling incoming traffic, applicability for different tasks, and overall performance. Especially the introduction of states, where functionality is kept in CPU or memory can improve performance significantly. However, an in-depth analysis of the resource demand by among others, CPU and memory usage, latency, and energy consumption is still a blank spot in literature. To this end, we propose a serverless lifecycle model with intermediate states and deploy an image processing test setup in the edge cloud to test it. Furthermore, we measure important resource metrics of all states and state transitions of the model. This helps us to answer the question, whether keeping functions available in specific states of a serverless computing instance can improve performance without massive negative influence on the resource requirements.}, author = {Nguyen, TrungKien and Loh, Frank and Nguyen, Tung and Doan, Duong and Huu Thanh, Nguyen and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Communications 2023 - GreenNet Workshop}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Serverless Computing Lifecycle Model for Edge Cloud Deployments}, year = 2023 }
• A Systematic Approach for Benchmarking of Container Orchestration Frameworks. Straesser, Martin; Mathiasch, Jonas; Bauer, Andr{é}; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’23, pp. 187–198. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Container orchestration frameworks play a critical role in modern cloud computing paradigms such as cloud-native or serverless computing. They significantly impact the quality and cost of service deployment as they manage many performance-critical tasks such as container provisioning, scheduling, scaling, and networking. Consequently, a comprehensive performance assessment of container orchestration frameworks is essential. However, until now, there is no benchmarking approach that covers the many different tasks implemented in such platforms and supports evaluating different technology stacks. In this paper, we present a systematic approach that enables benchmarking of container orchestrators. Based on a definition of container orchestration, we define the core requirements and benchmarking scope for such platforms. Each requirement is then linked to metrics and measurement methods, and a benchmark architecture is proposed. With COFFEE, we introduce a benchmarking tool supporting the definition of complex test campaigns for container orchestration frameworks. We demonstrate the potential of our approach with case studies of the frameworks Kubernetes and Nomad in a self-hosted environment and on the Google Cloud Platform. The presented case studies focus on container startup times, crash recovery, rolling updates, and more.

  @inproceedings{straesser2023orchestration, abstract = {Container orchestration frameworks play a critical role in modern cloud computing paradigms such as cloud-native or serverless computing. They significantly impact the quality and cost of service deployment as they manage many performance-critical tasks such as container provisioning, scheduling, scaling, and networking. Consequently, a comprehensive performance assessment of container orchestration frameworks is essential. However, until now, there is no benchmarking approach that covers the many different tasks implemented in such platforms and supports evaluating different technology stacks. In this paper, we present a systematic approach that enables benchmarking of container orchestrators. Based on a definition of container orchestration, we define the core requirements and benchmarking scope for such platforms. Each requirement is then linked to metrics and measurement methods, and a benchmark architecture is proposed. With COFFEE, we introduce a benchmarking tool supporting the definition of complex test campaigns for container orchestration frameworks. We demonstrate the potential of our approach with case studies of the frameworks Kubernetes and Nomad in a self-hosted environment and on the Google Cloud Platform. The presented case studies focus on container startup times, crash recovery, rolling updates, and more.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Straesser, Martin and Mathiasch, Jonas and Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {container_orchestration}, pages = {187-198}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '23}, title = {A Systematic Approach for Benchmarking of Container Orchestration Frameworks}, year = 2023 }
• {Inverse Kinematics of an Anthropomorphic 6R Robot Manipulator Based on a Simple Geometric Approach for Embedded Systems}. Anschober, M.; Edlinger, R.; Froschauer, R.; Nüchter, A. In Robotics, 12(4). MDPI, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  This manuscript presents an efficient algorithm for solving the inverse kinematics problem of a 6R robot manipulator to be deployed on embedded control hardware. The proposed method utilizes the geometric relationship between the end-effector and the base of the manipulator, resulting in a computationally efficient solution. The approach aims to minimize computational complexity and memory consumption while maintaining the accuracy and real-time performance demonstrated by simulations and verified by experimental results on an embedded system. Furthermore, the manipulator is analyzed in terms of singularities, limits, the workspace, and general solvability. Due to the simplicity of the algorithm, a platform-independent implementation is possible. As a result, the average calculation time is reduced by a factor of five to eight and the average error is decreased by a factor of fifty compared to a powerful analytical solver.

  @article{robotics12040101, abstract = {This manuscript presents an efficient algorithm for solving the inverse kinematics problem of a 6R robot manipulator to be deployed on embedded control hardware. The proposed method utilizes the geometric relationship between the end-effector and the base of the manipulator, resulting in a computationally efficient solution. The approach aims to minimize computational complexity and memory consumption while maintaining the accuracy and real-time performance demonstrated by simulations and verified by experimental results on an embedded system. Furthermore, the manipulator is analyzed in terms of singularities, limits, the workspace, and general solvability. Due to the simplicity of the algorithm, a platform-independent implementation is possible. As a result, the average calculation time is reduced by a factor of five to eight and the average error is decreased by a factor of fifty compared to a powerful analytical solver.}, author = {Anschober, M. and Edlinger, R. and Froschauer, R. and Nüchter, A.}, journal = {Robotics}, keywords = {myown}, number = 4, publisher = {MDPI}, title = {{Inverse Kinematics of an Anthropomorphic 6R Robot Manipulator Based on a Simple Geometric Approach for Embedded Systems}}, volume = 12, year = 2023 }
• Pepper on the Job: Applying Social Robots in Employee Training. Donnermann, Melissa; Rossin, Franziska; Lugrin, Birgit. In 2023 32th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2023). IEEE, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{donnermann2023pepper, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Rossin, Franziska and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2023 32th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2023)}, keywords = {mi}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {Pepper on the Job: Applying Social Robots in Employee Training}, year = 2023 }
• Towards an Adaptive Pedagogical Agent in a Reading Intervention Using Reinforcement Learning. Riedmann, Anna; Lugrin, Birgit. In ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA ’23). ACM, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{riedmann2023towards, author = {Riedmann, Anna and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA ’23)}, keywords = {mi}, organization = {ACM}, title = {Towards an Adaptive Pedagogical Agent in a Reading Intervention Using Reinforcement Learning}, year = 2023 }
• Reducing Racial Bias by Interacting with Virtual Agents: An Intervention in Virtual Reality. Obremski, David; Akuffo, Ohenewa Bediako; Lücke, Leonie; Semineth, Miriam; Tomiczek, Sarah; Weichert, Hanna-Finja; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, of AAMAS ’23, pp. 747–755. International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, London, United Kingdom, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Racial bias, implicit or explicit, is still a widespread phenomenon in our modern society, negatively affecting the way we interact with foreigners. These biases can also lead to the general tendency to avoid encounters with foreigners, which has a critical impact on society as a whole. This paper presents an approach to reduce implicit and explicit racial bias using two Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) in Virtual Reality (VR). Based on previous research from social psychology and the field of enculturated IVAs, a sympathetic East African-German mixed-cultural IVA, and an antipathetic German mono-cultural IVA were implemented to interact with the participants in a virtual pub quiz. Pre- and post-intervention measures of participants' implicit and explicit bias showed a significant decrease in both scores. This work demonstrates the capability of enculturated IVAs to reduce real-world racial biases and sets the base for cultural interventions with IVAs.

  @inproceedings{obremski2023AAMAS, abstract = {Racial bias, implicit or explicit, is still a widespread phenomenon in our modern society, negatively affecting the way we interact with foreigners. These biases can also lead to the general tendency to avoid encounters with foreigners, which has a critical impact on society as a whole. This paper presents an approach to reduce implicit and explicit racial bias using two Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) in Virtual Reality (VR). Based on previous research from social psychology and the field of enculturated IVAs, a sympathetic East African-German mixed-cultural IVA, and an antipathetic German mono-cultural IVA were implemented to interact with the participants in a virtual pub quiz. Pre- and post-intervention measures of participants' implicit and explicit bias showed a significant decrease in both scores. This work demonstrates the capability of enculturated IVAs to reduce real-world racial biases and sets the base for cultural interventions with IVAs.}, address = {Richland, SC}, author = {Obremski, David and Akuffo, Ohenewa Bediako and Lücke, Leonie and Semineth, Miriam and Tomiczek, Sarah and Weichert, Hanna-Finja and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems}, keywords = {mi}, pages = {747–755}, publisher = {International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems}, series = {AAMAS '23}, title = {Reducing Racial Bias by Interacting with Virtual Agents: An Intervention in Virtual Reality}, year = 2023 }
• Giving Historical Photographs a New Perspective: Introducing Camera Orientation Parameters as New Metadata in a Large-Scale 4D Application. Maiwald, Ferdinand; Bruschke, Jonas; Schneider, Danilo; Wacker, Markus; Niebling, Florian. In Remote Sensing, 15(7), p. 1879. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{maiwald2023giving, author = {Maiwald, Ferdinand and Bruschke, Jonas and Schneider, Danilo and Wacker, Markus and Niebling, Florian}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, keywords = {histstadt4d}, number = 7, pages = 1879, title = {Giving Historical Photographs a New Perspective: Introducing Camera Orientation Parameters as New Metadata in a Large-Scale 4D Application}, type = {Journal Article}, volume = 15, year = 2023 }
• Journey Through a Virtual Tunnel: Simulated Motion and its Effects on the Experience of Time. Landeck, Maximilian; Alvarez Igarz{á}bal, Federico; Unruh, Fabian; Habenicht, Hannah; Khoshnoud, Shiva; Wittmann, Marc; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3, p. 195. Frontiers, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{landeck3journey, author = {Landeck, Maximilian and Alvarez Igarz{\'a}bal, Federico and Unruh, Fabian and Habenicht, Hannah and Khoshnoud, Shiva and Wittmann, Marc and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, pages = 195, publisher = {Frontiers}, title = {Journey Through a Virtual Tunnel: Simulated Motion and its Effects on the Experience of Time}, volume = 3, year = 2023 }
• Enhancing Sequential Next-Item Prediction through Modelling Non-Item Pages. Fischer, Elisabeth; Schlör, Daniel; Zehe, Albin; Hotho, Andreas. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @unpublished{fischer2023enhancing, author = {Fischer, Elisabeth and Schlör, Daniel and Zehe, Albin and Hotho, Andreas}, keywords = {recommender}, title = {Enhancing Sequential Next-Item Prediction through Modelling Non-Item Pages}, year = 2023 }
• The NarRobot Plugin - Connecting the Social Robot Reeti to the Unity Game Engine. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Siol, Lenny; Ganal, Elisabeth; Maier, Sophia; Lugrin, Birgit. In Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2023narrobot, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Siol, Lenny and Ganal, Elisabeth and Maier, Sophia and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2023 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, title = {The NarRobot Plugin - Connecting the Social Robot Reeti to the Unity Game Engine}, year = 2023 }
• Text Input for Non-Stationary XR Workspaces: Investigating Tap and Word-Gesture Keyboards in Virtual and Augmented Reality. Kern, Florian; Niebling, Florian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, pp. 2658–2669. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  This article compares two state-of-the-art text input techniques between non-stationary virtual reality (VR) and video see-through augmented reality (VST AR) use-cases as XR display condition. The developed contact-based mid-air virtual tap and wordgesture (swipe) keyboard provide established support functions for text correction, word suggestions, capitalization, and punctuation. A user evaluation with 64 participants revealed that XR displays and input techniques strongly affect text entry performance, while subjective measures are only influenced by the input techniques. We found significantly higher usability and user experience ratings for tap keyboards compared to swipe keyboards in both VR and VST AR. Task load was also lower for tap keyboards. In terms of performance, both input techniques were significantly faster in VR than in VST AR. Further, the tap keyboard was significantly faster than the swipe keyboard in VR. Participants showed a significant learning effect with only ten sentences typed per condition. Our results are consistent with previous work in VR and optical see-through (OST) AR, but additionally provide novel insights into usability and performance of the selected text input techniques for VST AR. The significant differences in subjective and objective measures emphasize the importance of specific evaluations for each possible combination of input techniques and XR displays to provide reusable, reliable, and high-quality text input solutions. With our work, we form a foundation for future research and XR workspaces. Our reference implementation is publicly available to encourage replicability and reuse in future XR workspaces.

  @article{kern2023input, abstract = {This article compares two state-of-the-art text input techniques between non-stationary virtual reality (VR) and video see-through augmented reality (VST AR) use-cases as XR display condition. The developed contact-based mid-air virtual tap and wordgesture (swipe) keyboard provide established support functions for text correction, word suggestions, capitalization, and punctuation. A user evaluation with 64 participants revealed that XR displays and input techniques strongly affect text entry performance, while subjective measures are only influenced by the input techniques. We found significantly higher usability and user experience ratings for tap keyboards compared to swipe keyboards in both VR and VST AR. Task load was also lower for tap keyboards. In terms of performance, both input techniques were significantly faster in VR than in VST AR. Further, the tap keyboard was significantly faster than the swipe keyboard in VR. Participants showed a significant learning effect with only ten sentences typed per condition. Our results are consistent with previous work in VR and optical see-through (OST) AR, but additionally provide novel insights into usability and performance of the selected text input techniques for VST AR. The significant differences in subjective and objective measures emphasize the importance of specific evaluations for each possible combination of input techniques and XR displays to provide reusable, reliable, and high-quality text input solutions. With our work, we form a foundation for future research and XR workspaces. Our reference implementation is publicly available to encourage replicability and reuse in future XR workspaces.}, author = {Kern, Florian and Niebling, Florian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {vilearn}, pages = {2658–2669}, title = {Text Input for Non-Stationary XR Workspaces: Investigating Tap and Word-Gesture Keyboards in Virtual and Augmented Reality}, year = 2023 }
• A Systematic Evaluation of Incongruencies and Their Influence on Plausibility in Virtual Reality. Brübach, Larissa; Westermeier, Franziska; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), of ISMAR ’23, pp. 894–901. IEEE Computer Society, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Currently, there is an ongoing debate about the influencing factors of one's extended reality (XR) experience. Plausibility, congruence, and their role have recently gained more and more attention. One of the latest models to describe XR experiences, the Congruence and Plausibility model (CaP), puts plausibility and congruence right in the center. However, it is unclear what influence they have on the overall XR experience and what influences our perceived plausibility rating. In this paper, we implemented four different incongruencies within a virtual reality scene using breaks in plausibility as an analogy to breaks in presence. These manipulations were either located on the cognitive or perceptual layer of the CaP model. They were also either connected to the task at hand or not. We tested these manipulations in a virtual bowling environment to see which influence they had. Our results show that manipulations connected to the task caused a lower perceived plausibility. Additionally, cognitive manipulations seem to have a larger influence than perceptual manipulations. We were able to cause a break in plausibility with one of our incongruencies. These results show a first direction on how the influence of plausibility in XR can be systematically investigated in the future.

  @inproceedings{brubach2023systematic, abstract = {Currently, there is an ongoing debate about the influencing factors of one's extended reality (XR) experience. Plausibility, congruence, and their role have recently gained more and more attention. One of the latest models to describe XR experiences, the Congruence and Plausibility model (CaP), puts plausibility and congruence right in the center. However, it is unclear what influence they have on the overall XR experience and what influences our perceived plausibility rating. In this paper, we implemented four different incongruencies within a virtual reality scene using breaks in plausibility as an analogy to breaks in presence. These manipulations were either located on the cognitive or perceptual layer of the CaP model. They were also either connected to the task at hand or not. We tested these manipulations in a virtual bowling environment to see which influence they had. Our results show that manipulations connected to the task caused a lower perceived plausibility. Additionally, cognitive manipulations seem to have a larger influence than perceptual manipulations. We were able to cause a break in plausibility with one of our incongruencies. These results show a first direction on how the influence of plausibility in XR can be systematically investigated in the future.}, author = {Brübach, Larissa and Westermeier, Franziska and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {xrhub}, pages = {894-901}, publisher = {IEEE Computer Society}, series = {ISMAR '23}, title = {A Systematic Evaluation of Incongruencies and Their Influence on Plausibility in Virtual Reality}, year = 2023 }
• The Impact of Avatar and Environment Congruence on Plausibility, Embodiment, Presence, and the Proteus Effect in Virtual Reality. Mal, David; Wolf, Erik; Döllinger, Nina; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 29(5), pp. 2358–2368. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Many studies show the significance of the Proteus effect for serious virtual reality applications. The present study extends the existing knowledge by considering the relationship (congruence) between the self-embodiment (avatar) and the virtual environment. We investigated the impact of avatar and environment types and their congruence on avatar plausibility, sense of embodiment, spatial presence, and the Proteus effect. In a 2 × 2 between-subjects design, participants embodied either an avatar in sports- or business wear in a semantic congruent or incongruent environment while performing lightweight exercises in virtual reality. The avatar-environment congruence significantly affected the avatar’s plausibility but not the sense of embodiment or spatial presence. However, a significant Proteus effect emerged only for participants who reported a high feeling of (virtual) body ownership, indicating that a strong sense of having and owning a virtual body is key to facilitating the Proteus effect. We discuss the results assuming current theories of bottom-up and top-down determinants of the Proteus effect and thus contribute to understanding its underlying mechanisms and determinants.

  @article{mal2023impact, abstract = {Many studies show the significance of the Proteus effect for serious virtual reality applications. The present study extends the existing knowledge by considering the relationship (congruence) between the self-embodiment (avatar) and the virtual environment. We investigated the impact of avatar and environment types and their congruence on avatar plausibility, sense of embodiment, spatial presence, and the Proteus effect. In a 2 × 2 between-subjects design, participants embodied either an avatar in sports- or business wear in a semantic congruent or incongruent environment while performing lightweight exercises in virtual reality. The avatar-environment congruence significantly affected the avatar’s plausibility but not the sense of embodiment or spatial presence. However, a significant Proteus effect emerged only for participants who reported a high feeling of (virtual) body ownership, indicating that a strong sense of having and owning a virtual body is key to facilitating the Proteus effect. We discuss the results assuming current theories of bottom-up and top-down determinants of the Proteus effect and thus contribute to understanding its underlying mechanisms and determinants.}, author = {Mal, David and Wolf, Erik and Döllinger, Nina and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {dmal}, number = 5, pages = {2358-2368}, title = {The Impact of Avatar and Environment Congruence on Plausibility, Embodiment, Presence, and the Proteus Effect in Virtual Reality}, volume = 29, year = 2023 }
• Kubernetes-in-the-Loop: Enriching Microservice Simulation Through Authentic Container Orchestration. Straesser, Martin; Haas, Patrick; Frank, Sebastian; Hakamian, Alireza; Van Hoorn, André; Kounev, Samuel. In Performance Evaluation Methodologies and Tools, pp. 82–98. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Microservices deployed and managed by container orchestration frameworks like Kubernetes are the bases of modern cloud applications. In microservice performance modeling and prediction, simulations provide a lightweight alternative to experimental analysis, which requires dedicated infrastructure and a laborious setup. However, existing simulators cannot run realistic scenarios, as performance-critical orchestration mechanisms (like scheduling or autoscaling) are manually modeled and can consequently not be represented in their full complexity and configuration space. This work combines a state-of-the-art simulation for microservice performance with Kubernetes container orchestration. Hereby, we include the original implementation of Kubernetes artifacts enabling realistic scenarios and testing of orchestration policies with low overhead. In two experiments with Kubernetes' kube-scheduler and cluster-autoscaler, we demonstrate that our framework can correctly handle different configurations of these orchestration mechanisms boosting both the simulation's use cases and authenticity.

  @inproceedings{straesser2023kubernetesintheloop, abstract = {Microservices deployed and managed by container orchestration frameworks like Kubernetes are the bases of modern cloud applications. In microservice performance modeling and prediction, simulations provide a lightweight alternative to experimental analysis, which requires dedicated infrastructure and a laborious setup. However, existing simulators cannot run realistic scenarios, as performance-critical orchestration mechanisms (like scheduling or autoscaling) are manually modeled and can consequently not be represented in their full complexity and configuration space. This work combines a state-of-the-art simulation for microservice performance with Kubernetes container orchestration. Hereby, we include the original implementation of Kubernetes artifacts enabling realistic scenarios and testing of orchestration policies with low overhead. In two experiments with Kubernetes' kube-scheduler and cluster-autoscaler, we demonstrate that our framework can correctly handle different configurations of these orchestration mechanisms boosting both the simulation's use cases and authenticity.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Straesser, Martin and Haas, Patrick and Frank, Sebastian and Hakamian, Alireza and Van Hoorn, André and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Performance Evaluation Methodologies and Tools}, keywords = {discrete_event_simulation}, pages = {82–98}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {Kubernetes-in-the-Loop: Enriching Microservice Simulation Through Authentic Container Orchestration}, year = 2023 }
• Morphing Planar Graph Drawings Through {3D}. Buchin, Kevin; Evans, Will; Frati, Fabrizio; Kostitsyna, Irina; Löffler, Maarten; Ophelders, Tim; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM), Vol. 13878 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, L. Gąsieniec (ed.), pp. 80–95. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{befklow-mpgdt3d-SOFSEM23, author = {Buchin, Kevin and Evans, Will and Frati, Fabrizio and Kostitsyna, Irina and Löffler, Maarten and Ophelders, Tim and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 49th Int. Conf. Current Trends Theory \& Practice Comput. Sci. (SOFSEM)}, editor = {Gąsieniec, Leszek}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {80–95}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Morphing Planar Graph Drawings Through {3D}}, volume = 13878, year = 2023 }
• Outside-Obstacle Representations with All Vertices on the Outer Face. Firman, Oksana; Kindermann, Philipp; Klawitter, Jonathan; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 30th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 13764 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, P. Angelini, R. von Hanxleden (eds.), pp. 432–440. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{fkkkkw-ooravof-GD22, author = {Firman, Oksana and Kindermann, Philipp and Klawitter, Jonathan and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 30th Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Angelini, Patrizio and von Hanxleden, Reinhard}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {432–440}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {Outside-Obstacle Representations with All Vertices on the Outer Face}, volume = 13764, year = 2023 }
• The Computational Complexity of the {ChordLink} Model. Kindermann, Philipp; Sauer, Jan; Wolff, Alexander. In Journal of Graph Algorithms \& Applications, 27(9), pp. 759–767. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  In order to visualize well-clustered graphs with many intra-cluster but few inter-cluster edges, hybrid approaches have been proposed. For example, ChordLink draws the clusters as chord diagrams and embeds these into a node-link diagram that represents the overall structure of the clustered graph. The ChordLink approach consists of four steps; node replication, node permutation, node merging, and chord insertion. In this paper, we focus on the optimization problems defined by two of these steps. We show that the decision version of the problem defined by node permutation is NP-complete and present an efficient algorithm for a special case. For chord insertion, we show that it is NP-complete to decide whether a crossing-free placement of the chords exists. Moreover, it is APX-hard to minimize the number of crossings among the chords. Our results answer an open question posed by Angori, Didimo, Montecchiani, Pagliuca, and Tappini, who introduced ChordLink [TVCG 2021].

  @article{ksw-cccm-JGAA23, abstract = {In order to visualize well-clustered graphs with many intra-cluster but few inter-cluster edges, hybrid approaches have been proposed. For example, ChordLink draws the clusters as chord diagrams and embeds these into a node-link diagram that represents the overall structure of the clustered graph. The ChordLink approach consists of four steps; node replication, node permutation, node merging, and chord insertion. In this paper, we focus on the optimization problems defined by two of these steps. We show that the decision version of the problem defined by node permutation is NP-complete and present an efficient algorithm for a special case. For chord insertion, we show that it is NP-complete to decide whether a crossing-free placement of the chords exists. Moreover, it is APX-hard to minimize the number of crossings among the chords. Our results answer an open question posed by Angori, Didimo, Montecchiani, Pagliuca, and Tappini, who introduced ChordLink [TVCG 2021].}, author = {Kindermann, Philipp and Sauer, Jan and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Journal of Graph Algorithms \& Applications}, keywords = {APX-hard}, number = 9, pages = {759–767}, title = {The Computational Complexity of the {ChordLink} Model}, volume = 27, year = 2023 }
• Reality Stack I/O: A Versatile and Modular Framework for Simplifying and Unifying XR Applications and Research. Kern, Florian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct), pp. 74–76. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper introduces Reality Stack I/O (RSIO), a versatile and modular framework designed to facilitate the development of extended reality (XR) applications. Researchers and developers often spend a significant amount of time enabling cross-device and cross-platform compatibility, leading to delays and increased complexity. RSIO provides the essential features to simplify and unify the development of XR applications. It enhances cross-device and cross-platform compatibility, expedites integration, and allows developers to focus more on building XR experiences rather than device integration. We offer a public Unity reference implementation with examples.

  @inproceedings{10322199, abstract = {This paper introduces Reality Stack I/O (RSIO), a versatile and modular framework designed to facilitate the development of extended reality (XR) applications. Researchers and developers often spend a significant amount of time enabling cross-device and cross-platform compatibility, leading to delays and increased complexity. RSIO provides the essential features to simplify and unify the development of XR applications. It enhances cross-device and cross-platform compatibility, expedites integration, and allows developers to focus more on building XR experiences rather than device integration. We offer a public Unity reference implementation with examples.}, author = {Kern, Florian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)}, keywords = {realityStack}, pages = {74-76}, title = {Reality Stack I/O: A Versatile and Modular Framework for Simplifying and Unifying XR Applications and Research}, year = 2023 }
• Algorithmen erleben in VR. Göbel, Erik; Korwisi, Kristof; Bartl, Andrea; Hennecke, Martin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. pp. 415–416. Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V., Bonn, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{inproceedings, address = {Bonn}, author = {Göbel, Erik and Korwisi, Kristof and Bartl, Andrea and Hennecke, Martin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, howpublished = {INFOS 2023 - Informatikunterricht zwischen Aktualität und Zeitlosigkeit}, keywords = {azimmerer}, pages = {415–416}, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, title = {Algorithmen erleben in VR}, year = 2023 }
• Using Causality-Aware Graph Neural Networks to Predict Temporal Centralities in Dynamic Graphs. Heeg, Franziska; Scholtes, Ingo. In CoRR, abs/2310.15865. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2310-15865, author = {Heeg, Franziska and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Using Causality-Aware Graph Neural Networks to Predict Temporal Centralities in Dynamic Graphs.}, volume = {abs/2310.15865}, year = 2023 }
• Investigating Crowdsourced Help Facilities for Enhancing User Guidance. Babu, Sooraj K.; Brandner, Tobias; Truman, Samuel; Mammen, Sebastian von. In International Conference on Interactive Media, Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies (IMET), N. Pelechano, F. Liarokapis, D. Rohmer, A. Asadipour (eds.). The Eurographics Association, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  We present two help facilities aimed at addressing the challenges faced by users new to a software. Software documentation should ideally familiarise with the overall functionality, navigate through the concrete workflows, and opportunities for customisation. Large degrees of freedom in the use and vast basic scopes, however, often make it infeasible to convey this information upfront. Rather, it needs to be broken into helpful bits and pieces which are delivered at appropriate times. In order to address this challenge, we have designed two concrete help facilities, i.e. tooltips and tips-of-the-day, to feature crowdsourced information. In this paper, we present the results of a formative study to implement early proofs-of-concept for the open-source game authoring platform Godot. To support further research, we have made the code base publicly available on GitHub.

  @inproceedings{Babu:2023aa, abstract = {We present two help facilities aimed at addressing the challenges faced by users new to a software. Software documentation should ideally familiarise with the overall functionality, navigate through the concrete workflows, and opportunities for customisation. Large degrees of freedom in the use and vast basic scopes, however, often make it infeasible to convey this information upfront. Rather, it needs to be broken into helpful bits and pieces which are delivered at appropriate times. In order to address this challenge, we have designed two concrete help facilities, i.e. tooltips and tips-of-the-day, to feature crowdsourced information. In this paper, we present the results of a formative study to implement early proofs-of-concept for the open-source game authoring platform Godot. To support further research, we have made the code base publicly available on GitHub.}, author = {Babu, Sooraj K. and Brandner, Tobias and Truman, Samuel and Mammen, Sebastian von}, booktitle = {International Conference on Interactive Media, Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies (IMET)}, editor = {Pelechano, Nuria and Liarokapis, Fotis and Rohmer, Damien and Asadipour, Ali}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association}, title = {Investigating Crowdsourced Help Facilities for Enhancing User Guidance}, year = 2023 }
• Integrating Julia Code into the Unity Game Engine to Dive into Aquatic Plant Growth. Lewerentz, Anne; Manke, Nico; Schantz, David; Cabral, Juliano Sarmento; von Mammen, Sebastian. In IMET, N. Pelechano, F. Liarokapis, A. Asadipour, D. Rohmer, M. Fair{é}n, J. Moy{é}s (eds.), pp. 97–100. Eurographics, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{Lewerentz:2023aa, author = {Lewerentz, Anne and Manke, Nico and Schantz, David and Cabral, Juliano Sarmento and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {IMET}, crossref = {conf/imet/2023}, editor = {Pelechano, Nuria and Liarokapis, Fotis and Asadipour, Ali and Rohmer, Damien and Fair{\'e}n, Marta and Moy{\'e}s, Jordi}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {97-100}, publisher = {Eurographics}, title = {Integrating Julia Code into the Unity Game Engine to Dive into Aquatic Plant Growth.}, year = 2023 }
• Towards Virtual Audience Simulation For Speech Therapy. Glémarec, Yann; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Hörmann, Amelie; Bosser, Anne-Gwenn; Buche, Cédric; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Lauer, Norina. In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{noauthororeditor2023towards, author = {Glémarec, Yann and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Hörmann, Amelie and Bosser, Anne-Gwenn and Buche, Cédric and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Lauer, Norina}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVA)}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, title = {Towards Virtual Audience Simulation For Speech Therapy}, year = 2023 }
• INTRODUCING A MULTIMODAL DATASET FOR THE RESEARCH OF ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS. Bruschke, J.; Kröber, C.; Maiwald, F.; Utescher, R.; Pattee, A. In The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLVIII-M-2-2023, pp. 325–331. Copernicus GmbH, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{Bruschke_archilabel_2023, author = {Bruschke, J. and Kröber, C. and Maiwald, F. and Utescher, R. and Pattee, A.}, journal = {The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences}, keywords = {histstadt4d}, month = {06}, pages = {325–331}, publisher = {Copernicus GmbH}, title = {INTRODUCING A MULTIMODAL DATASET FOR THE RESEARCH OF ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS}, volume = {XLVIII-M-2-2023}, year = 2023 }
• Want more WANs? Comparison of Traditional and GAN-based Generation of Wide Area Network Topologies via Graph and Performance Metrics. Dietz, Katharina; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In Transactions on Network and Service Management (TNSM). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2023-5, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {Transactions on Network and Service Management (TNSM)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {07}, title = {Want more WANs? Comparison of Traditional and GAN-based Generation of Wide Area Network Topologies via Graph and Performance Metrics}, year = 2023 }
• Engineering Surrogate Models for Boid Systems. {von Pichowski}, Jan; {von Mammen}, Sebastian. In Proceedings of ALIFE 2023, pp. 102–110. MIT Press, Sapporo, Japan, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{von-Pichowski:2023aa, address = {Sapporo, Japan}, author = {{von Pichowski}, Jan and {von Mammen}, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of ALIFE 2023}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, pages = {102-110}, publisher = {MIT Press}, title = {Engineering Surrogate Models for Boid Systems}, year = 2023 }
• Erdbeobachtung der Walddynamik und Biodiversität in Echtzeit. Kounev, Samuel. Highlightvortrag auf der Eröffnungsveranstaltung der wissenschaftlichen Plattform ‚terrabyte’ zur Analyse von Erdbeobachtungsdaten des Deutschen Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) im Leibniz-Rechenzentrum (LRZ), Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, München, Germany, 2023, June 18.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @misc{kounev2023erdbeobachtung, address = {Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, München, Germany}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {06}, publisher = {Highlightvortrag auf der Eröffnungsveranstaltung der wissenschaftlichen Plattform ‚terrabyte’ zur Analyse von Erdbeobachtungsdaten des Deutschen Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) im Leibniz-Rechenzentrum (LRZ)}, title = {Erdbeobachtung der Walddynamik und Biodiversität in Echtzeit}, year = 2023 }
• LIDAR BASED POSE TRACKING OF AN UNCOOPERATIVE SPACECRAFT USING THE SMOOTHED NORMAL DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORM. Renaut, L.; Frei, H.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Guidance, Navigation & Control Systems (GNC ’23), pp. 1–12. ESA, Sopot, Poland, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Lidar sensors provide precise 3D point cloud measurements, and can be used for pose estima- tion of an uncooperative satellite during space rendezvous. For updating the estimated pose of a the target, iterative closest point (ICP) or one of its variants is usually applied as a tracking method. However, for dense point clouds and space hardware with reduced computing power, the execution time of ICP can become a limiting factor. Normal distribution transform (NDT) is an alternative algorithm for fine point cloud registration, which can be faster than ICP. Yet, NDT can be less robust than ICP due to the discontinuities in its cost function. This work proposes a smoothing method of the NDT map in order to mitigate this robustness problem. In addition, a strategy for correcting motion blur observed with lidar sensors when recording a tumbling target is developed. Experiments at the European Proximity Operations Simulator demonstrate the effi- ciency, precision and robustness of the smoothed NDT algorithm when compared to ICP, as well as the importance of motion blur correction for precise pose estimation.

  @inproceedings{GNC2023, abstract = {Lidar sensors provide precise 3D point cloud measurements, and can be used for pose estima- tion of an uncooperative satellite during space rendezvous. For updating the estimated pose of a the target, iterative closest point (ICP) or one of its variants is usually applied as a tracking method. However, for dense point clouds and space hardware with reduced computing power, the execution time of ICP can become a limiting factor. Normal distribution transform (NDT) is an alternative algorithm for fine point cloud registration, which can be faster than ICP. Yet, NDT can be less robust than ICP due to the discontinuities in its cost function. This work proposes a smoothing method of the NDT map in order to mitigate this robustness problem. In addition, a strategy for correcting motion blur observed with lidar sensors when recording a tumbling target is developed. Experiments at the European Proximity Operations Simulator demonstrate the effi- ciency, precision and robustness of the smoothed NDT algorithm when compared to ICP, as well as the importance of motion blur correction for precise pose estimation.}, address = {Sopot, Poland}, author = {Renaut, L. and Frei, H. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Guidance, Navigation & Control Systems (GNC '23)}, keywords = {author}, month = {06}, organization = {ESA}, pages = {1–12}, title = {LIDAR BASED POSE TRACKING OF AN UNCOOPERATIVE SPACECRAFT USING THE SMOOTHED NORMAL DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORM}, year = 2023 }
• Explainable Data-Driven QoE Modelling using XAI. Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Anika; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In 15th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). Ghent, Belgium, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Data-driven QoE modelling using Machine Learning (ML) allows to reduce the modelling bias and to continuously integrate new QoE results into the QoE model, which can improve its generalizability. The downside is that the majority of ML models are black-box models, which prevent to obtain insights about QoE influence factors and their fundamental relationships that are highly relevant for researchers and providers of services and networks. However, recent advances in the field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) resolve these issues. Thus, XAI allows to benefit from data-driven QoE modelling to obtain generalizable QoE models, and at the same time to understand what QoE factors are relevant and how they affect the QoE score. In this work, we showcase the feasibility of explainable data-driven QoE modelling for video streaming, since video streaming QoE has been well researched, and thus, allows us to validate our results. Finally, we discuss opportunities and challenges of deploying XAI for QoE modelling.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-4, abstract = {Data-driven QoE modelling using Machine Learning (ML) allows to reduce the modelling bias and to continuously integrate new QoE results into the QoE model, which can improve its generalizability. The downside is that the majority of ML models are black-box models, which prevent to obtain insights about QoE influence factors and their fundamental relationships that are highly relevant for researchers and providers of services and networks. However, recent advances in the field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) resolve these issues. Thus, XAI allows to benefit from data-driven QoE modelling to obtain generalizable QoE models, and at the same time to understand what QoE factors are relevant and how they affect the QoE score. In this work, we showcase the feasibility of explainable data-driven QoE modelling for video streaming, since video streaming QoE has been well researched, and thus, allows us to validate our results. Finally, we discuss opportunities and challenges of deploying XAI for QoE modelling.}, address = {Ghent, Belgium}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Anika and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {15th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {06}, title = {Explainable Data-Driven QoE Modelling using XAI}, year = 2023 }
• Collision and Energy Efficiency Assessment of LoRaWANs with Cluster-Based Gateway Placement. Loh, Frank; Baur, Carina; Geißler, Stefan; ElBakoury, Hesham; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  LoRaWAN is one of the most prominent low power wide area network technologies. It offers long transmission distances with little energy consumption. The drawback is potential message collision. For that reason, recent literature discusses different alternatives to the currently used random channel access suffering from many message collisions and evaluates improvement possibilities. This is of major interest for network operators to future-proof LoRaWAN quality. One approach to reduce collision probability is cell size management via intelligent gateway placement. For that reason, this work presents an exhaustive study for k-means based clustering to distribute gateways. Different network quality metrics, namely full coverage for all sensors, collision probability, and energy efficiency, are evaluated. Thus, the contribution is a simple and scalable gateway placement approach for LoRaWAN. The performance evaluation shows a trade-off between placed gateways and energy efficiency. Furthermore, with reasonable runtime for large-scale networks, the clustering based approach is a viable solution for future network pre-planning or even final placement.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-18, abstract = {LoRaWAN is one of the most prominent low power wide area network technologies. It offers long transmission distances with little energy consumption. The drawback is potential message collision. For that reason, recent literature discusses different alternatives to the currently used random channel access suffering from many message collisions and evaluates improvement possibilities. This is of major interest for network operators to future-proof LoRaWAN quality. One approach to reduce collision probability is cell size management via intelligent gateway placement. For that reason, this work presents an exhaustive study for k-means based clustering to distribute gateways. Different network quality metrics, namely full coverage for all sensors, collision probability, and energy efficiency, are evaluated. Thus, the contribution is a simple and scalable gateway placement approach for LoRaWAN. The performance evaluation shows a trade-off between placed gateways and energy efficiency. Furthermore, with reasonable runtime for large-scale networks, the clustering based approach is a viable solution for future network pre-planning or even final placement.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Baur, Carina and Geißler, Stefan and ElBakoury, Hesham and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {Collision and Energy Efficiency Assessment of LoRaWANs with Cluster-Based Gateway Placement}, year = 2023 }
• Towards Understanding the Signaling Traffic in 5G Core Networks. Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Next-Generation Communication Networks 2023. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-8, author = {Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Next-Generation Communication Networks 2023}, keywords = {can}, month = {06}, title = {Towards Understanding the Signaling Traffic in 5G Core Networks}, year = 2023 }
• On the Validity of Credit-Based Shaper Delay Guarantees in Decentralized Reservation Protocols. Maile, Lisa; Voitlein, Dominik; Grigorjew, Alexej; Hielscher, Kai-Steffen J.; German, Reinhard. In 31st International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Resource reservation is a fundamental mechanism for ensuring quality of service in time-sensitive networks, which can be decentralized by using reservation protocols. In the Ethernet technology Time-Sensitive Networking, this has been proposed in conjunction with the Credit-Based Shaper. For the reservation, the standards assume a maximum worst-case latency bound at each hop. However, we will show through formal analysis and simulation that these worst-case latency bounds are not safe. To face this, we propose an extension to the current standards to allow the reservation of time-sensitive traffic with reliable latency guarantees. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated through simulations of both synthetic and industrial networks. Finally, by providing additional information about neighboring devices, we could further increase the maximum reservable traffic by up to 20% in our test cases.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-5, abstract = {Resource reservation is a fundamental mechanism for ensuring quality of service in time-sensitive networks, which can be decentralized by using reservation protocols. In the Ethernet technology Time-Sensitive Networking, this has been proposed in conjunction with the Credit-Based Shaper. For the reservation, the standards assume a maximum worst-case latency bound at each hop. However, we will show through formal analysis and simulation that these worst-case latency bounds are not safe. To face this, we propose an extension to the current standards to allow the reservation of time-sensitive traffic with reliable latency guarantees. The effectiveness of our approach is demonstrated through simulations of both synthetic and industrial networks. Finally, by providing additional information about neighboring devices, we could further increase the maximum reservable traffic by up to 20% in our test cases.}, author = {Maile, Lisa and Voitlein, Dominik and Grigorjew, Alexej and Hielscher, Kai-Steffen J. and German, Reinhard}, booktitle = {31st International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems}, keywords = {can}, month = {06}, title = {On the Validity of Credit-Based Shaper Delay Guarantees in Decentralized Reservation Protocols}, year = 2023 }
• Understanding the Performance of Different Packet Reception and Timestamping Methods in Linux. Grigorjew, Alexej; Schumann, Lukas Kilian; Diederich, Philip; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kellerer, Wolfgang. In WueWoWAS’23 KuVS Fachgespraech - Wuerzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  This document briefly presents some renowned packet reception techniques for network packets in Linux systems. Further, it compares their performance when measuring packet timestamps with respect to throughput and accuracy. Both software and hardware timestamps are compared, and various parameters are examined, including frame size, link speed, network interface card, and CPU load. The results indicate that hardware timestamping offers significantly better accuracy with no downsides, and that packet reception techniques that avoid system calls offer superior measurement throughput.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-11, abstract = {This document briefly presents some renowned packet reception techniques for network packets in Linux systems. Further, it compares their performance when measuring packet timestamps with respect to throughput and accuracy. Both software and hardware timestamps are compared, and various parameters are examined, including frame size, link speed, network interface card, and CPU load. The results indicate that hardware timestamping offers significantly better accuracy with no downsides, and that packet reception techniques that avoid system calls offer superior measurement throughput.}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Schumann, Lukas Kilian and Diederich, Philip and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kellerer, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {WueWoWAS'23 KuVS Fachgespraech - Wuerzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks}, keywords = {appaware2}, month = {06}, title = {Understanding the Performance of Different Packet Reception and Timestamping Methods in Linux}, year = 2023 }
• Paving the Way for an Energy Efficient and Sustainable Future Internet of Things. Loh, Frank; Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Next-Generation Communication Networks 2023. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-12, author = {Loh, Frank and Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Next-Generation Communication Networks 2023}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {Paving the Way for an Energy Efficient and Sustainable Future Internet of Things}, year = 2023 }
• {Semantic Classification in Uncolored 3D Point Clouds using Multiscale Features}. Neumann, M.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems (IAS ’22), of Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, pp. 342–359. Zagreb, Croatia, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  While the semantic segmentation of 2D images is already a well-researched field, the assignment of semantic labels to 3D data is lagging behind. This is partly due to the fact that prelabeled training data is only rarely available since not only the training and application of classification methods but also the manual labeling process are much more time-consuming in 3D. This paper focuses on the more classical approach of first calculating features and subsequently applying a classification algorithm. Existing handcrafted feature definitions are enhanced by using multiple selected reductions of the point cloud as approximations. This serves as input to train a well-studied random forest classifier. A comparison to a recently presented deep learning approach, i.e., the Kernel Point Convolution method, reveals that there are well-justified applications for both modern and classical machine learning methods. To enable the smooth conversion of existing 3D scenes to semantically labeled 3D point clouds the tool \emph{Blender2Helios} is presented. We show that the therewith generated artificial data is a good choice for training real-world classifiers.

  @inproceedings{IAS2022, abstract = {While the semantic segmentation of 2D images is already a well-researched field, the assignment of semantic labels to 3D data is lagging behind. This is partly due to the fact that prelabeled training data is only rarely available since not only the training and application of classification methods but also the manual labeling process are much more time-consuming in 3D. This paper focuses on the more classical approach of first calculating features and subsequently applying a classification algorithm. Existing handcrafted feature definitions are enhanced by using multiple selected reductions of the point cloud as approximations. This serves as input to train a well-studied random forest classifier. A comparison to a recently presented deep learning approach, i.e., the Kernel Point Convolution method, reveals that there are well-justified applications for both modern and classical machine learning methods. To enable the smooth conversion of existing 3D scenes to semantically labeled 3D point clouds the tool \emph{Blender2Helios} is presented. We show that the therewith generated artificial data is a good choice for training real-world classifiers.}, address = {Zagreb, Croatia}, author = {Neumann, M. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Intelligent Autonomous Systems (IAS '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, number = 577, pages = {342–359}, series = {Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems}, title = {{Semantic Classification in Uncolored 3D Point Clouds using Multiscale Features}}, year = 2023 }
• Baked Burger Bash: A Serious Virtual Reality Game Informing about the Effects of Acute Cannabinoid Intoxication. Vetter, Anne; Büttner, Johannes; von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2023 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG), pp. 1–4. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  This paper presents Baked Burger Bash, a serious game that aims to enhance a drug prevention program for adolescents using virtual reality (VR). The game is based on a simulation of acute cannabinoid intoxication embedded in an interactive cooking game. The player takes on the role of a food truck chef who needs to serve up the orders of passers-by. Various effects of intoxication make it hard to live up to the customers’ expectations. In this paper, we present the scientific background, insights from formative playtests, and feedback from a drug prevention expert who guided the iterative development.

  @inproceedings{10333198, abstract = {This paper presents Baked Burger Bash, a serious game that aims to enhance a drug prevention program for adolescents using virtual reality (VR). The game is based on a simulation of acute cannabinoid intoxication embedded in an interactive cooking game. The player takes on the role of a food truck chef who needs to serve up the orders of passers-by. Various effects of intoxication make it hard to live up to the customers’ expectations. In this paper, we present the scientific background, insights from formative playtests, and feedback from a drug prevention expert who guided the iterative development.}, author = {Vetter, Anne and Büttner, Johannes and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {08}, pages = {1-4}, title = {Baked Burger Bash: A Serious Virtual Reality Game Informing about the Effects of Acute Cannabinoid Intoxication}, year = 2023 }
• Uplink-based Live Session Model for Stalling Prediction in Video Streaming. Loh, Frank; Pimpinella, Andrea; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Today, video streaming is responsible for about 50 % of all Internet traffic worldwide. To cope with this massive amount of video streaming data, a major concern of network providers is the development of efficient traffic monitoring and management techniques. However, fast and efficient monitoring which leads to intelligent management decisions is becoming highly resource intense and complex, due to the steady increase of the number of streamed videos and the quality of the streamed content. Considering HTTP adaptive streaming applications, we present a simple machine learning free, uplink request based approach to estimate drops in the video playback buffer. These drops are the first indicator leading to quality impairment events like downwards quality changes or stalling. With our approach, instead of analyzing thousands of encrypted packets in the network, we only need to consider one single packet every 5 s - 10 s on average, depending on the video chunk size and independently of the played resolution. Nevertheless, we are able to detect nearly all stalling events or consider a trade-off between stalling detection recall and false positives. Our approach can be implemented completely moving average based, thus not requiring any parameter setup or other expert knowledge. Due to its simplicity, it can be deployed on any access point to collect streaming quality information that is useful for active network management and intelligent resource provisioning but also in a data center to analyze a massive number of parallel video flows

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-16, abstract = {Today, video streaming is responsible for about 50 % of all Internet traffic worldwide. To cope with this massive amount of video streaming data, a major concern of network providers is the development of efficient traffic monitoring and management techniques. However, fast and efficient monitoring which leads to intelligent management decisions is becoming highly resource intense and complex, due to the steady increase of the number of streamed videos and the quality of the streamed content. Considering HTTP adaptive streaming applications, we present a simple machine learning free, uplink request based approach to estimate drops in the video playback buffer. These drops are the first indicator leading to quality impairment events like downwards quality changes or stalling. With our approach, instead of analyzing thousands of encrypted packets in the network, we only need to consider one single packet every 5 s - 10 s on average, depending on the video chunk size and independently of the played resolution. Nevertheless, we are able to detect nearly all stalling events or consider a trade-off between stalling detection recall and false positives. Our approach can be implemented completely moving average based, thus not requiring any parameter setup or other expert knowledge. Due to its simplicity, it can be deployed on any access point to collect streaming quality information that is useful for active network management and intelligent resource provisioning but also in a data center to analyze a massive number of parallel video flows}, author = {Loh, Frank and Pimpinella, Andrea and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {05}, title = {Uplink-based Live Session Model for Stalling Prediction in Video Streaming}, year = 2023 }
• Exploring Plausibility and Presence in Mixed Reality Experiences. Westermeier, Franziska; Brübach, Larissa; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 29(5), pp. 2680–2689. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Mixed Reality (MR) applications along Milgram's Reality-Virtuality (RV) continuum motivated a number of recent theories on potential constructs and factors describing MR experiences. This paper investigates the impact of incongruencies on the sensation/perception and cognition layers to provoke breaks in plausibility, and the effects these breaks have on spatial and overall presence as prominent constructs of Virtual Reality (VR). We developed a simulated maintenance application to test virtual electrical devices. Participants performed test operations on these devices in a counterbalanced, randomized 2x2 between-subject design in either VR as congruent, or Augmented Reality (AR) as incongruent on the sensation/perception layer. Cognitive incongruency was induced by the absence of traceable power outages, decoupling perceived cause and effect after activating potentially defective devices. Our results indicate significant differences in the plausibility ratings between the VR and AR conditions, hence between congruent/incongruent conditions on the sensation/perception layer. In addition, spatial presence revealed a comparable interaction pattern with the VR vs AR conditions. Both factors decreased for the AR condition (incongruent sensation/perception) compared to VR (congruent sensation/perception) for the congruent cognitive case but increased for the incongruent cognitive case. The results are discussed and put into perspective in the scope of recent theories of MR experiences.

  @article{westermeier2023exploring, abstract = {Mixed Reality (MR) applications along Milgram's Reality-Virtuality (RV) continuum motivated a number of recent theories on potential constructs and factors describing MR experiences. This paper investigates the impact of incongruencies on the sensation/perception and cognition layers to provoke breaks in plausibility, and the effects these breaks have on spatial and overall presence as prominent constructs of Virtual Reality (VR). We developed a simulated maintenance application to test virtual electrical devices. Participants performed test operations on these devices in a counterbalanced, randomized 2x2 between-subject design in either VR as congruent, or Augmented Reality (AR) as incongruent on the sensation/perception layer. Cognitive incongruency was induced by the absence of traceable power outages, decoupling perceived cause and effect after activating potentially defective devices. Our results indicate significant differences in the plausibility ratings between the VR and AR conditions, hence between congruent/incongruent conditions on the sensation/perception layer. In addition, spatial presence revealed a comparable interaction pattern with the VR vs AR conditions. Both factors decreased for the AR condition (incongruent sensation/perception) compared to VR (congruent sensation/perception) for the congruent cognitive case but increased for the incongruent cognitive case. The results are discussed and put into perspective in the scope of recent theories of MR experiences.}, author = {Westermeier, Franziska and Brübach, Larissa and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {xrhub}, month = {05}, note = {IEEE VR Best Paper Nominee 🏆}, number = 5, pages = {2680-2689}, title = {Exploring Plausibility and Presence in Mixed Reality Experiences}, volume = 29, year = 2023 }
• Moving Down the Stack: Performance Evaluation of Packet Processing Technologies for Stateful Firewalls. Dietz, Katharina; Gray, Nicholas; Wolz, Manuel; Lorenz, Claas; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In 34th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS). Miami, Florida, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-2, address = {Miami, Florida}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Gray, Nicholas and Wolz, Manuel and Lorenz, Claas and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {34th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {05}, title = {Moving Down the Stack: Performance Evaluation of Packet Processing Technologies for Stateful Firewalls}, year = 2023 }
• Non-invasive identification of lunar rocks with optical and LiDAR systems. Gm{ö}hling, M.; K{ö}hl, S.; Zevering, J.; Borrmann, D.; Ferrari, S.; Penasa, L.; Pozzobon, R.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 4th International Planetary Caves Conference 2023 (PCC ’23). Universities Space Research Association, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Haría Municipality, Lanzarote, Spain, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{PCC2023, address = {Haría Municipality, Lanzarote, Spain}, author = {Gm{\"o}hling, M. and K{\"o}hl, S. and Zevering, J. and Borrmann, D. and Ferrari, S. and Penasa, L. and Pozzobon, R. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th International Planetary Caves Conference 2023 (PCC '23)}, keywords = {author}, month = {05}, organization = {Universities Space Research Association, Lunar and Planetary Institute}, title = {Non-invasive identification of lunar rocks with optical and LiDAR systems}, year = 2023 }
• Potentials and Limitations of Machine-Learning-supported Network Management for User-centric Communication Networks. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Seufert, Michael. PhD dissertation. University of Wuerzburg, 2023, May.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @phdthesis{info3-habilitation-2023-1, author = {Seufert, Michael}, keywords = {myown}, month = {05}, school = {University of Wuerzburg}, title = {Potentials and Limitations of Machine-Learning-supported Network Management for User-centric Communication Networks}, year = 2023 }
• Machine Learning Based Study of QoE Metrics in Twitch. tv Live Streaming. Loh, Frank; Hildebrand, Kathrin; Wamser, Florian; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Video streaming generates most network traffic in today’s Internet. For that reason, video on demand streaming is researched heavily in recent years, and many traffic monitoring mechanisms, flow and stream models, and models to predict the user perceived quality are well established. However, the quickly growing live streaming sector is not considered in these Quality of Experience models and not even the relation between network traffic and playback quality has been studied so far, forming a gap in literature. For that reason, we investigate Twitch.tv streaming as one of the largest live streaming platforms based on a large dataset and investigate the possibility to predict live streaming quality based on uplink request information. We apply approaches that are well studied for on demand streaming to predict quality changes, playback quality, and video interruption events as the most important metrics impairing user perceived quality. In this context, we answer whether these models are suitable for live streaming, if small changes are sufficient for satisfactory prediction results, or if fundamental changes and new models are required.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-17, abstract = {Video streaming generates most network traffic in today’s Internet. For that reason, video on demand streaming is researched heavily in recent years, and many traffic monitoring mechanisms, flow and stream models, and models to predict the user perceived quality are well established. However, the quickly growing live streaming sector is not considered in these Quality of Experience models and not even the relation between network traffic and playback quality has been studied so far, forming a gap in literature. For that reason, we investigate Twitch.tv streaming as one of the largest live streaming platforms based on a large dataset and investigate the possibility to predict live streaming quality based on uplink request information. We apply approaches that are well studied for on demand streaming to predict quality changes, playback quality, and video interruption events as the most important metrics impairing user perceived quality. In this context, we answer whether these models are suitable for live streaming, if small changes are sufficient for satisfactory prediction results, or if fundamental changes and new models are required.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Hildebrand, Kathrin and Wamser, Florian and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {05}, title = {Machine Learning Based Study of QoE Metrics in Twitch. tv Live Streaming}, year = 2023 }
• Body and Time: Virtual Embodiment and its effect on Time Perception. Unruh, Fabian; Vogel, David H.V.; Landeck, Maximilian; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), 29(5), pp. 2626–2636. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This article explores the effect of one’s body representation on time perception. Time Perception is modulated by a variety of factors including, e.g., the current situation or activity, it can display significant disturbances caused by psychological disorders, and it is influenced by emotional and interoceptive states, i.e., ”the sense of the physiological condition of the body”. We investigated this relation between one’s own body and the perception of time in a novel Virtual Reality (VR) experiment explicitly fostering user activity. 36 participants randomly experienced different degrees of embodiment: i) without an avatar (low), ii) with hands (medium), and iii) with a high quality avatar (high). Participants had to repeatedly activate a virtual lamp and estimate the duration of time intervals as well as judge the passage of time. Our results show a significant effect of embodiment on time perception: time passes slower in the low embodiment condition compared to the medium and high conditions. In contrast to prior work, the study provides missing evidence that this effect is independent of the level of activity of participants: In our task users were prompted to repeatedly perform body actions, thereby ruling-out a potential influence of the level of activity. Importantly, duration judgements in both the millisecond and minute ranges seemed unaffected by variations in embodiment. Taken together, these results lead to a better understanding of the relationship between the body and time.

  @article{unruh2023virtual, abstract = {This article explores the effect of one’s body representation on time perception. Time Perception is modulated by a variety of factors including, e.g., the current situation or activity, it can display significant disturbances caused by psychological disorders, and it is influenced by emotional and interoceptive states, i.e., ”the sense of the physiological condition of the body”. We investigated this relation between one’s own body and the perception of time in a novel Virtual Reality (VR) experiment explicitly fostering user activity. 36 participants randomly experienced different degrees of embodiment: i) without an avatar (low), ii) with hands (medium), and iii) with a high quality avatar (high). Participants had to repeatedly activate a virtual lamp and estimate the duration of time intervals as well as judge the passage of time. Our results show a significant effect of embodiment on time perception: time passes slower in the low embodiment condition compared to the medium and high conditions. In contrast to prior work, the study provides missing evidence that this effect is independent of the level of activity of participants: In our task users were prompted to repeatedly perform body actions, thereby ruling-out a potential influence of the level of activity. Importantly, duration judgements in both the millisecond and minute ranges seemed unaffected by variations in embodiment. Taken together, these results lead to a better understanding of the relationship between the body and time.}, author = {Unruh, Fabian and Vogel, David H.V. and Landeck, Maximilian and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG)}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, month = {05}, note = {IEEE VR Best Paper Nominee 🏆}, number = 5, pages = {2626 - 2636}, title = {Body and Time: Virtual Embodiment and its effect on Time Perception}, volume = 29, year = 2023 }
• Serverless Computing Revisited: Evolution, State-of-the-Art, and Performance Challenges. Kounev, Samuel. Joint Keynote at ICPE 2023 Workshops: LTB 2023 und FastContinuum 2023, Coimbra, Portugal, 2023, April 16.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{kounev2023serverless, address = {Coimbra, Portugal}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {04}, note = {https://icpe2023.spec.org/workshops/}, publisher = {Joint Keynote at ICPE 2023 Workshops: LTB 2023 und FastContinuum 2023}, title = {Serverless Computing Revisited: Evolution, State-of-the-Art, and Performance Challenges}, year = 2023 }
• Segmentierung und Verlaufskontrolle chronischer Wunden durch künstliche Intelligenz mithilfe einer mobilen App (WUNDERKINT Studie). Borst, Vanessa; Dege, Tassilo; Grän, Franziska; Hamrouni, Sandra; Michel, Daniel; Hager, Valerie; Goebeler, Matthias; Leppich, Robert; Kounev, Samuel; Schmieder, Astrid. In Allergologie. JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, Vol. 21, pp. 28–177. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @incollection{borst_ddg23_v2, author = {Borst, Vanessa and Dege, Tassilo and Grän, Franziska and Hamrouni, Sandra and Michel, Daniel and Hager, Valerie and Goebeler, Matthias and Leppich, Robert and Kounev, Samuel and Schmieder, Astrid}, booktitle = {Allergologie. JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft}, keywords = {t_poster}, month = {04}, note = {Poster Abstract (No. P322, pp. 175-176)}, number = {S1}, pages = {28-177}, publisher = {John Wiley & Sons Ltd.}, title = {Segmentierung und Verlaufskontrolle chronischer Wunden durch künstliche Intelligenz mithilfe einer mobilen App (WUNDERKINT Studie)}, volume = 21, year = 2023 }
• {Transfer Learning for LULC Classification on multi-modal data in the Amazon Basin}. Hell, M.; Brandmeier, M.; and A. N{ü}chter. In Proceedings of the EGU General Assembly 2023. Vienna, Austria \& Online, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{EGU2023, address = {Vienna, Austria \& Online}, author = {Hell, M. and Brandmeier, M. and and A. N{\"u}chter}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the EGU General Assembly 2023}, keywords = {author}, month = {04}, number = {EGU2023-15020}, title = {{Transfer Learning for LULC Classification on multi-modal data in the Amazon Basin}}, year = 2023 }
• Harnessing the Potential of the Metaverse to Counter its Dangers. Wienrich, Carolin; Krauss, Jana; Polifke, Lukas; Horn, Viktoria; Bürger, Arne; Latoschik, Marc-Erich. 2023, April.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @misc{wienrich2023harnessing, author = {Wienrich, Carolin and Krauss, Jana and Polifke, Lukas and Horn, Viktoria and Bürger, Arne and Latoschik, Marc-Erich}, howpublished = {Presented at workshop "Combating Toxicity, Harassment, and Abuse in Online Social Spaces: A Workshop at CHI 2023"}, keywords = {jkrauss}, month = {04}, title = {Harnessing the Potential of the Metaverse to Counter its Dangers}, year = 2023 }
• Engineering Surrogate Models for Boid Systems. {von Pichowski}, Jan; {von Mammen}, Sebastian. In Proceedings of the 2023 Artificial Life Conference, Vol. ALIFE 2023: Ghost in the Machine of Artificial Life Conference Proceedings, p. 102. MIT Press, Sapporo, Japan, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{von-Pichowski:2023ab, address = {Sapporo, Japan}, author = {{von Pichowski}, Jan and {von Mammen}, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 Artificial Life Conference}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, pages = 102, publisher = {MIT Press}, series = {Artificial Life Conference Proceedings}, title = {Engineering Surrogate Models for Boid Systems}, volume = {ALIFE 2023: Ghost in the Machine}, year = 2023 }
• Feel the Point Clouds: Traversability Prediction and Tactile Terrain Detection Information for an Improved Human-Robot Interaction. Edlinger, R.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 32st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), pp. 1121–1128. Busan, Korea, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The field of human-robot interaction has been rapidly advancing in recent years, as robots are increasingly being integrated into various aspects of human life. However, for robots to effectively collaborate with humans, it is crucial that they have a deep understanding of the environment in which they operate. In particular, the ability to predict traversability and detect tactile information is crucial for enhancing the safety and efficiency of human-robot interactions. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a method called ”Feel the Point Clouds” that use point clouds to predict traversability and detect tactile terrain information for a tracked rescue robot. This information can be used to adjust the robot’s behavior and movements in real-time, allowing it to interact with the environment in a more intuitive and safe manner. The experimental results of the proposed method are evaluated in various scenarios and demonstrate its effectiveness in improving human-robot interaction and visualization for a more accurate and intuitive understanding of the environment.

  @inproceedings{ROMAN2023, abstract = {The field of human-robot interaction has been rapidly advancing in recent years, as robots are increasingly being integrated into various aspects of human life. However, for robots to effectively collaborate with humans, it is crucial that they have a deep understanding of the environment in which they operate. In particular, the ability to predict traversability and detect tactile information is crucial for enhancing the safety and efficiency of human-robot interactions. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a method called ”Feel the Point Clouds” that use point clouds to predict traversability and detect tactile terrain information for a tracked rescue robot. This information can be used to adjust the robot’s behavior and movements in real-time, allowing it to interact with the environment in a more intuitive and safe manner. The experimental results of the proposed method are evaluated in various scenarios and demonstrate its effectiveness in improving human-robot interaction and visualization for a more accurate and intuitive understanding of the environment.}, address = {Busan, Korea}, author = {Edlinger, R. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 32st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {08}, pages = {1121–1128}, title = {Feel the Point Clouds: Traversability Prediction and Tactile Terrain Detection Information for an Improved Human-Robot Interaction}, year = 2023 }
• SPEC Research Group Newsletter, Issue 12. Kounev, Samuel; van Hoorn, Andre; Straesser, Martin; Bauer, Andr{é}. 2023, April.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{SPEC-RG-NEWSLETTER-12, author = {Kounev, Samuel and van Hoorn, Andre and Straesser, Martin and Bauer, Andr{é}}, keywords = {SPEC}, month = {04}, note = {Published by Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC)}, title = {SPEC Research Group Newsletter, Issue 12}, year = 2023 }
• Demystifying User-based Active Learning for Network Monitoring Tasks. Dietz, Katharina; Wehner, Nikolas; Casas, Pedro; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In 2nd Workshop on Machine Learning & Networking (MaLeNe) as part of NetSys’23. Potsdam, Germany, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-9, address = {Potsdam, Germany}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Wehner, Nikolas and Casas, Pedro and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {2nd Workshop on Machine Learning & Networking (MaLeNe) as part of NetSys'23}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {09}, title = {Demystifying User-based Active Learning for Network Monitoring Tasks}, year = 2023 }
• Integrating Julia Code into the Unity Game Engine to Dive into Aquatic Plant Growth. Lewerentz, Anne; Manke, Nico; Schantz, David; Cabral, Juliano Sarmento; von Mammen, Sebastian. In IMET, N. Pelechano, F. Liarokapis, A. Asadipour, D. Rohmer, M. Fairén, J. Moyés (eds.), pp. 97–100. Eurographics, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{conf/imet/LewerentzMSCM23, author = {Lewerentz, Anne and Manke, Nico and Schantz, David and Cabral, Juliano Sarmento and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {IMET}, crossref = {conf/imet/2023}, editor = {Pelechano, Nuria and Liarokapis, Fotis and Asadipour, Ali and Rohmer, Damien and Fairén, Marta and Moyés, Jordi}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {97-100}, publisher = {Eurographics}, title = {Integrating Julia Code into the Unity Game Engine to Dive into Aquatic Plant Growth.}, year = 2023 }
• Liquor-HGNN: A heterogeneous graph neural network for leakage detection in water distribution networks. "Schaller, Melanie"; "Steininger, Michael"; "Dulny, Andrzej"; "Schlör, Daniel"; "Hotho, Andreas". In LWDA’23: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen. October 09--11, 2023, Marburg, Germany, M. Leyer (ed.). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{schaller2023liquorhgnn, author = {"Schaller, Melanie" and "Steininger, Michael" and "Dulny, Andrzej" and "Schlör, Daniel" and "Hotho, Andreas"}, editor = {Leyer, M.}, journal = {LWDA'23: Lernen, Wissen, Daten, Analysen. October 09–11, 2023, Marburg, Germany}, keywords = {from:manli}, month = {Oktober}, title = {Liquor-HGNN: A heterogeneous graph neural network for leakage detection in water distribution networks}, year = 2023 }
• Locating community smells in software development processes using higher-order network centralities. Gote, Christoph; Perri, Vincenzo; Zingg, Christian; Casiraghi, Giona; Arzig, Carsten; von Gernler, Alexander; Schweitzer, Frank; Scholtes, Ingo. In Soc. Netw. Anal. Min., 13(1), p. 129. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/snam/GotePZCAGSS23, author = {Gote, Christoph and Perri, Vincenzo and Zingg, Christian and Casiraghi, Giona and Arzig, Carsten and von Gernler, Alexander and Schweitzer, Frank and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {Soc. Netw. Anal. Min.}, keywords = {myown}, month = 12, number = 1, pages = 129, title = {Locating community smells in software development processes using higher-order network centralities.}, volume = 13, year = 2023 }
• Bayesian inference of transition matrices from incomplete graph data with a topological prior. Perri, Vincenzo; Petrovic, Luka V.; Scholtes, Ingo. In EPJ Data Sci., 12(1), p. 48. 2023.
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  @article{journals/epjds/PerriPS23, author = {Perri, Vincenzo and Petrovic, Luka V. and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {EPJ Data Sci.}, keywords = {myown}, month = 12, number = 1, pages = 48, title = {Bayesian inference of transition matrices from incomplete graph data with a topological prior.}, volume = 12, year = 2023 }
• Towards Simulation-Driven Optimization of Container Orchestration Mechanisms. Dittus, Timo; Straesser, Martin. Oral presentation at 14th Symposium on Software Performance, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2023, November 8.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{dittus2023simdrivenopt, address = {Karlsruhe, Germany}, author = {Dittus, Timo and Straesser, Martin}, keywords = {container_orchestration}, month = 11, note = {https://www.performance-symposium.org/ssp-2023}, publisher = {Oral presentation at 14th Symposium on Software Performance}, title = {Towards Simulation-Driven Optimization of Container Orchestration Mechanisms}, year = 2023 }
• Generating Microservice Applications for Performance Benchmarking. Lubas, Yannik; Straesser, Martin. Oral presentation at 14th Symposium on Software Performance, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2023, November 7.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{lubas2023generating, address = {Karlsruhe, Germany}, author = {Lubas, Yannik and Straesser, Martin}, keywords = {microservices}, month = 11, note = {https://www.performance-symposium.org/ssp-2023}, publisher = {Oral presentation at 14th Symposium on Software Performance}, title = {Generating Microservice Applications for Performance Benchmarking}, year = 2023 }
• Kleinsatelliten in der Extraterrestrik: Stand, Bedeutung und Perspektiven. Kayal, Hakan; Borschinsky, Erik; Männel, Jonathan; Neumann, Tobias; Riegler, Clemens. 2023, November.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @presentation{mannel2023, author = {Kayal, Hakan and Borschinsky, Erik and Männel, Jonathan and Neumann, Tobias and Riegler, Clemens}, booktitle = {Kleinsatellitenkonferenz Berlin 2023}, keywords = {myown}, month = 11, title = {Kleinsatelliten in der Extraterrestrik: Stand, Bedeutung und Perspektiven}, year = 2023 }
• {Dynamics of spherical telescopic linear driven rotation robots}. Zevering, J.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A. In 17th Symposium on Advanced Space Technologies in Robotics and Automation (ASTRA ’23). ESA, Noordwijk, Netherlands, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Lunar caves are promising features for long-term and permanent human presence on the moon. However, given their inaccessibility to imaging from survey satellites, the concrete environment within the underground cavities is not well known. Thus, to further the efforts of human presence on the moon, these caves are to be explored by robotic systems. However, a set of environmental factors make this exploration particularly challenging. Among those are the very fine lunar dust that damages exposed sensors and actuators and the unknown composition of the surface and obstacles within the cavity. One robotic system that is particularly fit to meet these challenges is that of a spherical robot, as the exterior shell completely separates the sensors and actuators from the hazardous environment. This work introduces the mathematical description in the form of a dynamic model of a novel locomotion approach for this form factor that adds additional functionality. A set of telescopic linearly extending rods moves the robot using a combination of pushing away from the ground and leveraging the gravitational torque. The approach allows the system to locomote, overcome objects by hoisting its center of gravity on top, and transform into a terrestrial laser scanner by using the rods as a tripod.

  @inproceedings{ASTRA2023, abstract = {Lunar caves are promising features for long-term and permanent human presence on the moon. However, given their inaccessibility to imaging from survey satellites, the concrete environment within the underground cavities is not well known. Thus, to further the efforts of human presence on the moon, these caves are to be explored by robotic systems. However, a set of environmental factors make this exploration particularly challenging. Among those are the very fine lunar dust that damages exposed sensors and actuators and the unknown composition of the surface and obstacles within the cavity. One robotic system that is particularly fit to meet these challenges is that of a spherical robot, as the exterior shell completely separates the sensors and actuators from the hazardous environment. This work introduces the mathematical description in the form of a dynamic model of a novel locomotion approach for this form factor that adds additional functionality. A set of telescopic linearly extending rods moves the robot using a combination of pushing away from the ground and leveraging the gravitational torque. The approach allows the system to locomote, overcome objects by hoisting its center of gravity on top, and transform into a terrestrial laser scanner by using the rods as a tripod.}, address = {Noordwijk, Netherlands}, author = {Zevering, J. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {17th Symposium on Advanced Space Technologies in Robotics and Automation (ASTRA '23)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 10, publisher = {ESA}, title = {{Dynamics of spherical telescopic linear driven rotation robots}}, year = 2023 }
• Time Perception Research in Virtual Reality: Lessons Learned. Landeck, Maximilian; Unruh, Fabian; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Mensch und Computer 2023, Mensch und Computer 2023 . Veröffentlicht durch die Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. in P. Fröhlich & V. Cobus (Hrsg.), 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  In this article, we present a selection of recent studies from our research group that investigated the relationship between time perception and virtual reality (VR). We focus on the influence of avatar embodiment, visual fidelity, motion perception, and body representation. We summarize findings on the impact of these factors on time perception, discuss lessons learned, and implications for future applications. In a waiting room experiment, the passage of time in VR with an avatar was perceived significantly faster than without an avatar. The passage of time in the real waiting room was not perceived as significantly different from the waiting room in VR with or without an avatar. In an interactive scenario, the absence of a virtual avatar resulted in a significantly slower perceived passage of time compared to the partial and full-body avatar conditions. High and medium embodiment conditions are assumed to be more plausible and to less different from a real experience. A virtual tunnel that induced the illusion of self-motion (vection) appeared to contribute to the perceived passage of time and experience of time. This effect was shown to increase with tunnel speed and the number of tunnel segments. A framework was proposed for the use of virtual zeitgebers along three dimensions (speed, density, synchronicity) to systematically control the experience of time. The body itself, as well as external objects, seem to be addressed by this theory of virtual zeitgebers. Finally, the standardization of the methodology and future research considerations are discussed.

  @inproceedings{landeck2023perception, abstract = {In this article, we present a selection of recent studies from our research group that investigated the relationship between time perception and virtual reality (VR). We focus on the influence of avatar embodiment, visual fidelity, motion perception, and body representation. We summarize findings on the impact of these factors on time perception, discuss lessons learned, and implications for future applications. In a waiting room experiment, the passage of time in VR with an avatar was perceived significantly faster than without an avatar. The passage of time in the real waiting room was not perceived as significantly different from the waiting room in VR with or without an avatar. In an interactive scenario, the absence of a virtual avatar resulted in a significantly slower perceived passage of time compared to the partial and full-body avatar conditions. High and medium embodiment conditions are assumed to be more plausible and to less different from a real experience. A virtual tunnel that induced the illusion of self-motion (vection) appeared to contribute to the perceived passage of time and experience of time. This effect was shown to increase with tunnel speed and the number of tunnel segments. A framework was proposed for the use of virtual zeitgebers along three dimensions (speed, density, synchronicity) to systematically control the experience of time. The body itself, as well as external objects, seem to be addressed by this theory of virtual zeitgebers. Finally, the standardization of the methodology and future research considerations are discussed.}, author = {Landeck, Maximilian and Unruh, Fabian and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Mensch und Computer 2023}, edition = {Mensch und Computer 2023}, keywords = {landeck}, month = {09}, organization = {Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}, publisher = {Veröffentlicht durch die Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. in P. Fröhlich & V. Cobus (Hrsg.)}, title = {Time Perception Research in Virtual Reality: Lessons Learned}, type = {workshop band}, year = 2023 }
• Developing a Library of Problem Scenarios for Time-Sensitive and Real-Time Networking. Grigorjew, Alexej; Vomhoff, Viktoria; Geißler, Stefan; Diederich, Philip; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kellerer, Wolfgang. In International Conference on Networked Systems 2023 (NetSys). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The lack of realistic problem instances is one of the major challenges when it comes to evaluating and comparing mechanisms and approaches in the area of real-time networking. To this end, we aim at establishing a library of general as well as use case specific scenarios including different network topologies and traffic streams with the goal of promoting comparability among research works and facilitate the development of innovative approaches. We present our foundational framework for the generation of these synthetic problem instances and call on the community to contribute their experiences and insights.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-15, abstract = {The lack of realistic problem instances is one of the major challenges when it comes to evaluating and comparing mechanisms and approaches in the area of real-time networking. To this end, we aim at establishing a library of general as well as use case specific scenarios including different network topologies and traffic streams with the goal of promoting comparability among research works and facilitate the development of innovative approaches. We present our foundational framework for the generation of these synthetic problem instances and call on the community to contribute their experiences and insights.}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Vomhoff, Viktoria and Geißler, Stefan and Diederich, Philip and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kellerer, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {International Conference on Networked Systems 2023 (NetSys)}, keywords = {appaware2}, month = {09}, title = {Developing a Library of Problem Scenarios for Time-Sensitive and Real-Time Networking}, year = 2023 }
• Kleinsatellitentechnologien zur Beantwortung wissenschaftlicher Fragen in der Extraterrestrik. Neumann, T.; Borschinsky, E.; Kayal, H.; Männel, J.; Riegler, C. In Proceedings DLRK 2023. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Bonn, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{https://doi.org/10.25967/610211, address = {Bonn}, author = {Neumann, T. and Borschinsky, E. and Kayal, H. and Männel, J. and Riegler, C.}, booktitle = {Proceedings DLRK 2023}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, title = {Kleinsatellitentechnologien zur Beantwortung wissenschaftlicher Fragen in der Extraterrestrik}, year = 2023 }
• Infradar-Localization: single-chip infrared- and radar-based Monte Carlo localization. Wang, D.; Masannek, M.; May, S.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 19th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE ’23), pp. 1–8. Auckland, New Zealand, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Infradar-Localization: single-chip infrared- and radar-based Monte Carlo localization. This paper proposes a novel approach for indoor robot localization that leverages a fusion of information from single-chip infrared (Time-of-Flight) and radar sensors. The aim of our research is the development of a cost-effective and lightweight system that can achieve high-precision robot localization. Unlike traditional localization methods based on LiDARs or cameras, our proposed system uses single-chip infrared and radar sensors to overcome the limitations of high cost and bulky hardware. Specifically, we employ a Doppler radar-based velocity motion model for the estimation of the robot's ego-motion, eliminating the need for additional sensors such as IMU or wheel encoders. Next, we describe a hybrid sensor model for single-chip infrared and radar sensors that provides robust and accurate environmental perception with dynamic outlier removal. Finally, we integrate these components into a Monte Carlo localization framework to generate accurate real-time estimation of the robot's position and orientation. This is the first time a single-chip infrared and radar fusion based framework has been applied to robot localization, to the best of our knowledge. Through a comprehensive experimental evaluation, we demonstrate the system's high accuracy and efficiency, achieving an average localization error of 9 cm in diverse indoor environments. This remarkable performance, combined with the low-cost and lightweight nature of our proposed solution, positions it as a highly promising alternative for a wide range of applications, including robotics, smart homes, and autonomous vehicles. The significant advancements of this novel approach offer vast potential to revolutionize the field of localization, enabling more precise and cost-effective navigation systems.

  @inproceedings{CASE2023, abstract = {Infradar-Localization: single-chip infrared- and radar-based Monte Carlo localization. This paper proposes a novel approach for indoor robot localization that leverages a fusion of information from single-chip infrared (Time-of-Flight) and radar sensors. The aim of our research is the development of a cost-effective and lightweight system that can achieve high-precision robot localization. Unlike traditional localization methods based on LiDARs or cameras, our proposed system uses single-chip infrared and radar sensors to overcome the limitations of high cost and bulky hardware. Specifically, we employ a Doppler radar-based velocity motion model for the estimation of the robot's ego-motion, eliminating the need for additional sensors such as IMU or wheel encoders. Next, we describe a hybrid sensor model for single-chip infrared and radar sensors that provides robust and accurate environmental perception with dynamic outlier removal. Finally, we integrate these components into a Monte Carlo localization framework to generate accurate real-time estimation of the robot's position and orientation. This is the first time a single-chip infrared and radar fusion based framework has been applied to robot localization, to the best of our knowledge. Through a comprehensive experimental evaluation, we demonstrate the system's high accuracy and efficiency, achieving an average localization error of 9 cm in diverse indoor environments. This remarkable performance, combined with the low-cost and lightweight nature of our proposed solution, positions it as a highly promising alternative for a wide range of applications, including robotics, smart homes, and autonomous vehicles. The significant advancements of this novel approach offer vast potential to revolutionize the field of localization, enabling more precise and cost-effective navigation systems.}, address = {Auckland, New Zealand}, author = {Wang, D. and Masannek, M. and May, S. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE '23)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, pages = {1–8}, title = {Infradar-Localization: single-chip infrared- and radar-based Monte Carlo localization}, year = 2023 }
• MAILS - Meta AI Literacy Scale: Development and Testing of an AI Literacy Questionnaire Based on Well-Founded Competency Models and Psychological Change- and Meta-Competencies. Carolus, Astrid; Koch, Martin J.; Straka, Samantha; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans, 1(2), p. 100014. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Valid measurement of AI literacy is important for the selection of personnel, identification of shortages in skill and knowledge, and evaluation of AI literacy interventions. A questionnaire is missing that is deeply grounded in the existing literature on AI literacy, is modularly applicable depending on the goals, and includes further psychological competencies in addition to the typical facets of AIL. This paper presents the development and validation of a questionnaire considering the desiderata described above. We derived items to represent different facets of AI literacy and psychological competencies, such as problem-solving, learning, and emotion regulation in regard to AI. We collected data from 300 German-speaking adults to confirm the factorial structure. The result is the Meta AI Literacy Scale (MAILS) for AI literacy with the facets Use & apply AI, Understand AI, Detect AI, and AI Ethics and the ability to Create AI as a separate construct, and AI Self-efficacy in learning and problem-solving and AI Self-management (i.e., AI persuasion literacy and emotion regulation). This study contributes to the research on AI literacy by providing a measurement instrument relying on profound competency models. Psy­ chological competencies are included particularly important in the context of pervasive change through AI systems.

  @article{carolus2023mails, abstract = {Valid measurement of AI literacy is important for the selection of personnel, identification of shortages in skill and knowledge, and evaluation of AI literacy interventions. A questionnaire is missing that is deeply grounded in the existing literature on AI literacy, is modularly applicable depending on the goals, and includes further psychological competencies in addition to the typical facets of AIL. This paper presents the development and validation of a questionnaire considering the desiderata described above. We derived items to represent different facets of AI literacy and psychological competencies, such as problem-solving, learning, and emotion regulation in regard to AI. We collected data from 300 German-speaking adults to confirm the factorial structure. The result is the Meta AI Literacy Scale (MAILS) for AI literacy with the facets Use & apply AI, Understand AI, Detect AI, and AI Ethics and the ability to Create AI as a separate construct, and AI Self-efficacy in learning and problem-solving and AI Self-management (i.e., AI persuasion literacy and emotion regulation). This study contributes to the research on AI literacy by providing a measurement instrument relying on profound competency models. Psy­ chological competencies are included particularly important in the context of pervasive change through AI systems.}, author = {Carolus, Astrid and Koch, Martin J. and Straka, Samantha and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {Computers in Human Behavior: Artificial Humans}, keywords = {aiatwork}, month = {08}, number = 2, pages = 100014, title = {MAILS - Meta AI Literacy Scale: Development and Testing of an AI Literacy Questionnaire Based on Well-Founded Competency Models and Psychological Change- and Meta-Competencies}, type = {Publication}, volume = 1, year = 2023 }
• Discrete-Time Analysis of Multi-Component Queuing Networks under Renewal Approximation. Geißler, Stefan; Lange, Stanislav; Hasslinger, Gerhard; Tran-Gia, Phuoc; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 34th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC). Shenzhen, China. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-1, author = {Geißler, Stefan and Lange, Stanislav and Hasslinger, Gerhard and Tran-Gia, Phuoc and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {34th International Teletraffic Congress (ITC). Shenzhen, China}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {Discrete-Time Analysis of Multi-Component Queuing Networks under Renewal Approximation}, year = 2023 }
• The Virtual Maze: a Tool for Measuring Trust towards Virtual Humans. Lin, Jinghuai; Cronjé, Johrine; Käthner, Ivo; Pauli, Paul; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, of IVA ’23, pp. 1–3. ACM, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{Lin_2023, author = {Lin, Jinghuai and Cronjé, Johrine and Käthner, Ivo and Pauli, Paul and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents}, keywords = {prima}, month = {09}, pages = {1–3}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {IVA ’23}, title = {The Virtual Maze: a Tool for Measuring Trust towards Virtual Humans}, year = 2023 }
• Self-Aware Optimization of Adaptation Planning Strategies. Lesch, Veronika; Hadry, Marius; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems, 18(3). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In today’s world, circumstances, processes, and requirements for software systems are becoming increasingly complex. In order to operate properly in such dynamic environments, software systems must adapt to these changes, which has led to the research area of Self-Adaptive Systems (SAS). Platooning is one example of adaptive systems in Intelligent Transportation Systems, which is the ability of vehicles to travel with close inter-vehicle distances. This technology leads to an increase in road throughput and safety, which directly addresses the increased infrastructure needs due to increased traffic on the roads. However, the No-Free-Lunch theorem states that the performance of one adaptation planning strategy is not necessarily transferable to other problems. Moreover, especially in the field of SAS, the selection of the most appropriate strategy depends on the current situation of the system. In this paper, we address the problem of self-aware optimization of adaptation planning strategies by designing a framework that includes situation detection, strategy selection, and parameter optimization of the selected strategies. We apply our approach on the case study platooning coordination and evaluate the performance of the proposed framework.

  @article{lesch2022selfaware, abstract = {In today’s world, circumstances, processes, and requirements for software systems are becoming increasingly complex. In order to operate properly in such dynamic environments, software systems must adapt to these changes, which has led to the research area of Self-Adaptive Systems (SAS). Platooning is one example of adaptive systems in Intelligent Transportation Systems, which is the ability of vehicles to travel with close inter-vehicle distances. This technology leads to an increase in road throughput and safety, which directly addresses the increased infrastructure needs due to increased traffic on the roads. However, the No-Free-Lunch theorem states that the performance of one adaptation planning strategy is not necessarily transferable to other problems. Moreover, especially in the field of SAS, the selection of the most appropriate strategy depends on the current situation of the system. In this paper, we address the problem of self-aware optimization of adaptation planning strategies by designing a framework that includes situation detection, strategy selection, and parameter optimization of the selected strategies. We apply our approach on the case study platooning coordination and evaluate the performance of the proposed framework.}, author = {Lesch, Veronika and Hadry, Marius and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems}, keywords = {self-awareness}, month = {09}, number = 3, title = {Self-Aware Optimization of Adaptation Planning Strategies}, volume = 18, year = 2023 }
• Resilience in Time-Sensitive Networking: An Overview and Open Research Directions. Grigorjew, Alexej; Geißler, Stefan; Diederich, Philip; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kellerer, Wolfgang. In 2023 13th International Workshop on Resilient Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) puts stringent requirements on its devices to provide deterministic services over Ethernet-based networks. Resilience is an important attribute for TSN to achieve dependable time-sensitive data transmission. Existing literature on resilience of TSN mostly focuses on a particular subset of TSN mechanisms for resilience analysis. This paper takes an overall systems viewpoint and analyzes the resilience in TSN systems provided by the interaction of multiple mechanisms. It discusses their dependencies, possible faults, and possible mitigations of a selected subset of standards. Thereby, it highlights open challenges for future research directions.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-13, abstract = {Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) puts stringent requirements on its devices to provide deterministic services over Ethernet-based networks. Resilience is an important attribute for TSN to achieve dependable time-sensitive data transmission. Existing literature on resilience of TSN mostly focuses on a particular subset of TSN mechanisms for resilience analysis. This paper takes an overall systems viewpoint and analyzes the resilience in TSN systems provided by the interaction of multiple mechanisms. It discusses their dependencies, possible faults, and possible mitigations of a selected subset of standards. Thereby, it highlights open challenges for future research directions.}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Geißler, Stefan and Diederich, Philip and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kellerer, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {2023 13th International Workshop on Resilient Networks Design and Modeling (RNDM)}, keywords = {appaware2}, month = {09}, title = {Resilience in Time-Sensitive Networking: An Overview and Open Research Directions}, year = 2023 }
• Trends und Forschungswünsche in der Extraterrestrik und Ideen für eine nationale Kleinsatellitenmission: Analyse einer Umfrage unter Wissenschaftlern in Deutschland im Rahmen des Satexprojekts. Männel, J.; Borschinsky, E.; Kayal, H.; Neumann, T.; Riegler, C. In Proceedings DLRK 2023. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Bonn, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{https://doi.org/10.25967/610212, address = {Bonn}, author = {Männel, J. and Borschinsky, E. and Kayal, H. and Neumann, T. and Riegler, C.}, booktitle = {Proceedings DLRK 2023}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, title = {Trends und Forschungswünsche in der Extraterrestrik und Ideen für eine nationale Kleinsatellitenmission: Analyse einer Umfrage unter Wissenschaftlern in Deutschland im Rahmen des Satexprojekts}, year = 2023 }
• Accurate Live Visualization of Packet Delays, Inter-Arrival Times, and Burstiness for Real-Time Networks. Grigorjew, Alexej; Geißler, Stefan; Ziegler, Maximilian; Schumann, Lukas Kilian; Diederich, Philip; Hock, David; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kellerer, Wolfgang. In International Conference on Networked Systems 2023 (NetSys). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  In this demonstration, a live delay and traffic volume visualization is presented. It is created with consumer off-the-shelf components, provides sub-microsecond accuracy, and provides sufficient performance for line rate measurements without sampling. The tool can help to accelerate the development and operation of real-time networks.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-14, abstract = {In this demonstration, a live delay and traffic volume visualization is presented. It is created with consumer off-the-shelf components, provides sub-microsecond accuracy, and provides sufficient performance for line rate measurements without sampling. The tool can help to accelerate the development and operation of real-time networks.}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Geißler, Stefan and Ziegler, Maximilian and Schumann, Lukas Kilian and Diederich, Philip and Hock, David and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kellerer, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {International Conference on Networked Systems 2023 (NetSys)}, keywords = {kosinu5}, month = {09}, title = {Accurate Live Visualization of Packet Delays, Inter-Arrival Times, and Burstiness for Real-Time Networks}, year = 2023 }
• Delta Filter -- Robust Visual-Inertial Pose Estimation in Real-Time: A Multi-Trajectory Filter on a Spherical Mobile Mapping System. Arzberger, F.; Wiecha, F.; Zevering, J.; Rothe, J.; Borrmann, D.; Montenegro, S.; Nüchter, A. In Proceedings of the 2023 European Conference on Mobile Robots (ECMR ’23), pp. 1–8. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Many state-of-the-art mobile mapping systems accomplish reliable and robust pose estimation utilizing combinations of inertial measurement units (IMUs), global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), visual-inertial- or LiDAR-inertial odometry (VIO/LIO). However, on a spherical mobile mapping system the underlying inherent rolling motion introduces high angular velocities, thus the quality of pose estimates, images, and laser-scans, degrade. In this work we propose a pose filter design that is able to do real-time sensor fusion between two unreliable trajectories into one, more reliable trajectory. It is a simple yet effective filter design that does not require the user to estimate the uncertainty of the sensors. The approach is not limited to spherical robots and theoretically is also suitable for sensor fusion of an arbitrary number of estimators. This work compares this filter against two pose estimation methods on our spherical system: (1) An approach that is based solely on IMU measurements, and (2) stereo-VIO with an Intel® RealSense™ tracking camera. The proposed “Delta” filter takes as input (1), (2), and a motion model. Our implementation gets rid of the drift in (1) and (2), estimates the scale of the trajectory, and deals with slow and fast motion as well as driving curves. Our source code can be found on github [1].

  @inproceedings{ECMR2023, abstract = {Many state-of-the-art mobile mapping systems accomplish reliable and robust pose estimation utilizing combinations of inertial measurement units (IMUs), global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), visual-inertial- or LiDAR-inertial odometry (VIO/LIO). However, on a spherical mobile mapping system the underlying inherent rolling motion introduces high angular velocities, thus the quality of pose estimates, images, and laser-scans, degrade. In this work we propose a pose filter design that is able to do real-time sensor fusion between two unreliable trajectories into one, more reliable trajectory. It is a simple yet effective filter design that does not require the user to estimate the uncertainty of the sensors. The approach is not limited to spherical robots and theoretically is also suitable for sensor fusion of an arbitrary number of estimators. This work compares this filter against two pose estimation methods on our spherical system: (1) An approach that is based solely on IMU measurements, and (2) stereo-VIO with an Intel® RealSense™ tracking camera. The proposed “Delta” filter takes as input (1), (2), and a motion model. Our implementation gets rid of the drift in (1) and (2), estimates the scale of the trajectory, and deals with slow and fast motion as well as driving curves. Our source code can be found on github [1].}, author = {Arzberger, F. and Wiecha, F. and Zevering, J. and Rothe, J. and Borrmann, D. and Montenegro, S. and Nüchter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 European Conference on Mobile Robots (ECMR '23)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, pages = {1-8}, title = {Delta Filter – Robust Visual-Inertial Pose Estimation in Real-Time: A Multi-Trajectory Filter on a Spherical Mobile Mapping System}, year = 2023 }
• MVNOCoreSim: A Digital Twin for Virtualized IoT-centric Mobile Core Networks. Geissler, Stefan; Wamser, Florian; Bauer, Wolfgang; Gebert, Steffen; Kounev, Samuel; Hossfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Internet of Things, 10(15), pp. 13974–13987. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  The rapid growth of connected devices has led to the implementation of IoT-centric platforms designed to provide connectivity for machine-to-machine type communication. Specifically, mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) provide global service for IoT use cases by leveraging roaming in readily deployed physical networks. This global deployment of connected devices poses a significant challenge regarding the operation of centralized core networks with respect to dimensioning, scaling as well as system survivability in case of signaling incidents. Overload control mechanisms for IoT mobile networks offer a proactive solution for mitigating excessive signaling traffic from IoT devices in mobile core networks. However, global scaling and a heterogeneous composition of devices present network operators with additional challenges. To address these challenges, this work presents a detailed, protocol level simulation framework of a real-world IoT MVNO core network. We present both models for the expected IoT signaling load and the processing of signaling messages based on measurements in a live, production environment as well as a dedicated testbed. Finally, we present a case study on various overload mechanisms and identify critical performance characteristics to compare their performance. The results of this study categorize overload control mechanisms and shed light on the necessity for MVNOs to deal with the upcoming IoT traffic by defining appropriate overload control mechanisms in mobile core networks to ensure network survivability under unforeseen conditions.

  @article{geissler2023mvnocoresim, abstract = {The rapid growth of connected devices has led to the implementation of IoT-centric platforms designed to provide connectivity for machine-to-machine type communication. Specifically, mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) provide global service for IoT use cases by leveraging roaming in readily deployed physical networks. This global deployment of connected devices poses a significant challenge regarding the operation of centralized core networks with respect to dimensioning, scaling as well as system survivability in case of signaling incidents. Overload control mechanisms for IoT mobile networks offer a proactive solution for mitigating excessive signaling traffic from IoT devices in mobile core networks. However, global scaling and a heterogeneous composition of devices present network operators with additional challenges. To address these challenges, this work presents a detailed, protocol level simulation framework of a real-world IoT MVNO core network. We present both models for the expected IoT signaling load and the processing of signaling messages based on measurements in a live, production environment as well as a dedicated testbed. Finally, we present a case study on various overload mechanisms and identify critical performance characteristics to compare their performance. The results of this study categorize overload control mechanisms and shed light on the necessity for MVNOs to deal with the upcoming IoT traffic by defining appropriate overload control mechanisms in mobile core networks to ensure network survivability under unforeseen conditions.}, author = {Geissler, Stefan and Wamser, Florian and Bauer, Wolfgang and Gebert, Steffen and Kounev, Samuel and Hossfeld, Tobias}, journal = {IEEE Internet of Things}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {08}, number = 15, pages = {13974-13987}, title = {MVNOCoreSim: A Digital Twin for Virtualized IoT-centric Mobile Core Networks}, volume = 10, year = 2023 }
• BED-BPP: Benchmarking dataset for robotic bin packing problems. Kagerer, F.; Beinhofer, M.; Stricker, S.; N{ü}chter, A. In The International Journal of Robotics Research (IJRR), p. 02783649231193048. 2023.
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  Many algorithms that were developed for solving three-dimensional bin packing problems use generic data for either experiments or evaluation. However, none of these datasets became accepted for benchmarking 3D bin packing algorithms throughout the community. To close this gap, this paper presents the benchmarking dataset for robotic bin packing problems (BED-BPP), which is based on realistic data. We show the variety of the dataset by elaborating an n-gram analysis. Besides, we propose an evaluation function, which contains a stability check that uses rigid body simulation. We demonstrated the application of our dataset on four different approaches, which we integrated in our software environment.

  @article{IJRR2023, abstract = {Many algorithms that were developed for solving three-dimensional bin packing problems use generic data for either experiments or evaluation. However, none of these datasets became accepted for benchmarking 3D bin packing algorithms throughout the community. To close this gap, this paper presents the benchmarking dataset for robotic bin packing problems (BED-BPP), which is based on realistic data. We show the variety of the dataset by elaborating an n-gram analysis. Besides, we propose an evaluation function, which contains a stability check that uses rigid body simulation. We demonstrated the application of our dataset on four different approaches, which we integrated in our software environment.}, author = {Kagerer, F. and Beinhofer, M. and Stricker, S. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {The International Journal of Robotics Research (IJRR)}, keywords = {author}, month = {08}, pages = {02783649231193048}, title = {BED-BPP: Benchmarking dataset for robotic bin packing problems}, year = 2023 }
• Serverless Computing: What It Is, and What It Is Not?. Kounev, Samuel; Herbst, Nikolas; Abad, Cristina L.; Iosup, Alexandru; Foster, Ian; Shenoy, Prashant; Rana, Omer; Chien, Andrew A. In Commun. ACM, 66(9), pp. 80–92. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Dispelling the confusion around serverless computing by capturing its essential and conceptual characteristics.

  @article{10.1145/3587249, abstract = {Dispelling the confusion around serverless computing by capturing its essential and conceptual characteristics.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Kounev, Samuel and Herbst, Nikolas and Abad, Cristina L. and Iosup, Alexandru and Foster, Ian and Shenoy, Prashant and Rana, Omer and Chien, Andrew A.}, journal = {Commun. ACM}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {08}, number = 9, pages = {80–92}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Serverless Computing: What It Is, and What It Is Not?}, volume = 66, year = 2023 }
• Baked Burger Bash: A Serious Virtual Reality Game Informing about the Effects of Acute Cannabinoid Intoxication. Vetter, Anne; B{ü}ttner, Johannes; von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2023 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG), pp. 1–4. 2023.
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  This paper presents Baked Burger Bash, a serious game that aims to enhance a drug prevention program for adolescents using virtual reality (VR). The game is based on a simulation of acute cannabinoid intoxication embedded in an interactive cooking game. The player takes on the role of a food truck chef who needs to serve up the orders of passers-by. Various effects of intoxication make it hard to live up to the customers' expectations. In this paper, we present the scientific background, insights from formative playtests, and feedback from a drug prevention expert who guided the iterative development.

  @inproceedings{Vetter:2023aa, abstract = {This paper presents Baked Burger Bash, a serious game that aims to enhance a drug prevention program for adolescents using virtual reality (VR). The game is based on a simulation of acute cannabinoid intoxication embedded in an interactive cooking game. The player takes on the role of a food truck chef who needs to serve up the orders of passers-by. Various effects of intoxication make it hard to live up to the customers' expectations. In this paper, we present the scientific background, insights from formative playtests, and feedback from a drug prevention expert who guided the iterative development.}, author = {Vetter, Anne and B{\"u}ttner, Johannes and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {08}, pages = {1-4}, title = {Baked Burger Bash: A Serious Virtual Reality Game Informing about the Effects of Acute Cannabinoid Intoxication}, year = 2023 }
• Record, Review, Edit, Apply: A Motion Data Pipeline for Virtual Reality Development {\&} Design. Hofmann, Sarah; Özdemir, Cem; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games. {ACM}, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{Hofmann_2023, author = {Hofmann, Sarah and Özdemir, Cem and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {Record, Review, Edit, Apply: A Motion Data Pipeline for Virtual Reality Development {\&} Design}, year = 2023 }
• Zero-Shot Clickbait Spoiling by Rephrasing Titles as Questions. Wangsadirdja, Dirk; Pfister, Jan; Kobs, Konstantin; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the The 17th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2023), pp. 1090–1095. Association for Computational Linguistics, Toronto, Canada, 2023.
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  In this paper, we describe our approach to the clickbait spoiling task of SemEval 2023. The core idea behind our system is to leverage pre-trained models capable of Question Answering (QA) to extract the spoiler from article texts based on the clickbait title without any task-specific training. Since oftentimes, these titles are not phrased as questions, we automatically rephrase the clickbait titles as questions in order to better suit the pretraining task of the QA-capable models. Also, to fit as much relevant context into the model's limited input size as possible, we propose to reorder the sentences by their relevance using a semantic similarity model. Finally, we evaluate QA as well as text generation models (via prompting) to extract the spoiler from the text.Based on the validation data, our final model selects each of these components depending on the spoiler type and achieves satisfactory zero-shot results. The ideas described in this paper can easily be applied in fine-tuning settings.

  @inproceedings{wangsadirdja2023zeroshot, abstract = {In this paper, we describe our approach to the clickbait spoiling task of SemEval 2023. The core idea behind our system is to leverage pre-trained models capable of Question Answering (QA) to extract the spoiler from article texts based on the clickbait title without any task-specific training. Since oftentimes, these titles are not phrased as questions, we automatically rephrase the clickbait titles as questions in order to better suit the pretraining task of the QA-capable models. Also, to fit as much relevant context into the model's limited input size as possible, we propose to reorder the sentences by their relevance using a semantic similarity model. Finally, we evaluate QA as well as text generation models (via prompting) to extract the spoiler from the text.Based on the validation data, our final model selects each of these components depending on the spoiler type and achieves satisfactory zero-shot results. The ideas described in this paper can easily be applied in fine-tuning settings.}, address = {Toronto, Canada}, author = {Wangsadirdja, Dirk and Pfister, Jan and Kobs, Konstantin and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the The 17th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2023)}, keywords = {from:janpf}, month = {07}, pages = {1090–1095}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {Zero-Shot Clickbait Spoiling by Rephrasing Titles as Questions}, year = 2023 }
• {femtoPro}: virtual-reality interactive training simulator of an ultrafast laser laboratory. Brixner, Tobias; Mueller, Stefan; M{ü}ller, Andreas; Knote, Andreas; Schnepp, Wilhelm; Truman, Samuel; Vetter, Anne; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Applied Physics B, 129(5). Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}, 2023.
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  @article{Brixner:2023aa, author = {Brixner, Tobias and Mueller, Stefan and M{\"u}ller, Andreas and Knote, Andreas and Schnepp, Wilhelm and Truman, Samuel and Vetter, Anne and von Mammen, Sebastian}, journal = {Applied Physics B}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, number = 5, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}}, title = {{femtoPro}: virtual-reality interactive training simulator of an ultrafast laser laboratory}, volume = 129, year = 2023 }
• Deep Neural Network Regression for Normalized Digital Surface Model Generation with Sentinel-2 Imagery. Müller, Konstantin; Leppich, Robert; Geiß, Christian; Borst, Vanessa; Pelizari, Patrick Aravena; Kounev, Samuel. In IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, pp. 1–14. 2023.
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  In recent history, normalized digital surface models (nDSMs) have been constantly gaining importance as a means to solve large-scale geographic problems. High-resolution surface models are precious, as they can provide detailed information for a specific area. However, measurements with a high resolution are time-consuming and costly. Only a few approaches exist to create high-resolution normalized digital surface models for extensive areas. This paper explores approaches to extract high-resolution nDSMs from low-resolution Sentinel-2 data, allowing us to derive large-scale models. We thereby utilize the advantages of Sentinel 2 being open access, having global coverage, and providing steady updates through a high repetition rate. Several deep-learning models are trained to overcome the gap in producing high-resolution surface maps from low-resolution input data. With U-Net as a base architecture, we extend the capabilities of our model by integrating tailored multiscale encoders with differently sized kernels in the convolution as well as conformed self-attention inside the skip connection gates. Using pixel-wise regression, our U-Net base models can achieve a mean height error of approximately two meters. Moreover, through our enhancements to the model architecture, we reduce the model error by more than seven percent.

  @article{10189905, abstract = {In recent history, normalized digital surface models (nDSMs) have been constantly gaining importance as a means to solve large-scale geographic problems. High-resolution surface models are precious, as they can provide detailed information for a specific area. However, measurements with a high resolution are time-consuming and costly. Only a few approaches exist to create high-resolution normalized digital surface models for extensive areas. This paper explores approaches to extract high-resolution nDSMs from low-resolution Sentinel-2 data, allowing us to derive large-scale models. We thereby utilize the advantages of Sentinel 2 being open access, having global coverage, and providing steady updates through a high repetition rate. Several deep-learning models are trained to overcome the gap in producing high-resolution surface maps from low-resolution input data. With U-Net as a base architecture, we extend the capabilities of our model by integrating tailored multiscale encoders with differently sized kernels in the convolution as well as conformed self-attention inside the skip connection gates. Using pixel-wise regression, our U-Net base models can achieve a mean height error of approximately two meters. Moreover, through our enhancements to the model architecture, we reduce the model error by more than seven percent.}, author = {Müller, Konstantin and Leppich, Robert and Geiß, Christian and Borst, Vanessa and Pelizari, Patrick Aravena and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, pages = {1-14}, title = {Deep Neural Network Regression for Normalized Digital Surface Model Generation with Sentinel-2 Imagery}, year = 2023 }
• Lidar Pose Tracking of a Tumbling Spacecraft Using the Smoothed Normal Distribution Transform. Renaut, L.; Frei, H.; N{ü}chter, A. In Remote Sensing, 15(9). 2023.
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  Lidar sensors enable precise pose estimation of an uncooperative spacecraft in close range. In this context, the iterative closest point (ICP) is usually employed as a tracking method. However, when the size of the point clouds increases, the required computation time of the ICP can become a limiting factor. The normal distribution transform (NDT) is an alternative algorithm which can be more efficient than the ICP, but suffers from robustness issues. In addition, lidar sensors are also subject to motion blur effects when tracking a spacecraft tumbling with a high angular velocity, leading to a loss of precision in the relative pose estimation. This work introduces a smoothed formulation of the NDT to improve the algorithm’s robustness while maintaining its efficiency. Additionally, two strategies are investigated to mitigate the effects of motion blur. The first consists in un-distorting the point cloud, while the second is a continuous-time formulation of the NDT. Hardware-in-the-loop tests at the European Proximity Operations Simulator demonstrate the capability of the proposed methods to precisely track an uncooperative spacecraft under realistic conditions within tens of milliseconds, even when the spacecraft tumbles with a significant angular rate.

  @article{REMSEN2023, abstract = {Lidar sensors enable precise pose estimation of an uncooperative spacecraft in close range. In this context, the iterative closest point (ICP) is usually employed as a tracking method. However, when the size of the point clouds increases, the required computation time of the ICP can become a limiting factor. The normal distribution transform (NDT) is an alternative algorithm which can be more efficient than the ICP, but suffers from robustness issues. In addition, lidar sensors are also subject to motion blur effects when tracking a spacecraft tumbling with a high angular velocity, leading to a loss of precision in the relative pose estimation. This work introduces a smoothed formulation of the NDT to improve the algorithm’s robustness while maintaining its efficiency. Additionally, two strategies are investigated to mitigate the effects of motion blur. The first consists in un-distorting the point cloud, while the second is a continuous-time formulation of the NDT. Hardware-in-the-loop tests at the European Proximity Operations Simulator demonstrate the capability of the proposed methods to precisely track an uncooperative spacecraft under realistic conditions within tens of milliseconds, even when the spacecraft tumbles with a significant angular rate.}, author = {Renaut, L. and Frei, H. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, keywords = {author}, number = 9, title = {Lidar Pose Tracking of a Tumbling Spacecraft Using the Smoothed Normal Distribution Transform}, volume = 15, year = 2023 }
• SONATE-2 – Using Artificial Intelligence for In-Orbit Image Processing and Anomaly Detection. Greiner, Tobias; Balagurin, Oleksii; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas; Schwarz, Tobias. In 14th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation. Berlin, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{greiner2023sonate2, address = {Berlin}, author = {Greiner, Tobias and Balagurin, Oleksii and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {14th IAA Symposium on Small Satellites for Earth Observation}, keywords = {myown}, title = {SONATE-2 – Using Artificial Intelligence for In-Orbit Image Processing and Anomaly Detection}, year = 2023 }
• A System for Building Wizard-of-Oz-based Interactive Scenarios with Mixed-Cultural Intelligent Virtual Agents. Obremski, David; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents, of IVA ’23. ACM, Würzburg, Germany, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Obremski2023IVAPosterTool, author = {Obremski, David and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents}, keywords = {mi}, note = {DOI: 10.1145/3570945.3607288, in press}, publisher = {ACM}, series = {IVA '23}, title = {A System for Building Wizard-of-Oz-based Interactive Scenarios with Mixed-Cultural Intelligent Virtual Agents}, year = 2023 }
• Visualizing Geophylogenies - Internal and External Labeling with Phylogenetic Tree Constraints. Klawitter, Jonathan; Klesen, Felix; Scholl, Joris Y.; van Dijk, Thomas C.; Zaft, Alexander. In Proc. 12th Int. Conf. on Geographic Information Science (GIScience’23), Vol. 277 of LIPIcs, R. Beecham, J. A. Long, D. Smith, Q. Zhao, S. Wise (eds.), pp. 5:1–5:16. Schloss Dagstuhl -- Leibniz-Zentrum f{ü}r Informatik, 2023.
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  @inproceedings{kksdz-vgielwptc-GIScience23, author = {Klawitter, Jonathan and Klesen, Felix and Scholl, Joris Y. and van Dijk, Thomas C. and Zaft, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 12th Int. Conf. on Geographic Information Science (GIScience'23)}, editor = {Beecham, Roger and Long, Jed A. and Smith, Dianna and Zhao, Qunshan and Wise, Sarah}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {5:1–5:16}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Visualizing Geophylogenies - Internal and External Labeling with Phylogenetic Tree Constraints}, volume = 277, year = 2023 }
• DFM4SFM - Dense Feature Matching for Structure from Motion. Seibt, Simon; Von Rymon Lipinski, Bartosz; Chang, Thomas; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Challenges and Workshops (ICIPCW), pp. 1–5. 2023.
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  Structure from motion (SfM) is a fundamental task in computer vision and allows recovering the 3D structure of a stationary scene from an image set. Finding robust and accurate feature matches plays a crucial role in the early stages of SfM. So in this work, we propose a novel method for computing image correspondences based on dense feature matching (DFM) using homographic decomposition: The underlying pipeline provides refinement of existing matches through iterative rematching, detection of occlusions and extrapolation of additional matches in critical image areas between image pairs. Our main contributions are improvements of DFM specifically for SfM, resulting in global refinement and global extrapolation of image correspondences between related views. Furthermore, we propose an iterative version of the Delaunay-triangulation-based outlier detection algorithm for robust processing of repeated image patterns. Through experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed method significantlv improves the reconstruction accuracy.

  @inproceedings{10328368, abstract = {Structure from motion (SfM) is a fundamental task in computer vision and allows recovering the 3D structure of a stationary scene from an image set. Finding robust and accurate feature matches plays a crucial role in the early stages of SfM. So in this work, we propose a novel method for computing image correspondences based on dense feature matching (DFM) using homographic decomposition: The underlying pipeline provides refinement of existing matches through iterative rematching, detection of occlusions and extrapolation of additional matches in critical image areas between image pairs. Our main contributions are improvements of DFM specifically for SfM, resulting in global refinement and global extrapolation of image correspondences between related views. Furthermore, we propose an iterative version of the Delaunay-triangulation-based outlier detection algorithm for robust processing of repeated image patterns. Through experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed method significantlv improves the reconstruction accuracy.}, author = {Seibt, Simon and Von Rymon Lipinski, Bartosz and Chang, Thomas and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing Challenges and Workshops (ICIPCW)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1-5}, title = {DFM4SFM - Dense Feature Matching for Structure from Motion}, year = 2023 }
• Ontologically Mapping Learning Objectives and Gameplay Goals. Chetitah, Mounsif; von Mammen, Sebastian. In CoG, pp. 1–4. IEEE, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @inproceedings{conf/cig/ChetitahM23, author = {Chetitah, Mounsif and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {CoG}, crossref = {conf/cig/2023}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1-4}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Ontologically Mapping Learning Objectives and Gameplay Goals.}, year = 2023 }
• A Subjective Quality Assessment of Temporally Reprojected Specular Reflections in Virtual Reality. Mišiak, Martin; Fuhrmann, Arnulph; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2023 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), pp. 825–826. 2023.
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  Temporal reprojection is a popular method for mitigating sampling artifacts from a variety of sources. This work investigates it's impact on the subjective quality of specular reflections in Virtual Reality(VR). Our results show that temporal reprojection is highly effective at improving the visual comfort of specular materials, especially at low sample counts. A slightly diminished effect could also be observed in improving the subjective accuracy of the resulting reflection.

  @inproceedings{misiak2023subjective, abstract = {Temporal reprojection is a popular method for mitigating sampling artifacts from a variety of sources. This work investigates it's impact on the subjective quality of specular reflections in Virtual Reality(VR). Our results show that temporal reprojection is highly effective at improving the visual comfort of specular materials, especially at low sample counts. A slightly diminished effect could also be observed in improving the subjective accuracy of the resulting reflection.}, author = {Mišiak, Martin and Fuhrmann, Arnulph and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {825-826}, title = {A Subjective Quality Assessment of Temporally Reprojected Specular Reflections in Virtual Reality}, year = 2023 }
• Motion Learning Toolbox – A Python library for preprocessing of XR motion tracking data for machine learning applications. Rack, Christian; Schach, Lukas; Latoschik, Marc. 2023.
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  The Motion Learning Toolbox is a Python library designed to facilitate the preprocessing of motion tracking data in extended reality (XR) setups. It's particularly useful for researchers and engineers wanting to use XR tracking data as input for machine learning models. Originally developed for academic research targeting the identification of XR users by their motions, this toolbox includes a variety of data encoding methods that enhance machine learning model performance.

  @misc{rack2023motionlearningtoolbox, abstract = {The Motion Learning Toolbox is a Python library designed to facilitate the preprocessing of motion tracking data in extended reality (XR) setups. It's particularly useful for researchers and engineers wanting to use XR tracking data as input for machine learning models. Originally developed for academic research targeting the identification of XR users by their motions, this toolbox includes a variety of data encoding methods that enhance machine learning model performance.}, author = {Rack, Christian and Schach, Lukas and Latoschik, Marc}, howpublished = {GitHub Repository}, keywords = {schell}, title = {Motion Learning Toolbox – A Python library for preprocessing of XR motion tracking data for machine learning applications}, year = 2023 }
• Gamification Framework for Reinforcement Learning-based Neuropsychology Experiments. Chetitah, Mounsif; Müller, Julian; Deserno, Lorenz; Walttman, Maria; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, pp. 1–4. 2023.
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  Reinforcement learning (RL) is an adaptive process where an agent relies on its experience to improve the outcome of its performance. It learns by taking actions to maximize its rewards, and by minimizing the gap between predicted and received rewards. In experimental neuropsychology, RL algorithms are used as a conceptual basis to account for several aspects of human motivation and cognition. A number of neuropsychological experiments, such as reversal learning, sequential decision-making, and go-no-go tasks, are required to validate the decisive RL algorithms. The experiments are conducted in digital environments and are comprised of numerous trials that lead to participants’ frustration and fatigue. This paper presents a gamification framework for reinforcement-based neuropsychology experiments that aims to increase participant engagement and provide them with appropriate testing environments.

  @inproceedings{chetitah2023gamification, abstract = {Reinforcement learning (RL) is an adaptive process where an agent relies on its experience to improve the outcome of its performance. It learns by taking actions to maximize its rewards, and by minimizing the gap between predicted and received rewards. In experimental neuropsychology, RL algorithms are used as a conceptual basis to account for several aspects of human motivation and cognition. A number of neuropsychological experiments, such as reversal learning, sequential decision-making, and go-no-go tasks, are required to validate the decisive RL algorithms. The experiments are conducted in digital environments and are comprised of numerous trials that lead to participants’ frustration and fatigue. This paper presents a gamification framework for reinforcement-based neuropsychology experiments that aims to increase participant engagement and provide them with appropriate testing environments.}, author = {Chetitah, Mounsif and Müller, Julian and Deserno, Lorenz and Walttman, Maria and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1–4}, title = {Gamification Framework for Reinforcement Learning-based Neuropsychology Experiments}, year = 2023 }
• A Simple Pipeline for Orthogonal Graph Drawing. Hegemann, Tim; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 31st Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD), Vol. 14466 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, M. Bekos, M. Chimani (eds.), pp. 170–186. Springer-Verlag, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{hw-spogd-GD23, author = {Hegemann, Tim and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 31st Int. Symp. Graph Drawing \& Network Vis. (GD)}, editor = {Bekos, Michael and Chimani, Markus}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {170–186}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {A Simple Pipeline for Orthogonal Graph Drawing}, volume = 14466, year = 2023 }
• Telescope: An Automated Hybrid Forecasting Approach on a Level-Playing Field. Bauer, André; Leznik, Mark; Stenger, Michael; Leppich, Robert; Herbst, Nikolas; Kounev, Samuel; Foster, Ian. arXiv preprint, 2023.
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  • [ URL ]
  @misc{bauer2023telescope, author = {Bauer, André and Leznik, Mark and Stenger, Michael and Leppich, Robert and Herbst, Nikolas and Kounev, Samuel and Foster, Ian}, keywords = {descartes}, publisher = {arXiv preprint}, title = {Telescope: An Automated Hybrid Forecasting Approach on a Level-Playing Field}, year = 2023 }
• BLOCSIE - Benchmark for LOCalization in a Simulated Industrial Environment. Spiess, Florian; Bluemm, Daniel; Strobel, Norbert; Kaupp, Tobias; Kounev, Samuel. In 2023 21st International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR), pp. 577–584. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{10406777, author = {Spiess, Florian and Bluemm, Daniel and Strobel, Norbert and Kaupp, Tobias and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {2023 21st International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR)}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {577-584}, title = {BLOCSIE - Benchmark for LOCalization in a Simulated Industrial Environment}, year = 2023 }
• Higher-Order Patterns Reveal Causal Timescales of Complex Systems. Petrovic, Luka V.; Wegner, Anatol E.; Scholtes, Ingo. In CoRR, abs/2301.11623. 2023.
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  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2301-11623, author = {Petrovic, Luka V. and Wegner, Anatol E. and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Higher-Order Patterns Reveal Causal Timescales of Complex Systems.}, volume = {abs/2301.11623}, year = 2023 }
• Optimizing Medical Service Request Processes through Language Modeling and Semantic Search. Schlör, Daniel; Pfister, Jan; Hotho, Andreas. In 2023 the 7th International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics (ICMHI), of ICMHI 2023, pp. 136–141. Association for Computing Machinery, Kyoto, Japan, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Medical service requests are a crucial part of the workflow in hospitals and healthcare organizations. However, the process of requesting medical services can be time consuming and can require physicians and medical personnel to navigate complex interfaces and enter detailed information about the requested service. In this paper, we propose a system that uses machine learning techniques such as large language models and semantic search to optimize the process of requesting medical services. Our approach enables physicians to request medical services using natural language rather than navigating complex interfaces, allowing for more efficient and flexible interactions with hospital information systems. We evaluate our approach on real-world data and discuss the implications of our work for the future of digital health care. Our results suggest that our approach has the potential to streamline the process of requesting medical services and reduce the time and manual effort required in the daily hospital routine.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3608298.3608324, abstract = {Medical service requests are a crucial part of the workflow in hospitals and healthcare organizations. However, the process of requesting medical services can be time consuming and can require physicians and medical personnel to navigate complex interfaces and enter detailed information about the requested service. In this paper, we propose a system that uses machine learning techniques such as large language models and semantic search to optimize the process of requesting medical services. Our approach enables physicians to request medical services using natural language rather than navigating complex interfaces, allowing for more efficient and flexible interactions with hospital information systems. We evaluate our approach on real-world data and discuss the implications of our work for the future of digital health care. Our results suggest that our approach has the potential to streamline the process of requesting medical services and reduce the time and manual effort required in the daily hospital routine.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Schlör, Daniel and Pfister, Jan and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {2023 the 7th International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics (ICMHI)}, keywords = {llm}, pages = {136–141}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICMHI 2023}, title = {Optimizing Medical Service Request Processes through Language Modeling and Semantic Search}, year = 2023 }
• ConvMOS: climate model output statistics with deep learning. Steininger, Michael; Abel, Daniel; Ziegler, Katrin; Krause, Anna; Paeth, Heiko; Hotho, Andreas. In Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, 37(1), pp. 136–166. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Climate models are the tool of choice for scientists researching climate change. Like all models they suffer from errors, particularly systematic and location-specific representation errors. One way to reduce these errors is model output statistics (MOS) where the model output is fitted to observational data with machine learning. In this work, we assess the use of convolutional Deep Learning climate MOS approaches and present the ConvMOS architecture which is specifically designed based on the observation that there are systematic and location-specific errors in the precipitation estimates of climate models. We apply ConvMOS models to the simulated precipitation of the regional climate model REMO, showing that a combination of per-location model parameters for reducing location-specific errors and global model parameters for reducing systematic errors is indeed beneficial for MOS performance. We find that ConvMOS models can reduce errors considerably and perform significantly better than three commonly used MOS approaches and plain ResNet and U-Net models in most cases. Our results show that non-linear MOS models underestimate the number of extreme precipitation events, which we alleviate by training models specialized towards extreme precipitation events with the imbalanced regression method DenseLoss. While we consider climate MOS, we argue that aspects of ConvMOS may also be beneficial in other domains with geospatial data, such as air pollution modeling or weather forecasts.

  @article{steininger2023convmos, abstract = {Climate models are the tool of choice for scientists researching climate change. Like all models they suffer from errors, particularly systematic and location-specific representation errors. One way to reduce these errors is model output statistics (MOS) where the model output is fitted to observational data with machine learning. In this work, we assess the use of convolutional Deep Learning climate MOS approaches and present the ConvMOS architecture which is specifically designed based on the observation that there are systematic and location-specific errors in the precipitation estimates of climate models. We apply ConvMOS models to the simulated precipitation of the regional climate model REMO, showing that a combination of per-location model parameters for reducing location-specific errors and global model parameters for reducing systematic errors is indeed beneficial for MOS performance. We find that ConvMOS models can reduce errors considerably and perform significantly better than three commonly used MOS approaches and plain ResNet and U-Net models in most cases. Our results show that non-linear MOS models underestimate the number of extreme precipitation events, which we alleviate by training models specialized towards extreme precipitation events with the imbalanced regression method DenseLoss. While we consider climate MOS, we argue that aspects of ConvMOS may also be beneficial in other domains with geospatial data, such as air pollution modeling or weather forecasts.}, author = {Steininger, Michael and Abel, Daniel and Ziegler, Katrin and Krause, Anna and Paeth, Heiko and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery}, keywords = {selected}, number = 1, pages = {136–166}, title = {ConvMOS: climate model output statistics with deep learning}, volume = 37, year = 2023 }
• Towards a Computational Analysis of Suspense: Detecting Dangerous Situations. Zehe, Albin; Schröter, Julian; Hotho, Andreas. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Suspense is an important tool in storytelling to keep readers engaged and wanting to read more. However, it has so far not been studied extensively in Computational Literary Studies. In this paper, we focus on one of the elements authors can use to build up suspense: dangerous situations. We introduce a corpus of texts annotated with dangerous situations, distinguishing between 7 types of danger. Additionally, we annotate parts of the text that describe fear experienced by a character, regardless of the actual presence of danger. We present experiments towards the automatic detection of these situations, finding that unsupervised baseline methods can provide valuable signals for the detection, but more complex methods are necessary for further analysis. Not unexpectedly, the description of danger and fear often relies heavily on the context, both local (e.g., situations where danger is only mentioned, but not actually present) and global (e.g., "storm" being used in a literal sense in an adventure novel, but metaphorically in a romance novel).

  @misc{zehe2023towards, abstract = {Suspense is an important tool in storytelling to keep readers engaged and wanting to read more. However, it has so far not been studied extensively in Computational Literary Studies. In this paper, we focus on one of the elements authors can use to build up suspense: dangerous situations. We introduce a corpus of texts annotated with dangerous situations, distinguishing between 7 types of danger. Additionally, we annotate parts of the text that describe fear experienced by a character, regardless of the actual presence of danger. We present experiments towards the automatic detection of these situations, finding that unsupervised baseline methods can provide valuable signals for the detection, but more complex methods are necessary for further analysis. Not unexpectedly, the description of danger and fear often relies heavily on the context, both local (e.g., situations where danger is only mentioned, but not actually present) and global (e.g., "storm" being used in a literal sense in an adventure novel, but metaphorically in a romance novel).}, author = {Zehe, Albin and Schröter, Julian and Hotho, Andreas}, keywords = {suspense}, note = {cite arxiv:2305.06818 Comment: 4 pages + references & appendix; work in progress}, title = {Towards a Computational Analysis of Suspense: Detecting Dangerous Situations}, year = 2023 }
• CapsKG: Enabling Continual Knowledge Integration in Language Models for Automatic Knowledge Graph Completion. Omeliyanenko, Janna; Zehe, Albin; Hotho, Andreas; Schlör, Daniel. In International Semantic Web Conference ISWC 2023, to appear. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Automated completion of knowledge graphs is a popular topic in the Semantic Web community that aims to automatically and continuously integrate new appearing knowledge into knowledge graphs using artificial intelligence. Recently, approaches that leverage implicit knowledge from language models for this task have shown promising re- sults. However, by fine-tuning language models directly to the domain of knowledge graphs, models forget their original language representation and associated knowledge. An existing solution to address this issue is a trainable adapter, which is integrated into a frozen language model to extract the relevant knowledge without altering the model itself. How- ever, this constrains the generalizability to the specific extraction task and by design requires new and independent adapters to be trained for new knowledge extraction tasks. This effectively prevents the model from benefiting from existing knowledge incorporated in previously trained adapters. In this paper, we propose to combine the benefits of adapters for knowl- edge graph completion with the idea of integrating capsules, introduced in the field of continual learning. This allows the continuous integra- tion of knowledge into a joint model by sharing and reusing previously trained capsules. We find that our approach outperforms solutions using traditional adapters, while requiring notably fewer parameters for con- tinuous knowledge integration. Moreover, we show that this architecture benefits significantly from knowledge sharing in low-resource situations, outperforming adapter-based models on the task of link prediction.

  @article{omeliyanenko2023capskg, abstract = {Automated completion of knowledge graphs is a popular topic in the Semantic Web community that aims to automatically and continuously integrate new appearing knowledge into knowledge graphs using artificial intelligence. Recently, approaches that leverage implicit knowledge from language models for this task have shown promising re- sults. However, by fine-tuning language models directly to the domain of knowledge graphs, models forget their original language representation and associated knowledge. An existing solution to address this issue is a trainable adapter, which is integrated into a frozen language model to extract the relevant knowledge without altering the model itself. How- ever, this constrains the generalizability to the specific extraction task and by design requires new and independent adapters to be trained for new knowledge extraction tasks. This effectively prevents the model from benefiting from existing knowledge incorporated in previously trained adapters. In this paper, we propose to combine the benefits of adapters for knowl- edge graph completion with the idea of integrating capsules, introduced in the field of continual learning. This allows the continuous integra- tion of knowledge into a joint model by sharing and reusing previously trained capsules. We find that our approach outperforms solutions using traditional adapters, while requiring notably fewer parameters for con- tinuous knowledge integration. Moreover, we show that this architecture benefits significantly from knowledge sharing in low-resource situations, outperforming adapter-based models on the task of link prediction.}, author = {Omeliyanenko, Janna and Zehe, Albin and Hotho, Andreas and Schlör, Daniel}, journal = {International Semantic Web Conference ISWC 2023, to appear}, keywords = {graph}, title = {CapsKG: Enabling Continual Knowledge Integration in Language Models for Automatic Knowledge Graph Completion}, year = 2023 }
• Automatic Speech Detection on a Smart Beehive’s Raspberry Pi. Janetzky, Pascal; Lissmann, Philipp; Hotho, Andreas; Krause, Anna. In LWDA 2023 - Learning, Knowledge, Data, and Analysis (accepted). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{janetzky2023automatic, author = {Janetzky, Pascal and Lissmann, Philipp and Hotho, Andreas and Krause, Anna}, booktitle = {LWDA 2023 - Learning, Knowledge, Data, and Analysis (accepted)}, keywords = {from:martinr}, title = {Automatic Speech Detection on a Smart Beehive's Raspberry Pi}, year = 2023 }
• Swarming Detection in Smart Beehives Using Auto Encoders for Audio Data. Janetzky, Pascal; Schaller, Melanie; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. In 2023 30th International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP), pp. 1–5. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  —Swarming is the natural mechanism by which bee colonies reproduce, but for beekeepers it is a challenge. Precision beekeeping can aid their work through early notifications about impending swarms. In this work, we focus on identifying swarms and their early indicators in audio data captured from a smart beehive. The challenge with such domain-specific data is the low availability of labelled samples, the strong label imbalance, and the recording of undesired sources. We approach this challenge through a two-step setup: First, we use an auto encoder network to detect sounds from mechanical sources and then use it to clean data. Secondly, on the cleaned data we then employ a second network to identify event-related bee sounds. Using spectrogram features, our networks are able to reach a balanced accuracy score of more than 99 % in the detection of special bee events. The findings of this initial study can serve as the starting point for further research on handling imbalanced data collections from smart, remote sensor environments that also contain undesired signals.

  @inproceedings{janetzky2023swarming, abstract = {—Swarming is the natural mechanism by which bee colonies reproduce, but for beekeepers it is a challenge. Precision beekeeping can aid their work through early notifications about impending swarms. In this work, we focus on identifying swarms and their early indicators in audio data captured from a smart beehive. The challenge with such domain-specific data is the low availability of labelled samples, the strong label imbalance, and the recording of undesired sources. We approach this challenge through a two-step setup: First, we use an auto encoder network to detect sounds from mechanical sources and then use it to clean data. Secondly, on the cleaned data we then employ a second network to identify event-related bee sounds. Using spectrogram features, our networks are able to reach a balanced accuracy score of more than 99 % in the detection of special bee events. The findings of this initial study can serve as the starting point for further research on handling imbalanced data collections from smart, remote sensor environments that also contain undesired signals.}, author = {Janetzky, Pascal and Schaller, Melanie and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {2023 30th International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP)}, keywords = {from:jascal_panetzky}, pages = {1-5}, title = {Swarming Detection in Smart Beehives Using Auto Encoders for Audio Data}, year = 2023 }
• Evaluating feature relevance XAI in network intrusion detection. Tritscher, Julian; Wolf, Maximilian; Hotho, Andreas; Schlör, Daniel. In The World Conference on eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI 2023) - to appear. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  As machine learning models become increasingly complex, there is a growing need for explainability to understand and trust the decision-making processes. In the domain of network intrusion detection, post-hoc feature relevance explanations have been widely used to provide insight into the factors driving model decisions. However, recent research has highlighted challenges with these methods when applied to anomaly detection, which can vary in importance and impact depending on the application domain. In this paper, we investigate the challenges of post-hoc feature relevance explanations for network intrusion detection, a critical area for ensuring the security and integrity of computer networks. To gain a deeper understanding of these challenges for the application domain, we quantitatively and qualitatively investigate the popular feature relevance approach SHAP when explaining different network intrusion detection approaches. We conduct experiments to jointly evaluate detection quality and explainability, and explore the impact of replacement data, a commonly overlooked hyperparameter of post-hoc feature relevance approaches. We find that post-hoc XAI can provide high quality explanations, but requires a careful choice of its replacement data as default settings and common choices do not transfer across different detection models. Our study showcases the viability of post-hoc XAI for network intrusion detection systems, but highlights the need for rigorous evaluations of produced explanations.

  @article{tritscher2023evaluating, abstract = {As machine learning models become increasingly complex, there is a growing need for explainability to understand and trust the decision-making processes. In the domain of network intrusion detection, post-hoc feature relevance explanations have been widely used to provide insight into the factors driving model decisions. However, recent research has highlighted challenges with these methods when applied to anomaly detection, which can vary in importance and impact depending on the application domain. In this paper, we investigate the challenges of post-hoc feature relevance explanations for network intrusion detection, a critical area for ensuring the security and integrity of computer networks. To gain a deeper understanding of these challenges for the application domain, we quantitatively and qualitatively investigate the popular feature relevance approach SHAP when explaining different network intrusion detection approaches. We conduct experiments to jointly evaluate detection quality and explainability, and explore the impact of replacement data, a commonly overlooked hyperparameter of post-hoc feature relevance approaches. We find that post-hoc XAI can provide high quality explanations, but requires a careful choice of its replacement data as default settings and common choices do not transfer across different detection models. Our study showcases the viability of post-hoc XAI for network intrusion detection systems, but highlights the need for rigorous evaluations of produced explanations.}, author = {Tritscher, Julian and Wolf, Maximilian and Hotho, Andreas and Schlör, Daniel}, journal = {The World Conference on eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (xAI 2023) - to appear}, keywords = {xai}, title = {Evaluating feature relevance XAI in network intrusion detection}, year = 2023 }
• Parameterized Approximation Schemes for Clustering with General Norm Objectives. Abbasi, Fateme; Banerjee, Sandip; Byrka, Jaroslaw; Chalermsook, Parinya; Gadekar, Ameet; Khodamoradi, Kamyar; Marx, Daniel; Sharma, Roohani; Spoerhase, Joachim. In Proc. 64th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS’23). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{abbasi-etal23:epas-norm-clustering, author = {Abbasi, Fateme and Banerjee, Sandip and Byrka, Jaroslaw and Chalermsook, Parinya and Gadekar, Ameet and Khodamoradi, Kamyar and Marx, Daniel and Sharma, Roohani and Spoerhase, Joachim}, booktitle = {Proc. 64th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS'23)}, keywords = {key}, note = {to appear}, title = {Parameterized Approximation Schemes for Clustering with General Norm Objectives}, year = 2023 }
• {Online Learning of Neural Surface Light Fields Alongside Real-Time Incremental 3D Reconstruction}. Yuan, Y.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL), 8(6), pp. 3843–3850. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Immersive novel view generation is an important technology in the field of graphics and has recently also received attention for operator-based human-robot interaction. However, the involved training is time-consuming, and thus the current test scope is majorly on object capturing. This limits the usage of related models in the robotics community for 3D reconstruction since robots (1) usually only capture a very small range of view directions to surfaces that cause arbitrary predictions on unseen, novel direction, (2) requires real-time algorithms, and (3) work with growing scenes, e.g., in robotic exploration. The letter proposes a novel Neural Surface Light Fields model that copes with the small range of view directions while producing a good result in unseen directions. Exploiting recent encoding techniques, the training of our model is highly efficient. In addition, we design Multiple Asynchronous Neural Agents (MANA), a universal framework to learn each small region in parallel for large-scale growing scenes. Our model learns online the Neural Surface Light Fields (NSLF) aside from real-time 3D reconstruction with a sequential data stream as the shared input. In addition to online training, our model also provides real-time rendering after completing the data stream for visualization. We implement experiments using well-known RGBD indoor datasets, showing the high flexibility to embed our model into real-time 3D reconstruction and demonstrating high-fidelity view synthesis for these scenes.

  @article{RAL2023, abstract = {Immersive novel view generation is an important technology in the field of graphics and has recently also received attention for operator-based human-robot interaction. However, the involved training is time-consuming, and thus the current test scope is majorly on object capturing. This limits the usage of related models in the robotics community for 3D reconstruction since robots (1) usually only capture a very small range of view directions to surfaces that cause arbitrary predictions on unseen, novel direction, (2) requires real-time algorithms, and (3) work with growing scenes, e.g., in robotic exploration. The letter proposes a novel Neural Surface Light Fields model that copes with the small range of view directions while producing a good result in unseen directions. Exploiting recent encoding techniques, the training of our model is highly efficient. In addition, we design Multiple Asynchronous Neural Agents (MANA), a universal framework to learn each small region in parallel for large-scale growing scenes. Our model learns online the Neural Surface Light Fields (NSLF) aside from real-time 3D reconstruction with a sequential data stream as the shared input. In addition to online training, our model also provides real-time rendering after completing the data stream for visualization. We implement experiments using well-known RGBD indoor datasets, showing the high flexibility to embed our model into real-time 3D reconstruction and demonstrating high-fidelity view synthesis for these scenes.}, author = {Yuan, Y. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL)}, keywords = {author}, note = {https://jarrome.github.io/NSLF-OL}, number = 6, pages = {3843–3850}, title = {{Online Learning of Neural Surface Light Fields Alongside Real-Time Incremental 3D Reconstruction}}, volume = 8, year = 2023 }
• Record, Review, Edit, Apply: A Motion Data Pipeline for Virtual Reality Development {\&}amp$\mathsemicolon$ Design. Hofmann, Sarah; {Ö}zdemir, Cem; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games. {ACM}, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{Hofmann:2023aa, author = {Hofmann, Sarah and {\"O}zdemir, Cem and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {Record, Review, Edit, Apply: A Motion Data Pipeline for Virtual Reality Development {\&}amp$\mathsemicolon$ Design}, year = 2023 }
• How Do Employees Imagine AI They Want to Work with: A Drawing Study. Straka, Samantha; Koch, Martin Jakobus; Carolus, Astrid; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, of CHI EA ’23. Association for Computing Machinery, Hamburg, Germany, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Perceptions about AI influence the attribution of characteristics and the interaction with AI. To find out how workers imagine an AI they would like to work with and what characteristics they attribute to it, we asked 174 working individuals to draw an AI they would like to work with, to report five adjectives they associate with their drawing and to evaluate the drawn and three other, typical AI representations (e.g. robot, smartphone) either presented as male or female. Participants mainly drew humanoid or robotic AIs. The adjectives that describe AI mainly referred to the inner characteristics, capabilities, shape, or relationship types. Regarding the evaluation, we identified four dimensions (warmth, competence, animacy, size) that can be reproduced for male and female AIs and different AI representations. This work addresses diverse conceptions of AI in the workplace and shows that human-centered AI development is necessary to address the huge design space.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3544549.3585631, abstract = {Perceptions about AI influence the attribution of characteristics and the interaction with AI. To find out how workers imagine an AI they would like to work with and what characteristics they attribute to it, we asked 174 working individuals to draw an AI they would like to work with, to report five adjectives they associate with their drawing and to evaluate the drawn and three other, typical AI representations (e.g. robot, smartphone) either presented as male or female. Participants mainly drew humanoid or robotic AIs. The adjectives that describe AI mainly referred to the inner characteristics, capabilities, shape, or relationship types. Regarding the evaluation, we identified four dimensions (warmth, competence, animacy, size) that can be reproduced for male and female AIs and different AI representations. This work addresses diverse conceptions of AI in the workplace and shows that human-centered AI development is necessary to address the huge design space.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Straka, Samantha and Koch, Martin Jakobus and Carolus, Astrid and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {Extended Abstracts of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {intelligence}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '23}, title = {How Do Employees Imagine AI They Want to Work with: A Drawing Study}, year = 2023 }
• Smoothed Normal Distribution Transform for Efficient Point Cloud Registration During Space Rendezvous. Renaut, L.; Frei, H.; Nüchter, A. In Proceedings of the 18th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications -- Volume 5: VISAPP, pp. 919–930. SciTePress, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Next to the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, the normal distribution transform (NDT) algorithm is be- coming a second standard for 3D point cloud registration in mobile robotics. Both methods are effective, however they require a sufficiently good initialization to successfully converge. In particular, the discontinuities in the NDT cost function can lead to difficulties when performing the optimization. In addition, when the size of the point clouds increases, performing the registration in real-time becomes challenging. This work in- troduces a Gaussian smoothing technique of the NDT map, which can be done prior to the registration process. A kd-tree adaptation of the typical octree representation of NDT maps is also proposed. The performance of the modified smoothed NDT (S-NDT) algorithm for pairwise scan registration is assessed on two large-scale outdoor datasets, and compared to the performance of a state-of-the-art ICP implementation. S-NDT is around four times faster and as robust as ICP while reaching similar precision. The algorithm is thereafter applied to the problem of LiDAR tracking of a spacecraft in close-range in the context of space rendezvous, demonstrating the performance and applicability to real-time applications.

  @inproceedings{VISAPP2023, abstract = {Next to the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm, the normal distribution transform (NDT) algorithm is be- coming a second standard for 3D point cloud registration in mobile robotics. Both methods are effective, however they require a sufficiently good initialization to successfully converge. In particular, the discontinuities in the NDT cost function can lead to difficulties when performing the optimization. In addition, when the size of the point clouds increases, performing the registration in real-time becomes challenging. This work in- troduces a Gaussian smoothing technique of the NDT map, which can be done prior to the registration process. A kd-tree adaptation of the typical octree representation of NDT maps is also proposed. The performance of the modified smoothed NDT (S-NDT) algorithm for pairwise scan registration is assessed on two large-scale outdoor datasets, and compared to the performance of a state-of-the-art ICP implementation. S-NDT is around four times faster and as robust as ICP while reaching similar precision. The algorithm is thereafter applied to the problem of LiDAR tracking of a spacecraft in close-range in the context of space rendezvous, demonstrating the performance and applicability to real-time applications.}, author = {Renaut, L. and Frei, H. and Nüchter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications – Volume 5: VISAPP,}, keywords = {author}, organization = {INSTICC}, pages = {919–930}, publisher = {SciTePress}, title = {Smoothed Normal Distribution Transform for Efficient Point Cloud Registration During Space Rendezvous}, year = 2023 }
• Mitigation of Fear Triggers for Image Viewing in Virtual Reality. Hetterich, Amelie; Mammen, Sebastian von; Pohl, Daniel. In Proceedings of the Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments (2023), pp. 35–36. The Eurographics Association, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Hetterich:2023aa, author = {Hetterich, Amelie and Mammen, Sebastian von and Pohl, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eurographics Symposium on Virtual Environments (2023)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {35–36}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association}, title = {Mitigation of Fear Triggers for Image Viewing in Virtual Reality}, year = 2023 }
• Modulith: A Game Engine Made for Modding. G{ö}tz, Daniel; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, of FDG ’23. Association for Computing Machinery, Lisbon, Portugal, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  A modular game engine facilitates development of game technologies and game contents. The latter includes content creation by the player in the form of modding. Based on a requirements analysis to meet the needs of developers, gamers and modders, we present a novel concept for a fully modular game engine. This concept includes a module system, which allows additional code to be loaded at runtime, and various support systems that simplify the use of the engine and the creation of modules. We present a proof-of-concept implementation, underline its fulfillment of the unearthed requirements, and demonstrate its use.

  @inproceedings{Gotz:2023aa, abstract = {A modular game engine facilitates development of game technologies and game contents. The latter includes content creation by the player in the form of modding. Based on a requirements analysis to meet the needs of developers, gamers and modders, we present a novel concept for a fully modular game engine. This concept includes a module system, which allows additional code to be loaded at runtime, and various support systems that simplify the use of the engine and the creation of modules. We present a proof-of-concept implementation, underline its fulfillment of the unearthed requirements, and demonstrate its use.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {G\"{o}tz, Daniel and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {FDG '23}, title = {Modulith: A Game Engine Made for Modding}, year = 2023 }
• Visual odometry and mapping under poor visibility conditions using a stereo infrared thermal imaging system. Edlinger, R.; Himmelbauer, G.; Zauner, G.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IS\&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology, of Electronic Imaging, pp. 325–1. Society for Imaging Science and Technology, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In the past decades, developments in the field of computer vision have made both the software and hardware more capable and more easily accessible. This has enabled otherwise complex vision systems to be used in other fields, such as autonomous robotics. Although vision systems in the visible light spectrum are commonplace in robotics nowadays, the thermal spectrum is still rarely used, even though it offers certain advantages. A thermal camera can sense the temperature of objects, is independent of illumination and can actually see through heavy smoke and fog. This makes it a useful tool in particular in the field of rescue robotics, where poor vision conditions are to be expected. In this paper, the feasibility of using two thermal cameras in a stereo vision setup to map indoor scenes is to be examined. It is meant to allow an autonomous robot to perceive its indoor surroundings as a 3D space, even in poor vision conditions. The biggest challenges are the calibration of thermal cameras and the proper filtering of the raw image and the resulting disparity map. Simple and easily implemented solutions are proposed for each of these issues.

  @inproceedings{EI2023a, abstract = {In the past decades, developments in the field of computer vision have made both the software and hardware more capable and more easily accessible. This has enabled otherwise complex vision systems to be used in other fields, such as autonomous robotics. Although vision systems in the visible light spectrum are commonplace in robotics nowadays, the thermal spectrum is still rarely used, even though it offers certain advantages. A thermal camera can sense the temperature of objects, is independent of illumination and can actually see through heavy smoke and fog. This makes it a useful tool in particular in the field of rescue robotics, where poor vision conditions are to be expected. In this paper, the feasibility of using two thermal cameras in a stereo vision setup to map indoor scenes is to be examined. It is meant to allow an autonomous robot to perceive its indoor surroundings as a 3D space, even in poor vision conditions. The biggest challenges are the calibration of thermal cameras and the proper filtering of the raw image and the resulting disparity map. Simple and easily implemented solutions are proposed for each of these issues.}, address = {San Francisco, CA, USA}, author = {Edlinger, R. and Himmelbauer, G. and Zauner, G. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IS\&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology}, keywords = {myown}, month = {01}, pages = {325-1–325-7}, publisher = {Society for Imaging Science and Technology}, series = {Electronic Imaging}, title = {Visual odometry and mapping under poor visibility conditions using a stereo infrared thermal imaging system}, year = 2023 }
• {femtoPro}: virtual-reality interactive training simulator of an ultrafast laser laboratory. Brixner, Tobias; Mueller, Stefan; Müller, Andreas; Knote, Andreas; Schnepp, Wilhelm; Truman, Samuel; Vetter, Anne; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Applied Physics B, 129(5). Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{Brixner_2023, author = {Brixner, Tobias and Mueller, Stefan and Müller, Andreas and Knote, Andreas and Schnepp, Wilhelm and Truman, Samuel and Vetter, Anne and von Mammen, Sebastian}, journal = {Applied Physics B}, keywords = {simulation}, month = {04}, number = 5, publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media {LLC}}, title = {{femtoPro}: virtual-reality interactive training simulator of an ultrafast laser laboratory}, volume = 129, year = 2023 }
• Programmatic Design and Architecture of an Immersive Laser Laboratory. M{ü}ller, Andreas; M{ü}ller, Stefan; Brixner, Tobias; von Mammen, Sebastian. In IMET, pp. 45–52. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Muller:2023aa, author = {M{\"u}ller, Andreas and M{\"u}ller, Stefan and Brixner, Tobias and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {IMET}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {45–52}, title = {Programmatic Design and Architecture of an Immersive Laser Laboratory.}, year = 2023 }
• Virtual-to-Physical Surface Alignment and Refinement Techniques for Handwriting, Sketching, and Selection in XR. Kern, Florian; Tschanter, Jonathan; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2023 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), pp. 502–506. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The alignment of virtual to physical surfaces is essential to improve symbolic input and selection in XR. Previous techniques optimized for efficiency can lead to inaccuracies. We investigate regression-based refinement techniques and introduce a surface accuracy eval-uation. The results revealed that refinement techniques can highly improve surface accuracy and show that accuracy depends on the gesture shape and surface dimension. Our reference implementation and dataset are publicly available.

  @inproceedings{10108564, abstract = {The alignment of virtual to physical surfaces is essential to improve symbolic input and selection in XR. Previous techniques optimized for efficiency can lead to inaccuracies. We investigate regression-based refinement techniques and introduce a surface accuracy eval-uation. The results revealed that refinement techniques can highly improve surface accuracy and show that accuracy depends on the gesture shape and surface dimension. Our reference implementation and dataset are publicly available.}, author = {Kern, Florian and Tschanter, Jonathan and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {vilearn}, month = {03}, pages = {502-506}, title = {Virtual-to-Physical Surface Alignment and Refinement Techniques for Handwriting, Sketching, and Selection in XR}, year = 2023 }
• Share and Multiply: Modeling Communication and Generated Traffic in Private WhatsApp Groups. Seufert, Anika; Poignée, Fabian; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Access, 11, pp. 25401–25414. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Group-based communication is a highly popular communication paradigm, which is especially prominent in mobile instant messaging (MIM) applications, such as WhatsApp. Chat groups in MIM applications facilitate the sharing of various types of messages (e.g., text, voice, image, video) among a large number of participants. As each message has to be transmitted to every other member of the group, which multiplies the traffic, this has a massive impact on the underlying communication networks. However, most chat groups are private and network operators cannot obtain deep insights into MIM communication via network measurements due to end-to-end encryption. Thus, the generation of traffic is not well understood, given that it depends on sizes of communication groups, speed of communication, and exchanged message types. In this work, we provide a huge data set of 5,956 private WhatsApp chat histories, which contains over 76 million messages from more than 117,000 users. We describe and model the properties of chat groups and users, and the communication within these chat groups, which gives unprecedented insights into private MIM communication. In addition, we conduct exemplary measurements for the most popular message types, which empower the provided models to estimate the traffic over time in a chat group.

  @article{info3-article-2023-2, abstract = {Group-based communication is a highly popular communication paradigm, which is especially prominent in mobile instant messaging (MIM) applications, such as WhatsApp. Chat groups in MIM applications facilitate the sharing of various types of messages (e.g., text, voice, image, video) among a large number of participants. As each message has to be transmitted to every other member of the group, which multiplies the traffic, this has a massive impact on the underlying communication networks. However, most chat groups are private and network operators cannot obtain deep insights into MIM communication via network measurements due to end-to-end encryption. Thus, the generation of traffic is not well understood, given that it depends on sizes of communication groups, speed of communication, and exchanged message types. In this work, we provide a huge data set of 5,956 private WhatsApp chat histories, which contains over 76 million messages from more than 117,000 users. We describe and model the properties of chat groups and users, and the communication within these chat groups, which gives unprecedented insights into private MIM communication. In addition, we conduct exemplary measurements for the most popular message types, which empower the provided models to estimate the traffic over time in a chat group.}, author = {Seufert, Anika and Poignée, Fabian and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {IEEE Access}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {03}, pages = {25401 - 25414}, title = {Share and Multiply: Modeling Communication and Generated Traffic in Private WhatsApp Groups}, volume = 11, year = 2023 }
• Feature relevance XAI in anomaly detection: Reviewing approaches and challenges. Tritscher, Julian; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 6. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  With complexity of artificial intelligence systems increasing continuously in past years, studies to explain these complex systems have grown in popularity. While much work has focused on explaining artificial intelligence systems in popular domains such as classification and regression, explanations in the area of anomaly detection have only recently received increasing attention from researchers. In particular, explaining singular model decisions of a complex anomaly detector by highlighting which inputs were responsible for a decision, commonly referred to as local post-hoc feature relevance, has lately been studied by several authors. In this paper, we systematically structure these works based on their access to training data and the anomaly detection model, and provide a detailed overview of their operation in the anomaly detection domain. We demonstrate their performance and highlight their limitations in multiple experimental showcases, discussing current challenges and opportunities for future work in feature relevance XAI for anomaly detection.

  @article{tritscher2023feature, abstract = {With complexity of artificial intelligence systems increasing continuously in past years, studies to explain these complex systems have grown in popularity. While much work has focused on explaining artificial intelligence systems in popular domains such as classification and regression, explanations in the area of anomaly detection have only recently received increasing attention from researchers. In particular, explaining singular model decisions of a complex anomaly detector by highlighting which inputs were responsible for a decision, commonly referred to as local post-hoc feature relevance, has lately been studied by several authors. In this paper, we systematically structure these works based on their access to training data and the anomaly detection model, and provide a detailed overview of their operation in the anomaly detection domain. We demonstrate their performance and highlight their limitations in multiple experimental showcases, discussing current challenges and opportunities for future work in feature relevance XAI for anomaly detection.}, author = {Tritscher, Julian and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence}, keywords = {xai}, month = {02}, title = {Feature relevance XAI in anomaly detection: Reviewing approaches and challenges}, volume = 6, year = 2023 }
• Optimizing storage assignment, order picking, and their interaction in mezzanine warehouses. Lesch, Veronika; Müller, Patrick B.M.; Krämer, Moritz; Hadry, Marius; Kounev, Samuel; Krupitzer, Christian. In Applied intelligence, p. 25. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{lesch2023optimizing, author = {Lesch, Veronika and Müller, Patrick B.M. and Krämer, Moritz and Hadry, Marius and Kounev, Samuel and Krupitzer, Christian}, journal = {Applied intelligence}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {02}, pages = 25, title = {Optimizing storage assignment, order picking, and their interaction in mezzanine warehouses}, year = 2023 }
• Efficient graph-based gateway placement for large-scale LoRaWAN deployments. Loh, Frank; Mehling, Noah; Geißler, Stefan. In Computer Communications, 204, pp. 11–23. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Low Power Wide Area Networks with Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWANs) as one of their most prominent representatives are promising solutions for future Internet of Things deployments. The technology is characterized by low energy requirements leading to long battery lifetimes. However, the drawbacks are limited throughput rates and the unreliable nature of the LoRa technology. Specifically its random channel access approach leads to significant message collisions and thus, data loss in larger deployments. From a network planning point of view, the reduction of potentially colliding messages at the frequency bands in combination with limiting the transmission duration of messages is a promising approach. For that reason, we present a novel graph-based gateway placement approach. We show that our approach performs similar to state-of-the-art related work in the worst case and reduces the required number of gateways by up to 40% while reducing the collision probability by up to 70%. Furthermore, we overcome the challenge of scalability of our approach when placing gateways in very large networks. By splitting the problem into smaller problem instances by pre-clustering, we can solve arbitrarily large instances efficiently without a significant increase in number of required gateways in real networks.

  @article{info3-article-2023-6, abstract = {Low Power Wide Area Networks with Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWANs) as one of their most prominent representatives are promising solutions for future Internet of Things deployments. The technology is characterized by low energy requirements leading to long battery lifetimes. However, the drawbacks are limited throughput rates and the unreliable nature of the LoRa technology. Specifically its random channel access approach leads to significant message collisions and thus, data loss in larger deployments. From a network planning point of view, the reduction of potentially colliding messages at the frequency bands in combination with limiting the transmission duration of messages is a promising approach. For that reason, we present a novel graph-based gateway placement approach. We show that our approach performs similar to state-of-the-art related work in the worst case and reduces the required number of gateways by up to 40% while reducing the collision probability by up to 70%. Furthermore, we overcome the challenge of scalability of our approach when placing gateways in very large networks. By splitting the problem into smaller problem instances by pre-clustering, we can solve arbitrarily large instances efficiently without a significant increase in number of required gateways in real networks.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Mehling, Noah and Geißler, Stefan}, journal = {Computer Communications}, keywords = {myown}, month = {02}, pages = {11-23}, title = {Efficient graph-based gateway placement for large-scale LoRaWAN deployments}, volume = 204, year = 2023 }
• Versatile User Identification in Extended Reality using Pretrained Similarity-Learning. Rack, Christian; Kobs, Konstantin; Fernando, Tamara; Hotho, Andreas; Latoschik, Marc Erich. p. arXiv:2302.07517. 2023, February.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  In this paper, we combine the strengths of distance-based and classification-based approaches for the task of identifying extended reality users by their movements. For this we explore an embedding-based model that leverages deep metric learning. We train the model on a dataset of users playing the VR game "Half-Life: Alyx" and conduct multiple experiments and analyses using a state of the art classification-based model as baseline. The results show that the embedding-based method 1) is able to identify new users from non-specific movements using only a few minutes of enrollment data, 2) can enroll new users within seconds, while retraining the baseline approach takes almost a day, 3) is more reliable than the baseline approach when only little enrollment data is available, 4) can be used to identify new users from another dataset recorded with different VR devices. Altogether, our solution is a foundation for easily extensible XR user identification systems, applicable to a wide range of user motions. It also paves the way for production-ready models that could be used by XR practitioners without the requirements of expertise, hardware, or data for training deep learning models.

  @preprint{2023arXiv230207517S, abstract = {In this paper, we combine the strengths of distance-based and classification-based approaches for the task of identifying extended reality users by their movements. For this we explore an embedding-based model that leverages deep metric learning. We train the model on a dataset of users playing the VR game "Half-Life: Alyx" and conduct multiple experiments and analyses using a state of the art classification-based model as baseline. The results show that the embedding-based method 1) is able to identify new users from non-specific movements using only a few minutes of enrollment data, 2) can enroll new users within seconds, while retraining the baseline approach takes almost a day, 3) is more reliable than the baseline approach when only little enrollment data is available, 4) can be used to identify new users from another dataset recorded with different VR devices. Altogether, our solution is a foundation for easily extensible XR user identification systems, applicable to a wide range of user motions. It also paves the way for production-ready models that could be used by XR practitioners without the requirements of expertise, hardware, or data for training deep learning models.}, author = {Rack, Christian and Kobs, Konstantin and Fernando, Tamara and Hotho, Andreas and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {arXiv}, keywords = {schell}, month = {02}, pages = {arXiv:2302.07517}, title = {Versatile User Identification in Extended Reality using Pretrained Similarity-Learning}, year = 2023 }
• Traffic-Adaptive Scheme for SDN Control Plane with Containerized Architecture. AnhKhoa, Dang; TrungKiem, Nguyen; TrungKien, Nguyen; NgocTuan, Nguyen; Huu Thanh, Nguyen. In 2023 17th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (IMCOM). 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is gaining attention for its flexibility in programmability. It enhances network configuration and provides global visibility for administrators via a single interface. However, the centralized nature of SDN exposes many issues in scalability and resiliency. In this paper, with the advent of cloud computing, we present a containerized architecture capable of fast scaling up and down based on traffic load for SDN control plane. With our novel traffic-adaptive algorithm, the results show that the proposed system is able to fit performance with high incoming new-flow requests and scale down underused controllers for resource efficiency.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-3, abstract = {Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is gaining attention for its flexibility in programmability. It enhances network configuration and provides global visibility for administrators via a single interface. However, the centralized nature of SDN exposes many issues in scalability and resiliency. In this paper, with the advent of cloud computing, we present a containerized architecture capable of fast scaling up and down based on traffic load for SDN control plane. With our novel traffic-adaptive algorithm, the results show that the proposed system is able to fit performance with high incoming new-flow requests and scale down underused controllers for resource efficiency.}, author = {AnhKhoa, Dang and TrungKiem, Nguyen and TrungKien, Nguyen and NgocTuan, Nguyen and Huu Thanh, Nguyen}, booktitle = {2023 17th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (IMCOM)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {01}, title = {Traffic-Adaptive Scheme for SDN Control Plane with Containerized Architecture}, year = 2023 }
• Industrial User Experience Index vs. Quality of Experience Models. Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Anika; Loh, Frank; Wunderer, Stefan; Davies, John. In IEEE Communications Magazine, 61(1), pp. 98–104. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Network operators have increased interest in understanding and quantifying the user perceived quality of experience (QoE). Appropriate QoE models allow mapping of measurable QoS parameters to QoE metrics like mean opinion scores (MOS) or poor-or-worse (PoW) ratios. Unfortunately, there are no QoE models for all applications available yet, and development and standardization is rather time-consuming. For that reason, industry often implements simple but effective approaches based on expert knowledge to get a user experience index able to deliver high value insights. This index is often defined based on thresholds of measurable QoS parameters to classify the resulting user experience. The question arises whether such a threshold-based user experience index can properly estimate the QoE in a system. We therefore answer in this work whether the user experience index is able to quantify the expected QoE in a system and if other QoE metrics like PoW ratios can be derived. Furthermore, we discuss the interpretation and the limits of the index. As a key contribution, we present a detailed systematic analysis of the threshold-based QoE concept and discuss its usability as QoE estimation methodology for industry.

  @article{info3-article-2023-7, abstract = {Network operators have increased interest in understanding and quantifying the user perceived quality of experience (QoE). Appropriate QoE models allow mapping of measurable QoS parameters to QoE metrics like mean opinion scores (MOS) or poor-or-worse (PoW) ratios. Unfortunately, there are no QoE models for all applications available yet, and development and standardization is rather time-consuming. For that reason, industry often implements simple but effective approaches based on expert knowledge to get a user experience index able to deliver high value insights. This index is often defined based on thresholds of measurable QoS parameters to classify the resulting user experience. The question arises whether such a threshold-based user experience index can properly estimate the QoE in a system. We therefore answer in this work whether the user experience index is able to quantify the expected QoE in a system and if other QoE metrics like PoW ratios can be derived. Furthermore, we discuss the interpretation and the limits of the index. As a key contribution, we present a detailed systematic analysis of the threshold-based QoE concept and discuss its usability as QoE estimation methodology for industry.}, author = {Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Anika and Loh, Frank and Wunderer, Stefan and Davies, John}, journal = {IEEE Communications Magazine}, keywords = {5gqmon}, month = {01}, number = 1, pages = {98-104}, title = {Industrial User Experience Index vs. Quality of Experience Models}, volume = 61, year = 2023 }
• Terrain segmentation for commercial vehicles and working machines. Edlinger, R.; Mitterhuber, U.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IS\&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology, of Electronic Imaging, pp. 324–1. Society for Imaging Science and Technology, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  In the field of automated working machines, not only is the general trend towards automation in industry, transport and logistics reflected, but new areas of application and markets are also constantly emerging. In this paper we present a pipeline for terrain classification in offroad environments and in the field of "automated maintenance of slopes", which offers potential for solving numerous socio-economic needs. Working tasks can be made more efficient, more ergonomic and, in particular, much safer, because mature, automated vehicles are used. At present, however, such tasks can only be carried out remotely or semi-automatically, under the supervision of a trained specialist. This only partially facilitates the work. The real benefit only comes when the supervising person is released from this task and is able to pursue other work. In addition to the development of a safe integrated system and sensor concept for use in public spaces as a basic prerequisite for vehicles licensed in the future, increased situational awareness of mobile systems through machine learning in order to increase their efficiency and flexibility is also of great importance.

  @inproceedings{EI2023b, abstract = {In the field of automated working machines, not only is the general trend towards automation in industry, transport and logistics reflected, but new areas of application and markets are also constantly emerging. In this paper we present a pipeline for terrain classification in offroad environments and in the field of "automated maintenance of slopes", which offers potential for solving numerous socio-economic needs. Working tasks can be made more efficient, more ergonomic and, in particular, much safer, because mature, automated vehicles are used. At present, however, such tasks can only be carried out remotely or semi-automatically, under the supervision of a trained specialist. This only partially facilitates the work. The real benefit only comes when the supervising person is released from this task and is able to pursue other work. In addition to the development of a safe integrated system and sensor concept for use in public spaces as a basic prerequisite for vehicles licensed in the future, increased situational awareness of mobile systems through machine learning in order to increase their efficiency and flexibility is also of great importance.}, address = {San Francisco, CA, USA}, author = {Edlinger, R. and Mitterhuber, U. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IS\&T International Symposium on Electronic Imaging Science and Technology}, keywords = {myown}, month = {01}, pages = {324-1–324-7}, publisher = {Society for Imaging Science and Technology}, series = {Electronic Imaging}, title = {Terrain segmentation for commercial vehicles and working machines}, year = 2023 }
• On Profiling, Benchmarking and Behavioral Analysis of SDN Architecture Under DDoS Attacks. Huu Thanh, Nguyen; NgocTuan, Nguyen; AnhKhoa, Dang; CongTuan, Le; TrungKien, Nguyen; XuanDung, Nguyen; QuynhThu, Ngo; Wamser, Florian. In Journal of Network and Systems Management. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has attracted much attention from research and industrial communities recently as it is more agile and flexible compared to conventional networking technology in offering new network functions and services. By separating the network control functions from the forwarding devices and placing them in a centralized, softwarized and programmable SDN controller, new network functions and services can be easily added into the network in an on-demand manner. However, the centralized control paradigm and the flow-based forwarding principle make the SDN architecture more fragile and vulnerable to malicious actions, such as cyber hijacking or DDoS attacks. In this paper, we focus on analyzing and evaluating negative impacts of DDoS attacks on the SDN architecture. By performing stress tests, the performance of such common SDN controllers as POX, Ryu and Floodlight under DDoS attacks is benchmarked, along with their impacts on the SDN switch and OpenFlow channel. We also address some new threats and vulnerabilities introduced by the nature of SDN.

  @article{info3-article-2023-1, abstract = {Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has attracted much attention from research and industrial communities recently as it is more agile and flexible compared to conventional networking technology in offering new network functions and services. By separating the network control functions from the forwarding devices and placing them in a centralized, softwarized and programmable SDN controller, new network functions and services can be easily added into the network in an on-demand manner. However, the centralized control paradigm and the flow-based forwarding principle make the SDN architecture more fragile and vulnerable to malicious actions, such as cyber hijacking or DDoS attacks. In this paper, we focus on analyzing and evaluating negative impacts of DDoS attacks on the SDN architecture. By performing stress tests, the performance of such common SDN controllers as POX, Ryu and Floodlight under DDoS attacks is benchmarked, along with their impacts on the SDN switch and OpenFlow channel. We also address some new threats and vulnerabilities introduced by the nature of SDN.}, author = {Huu Thanh, Nguyen and NgocTuan, Nguyen and AnhKhoa, Dang and CongTuan, Le and TrungKien, Nguyen and XuanDung, Nguyen and QuynhThu, Ngo and Wamser, Florian}, journal = {Journal of Network and Systems Management}, keywords = {myown}, month = {03}, title = {On Profiling, Benchmarking and Behavioral Analysis of SDN Architecture Under DDoS Attacks}, year = 2023 }
• Challenges of Serverless Deployment in Edge-MEC-Cloud. Nguyen, TrungKien; Loh, Frank; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks 2023. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-6, author = {Nguyen, TrungKien and Loh, Frank and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks 2023}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Challenges of Serverless Deployment in Edge-MEC-Cloud}, year = 2023 }
• Occupational Fraud Detection through Agent-based Data Generation. Tritscher, Julian; Roos, Alexander; Schlör, Daniel; Hotho, Andreas; Krause, Anna. In The 8th Workshop on MIning DAta for financial applicationS MIDAS 2023 - to appear. 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Occupational fraud is an increasing concern for enterprises that is estimated to cause losses of around 5% of company revenue each year. With the increasing data tracked by companies through enterprise resource planning systems, recent research has taken interest in the automated detection of occupational fraud. Automated detection is however hindered by the unavailability of labeled fraud cases which require known occupational frauds within company data and costly expert annotation. Even despite the existence of anomaly detection methods that can be trained on unsupervised data, selecting the ideal preprocessing techniques, the most suitable model, and the optimal hyperparameters necessitates the availability of labeled data for evaluation purposes. To alleviate this issue, we propose to use simulation through multi-agent systems for generating business processes according to best practices from economics and creating labeled synthetic data that closely matches a given unlabeled real-world dataset. We extend an existing simulation by incorporating functionality for including, tracking and automatic labeling of occupational fraud cases. Using this simulation, we propose a framework that decides on important design choices for fraud detection models in enterprise resource planning data and does not require labeled real-world data. We demonstrate in multiple experiments that the framework can aid automated occupational fraud detection through data generation.

  @article{tritscher2023occupational, abstract = {Occupational fraud is an increasing concern for enterprises that is estimated to cause losses of around 5% of company revenue each year. With the increasing data tracked by companies through enterprise resource planning systems, recent research has taken interest in the automated detection of occupational fraud. Automated detection is however hindered by the unavailability of labeled fraud cases which require known occupational frauds within company data and costly expert annotation. Even despite the existence of anomaly detection methods that can be trained on unsupervised data, selecting the ideal preprocessing techniques, the most suitable model, and the optimal hyperparameters necessitates the availability of labeled data for evaluation purposes. To alleviate this issue, we propose to use simulation through multi-agent systems for generating business processes according to best practices from economics and creating labeled synthetic data that closely matches a given unlabeled real-world dataset. We extend an existing simulation by incorporating functionality for including, tracking and automatic labeling of occupational fraud cases. Using this simulation, we propose a framework that decides on important design choices for fraud detection models in enterprise resource planning data and does not require labeled real-world data. We demonstrate in multiple experiments that the framework can aid automated occupational fraud detection through data generation.}, author = {Tritscher, Julian and Roos, Alexander and Schlör, Daniel and Hotho, Andreas and Krause, Anna}, journal = {The 8th Workshop on MIning DAta for financial applicationS MIDAS 2023 - to appear}, keywords = {mas}, title = {Occupational Fraud Detection through Agent-based Data Generation}, year = 2023 }
• Searching for the Ground Truth: Assessing the Similarity of Benchmarking Runs. Bauer, Andr{é}; Straesser, Martin; Leznik, Mark; Beierlieb, Lukas; Hadry, Marius; Hudson, Nathaniel; Chard, Kyle; Kounev, Samuel; Foster, Ian. In Companion of the 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’23 Companion, pp. 95–99. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2023.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Stable and repeatable measurements are essential for comparing the performance of different systems or applications, and benchmarks are used to ensure accuracy and replication. However, if the corresponding measurements are not stable and repeatable, wrong conclusions can be drawn. To facilitate the task of determining whether the measurements are similar, we used a data set of 586 micro-benchmarks to (i) analyze the data set itself, (ii) examine our previous approach, and (iii) propose and evaluate a heuristic. To evaluate the different approaches, we perform a peer review to assess the dissimilarity of the benchmark runs. Our results show that this task is challenging even for humans and that our heuristic exhibits a sensitivity of 92%.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3578245.3584693, abstract = {Stable and repeatable measurements are essential for comparing the performance of different systems or applications, and benchmarks are used to ensure accuracy and replication. However, if the corresponding measurements are not stable and repeatable, wrong conclusions can be drawn. To facilitate the task of determining whether the measurements are similar, we used a data set of 586 micro-benchmarks to (i) analyze the data set itself, (ii) examine our previous approach, and (iii) propose and evaluate a heuristic. To evaluate the different approaches, we perform a peer review to assess the dissimilarity of the benchmark runs. Our results show that this task is challenging even for humans and that our heuristic exhibits a sensitivity of 92%.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Straesser, Martin and Leznik, Mark and Beierlieb, Lukas and Hadry, Marius and Hudson, Nathaniel and Chard, Kyle and Kounev, Samuel and Foster, Ian}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2023 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {distance_measures}, pages = {95–99}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '23 Companion}, title = {Searching for the Ground Truth: Assessing the Similarity of Benchmarking Runs}, year = 2023 }
• An Empirical Study of Container Image Configurations and Their Impact on Start Times. Straesser, Martin; Bauer, André; Leppich, Robert; Herbst, Nikolas; Chard, Kyle; Foster, Ian; Kounev, Samuel. In 2023 IEEE/ACM 23rd International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGrid), pp. 94–105. IEEE, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{straesser2023starttime, author = {Straesser, Martin and Bauer, André and Leppich, Robert and Herbst, Nikolas and Chard, Kyle and Foster, Ian and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE/ACM 23rd International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGrid)}, keywords = {empirical_study}, pages = {94-105}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {An Empirical Study of Container Image Configurations and Their Impact on Start Times}, year = 2023 }
• Power to the Applications: The Vision of Continuous Decentralized Autoscaling. Straesser, Martin; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kounev, Samuel. In 2023 IEEE/ACM 23rd International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing Workshops (CCGridW), pp. 281–283. IEEE, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{straesser2023decentral, author = {Straesser, Martin and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE/ACM 23rd International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing Workshops (CCGridW)}, keywords = {t_poster}, pages = {281-283}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Power to the Applications: The Vision of Continuous Decentralized Autoscaling}, year = 2023 }
• A Precise Measurement Platform for LPDDR4 Memories. Feldmann, Johannes; Steiner, Lukas; Christ, Derek; Psota, Thomas; Jung, Matthias; Wehn, Norbert. In ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Memory Systems (MEMSYS 2023). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{feldmann2023precise, author = {Feldmann, Johannes and Steiner, Lukas and Christ, Derek and Psota, Thomas and Jung, Matthias and Wehn, Norbert}, booktitle = {ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Memory Systems (MEMSYS 2023)}, keywords = {myown}, title = {A Precise Measurement Platform for LPDDR4 Memories}, year = 2023 }
• PePUT: A Unity Toolkit for the Social Robot Pepper. Ganal, Elisabeth; Siol, Lenny; Lugrin, Birgit. In 2023 32th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). IEEE, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{ganal2023peput, author = {Ganal, Elisabeth and Siol, Lenny and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2023 32th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)}, keywords = {mi}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {PePUT: A Unity Toolkit for the Social Robot Pepper}, year = 2023 }
• SKOS-Utils: Developing and Checking SKOS Knowledge Graphs (Tool Presentation). Baumeister, Joachim; Ross, Valentin. In LWDA 2023 - Learning, Knowledge, Data, Analysis. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{BR:FGWM:23, author = {Baumeister, Joachim and Ross, Valentin}, booktitle = {LWDA 2023 - Learning, Knowledge, Data, Analysis}, keywords = {skos}, title = {SKOS-Utils: Developing and Checking SKOS Knowledge Graphs (Tool Presentation)}, year = 2023 }
• A Constant-Factor Approximation Algorithm for Reconciliation $k$-Median. Spoerhase, Joachim; Khodamoradi, Kamyar; Riegel, Benedikt; Ordozgoiti, Bruno; Gionis, Aristides. In Proc. International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS’23), Vol. 206, pp. 1719–1746. {PMLR}, 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{spoerhase-etal23:recon-k-median, author = {Spoerhase, Joachim and Khodamoradi, Kamyar and Riegel, Benedikt and Ordozgoiti, Bruno and Gionis, Aristides}, booktitle = {Proc. International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS'23)}, keywords = {reconciliation}, pages = {1719–1746}, publisher = {{PMLR}}, title = {A Constant-Factor Approximation Algorithm for Reconciliation $k$-Median}, volume = 206, year = 2023 }
• NB-IoT vs. LTE-M: Measurement Study of the Energy Consumption of LPWAN Technologies. Vomhoff, Viktoria; Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops). 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-10, author = {Vomhoff, Viktoria and Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)}, keywords = {can}, title = {NB-IoT vs. LTE-M: Measurement Study of the Energy Consumption of LPWAN Technologies}, year = 2023 }
• DBM: Decentralized Burst Mitigation for Periodic LoRa Devices using Self-Organizing Radio Access. Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In ICC 2023 - IEEE International Conference on Communications. 2023.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2023-7, author = {Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {ICC 2023 - IEEE International Conference on Communications}, keywords = {can}, title = {DBM: Decentralized Burst Mitigation for Periodic LoRa Devices using Self-Organizing Radio Access}, year = 2023 }

• Iteratively Digitizing an Analogue Syllable-Based Reading Intervention. Riedmann, Anna; Schaper, Philipp; Donnermann, Melissa; Lein, Martina; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Karageorgos, Panagiotis; Müller, Bettina; Richter, Tobias; Lugrin, Birgit. In Interacting with Computers. Oxford University Press, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{2022, author = {Riedmann, Anna and Schaper, Philipp and Donnermann, Melissa and Lein, Martina and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Karageorgos, Panagiotis and Müller, Bettina and Richter, Tobias and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Interacting with Computers}, keywords = {lein}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {Iteratively Digitizing an Analogue Syllable-Based Reading Intervention}, year = 2022 }
• An Overview on Approaches for Coordination of Platoons. Lesch, Veronika; Breitbach, Martin; Segata, Michele; Becker, Christian; Kounev, Samuel; Krupitzer, Christian. In IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 23(8), pp. 10049–10065. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{lesch2021overview, author = {Lesch, Veronika and Breitbach, Martin and Segata, Michele and Becker, Christian and Kounev, Samuel and Krupitzer, Christian}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems}, keywords = {platooning}, number = 8, pages = {10049-10065}, title = {An Overview on Approaches for Coordination of Platoons}, volume = 23, year = 2022 }
• {Real-Time Music-Driven Movie Design Framework}. Hofmann, Sarah; Seeger, Maximilian; Rogge-Pott, Henning; Mammen, Sebastian von. In Workshop on Intelligent Cinematography and Editing, R. Ronfard, H.-Y. Wu (eds.). The Eurographics Association, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{Hofmann:2022aa, author = {Hofmann, Sarah and Seeger, Maximilian and Rogge-Pott, Henning and Mammen, Sebastian von}, booktitle = {Workshop on Intelligent Cinematography and Editing}, editor = {Ronfard, R{\'e}mi and Wu, Hui-Yin}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association}, title = {{Real-Time Music-Driven Movie Design Framework}}, year = 2022 }
• A Theory Based Adaptive Pedagogical Agent in a Reading App for Primary Students - A User Study. Riedmann, Anna; Schaper, Philipp; Jakob, Benedikt; Lugrin, Birgit. In Intelligent Tutoring Systems. ITS 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 13284, S. Crossley, E. Popescu (eds.). Springer, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{riedmann2022theory, author = {Riedmann, Anna and Schaper, Philipp and Jakob, Benedikt and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Intelligent Tutoring Systems. ITS 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, editor = {Crossley, S. and Popescu, E.}, keywords = {mi}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {A Theory Based Adaptive Pedagogical Agent in a Reading App for Primary Students - A User Study}, volume = 13284, year = 2022 }
• Interactive Hemodynamic Simulation Model of a Cross-scale Cardiovascular System. Hofmann, Sarah; M{ü}ller, Andreas; von Mammen, Sebastian. In ANNSIM 22. Society for Modeling & Simulation International (SCS), 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{Hofmann:2022ac, author = {Hofmann, Sarah and M{\"u}ller, Andreas and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {ANNSIM 22}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {Society for Modeling & Simulation International (SCS)}, title = {Interactive Hemodynamic Simulation Model of a Cross-scale Cardiovascular System}, year = 2022 }
• Willing to Revise? Confidence and Recommendation Adoption in AI-Assisted Image Recognition. Röseler, Leonore; Scholtes, Ingo; Sendhoff, Bernhard; Hannák, Anikó. In HHAI, Vol. 354 of Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, S. Schlobach, M. Pérez-Ortiz, M. Tielman (eds.), pp. 295–297. IOS Press, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{conf/hhai/RoselerSSH22, author = {Röseler, Leonore and Scholtes, Ingo and Sendhoff, Bernhard and Hannák, Anikó}, booktitle = {HHAI}, crossref = {conf/hhai/2022}, editor = {Schlobach, Stefan and Pérez-Ortiz, María and Tielman, Myrthe}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {295-297}, publisher = {IOS Press}, series = {Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications}, title = {Willing to Revise? Confidence and Recommendation Adoption in AI-Assisted Image Recognition.}, volume = 354, year = 2022 }
• Similarity-based Link Prediction from Modular Compression of Network Flows. Blöcker, Christopher; Smiljanic, Jelena; Scholtes, Ingo; Rosvall, Martin. In CoRR, abs/2208.14220. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{journals/corr/abs-2208-14220, author = {Blöcker, Christopher and Smiljanic, Jelena and Scholtes, Ingo and Rosvall, Martin}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Similarity-based Link Prediction from Modular Compression of Network Flows.}, volume = {abs/2208.14220}, year = 2022 }
• Layered Drawing of Undirected Graphs with Generalized Port Constraints. Zink, Johannes; Walter, Julian; Baumeister, Joachim; Wolff, Alexander. In Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications, 105--106(101886), pp. 1–29. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The aim of this research is a practical method to draw cable plans of complex machines. Such plans consist of electronic components and cables connecting specific ports of the components. Since the machines are configured for each client individually, cable plans need to be drawn automatically. The drawings must be well readable so that technicians can use them to debug the machines. In order to model plug sockets, we introduce port groups; within a group, ports can change their position (which we use to improve the aesthetics of the layout), but together the ports of a group must form a contiguous block. \par We approach the problem of drawing such cable plans by extending the well-known Sugiyama framework such that it incorporates ports and port groups. Since the framework assumes directed graphs, we propose several ways to orient the edges of the given undirected graph. We compare these methods experimentally, both on real-world data and synthetic data that carefully simulates real-world data. We measure the aesthetics of the resulting drawings by counting bends and crossings. Using these metrics, we experimentally compare our approach to Kieler [JVLC 2014], a library for drawing graphs in the presence of port constraints. Our method produced 10--30 \% fewer crossings, while it performed equally well or slightly worse than Kieler with respect to the number of bends and the time used to compute a drawing.

  @article{zwbw-ldugg-CGTA22, abstract = {The aim of this research is a practical method to draw cable plans of complex machines. Such plans consist of electronic components and cables connecting specific ports of the components. Since the machines are configured for each client individually, cable plans need to be drawn automatically. The drawings must be well readable so that technicians can use them to debug the machines. In order to model plug sockets, we introduce port groups; within a group, ports can change their position (which we use to improve the aesthetics of the layout), but together the ports of a group must form a contiguous block. \par We approach the problem of drawing such cable plans by extending the well-known Sugiyama framework such that it incorporates ports and port groups. Since the framework assumes directed graphs, we propose several ways to orient the edges of the given undirected graph. We compare these methods experimentally, both on real-world data and synthetic data that carefully simulates real-world data. We measure the aesthetics of the resulting drawings by counting bends and crossings. Using these metrics, we experimentally compare our approach to Kieler [JVLC 2014], a library for drawing graphs in the presence of port constraints. Our method produced 10–30 \% fewer crossings, while it performed equally well or slightly worse than Kieler with respect to the number of bends and the time used to compute a drawing.}, author = {Zink, Johannes and Walter, Julian and Baumeister, Joachim and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications}, keywords = {Sugiyama_framework}, number = 101886, pages = {1–29}, title = {Layered Drawing of Undirected Graphs with Generalized Port Constraints}, volume = {105–106}, year = 2022 }
• Simple Algorithms for Partial and Simultaneous Rectangular Duals with Given Contact Orientations. Chaplick, Steven; Felsner, Stefan; Kindermann, Philipp; Klawitter, Jonathan; Rutter, Ignaz; Wolff, Alexander. In Theoretical Computer Science, 919, pp. 66–74. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  A rectangular dual of a graph $G$ is a contact representation of $G$ by axis-aligned rectangles such that (i) no four rectangles share a point and (ii) the union of all rectangles is a rectangle. The \emph{partial representation extension problem} for rectangular duals asks whether a given partial rectangular dual can be extended to a rectangular dual, that is, whether there exists a rectangular dual where some vertices are represented by prescribed rectangles. The \emph{simultaneous representation problem} for rectangular duals asks whether two (or more) given graphs that share a subgraph admit rectangular duals that coincide on the shared subgraph. Combinatorially, a rectangular dual can be described by a regular edge labeling (REL), which determines the orientations of the rectangle contacts. \par We describe linear-time algorithms for the partial representation extension problem and the simultaneous representation problem for rectangular duals when each input graph is given together with a REL. Both algorithms are based on formulations as linear programs, yet they have geometric interpretations and can be seen as extensions of the classic algorithm by Kant and He that computes a rectangular dual for a given graph.

  @article{cfkkrw-sapsr-TCS22, abstract = {A rectangular dual of a graph $G$ is a contact representation of $G$ by axis-aligned rectangles such that (i) no four rectangles share a point and (ii) the union of all rectangles is a rectangle. The \emph{partial representation extension problem} for rectangular duals asks whether a given partial rectangular dual can be extended to a rectangular dual, that is, whether there exists a rectangular dual where some vertices are represented by prescribed rectangles. The \emph{simultaneous representation problem} for rectangular duals asks whether two (or more) given graphs that share a subgraph admit rectangular duals that coincide on the shared subgraph. Combinatorially, a rectangular dual can be described by a regular edge labeling (REL), which determines the orientations of the rectangle contacts. \par We describe linear-time algorithms for the partial representation extension problem and the simultaneous representation problem for rectangular duals when each input graph is given together with a REL. Both algorithms are based on formulations as linear programs, yet they have geometric interpretations and can be seen as extensions of the classic algorithm by Kant and He that computes a rectangular dual for a given graph.}, author = {Chaplick, Steven and Felsner, Stefan and Kindermann, Philipp and Klawitter, Jonathan and Rutter, Ignaz and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Theoretical Computer Science}, keywords = {contact_representation}, pages = {66–74}, title = {Simple Algorithms for Partial and Simultaneous Rectangular Duals with Given Contact Orientations}, volume = 919, year = 2022 }
• A User Interface for Automatic Polyp Detection Based on Deep Learning with Extended Vision. Krenzer, Adrian; Troya, Joel; Banck, Michael; Sudarevic, Boban; Flisikowski, Krzysztof; Meining, Alexander; Puppe, Frank. In Annual Conference on Medical Image Understanding and Analysis, pp. 851–868. Springer, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{krenzer2022user, author = {Krenzer, Adrian and Troya, Joel and Banck, Michael and Sudarevic, Boban and Flisikowski, Krzysztof and Meining, Alexander and Puppe, Frank}, booktitle = {Annual Conference on Medical Image Understanding and Analysis}, keywords = {banck}, organization = {Springer}, pages = {851–868}, title = {A User Interface for Automatic Polyp Detection Based on Deep Learning with Extended Vision}, year = 2022 }
• Exploratory Study on the Perception of Intelligent Virtual Agents With Non-Native Accents Using Synthetic and Natural Speech in German. Obremski, David; Hering, Helena Babette; Friedrich, Paula; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION (ICMI ’22), November 7--11, 2022, pp. 15–24. Bengaluru, India, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{obremski2022ICMI, author = {Obremski, David and Hering, Helena Babette and Friedrich, Paula and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION (ICMI '22), November 7–11, 2022}, keywords = {mi}, note = {Best Paper Award}, pages = {15–24}, title = {Exploratory Study on the Perception of Intelligent Virtual Agents With Non-Native Accents Using Synthetic and Natural Speech in German}, year = 2022 }
• Big Data = Big Insights? Operationalising Brooks’ Law in a Massive GitHub Data Set. Gote, Christoph; Mavrodiev, Pavlin; Schweitzer, Frank; Scholtes, Ingo. In ICSE, pp. 262–273. ACM, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{conf/icse/GoteMSS22, author = {Gote, Christoph and Mavrodiev, Pavlin and Schweitzer, Frank and Scholtes, Ingo}, booktitle = {ICSE}, crossref = {conf/icse/2022}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {262-273}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Big Data = Big Insights? Operationalising Brooks' Law in a Massive GitHub Data Set.}, year = 2022 }
• A Survey on Secure Group Communication Schemes with Focus on IoT Communication. Prantl, Thomas; Zeck, Timo; Bauer, André; Ten, Peter; Prantl, Dominik; Ben Yahya, Ala Eddine; Iffländer, Lukas; Dmitrienko, Alexandra; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In IEEE Access, 10, pp. 99944–99962. IEEE, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{PrZeBaTePrYaIfDmKrKo_IEEEAccess_SGCSurvey, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Zeck, Timo and Bauer, André and Ten, Peter and Prantl, Dominik and Ben Yahya, Ala Eddine and Iffländer, Lukas and Dmitrienko, Alexandra and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {IEEE Access}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, pages = {99944-99962}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {A Survey on Secure Group Communication Schemes with Focus on IoT Communication}, volume = 10, year = 2022 }
• Conflict Handling in Product Configuration using Answer Set Programming. Herud, Konstantin; Baumeister, Joachim; Sabuncu, Orkunt; Schaub, Torsten. In ICLP Workshop Answer Set Programming and Other Computing Paradigms. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{hbs:22, author = {Herud, Konstantin and Baumeister, Joachim and Sabuncu, Orkunt and Schaub, Torsten}, booktitle = {ICLP Workshop Answer Set Programming and Other Computing Paradigms}, keywords = {explanation}, title = {Conflict Handling in Product Configuration using Answer Set Programming}, year = 2022 }
• Why Is It Not Solved Yet? Challenges for Production-Ready Autoscaling. Straesser, Martin; Grohmann, Johannes; von Kistowski, J{ó}akim; Eismann, Simon; Bauer, Andr{é}; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/SPEC on International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’22, pp. 105–115. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Autoscaling is a task of major importance in the cloud computing domain as it directly affects both operating costs and customer experience. Although there has been active research in this area for over ten years now, there is still a significant gap between the proposed methods in the literature and the deployed autoscalers in practice. Hence, many research autoscalers do not find their way into production deployments. This paper describes six core challenges that arise in production systems that are still not solved by most research autoscalers. We illustrate these problems through experiments in a realistic cloud environment with a real-world multi-service business application and show that commonly used autoscalers have various shortcomings. In addition, we analyze the behavior of overloaded services and show that these can be problematic for existing autoscalers. Generally, we analyze that these challenges are only insufficiently addressed in the literature and conclude that future scaling approaches should focus on the needs of production systems.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3489525.3511680, abstract = {Autoscaling is a task of major importance in the cloud computing domain as it directly affects both operating costs and customer experience. Although there has been active research in this area for over ten years now, there is still a significant gap between the proposed methods in the literature and the deployed autoscalers in practice. Hence, many research autoscalers do not find their way into production deployments. This paper describes six core challenges that arise in production systems that are still not solved by most research autoscalers. We illustrate these problems through experiments in a realistic cloud environment with a real-world multi-service business application and show that commonly used autoscalers have various shortcomings. In addition, we analyze the behavior of overloaded services and show that these can be problematic for existing autoscalers. Generally, we analyze that these challenges are only insufficiently addressed in the literature and conclude that future scaling approaches should focus on the needs of production systems.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Straesser, Martin and Grohmann, Johannes and von Kistowski, J\'{o}akim and Eismann, Simon and Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/SPEC on International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {microservices}, pages = {105–115}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '22}, title = {Why Is It Not Solved Yet? Challenges for Production-Ready Autoscaling}, year = 2022 }
• SenPoi at SemEval-2022 Task 10: Point me to your Opinion, SenPoi. Pfister, Jan; Wankerl, Sebastian; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL 2022, Seattle, Washington, United States, July 14-15, 2022, G. Emerson, N. Schluter, G. Stanovsky, R. Kumar, A. Palmer, N. Schneider, S. Singh, S. Ratan (eds.), pp. 1313–1323. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{DBLP:conf/semeval/PfisterWH22, author = {Pfister, Jan and Wankerl, Sebastian and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval@NAACL 2022, Seattle, Washington, United States, July 14-15, 2022}, editor = {Emerson, Guy and Schluter, Natalie and Stanovsky, Gabriel and Kumar, Ritesh and Palmer, Alexis and Schneider, Nathan and Singh, Siddharth and Ratan, Shyam}, keywords = 2022, pages = {1313–1323}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {SenPoi at SemEval-2022 Task 10: Point me to your Opinion, SenPoi}, year = 2022 }
• Learning the Markov Order of Paths in Graphs. Petrovic, Luka V.; Scholtes, Ingo. In WWW, F. Laforest, R. Troncy, E. Simperl, D. Agarwal, A. Gionis, I. Herman, L. Médini (eds.), pp. 1559–1569. ACM, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{conf/www/PetrovicS22, author = {Petrovic, Luka V. and Scholtes, Ingo}, booktitle = {WWW}, crossref = {conf/www/2022}, editor = {Laforest, Frédérique and Troncy, Raphaël and Simperl, Elena and Agarwal, Deepak and Gionis, Aristides and Herman, Ivan and Médini, Lionel}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {1559-1569}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Learning the Markov Order of Paths in Graphs.}, year = 2022 }
• Automated Blendshape Personalization for Faithful Face Animations Using Commodity Smartphones. Menzel, Timo; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST ’22). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Digital reconstruction of humans has various interesting use-cases. Animated virtual humans, avatars and agents alike, are the central entities in virtual embodied human-computer and human-human encounters in social XR. Here, a faithful reconstruction of facial expressions becomes paramount due to their prominent role in non-verbal behavior and social interaction. Current XR-platforms, like Unity 3D or the Unreal Engine, integrate recent smartphone technologies to animate faces of virtual humans by facial motion capturing. Using the same technology, this article presents an optimization-based approach to generate personalized blendshapes as animation targets for facial expressions. The proposed method combines a position-based optimization with a seamless partial deformation transfer, necessary for a faithful reconstruction. Our method is fully automated and considerably outperforms existing solutions based on example-based facial rigging or deformation transfer, and overall results in a much lower reconstruction error. It also neatly integrates with recent smartphone-based reconstruction pipelines for mesh generation and automated rigging, further paving the way to a widespread application of human-like and personalized avatars and agents in various use-cases.

  @inproceedings{menzel2022automated, abstract = {Digital reconstruction of humans has various interesting use-cases. Animated virtual humans, avatars and agents alike, are the central entities in virtual embodied human-computer and human-human encounters in social XR. Here, a faithful reconstruction of facial expressions becomes paramount due to their prominent role in non-verbal behavior and social interaction. Current XR-platforms, like Unity 3D or the Unreal Engine, integrate recent smartphone technologies to animate faces of virtual humans by facial motion capturing. Using the same technology, this article presents an optimization-based approach to generate personalized blendshapes as animation targets for facial expressions. The proposed method combines a position-based optimization with a seamless partial deformation transfer, necessary for a faithful reconstruction. Our method is fully automated and considerably outperforms existing solutions based on example-based facial rigging or deformation transfer, and overall results in a much lower reconstruction error. It also neatly integrates with recent smartphone-based reconstruction pipelines for mesh generation and automated rigging, further paving the way to a widespread application of human-like and personalized avatars and agents in various use-cases.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Menzel, Timo and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST ’22)}, keywords = {via-vr}, number = 22, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Automated Blendshape Personalization for Faithful Face Animations Using Commodity Smartphones}, year = 2022 }
• Joyful Adventures and Frightening Places - Designing Emotion-Inducing Virtual Environments. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; von Mammen, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Lugrin, Birgit. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3, pp. 2673–4192. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{steinhaeusser2022joyful, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and von Mammen, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {mi}, pages = {2673–4192}, title = {Joyful Adventures and Frightening Places - Designing Emotion-Inducing Virtual Environments}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• Digital body, identity and privacy in social virtual reality: A systematic review. Lin, Jinghuai; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Social Virtual Reality (social VR or SVR) provides digital spaces for diverse human activities, social interactions, and embodied face-to-face encounters. While our digital bodies in SVR can in general be of almost any conceivable appearance, individualized or even personalized avatars bearing users’ likeness recently became an interesting research topic. Such digital bodies show a great potential to enhance the authenticity of social VR citizens and increase the trustworthiness of interpersonal interaction. However, using such digital bodies might expose users to privacy and identity issues such as identity theft: For instance, how do we know whether the avatars we encounter in the virtual world are who they claim to be? Safeguarding users’ identities and privacy, and preventing harm from identity infringement, are crucial to the future of social VR. This article provides a systematic review on the protection of users’ identity and privacy in social VR, with a specific focus on digital bodies. Based on 814 sources, we identified and analyzed 49 papers that either: 1) discuss or raise concerns about the addressed issues, 2) provide technologies and potential solutions for protecting digital bodies, or 3) examine the relationship between the digital bodies and users of social VR citizens. We notice a severe lack of research and attention on the addressed topic and identify several research gaps that need to be filled. While some legal and ethical concerns about the potential identity issues of the digital bodies have been raised, and despite some progress in specific areas such as user authentication has been made, little research has proposed practical solutions. Finally, we suggest potential future research directions for digital body protection and include relevant research that might provide insights. We hope this work could provide a good overview of the existing discussion, potential solutions, and future directions for researchers with similar concerns. We also wish to draw attention to identity and privacy issues in social VR and call for interdisciplinary collaboration.

  @article{lin2022digital, abstract = {Social Virtual Reality (social VR or SVR) provides digital spaces for diverse human activities, social interactions, and embodied face-to-face encounters. While our digital bodies in SVR can in general be of almost any conceivable appearance, individualized or even personalized avatars bearing users’ likeness recently became an interesting research topic. Such digital bodies show a great potential to enhance the authenticity of social VR citizens and increase the trustworthiness of interpersonal interaction. However, using such digital bodies might expose users to privacy and identity issues such as identity theft: For instance, how do we know whether the avatars we encounter in the virtual world are who they claim to be? Safeguarding users’ identities and privacy, and preventing harm from identity infringement, are crucial to the future of social VR. This article provides a systematic review on the protection of users’ identity and privacy in social VR, with a specific focus on digital bodies. Based on 814 sources, we identified and analyzed 49 papers that either: 1) discuss or raise concerns about the addressed issues, 2) provide technologies and potential solutions for protecting digital bodies, or 3) examine the relationship between the digital bodies and users of social VR citizens. We notice a severe lack of research and attention on the addressed topic and identify several research gaps that need to be filled. While some legal and ethical concerns about the potential identity issues of the digital bodies have been raised, and despite some progress in specific areas such as user authentication has been made, little research has proposed practical solutions. Finally, we suggest potential future research directions for digital body protection and include relevant research that might provide insights. We hope this work could provide a good overview of the existing discussion, potential solutions, and future directions for researchers with similar concerns. We also wish to draw attention to identity and privacy issues in social VR and call for interdisciplinary collaboration.}, author = {Lin, Jinghuai and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {emlab}, title = {Digital body, identity and privacy in social virtual reality: A systematic review}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• Virtual Reality for Mind and Body: Does the Sense of Embodiment Towards a Virtual Body Affect Physical Body Awareness?. Döllinger, Nina; Wolf, Erik; Mal, David; Erdmannsdörfer, Nico; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In CHI 22 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, pp. 1–8. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Mind-body therapies aim to improve health by combining physical and mental exercises. Recent developments tend to incorporate virtual reality (VR) into their design and execution, but there is a lack of research concerning the inclusion of virtual bodies and their effect on body awareness in these designs. In this study, 24 participants performed in-VR body awareness movement tasks in front of a virtual mirror while embodying a photorealistic, personalized avatar. Subsequently, they performed a heartbeat counting task and rated their perceived body awareness and sense of embodiment towards the avatar. We found a significant relationship between sense of embodiment and self-reported body awareness but not between sense of embodiment and heartbeat counting. Future work can build on these findings and further explore the relationship between avatar embodiment and body awareness.

  @inproceedings{dollinger2022virtual, abstract = {Mind-body therapies aim to improve health by combining physical and mental exercises. Recent developments tend to incorporate virtual reality (VR) into their design and execution, but there is a lack of research concerning the inclusion of virtual bodies and their effect on body awareness in these designs. In this study, 24 participants performed in-VR body awareness movement tasks in front of a virtual mirror while embodying a photorealistic, personalized avatar. Subsequently, they performed a heartbeat counting task and rated their perceived body awareness and sense of embodiment towards the avatar. We found a significant relationship between sense of embodiment and self-reported body awareness but not between sense of embodiment and heartbeat counting. Future work can build on these findings and further explore the relationship between avatar embodiment and body awareness.}, author = {Döllinger, Nina and Wolf, Erik and Mal, David and Erdmannsdörfer, Nico and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {CHI 22 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts}, keywords = {dmal}, pages = {1-8}, title = {Virtual Reality for Mind and Body: Does the Sense of Embodiment Towards a Virtual Body Affect Physical Body Awareness?}, year = 2022 }
• Joyful Adventures and Frightening Places - Designing Emotion-Inducing Virtual Environments. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C; Oberd{ö}rfer, Sebastian; von Mammen, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Lugrin, Birgit. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3, pp. 2673–4192. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{Steinhaeusser:2022ab, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C and Oberd{\"o}rfer, Sebastian and von Mammen, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {2673–4192}, title = {Joyful Adventures and Frightening Places - Designing Emotion-Inducing Virtual Environments}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• Preface. Lugrin, Birgit. In The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application, p. xxv-xl. ACM, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inbook{noauthororeditor, author = {Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application}, keywords = {mi}, pages = {xxv-xl}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Preface}, year = 2022 }
• The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application. Lugrin, Birgit; Pelachaud, Catherine; Traum, David. ACM, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @book{2022, author = {Lugrin, Birgit and Pelachaud, Catherine and Traum, David}, keywords = {MI}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application}, year = 2022 }
• Mixed-Cultural Speech for Mixed-Cultural Users - Natural vs. Synthetic Speech for Virtual Agents. Obremski, David; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, pp. 290–292. Christchurch, New Zealand, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{obremski:hai:2022:POSTER, author = {Obremski, David and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction}, keywords = {mi}, note = {DOI: 10.1145/3527188.3563910}, pages = {290–292}, title = {Mixed-Cultural Speech for Mixed-Cultural Users - Natural vs. Synthetic Speech for Virtual Agents}, year = 2022 }
• Algorithms for Floor Planning with Proximity Requirements. Klawitter, Jonathan; Klesen, Felix; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. CAAD Future 2021, Vol. 1465 of CCIS, D. J. Gerber, A. Nahmad, B. Bogosian, E. Pantazis, C. Miltiadis (eds.), pp. 151–171. Springer-Verlag, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{kkw-afppr-CAADF21, author = {Klawitter, Jonathan and Klesen, Felix and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. CAAD Future 2021}, editor = {Gerber, David J. and Nahmad, Alicia and Bogosian, Biayna and Pantazis, Evan and Miltiadis, Constantinos}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {151–171}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {CCIS}, title = {Algorithms for Floor Planning with Proximity Requirements}, volume = 1465, year = 2022 }
• Virtual Human Coherence and Plausibility – Towards a Validated Scale. Mal, David; Wolf, Erik; Döllinger, Nina; Botsch, Mario; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), pp. 788–789. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Virtual humans contribute to users’ state of plausibility in various XR applications. We present the development and preliminary evaluation of a self-assessment questionnaire to quantify virtual human’s plausibility in virtual environments based on eleven concise items. A principal component analysis of 650 appraisals collected in an online survey revealed two highly reliable components within the items. We interpret the components as possible factors, i.e., appearance and behavior plausibility and match to the virtual environment, and propose future work aiming towards a standardized virtual human plausibility scale by validating the structure and sensitivity of both sub-components in XR environments.

  @inproceedings{mal2022virtual, abstract = {Virtual humans contribute to users’ state of plausibility in various XR applications. We present the development and preliminary evaluation of a self-assessment questionnaire to quantify virtual human’s plausibility in virtual environments based on eleven concise items. A principal component analysis of 650 appraisals collected in an online survey revealed two highly reliable components within the items. We interpret the components as possible factors, i.e., appearance and behavior plausibility and match to the virtual environment, and propose future work aiming towards a standardized virtual human plausibility scale by validating the structure and sensitivity of both sub-components in XR environments.}, author = {Mal, David and Wolf, Erik and Döllinger, Nina and Botsch, Mario and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)}, keywords = {dmal}, pages = {788-789}, title = {Virtual Human Coherence and Plausibility – Towards a Validated Scale}, year = 2022 }
• {Indirect Point Cloud Registration: Aligning Distance Fields Using a Pseudo Third Point Set}. Yuan, Y.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL), 7(3), pp. 7075–7082. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In recent years, implicit functions have drawn attention in the field of 3D reconstruction and have successfully been applied with Deep Learning. However, for incremental reconstruction, implicit function-based registrations have been rarely explored. Inspired by the high precision of deep learning global feature registration, we propose to combine this with distance fields. We generalize the algorithm to a non-Deep Learning setting while retaining the accuracy. Our algorithm is more accurate than conventional models while, without any training, it achieves a competitive performance and faster speed, compared to Deep Learning-based registration models. The implementation is available on github for the research community.

  @article{RAL2022_1, abstract = {In recent years, implicit functions have drawn attention in the field of 3D reconstruction and have successfully been applied with Deep Learning. However, for incremental reconstruction, implicit function-based registrations have been rarely explored. Inspired by the high precision of deep learning global feature registration, we propose to combine this with distance fields. We generalize the algorithm to a non-Deep Learning setting while retaining the accuracy. Our algorithm is more accurate than conventional models while, without any training, it achieves a competitive performance and faster speed, compared to Deep Learning-based registration models. The implementation is available on github for the research community.}, author = {Yuan, Y. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL)}, keywords = {myown}, number = 3, pages = {7075–7082}, title = {{Indirect Point Cloud Registration: Aligning Distance Fields Using a Pseudo Third Point Set}}, volume = 7, year = 2022 }
• SONATE-2 - A Technology Demonstration Mission for Artificial Intelligence. Greiner, Tobias; Balagurin, Oleksii; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas; Neumann, Tobias; Riegler, Clemens; Schwarz, Tobias. In Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S), G. Tobias, B. Oleksii, H. Tobias, K. Tobias, K. Hakan, M. Andreas, N. Tobias, R. Clemens, S. Tobias (eds.). Vilamoura, Portugal, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The increasing amount of data produced by sensors, combined with low download rates, are a challenge for nanosatellites. On-board data processing and classification can be used to reduce the amount of data that needs to be downloaded. This edge computing approach has become more and more present in various terrestrial applications and embedded devices. Recent missions have used artificial intelligence (AI) models, pre-trained on the ground, for on-board image analysis. The SONATE-2 mission expands on this approach by also introducing on-board training capabilities, enabling new applications including on-board model generation and improvement.

  @inproceedings{greiner2022sonate2, abstract = {The increasing amount of data produced by sensors, combined with low download rates, are a challenge for nanosatellites. On-board data processing and classification can be used to reduce the amount of data that needs to be downloaded. This edge computing approach has become more and more present in various terrestrial applications and embedded devices. Recent missions have used artificial intelligence (AI) models, pre-trained on the ground, for on-board image analysis. The SONATE-2 mission expands on this approach by also introducing on-board training capabilities, enabling new applications including on-board model generation and improvement.}, address = {Vilamoura, Portugal}, author = {Greiner, Tobias and Balagurin, Oleksii and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas and Neumann, Tobias and Riegler, Clemens and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S)}, editor = {Tobias, Greiner and Oleksii, Balagurin and Tobias, Herbst and Tobias, Kaiser and Hakan, Kayal and Andreas, Maurer and Tobias, Neumann and Clemens, Riegler and Tobias, Schwarz}, keywords = {myown}, title = {SONATE-2 - A Technology Demonstration Mission for Artificial Intelligence}, year = 2022 }
• Does Distance Matter? Embodiment and Perception of Personalized Avatars in Relation to the Self-Observation Distance in Virtual Reality. Wolf, Erik; Döllinger, Nina; Mal, David; Wenninger, Stephan; Bartl, Andrea; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Virtual reality applications employing avatar embodiment typically use virtual mirrors to allow users to perceive their digital selves not only from a first-person perspective but also from a holistic third-person view. However, due to distance-related biases such as the distance compression effect or a reduced relative rendering resolution, the self-observation distance (SOD) between the user and the virtual mirror might influence how users perceive their embodied avatar. Our article systematically investigates the effects of a short (1 meter), middle (2.5 meter), and far (4 meter) SOD between user and mirror on the perception of personalized and self-embodied avatars. The avatars were photorealistic reconstructed using state-of-the-art photogrammetric methods. Thirty participants were repeatedly exposed to their real-time animated self-embodied avatars in each of the three SOD conditions. In each condition, the personalized avatars were repeatedly altered in their body weight, and participants were asked to judge the (1) sense of embodiment, (2) body weight perception, and (3) affective appraisal towards their avatar. We found that the different SODs are unlikely to influence any of our measures except for the perceived body weight estimation difficulty. Here, the participants judged the difficulty significantly higher for the farthest SOD. We further found that the participants' self-esteem significantly impacted their ability to modify their avatar's body weight to their current body weight and that it positively correlated with the perceived attractiveness of the avatar. Additionally, the participants' concerns about their body shape affected how eerie they perceived their avatars. Both measures influenced the perceived body weight estimation difficulty. For practical application, we conclude that the virtual mirror in embodiment scenarios can be freely placed and varied at a distance of one to four meters from the user without expecting major effects on the perception of the avatar.

  @article{wolf2022distance, abstract = {Virtual reality applications employing avatar embodiment typically use virtual mirrors to allow users to perceive their digital selves not only from a first-person perspective but also from a holistic third-person view. However, due to distance-related biases such as the distance compression effect or a reduced relative rendering resolution, the self-observation distance (SOD) between the user and the virtual mirror might influence how users perceive their embodied avatar. Our article systematically investigates the effects of a short (1 meter), middle (2.5 meter), and far (4 meter) SOD between user and mirror on the perception of personalized and self-embodied avatars. The avatars were photorealistic reconstructed using state-of-the-art photogrammetric methods. Thirty participants were repeatedly exposed to their real-time animated self-embodied avatars in each of the three SOD conditions. In each condition, the personalized avatars were repeatedly altered in their body weight, and participants were asked to judge the (1) sense of embodiment, (2) body weight perception, and (3) affective appraisal towards their avatar. We found that the different SODs are unlikely to influence any of our measures except for the perceived body weight estimation difficulty. Here, the participants judged the difficulty significantly higher for the farthest SOD. We further found that the participants' self-esteem significantly impacted their ability to modify their avatar's body weight to their current body weight and that it positively correlated with the perceived attractiveness of the avatar. Additionally, the participants' concerns about their body shape affected how eerie they perceived their avatars. Both measures influenced the perceived body weight estimation difficulty. For practical application, we conclude that the virtual mirror in embodiment scenarios can be freely placed and varied at a distance of one to four meters from the user without expecting major effects on the perception of the avatar.}, author = {Wolf, Erik and Döllinger, Nina and Mal, David and Wenninger, Stephan and Bartl, Andrea and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {dmal}, title = {Does Distance Matter? Embodiment and Perception of Personalized Avatars in Relation to the Self-Observation Distance in Virtual Reality}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• CortexVR: Immersive analysis and training of cognitive executive functions of soccer players using virtual reality and machine learning. Krupitzer, Christian; Naber, Jens; Stauffert, Jan-Philipp; Mayer, Jan; Spielmann, Jan; Ehmann, Paul; Boci, Noel; B{ü}rkle, Maurice; Ho, Andr{é}; Komorek, Clemens; Heinickel, Felix; Kounev, Samuel; Becker, Christian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Psychology, 13, p. 5139. Frontiers, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{krupitzer2022cortexvr, author = {Krupitzer, Christian and Naber, Jens and Stauffert, Jan-Philipp and Mayer, Jan and Spielmann, Jan and Ehmann, Paul and Boci, Noel and B{\"u}rkle, Maurice and Ho, Andr{\'e} and Komorek, Clemens and Heinickel, Felix and Kounev, Samuel and Becker, Christian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, pages = 5139, publisher = {Frontiers}, title = {CortexVR: Immersive analysis and training of cognitive executive functions of soccer players using virtual reality and machine learning}, volume = 13, year = 2022 }
• A case study on the stability of performance tests for serverless applications. Eismann, Simon; Costa, Diego; Liao, Lizhi; Bezemer, Cor-Paul; Shang, Weiyi; van Hoorn, André; Kounev, Samuel. In Journal of Systems and Software (JSS), 189. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Context: While in serverless computing, application resource management and operational concerns are generally delegated to the cloud provider, ensuring that serverless applications meet their performance requirements is still a responsibility of the developers. Performance testing is a commonly used performance assessment practice; however, it traditionally requires visibility of the resource environment. Objective: In this study, we investigate whether performance tests of serverless applications are stable, that is, if their results are reproducible, and what implications the serverless paradigm has for performance tests. Method: We conduct a case study where we collect two datasets of performance test results: (a) repetitions of performance tests for varying memory size and load intensities and (b) three repetitions of the same performance test every day for ten months. Results: We find that performance tests of serverless applications are comparatively stable if conducted on the same day. However, we also observe short-term performance variations and frequent long-term performance changes. Conclusion: Performance tests for serverless applications can be stable; however, the serverless model impacts the planning, execution, and analysis of performance tests.

  @article{eismann2022study, abstract = {Context: While in serverless computing, application resource management and operational concerns are generally delegated to the cloud provider, ensuring that serverless applications meet their performance requirements is still a responsibility of the developers. Performance testing is a commonly used performance assessment practice; however, it traditionally requires visibility of the resource environment. Objective: In this study, we investigate whether performance tests of serverless applications are stable, that is, if their results are reproducible, and what implications the serverless paradigm has for performance tests. Method: We conduct a case study where we collect two datasets of performance test results: (a) repetitions of performance tests for varying memory size and load intensities and (b) three repetitions of the same performance test every day for ten months. Results: We find that performance tests of serverless applications are comparatively stable if conducted on the same day. However, we also observe short-term performance variations and frequent long-term performance changes. Conclusion: Performance tests for serverless applications can be stable; however, the serverless model impacts the planning, execution, and analysis of performance tests.}, author = {Eismann, Simon and Costa, Diego and Liao, Lizhi and Bezemer, Cor-Paul and Shang, Weiyi and van Hoorn, André and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {Journal of Systems and Software (JSS)}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, title = {A case study on the stability of performance tests for serverless applications}, volume = 189, year = 2022 }
• NeuralPDE: Modelling Dynamical Systems from Data. Dulny, Andrzej; Hotho, Andreas; Krause, Anna. In {KI} 2022: Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 45th German Conference on AI, Trier, Germany, September 19-23, 2022, Proceedings, Vol. 13404 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, R. Bergmann, L. Malburg, S. C. Rodermund, I. J. Timm (eds.), pp. 75–89. Springer, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{DBLP:conf/ki/DulnyHK22, author = {Dulny, Andrzej and Hotho, Andreas and Krause, Anna}, booktitle = {{KI} 2022: Advances in Artificial Intelligence - 45th German Conference on AI, Trier, Germany, September 19-23, 2022, Proceedings}, editor = {Bergmann, Ralph and Malburg, Lukas and Rodermund, Stephanie C. and Timm, Ingo J.}, keywords = 2022, pages = {75–89}, publisher = {Springer}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {NeuralPDE: Modelling Dynamical Systems from Data}, volume = 13404, year = 2022 }
• {Investigating the Predictability of QoS Metrics in Cellular Networks}. Herrnleben, Stefan; Grohmann, Johannes; Lesch, Veronika; Prantl, Thomas; Metzger, Florian; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kounev, Samuel. In 2022 IEEE/ACM 30th International Symposium on Quality of Service (IWQoS), pp. 1–10. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{HeGrLePrMeHoKo-2022-IWQoS-QoS-Prediction-Cellular-Networks, author = {Herrnleben, Stefan and Grohmann, Johannes and Lesch, Veronika and Prantl, Thomas and Metzger, Florian and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE/ACM 30th International Symposium on Quality of Service (IWQoS)}, keywords = {descartes}, pages = {1-10}, title = {{Investigating the Predictability of QoS Metrics in Cellular Networks}}, year = 2022 }
• Towards Responsible Medical Diagnostics Recommendation Systems. Schl{{ö}}r, Daniel; Hotho, Andreas. In CoRR, abs/2209.03760. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2209-03760, author = {Schl{\"{o}}r, Daniel and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2022, title = {Towards Responsible Medical Diagnostics Recommendation Systems}, volume = {abs/2209.03760}, year = 2022 }
• Retrospective Analysis of Training Intensity Distribution Based on Race Pace Versus Physiological Benchmarks in Highly Trained Sprint Kayakers. Matzka, Manuel; Leppich, Robert; Sperlich, Billy; Zinner, Christoph. In Sports Medicine-Open, 8(1), pp. 1–12. SpringerOpen, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{matzka2022retrospective, author = {Matzka, Manuel and Leppich, Robert and Sperlich, Billy and Zinner, Christoph}, journal = {Sports Medicine-Open}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, number = 1, pages = {1–12}, publisher = {SpringerOpen}, title = {Retrospective Analysis of Training Intensity Distribution Based on Race Pace Versus Physiological Benchmarks in Highly Trained Sprint Kayakers}, volume = 8, year = 2022 }
• Accuracy and Systematic Biases of Heart Rate Measurements by Consumer-Grade Fitness Trackers in Postoperative Patients: Prospective Clinical Trial. Helmer, Philipp; Hottenrott, Sebastian; Rodemers, Philipp; Leppich, Robert; Helwich, Maja; Pryss, R{ü}diger; Kranke, Peter; Meybohm, Patrick; Winkler, Bernd E; Sammeth, Michael. In Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(12), p. e42359. JMIR Publications Toronto, Canada, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{helmer2022accuracy, author = {Helmer, Philipp and Hottenrott, Sebastian and Rodemers, Philipp and Leppich, Robert and Helwich, Maja and Pryss, R{\"u}diger and Kranke, Peter and Meybohm, Patrick and Winkler, Bernd E and Sammeth, Michael}, journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, number = 12, pages = {e42359}, publisher = {JMIR Publications Toronto, Canada}, title = {Accuracy and Systematic Biases of Heart Rate Measurements by Consumer-Grade Fitness Trackers in Postoperative Patients: Prospective Clinical Trial}, volume = 24, year = 2022 }
• The Relationship Between the Distribution of Training Intensity and Performance of Kayak and Canoe Sprinters: A Retrospective Observational Analysis of One Season of Competition. Matzka, Manuel; Leppich, Robert; Holmberg, Hans-Christer; Sperlich, Billy; Zinner, Christoph. In Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, p. 788108. Frontiers Media SA, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{matzka2022relationship, author = {Matzka, Manuel and Leppich, Robert and Holmberg, Hans-Christer and Sperlich, Billy and Zinner, Christoph}, journal = {Frontiers in Sports and Active Living}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, pages = 788108, publisher = {Frontiers Media SA}, title = {The Relationship Between the Distribution of Training Intensity and Performance of Kayak and Canoe Sprinters: A Retrospective Observational Analysis of One Season of Competition}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• Coloring Mixed and Directional Interval Graphs. Gutowski, Grzegorz; Mittelst{{ä}}dt, Florian; Rutter, Ignaz; Spoerhase, Joachim; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 30th International Symposium Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD’22), Vol. 13764, pp. 418–431. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{gutowski-etal22:mixed-interval-graphs, author = {Gutowski, Grzegorz and Mittelst{\"{a}}dt, Florian and Rutter, Ignaz and Spoerhase, Joachim and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 30th International Symposium Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD'22)}, keywords = {graph}, pages = {418–431}, title = {Coloring Mixed and Directional Interval Graphs}, volume = 13764, year = 2022 }
• An Experience Report on the Suitability of a Distributed Group Encryption Scheme for an IoT Use Case. Prantl, Thomas; Engel, Simon; Bauer, Andre; Ben Yahya, Ala Eddine; Herrnleben, Stefan; Iffländer, Lukas; Dmitrienko, Alexandra; Kounev, Samuel. In 2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022). IEEE, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{PrEnBaAlHeIfDmKo2022-IoT/CPS-DistributedGroupEncryption, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Engel, Simon and Bauer, Andre and Ben Yahya, Ala Eddine and Herrnleben, Stefan and Iffländer, Lukas and Dmitrienko, Alexandra and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022)}, keywords = {t_workshop}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {An Experience Report on the Suitability of a Distributed Group Encryption Scheme for an IoT Use Case}, year = 2022 }
• Ein 4D-Browser für historische Fotografien – Forschungspotenziale für die Kunstgeschichte. Das Projekt HistStadt4D. Bruschke, Jonas; Kröber, Cindy; Niebling, Florian. In Landes- und Regionalgeschichte digital, M. Munke (ed.), pp. 106–114. Thelem, Dresden und München, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inbook{bruschke20224dbrowser, address = {Dresden und München}, author = {Bruschke, Jonas and Kröber, Cindy and Niebling, Florian}, booktitle = {Landes- und Regionalgeschichte digital}, editor = {Munke, Martin}, keywords = {histstadt4d}, pages = {106-114}, publisher = {Thelem}, title = {Ein 4D-Browser für historische Fotografien – Forschungspotenziale für die Kunstgeschichte. Das Projekt HistStadt4D}, type = {Book Section}, year = 2022 }
• {Radiance values inside lunar caves and lava tubes}. Rodeghiero, G.; Pernechele, C.; Munari, M.; Pozzobon, R.; Pajola, M.; Antonio, I. Di; Lucchetti, A.; Massironi, M.; Simioni, E.; Borrmann, D.; Maurelli, F.; N{ü}chter, A.; Rossi, A. P. In Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave, Vol. 12180, L. E. Coyle, S. Matsuura, M. D. Perrin (eds.), p. 121803B. SPIE, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  here is currently a growing interest for the in-situ robotic and human exploration of the Moon’s surface and subsurface. In particular, several mission concepts foresee the exploration of lunar caves and underground structures like e.g. the lava tubes, (i.e. conduit formed by flowing lava from a volcanic vent that moves beneath the hardened surface of a lava flow) and other depressed morphologies such as permanently shadowed craters which could present in situ resources such as water ice. Given the limited onboard resources of these missions and extreme illumination conditions ranging from sunlight to complete darkness, the cameras might be capable of operating without the support of any artificial illumination system. This paper studies the radiance properties of a set of different lunar cave pits as illuminated uniquely by the sunlight for different Sun elevations above the Moon horizon and permanently shadowed craters such as Shackleton’s interior. This is as an endmember for complete darkness of extreme importance because it could be a cold trap for volatiles and a potential future human exploration target. The simulations are carried out using the OpticStudio ray tracing software and a Lambertian scattering model of the cave pit walls. The radiance maps within the caves can be used by the scientific community to estimate the typical Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the required observations with optical cameras deployed on the lunar surface. This is accomplished both for directly illuminated, penumbra and umbra regions of the cave pit. We believe that the proposed investigations are of wide interest for the future missions to the Moon and its robotic and manned exploration.

  @inproceedings{SPIE_2022, abstract = {here is currently a growing interest for the in-situ robotic and human exploration of the Moon’s surface and subsurface. In particular, several mission concepts foresee the exploration of lunar caves and underground structures like e.g. the lava tubes, (i.e. conduit formed by flowing lava from a volcanic vent that moves beneath the hardened surface of a lava flow) and other depressed morphologies such as permanently shadowed craters which could present in situ resources such as water ice. Given the limited onboard resources of these missions and extreme illumination conditions ranging from sunlight to complete darkness, the cameras might be capable of operating without the support of any artificial illumination system. This paper studies the radiance properties of a set of different lunar cave pits as illuminated uniquely by the sunlight for different Sun elevations above the Moon horizon and permanently shadowed craters such as Shackleton’s interior. This is as an endmember for complete darkness of extreme importance because it could be a cold trap for volatiles and a potential future human exploration target. The simulations are carried out using the OpticStudio ray tracing software and a Lambertian scattering model of the cave pit walls. The radiance maps within the caves can be used by the scientific community to estimate the typical Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of the required observations with optical cameras deployed on the lunar surface. This is accomplished both for directly illuminated, penumbra and umbra regions of the cave pit. We believe that the proposed investigations are of wide interest for the future missions to the Moon and its robotic and manned exploration.}, author = {Rodeghiero, G. and Pernechele, C. and Munari, M. and Pozzobon, R. and Pajola, M. and Antonio, I. Di and Lucchetti, A. and Massironi, M. and Simioni, E. and Borrmann, D. and Maurelli, F. and N{\"u}chter, A. and Rossi, A. P.}, booktitle = {Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2022: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave}, editor = {Coyle, Laura E. and Matsuura, Shuji and Perrin, Marshall D.}, keywords = {Radiance}, organization = {International Society for Optics and Photonics}, pages = {121803B}, publisher = {SPIE}, title = {{Radiance values inside lunar caves and lava tubes}}, volume = 12180, year = 2022 }
• Integration of a social robot and gamification in adult learning and effects on motivation, engagement and performance. Riedmann, Anna; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit. In AI & Society. Springer, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{Riedmann_2022, author = {Riedmann, Anna and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {AI & Society}, keywords = {mi}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Integration of a social robot and gamification in adult learning and effects on motivation, engagement and performance}, year = 2022 }
• Addressing Motivation in an E-Learning Scenario by applying Narration and Choice. Schaper, Philipp; Riedmann, Anna; Semineth, Miriam; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 35th British Human-Computer Interaction Conference (BCS HCI 22). 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{schaper2022addressing, author = {Schaper, Philipp and Riedmann, Anna and Semineth, Miriam and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th British Human-Computer Interaction Conference (BCS HCI 22)}, keywords = {mi}, title = {Addressing Motivation in an E-Learning Scenario by applying Narration and Choice}, year = 2022 }
• {Dynamic Point Cloud Compression Based on Projections, Surface Reconstruction and Video Compression}. Dumic, E.; Bjelopera, A.; N{ü}chter, A. In Sensors, 22(1). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In this paper we will present a new dynamic point cloud compression based on different projection types and bit depth, combined with the surface reconstruction algorithm and video compression for obtained geometry and texture maps. Texture maps have been compressed after creating Voronoi diagrams. Used video compression is specific for geometry (FFV1) and texture (H.265/HEVC). Decompressed point clouds are reconstructed using a Poisson surface reconstruction algorithm. Comparison with the original point clouds was performed using point-to-point and point-to-plane measures. Comprehensive experiments show better performance for some projection maps: cylindrical, Miller and Mercator projections.

  @article{MDPI2022, abstract = {In this paper we will present a new dynamic point cloud compression based on different projection types and bit depth, combined with the surface reconstruction algorithm and video compression for obtained geometry and texture maps. Texture maps have been compressed after creating Voronoi diagrams. Used video compression is specific for geometry (FFV1) and texture (H.265/HEVC). Decompressed point clouds are reconstructed using a Poisson surface reconstruction algorithm. Comparison with the original point clouds was performed using point-to-point and point-to-plane measures. Comprehensive experiments show better performance for some projection maps: cylindrical, Miller and Mercator projections.}, author = {Dumic, E. and Bjelopera, A. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {Sensors}, keywords = {author}, number = 1, title = {{Dynamic Point Cloud Compression Based on Projections, Surface Reconstruction and Video Compression}}, volume = 22, year = 2022 }
• {A}erial {3D} {M}apping with {C}ontinuous {T}ime {ICP} for {U}rban {S}earch and {R}escue. Lauterbach, H. A.; N{ü}chter, A. In {A}utonomous {M}obile {M}apping {R}obots, J. B{\c{e}}dkowski (ed.). IntechOpen, Rijeka, Croatia, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Fast reconnaissance is essential for strategic decisions during the immediate response phase of urban search and rescue missions. Nowadays, UAVs with their advantageous overview perspective are increasingly used for reconnaissance besides manual inspection of the scenario. However, data evaluation is often limited to visual inspection of images or video footage. We present our LiDAR-based aerial 3D map- ping system, providing real-time maps of the environment. UAV-borne laser scans typically offer a reduced field of view. Moreover, UAV trajectories are more flexible and dynamic compared to those of ground vehicles, for which SLAM systems are often designed. We address these challenges by a two-step registration approach based on continuous time ICP. The experiments show that the resulting maps accu- rately represent the environment.

  @incollection{INTECH22B, abstract = {Fast reconnaissance is essential for strategic decisions during the immediate response phase of urban search and rescue missions. Nowadays, UAVs with their advantageous overview perspective are increasingly used for reconnaissance besides manual inspection of the scenario. However, data evaluation is often limited to visual inspection of images or video footage. We present our LiDAR-based aerial 3D map- ping system, providing real-time maps of the environment. UAV-borne laser scans typically offer a reduced field of view. Moreover, UAV trajectories are more flexible and dynamic compared to those of ground vehicles, for which SLAM systems are often designed. We address these challenges by a two-step registration approach based on continuous time ICP. The experiments show that the resulting maps accu- rately represent the environment.}, address = {Rijeka, Croatia}, author = {Lauterbach, H. A. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {{A}utonomous {M}obile {M}apping {R}obots}, chapter = 6, editor = {B{\c{e}}dkowski, Janusz}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {IntechOpen}, title = {{A}erial {3D} {M}apping with {C}ontinuous {T}ime {ICP} for {U}rban {S}earch and {R}escue}, year = 2022 }
• {U}nconventional {T}rajectories for {M}obile {3D} {S}canning and {M}apping. Arzberger, F.; Zevering, J.; Bredenbeck, A.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A. In {A}utonomous {M}obile {M}apping {R}obots, J. B{\c{e}}dkowski (ed.). IntechOpen, Rijeka, Croatia, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  State-of-the-art LiDAR-based 3D scanning and mapping systems focus on scenarios where good sensing coverage is ensured, such as drones, wheeled robots, cars, or backpack-mounted systems. However, in some scenarios more unconventional sensor trajectories come naturally, e.g., rolling, descending, or oscillating back and forth, but the literature on these is relatively sparse. As a result, most implementations developed in the past are not able to solve the SLAM problem in such conditions. In this chapter, we propose a robust offline-batch SLAM system that is able to address more challenging trajectories, which are characterized by weak angles of incidence and limited FOV while scanning. The proposed SLAM system is an upgraded version of our previous work and takes as input the raw points and prior pose estimates, yet the latter are subject to large amounts of drift. Our approach is a two-staged algorithm where in the first stage coarse alignment is fast achieved by matching planar polygons. In the second stage, we utilize a graph-based SLAM algorithm for further refinement. We evaluate the mapping accu- racy of the algorithm on our own recorded datasets using high-resolution ground truth maps, which are available from a TLS.

  @incollection{INTECH22A, abstract = {State-of-the-art LiDAR-based 3D scanning and mapping systems focus on scenarios where good sensing coverage is ensured, such as drones, wheeled robots, cars, or backpack-mounted systems. However, in some scenarios more unconventional sensor trajectories come naturally, e.g., rolling, descending, or oscillating back and forth, but the literature on these is relatively sparse. As a result, most implementations developed in the past are not able to solve the SLAM problem in such conditions. In this chapter, we propose a robust offline-batch SLAM system that is able to address more challenging trajectories, which are characterized by weak angles of incidence and limited FOV while scanning. The proposed SLAM system is an upgraded version of our previous work and takes as input the raw points and prior pose estimates, yet the latter are subject to large amounts of drift. Our approach is a two-staged algorithm where in the first stage coarse alignment is fast achieved by matching planar polygons. In the second stage, we utilize a graph-based SLAM algorithm for further refinement. We evaluate the mapping accu- racy of the algorithm on our own recorded datasets using high-resolution ground truth maps, which are available from a TLS.}, address = {Rijeka, Croatia}, author = {Arzberger, F. and Zevering, J. and Bredenbeck, A. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {{A}utonomous {M}obile {M}apping {R}obots}, chapter = 9, editor = {B{\c{e}}dkowski, J.}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {IntechOpen}, title = {{U}nconventional {T}rajectories for {M}obile {3D} {S}canning and {M}apping}, year = 2022 }
• A Multi-Layered User Guidance Framework. Babu, Sooraj K. In Organic Computing Doctoral Dissertation Colloquium (OC-DDC). Kassel University Press, Kassel, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Using a complex software system can pose a difficult challenge for its users, especially for those without technical backgrounds. This paper outlines a concept to deploy Recommender Systems coupled with Intelligent User Interfaces as an effective mechanism to guide a user of a complex software system through context-aware suggestions. More concretely, we focus on an authoring tool that our research draws motivation from and will find opportunities for evaluation---it is a platform that aims at empowering medical professionals to create virtual reality experiences to help their work. This paper elaborates on the envisioned concept and the plan for implementation and evaluation.

  @conference{Babu:2022ac, abstract = {Using a complex software system can pose a difficult challenge for its users, especially for those without technical backgrounds. This paper outlines a concept to deploy Recommender Systems coupled with Intelligent User Interfaces as an effective mechanism to guide a user of a complex software system through context-aware suggestions. More concretely, we focus on an authoring tool that our research draws motivation from and will find opportunities for evaluation—it is a platform that aims at empowering medical professionals to create virtual reality experiences to help their work. This paper elaborates on the envisioned concept and the plan for implementation and evaluation.}, address = {Kassel}, author = {Babu, Sooraj K}, booktitle = {Organic Computing Doctoral Dissertation Colloquium (OC-DDC)}, keywords = {via-vr}, publisher = {Kassel University Press}, title = {A Multi-Layered User Guidance Framework}, year = 2022 }
• Learning Classifier Systems as Recommender Systems. Babu, Sooraj K; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Lifelike Computing Systems Workshop LIFELIKE 2022. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  A multitude of software domains, ranging from e-commerce services to personal digital assistants, rely on recommender systems (RS) to enhance their performance and customer experience. There are several established approaches to RS, including algorithms, namely, collaborative filtering, content based filtering, and various hybrid systems that use different verticals of data, such as the user’s preferences, the metadata of items to be suggested, etc., to generate recommendations. Contrary to those, we adopt a classifier system to benefit from its rule-based knowledge representation and interwoven learning mechanisms. In this paper, we present our approach and elaborate on its potential use to flexibly and effectively guide a user through the application of an authoring platform.

  @inproceedings{babu2022learning, abstract = {A multitude of software domains, ranging from e-commerce services to personal digital assistants, rely on recommender systems (RS) to enhance their performance and customer experience. There are several established approaches to RS, including algorithms, namely, collaborative filtering, content based filtering, and various hybrid systems that use different verticals of data, such as the user’s preferences, the metadata of items to be suggested, etc., to generate recommendations. Contrary to those, we adopt a classifier system to benefit from its rule-based knowledge representation and interwoven learning mechanisms. In this paper, we present our approach and elaborate on its potential use to flexibly and effectively guide a user through the application of an authoring platform.}, author = {Babu, Sooraj K and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Lifelike Computing Systems Workshop LIFELIKE 2022}, keywords = {via-vr}, title = {Learning Classifier Systems as Recommender Systems}, year = 2022 }
• The Possibility of Inducing the Proteus Effect for Social VR Users. Oyanagi, Akimi; Narumi, Takuji; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Aoyama, Kazuma; Ito, Kenichiro; Amemiya, Tomohiro; Hirose, Michitaka. In International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, pp. 143–158. Springer Nature Switzerland, Cham, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The Proteus effect in Virtual Reality (VR) happens when the user's behavior or attitude are affected by their avatar's appearance. The virtual body appearance is somehow affecting the emotional, behavioral and psychological state of its user. In recent years, manipulation of an avatar has become a more common situation because of social VR platforms. It is considered that the Proteus effect can be induced even for social VR users. However, there are possibilities to disrupt the Proteus effect by becoming accustomed to embodying an avatar or attachment to their avatar.

  @inproceedings{10.1007/978-3-031-21707-4_11, abstract = {The Proteus effect in Virtual Reality (VR) happens when the user's behavior or attitude are affected by their avatar's appearance. The virtual body appearance is somehow affecting the emotional, behavioral and psychological state of its user. In recent years, manipulation of an avatar has become a more common situation because of social VR platforms. It is considered that the Proteus effect can be induced even for social VR users. However, there are possibilities to disrupt the Proteus effect by becoming accustomed to embodying an avatar or attachment to their avatar.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Oyanagi, Akimi and Narumi, Takuji and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Aoyama, Kazuma and Ito, Kenichiro and Amemiya, Tomohiro and Hirose, Michitaka}, booktitle = {International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction}, keywords = {proteus}, pages = {143–158}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, title = {The Possibility of Inducing the Proteus Effect for Social VR Users}, year = 2022 }
• Dense Feature Matching based on Homographic Decomposition. Seibt, Simon; von Ramon Lipinski, Bartosz; Latoschik, March Erich. In IEEE Access, X, pp. 1–1. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Finding robust and accurate feature matches is a fundamental problem in computer vision. However, incorrect correspondences and suboptimal matching accuracies lead to significant challenges for many real-world applications. In conventional feature matching, corresponding features in an image pair are greedily searched using their descriptor distance. The resulting matching set is then typically used as input for geometric model fitting methods to find an appropriate fundamental matrix and filter out incorrect matches. Unfortunately, this basic approach cannot solve all practical problems, such as fundamental matrix degeneration, matching ambiguities caused by repeated patterns and rejection of initially mismatched features without further reconsideration. In this paper we introduce a novel matching pipeline, which addresses all of the aforementioned challenges at once: First, we perform iterative rematching to give mismatched feature points a further chance for being considered in later processing steps. Thereby, we are searching for inliers that exhibit the same homographic transformation per iteration. The resulting homographic decomposition is used for refining matches, occlusion detection (e.g. due to parallaxes) and extrapolation of additional features in critical image areas. Furthermore, Delaunay triangulation of the matching set is utilized to minimize the repeated pattern problem and to implement focused matching. Doing so, enables us to further increase matching quality by concentrating on local image areas, defined by the triangular mesh. We present and discuss experimental results with multiple real-world matching datasets. Our contributions, besides improving matching recall and precision for image processing applications in general, also relate to use cases in image-based computer graphics.

  @article{seibt2022dense, abstract = {Finding robust and accurate feature matches is a fundamental problem in computer vision. However, incorrect correspondences and suboptimal matching accuracies lead to significant challenges for many real-world applications. In conventional feature matching, corresponding features in an image pair are greedily searched using their descriptor distance. The resulting matching set is then typically used as input for geometric model fitting methods to find an appropriate fundamental matrix and filter out incorrect matches. Unfortunately, this basic approach cannot solve all practical problems, such as fundamental matrix degeneration, matching ambiguities caused by repeated patterns and rejection of initially mismatched features without further reconsideration. In this paper we introduce a novel matching pipeline, which addresses all of the aforementioned challenges at once: First, we perform iterative rematching to give mismatched feature points a further chance for being considered in later processing steps. Thereby, we are searching for inliers that exhibit the same homographic transformation per iteration. The resulting homographic decomposition is used for refining matches, occlusion detection (e.g. due to parallaxes) and extrapolation of additional features in critical image areas. Furthermore, Delaunay triangulation of the matching set is utilized to minimize the repeated pattern problem and to implement focused matching. Doing so, enables us to further increase matching quality by concentrating on local image areas, defined by the triangular mesh. We present and discuss experimental results with multiple real-world matching datasets. Our contributions, besides improving matching recall and precision for image processing applications in general, also relate to use cases in image-based computer graphics.}, author = {Seibt, Simon and von Ramon Lipinski, Bartosz and Latoschik, March Erich}, journal = {IEEE Access}, keywords = {latoschik}, pages = {1-1}, title = {Dense Feature Matching based on Homographic Decomposition}, volume = {X}, year = 2022 }
• Attitude of Nutrition Experts Toward Psychotherapy and Virtual Reality as Part of Obesity Treatment—An Online Survey. Gemesi, Kathrin; Holzmann, Sophie Laura; Hochrein, Regine; D{ö}llinger, Nina; Wienrich, Carolin; Weinberger, Natascha-Alexandra; Luck-Sikorski, Claudia; Holzapfel, Christina. In Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13. Frontiers Media SA, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{gemesi2022attitude, author = {Gemesi, Kathrin and Holzmann, Sophie Laura and Hochrein, Regine and D{\"o}llinger, Nina and Wienrich, Carolin and Weinberger, Natascha-Alexandra and Luck-Sikorski, Claudia and Holzapfel, Christina}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychiatry}, keywords = {vitras}, publisher = {Frontiers Media SA}, title = {Attitude of Nutrition Experts Toward Psychotherapy and Virtual Reality as Part of Obesity Treatment—An Online Survey}, volume = 13, year = 2022 }
• In-Flight Experience and Operations of the 3U-Mission SONATE. Schwarz, Tobias; Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas. In Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S). Vilamoura, Portugal, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  SONATE was a 3U-CubeSat for technology demonstration developed at the University of Würzburg, primarily for the in-orbit verification of the autonomous payloads ASAP-L and ADIA-L, as well as other smaller payloads like star sensors and reaction wheels. On July 5, 2019, it was successfully launched on a Russian Soyuz rocket into a 530 km Sun synchronous orbit. The mission ended after one year of operations. During its operation, SONATE has been commanded and telemetry was received almost daily on two or three passes over the university’s ground station.

  @inproceedings{noauthororeditorinflight, abstract = {SONATE was a 3U-CubeSat for technology demonstration developed at the University of Würzburg, primarily for the in-orbit verification of the autonomous payloads ASAP-L and ADIA-L, as well as other smaller payloads like star sensors and reaction wheels. On July 5, 2019, it was successfully launched on a Russian Soyuz rocket into a 530 km Sun synchronous orbit. The mission ended after one year of operations. During its operation, SONATE has been commanded and telemetry was received almost daily on two or three passes over the university’s ground station.}, address = {Vilamoura, Portugal}, author = {Schwarz, Tobias and Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas}, booktitle = {Small Satellites, System & Services Symposium (4S)}, keywords = {cubesat}, title = {In-Flight Experience and Operations of the 3U-Mission SONATE}, year = 2022 }
• The Segment Number: Algorithms and Universal Lower Bounds for Some Classes of Planar Graphs. Goeßmann, Ina; Klawitter, Jonathan; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Kobourov, Stephen G.; Kryven, Myroslav; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 48th Int. Workshop Graph-Theoretic Concepts Comput. Sci. (WG), Vol. 13453 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, M. Bekos, M. Kaufmann (eds.), p. 16 pages. Springer-Verlag, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{gkkkkkwz-snaul-WG22, author = {Goe{\ss}mann, Ina and Klawitter, Jonathan and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Kobourov, Stephen G. and Kryven, Myroslav and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 48th Int. Workshop Graph-Theoretic Concepts Comput. Sci. (WG)}, editor = {Bekos, Michael and Kaufmann, Michael}, keywords = {visual_complexity}, pages = {16 pages}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {The Segment Number: Algorithms and Universal Lower Bounds for Some Classes of Planar Graphs}, volume = 13453, year = 2022 }
• Testing the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX Module for the SONATE-2 Nano Satellite Mission. Herbst, Tobias; Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas; Riegler, Clemens; Schwarz, Tobias. Vol. IAC 2022 congress proceedings, p. 7. International Astronautical Federation (IAF), 100 Avenue de Suffren 75015 Paris, France, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  SONATE-2 is a 6U+, LEO CubeSat mission, which will demonstrate the feasibility of in-orbit image processing using neural networks. These networks shall also be trained on-board. Therefore, a powerful computational unit with a small form factor and low power consumption is needed. One possible candidate, the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX is analysed and tested for a possible use in this mission. Thus, thermal vacuum chamber tests, total ionizing radiation dose tests, single event effect tests and vibration tests were performed to expose the module to conditions equivalent to space environment present in LEO. The module has been Total Ionizing Dose (TID) tested with a Co-60 source at a dose of 10\,krad. Single Event Effect (SEE) testing has been done with protons at energy levels of 30, 50 and 68 MeV. In addition to that, vibration tests have been conducted on acceptance level for a launch with a Soyuz-2 rocket for a containerized CubeSat. The thermal-vacuum tests included an outgassing test and a thermal cycling test with 5 cycles from -30$^\circ$C to 90$^\circ$C. After the TID tests, the vibration tests and the thermal tests, no damage to the module could be detected. During the outgassing test, a total mass loss of at least 0.08\,\% was measured. During the SEE tests, two single event effects occurred, of which one caused the device to reboot and another one caused a memory error in the modules eMMC memory. Thus, it is recommended to implement a redundancy strategy for the content of the eMMC memory and operate the device, such that spontaneous reboots do not lead to critical failures.

  @conference{herbst2022testing, abstract = {SONATE-2 is a 6U+, LEO CubeSat mission, which will demonstrate the feasibility of in-orbit image processing using neural networks. These networks shall also be trained on-board. Therefore, a powerful computational unit with a small form factor and low power consumption is needed. One possible candidate, the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX is analysed and tested for a possible use in this mission. Thus, thermal vacuum chamber tests, total ionizing radiation dose tests, single event effect tests and vibration tests were performed to expose the module to conditions equivalent to space environment present in LEO. The module has been Total Ionizing Dose (TID) tested with a Co-60 source at a dose of 10\,krad. Single Event Effect (SEE) testing has been done with protons at energy levels of 30, 50 and 68 MeV. In addition to that, vibration tests have been conducted on acceptance level for a launch with a Soyuz-2 rocket for a containerized CubeSat. The thermal-vacuum tests included an outgassing test and a thermal cycling test with 5 cycles from -30$^\circ$C to 90$^\circ$C. After the TID tests, the vibration tests and the thermal tests, no damage to the module could be detected. During the outgassing test, a total mass loss of at least 0.08\,\% was measured. During the SEE tests, two single event effects occurred, of which one caused the device to reboot and another one caused a memory error in the modules eMMC memory. Thus, it is recommended to implement a redundancy strategy for the content of the eMMC memory and operate the device, such that spontaneous reboots do not lead to critical failures.}, address = {100 Avenue de Suffren 75015 Paris, France}, author = {Herbst, Tobias and Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas and Riegler, Clemens and Schwarz, Tobias}, keywords = {myown}, pages = 7, publisher = {International Astronautical Federation (IAF)}, title = {Testing the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX Module for the SONATE-2 Nano Satellite Mission}, volume = {IAC 2022 congress proceedings}, year = 2022 }
• Controlling the STAGE: A High-Level Control System for Virtual Audiences In Virtual Reality. Glémarec, Yann; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Bosser, Anne-Gwenn; Buche, Cedric; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality – Virtual Reality and Human Behaviour, 3, pp. 2673–4192. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This article presents a novel method for controlling a virtual audience system (VAS) in Virtual Reality (VR) application, called STAGE, which has been originally designed for supervised public speaking training in university seminars dedicated to the preparation and delivery of scientific talks. We are interested in creating pedagogical \emph{narratives}: narratives encompass affective phenomena and rather than organizing events changing the course of a training scenario, pedagogical plans using our system focus on organizing the affects it arouses for the trainees. Efficiently controlling a virtual audience towards a specific training objective while evaluating the speaker's performance presents a challenge for a seminar instructor: the high level of cognitive and physical demands required to be able to control the virtual audience, whilst evaluating speaker's performance, adjusting and allowing it to quickly react to the user’s behaviors and interactions. It is indeed a critical limitation of a number of existing systems that they rely on a Wizard of Oz approach, where the tutor drives the audience in reaction to the user’s performance. We address this problem by integrating with a VAS a high-level control component for tutors, which allows using predefined audience behavior rules, defining custom ones, as well as intervening during run-time for finer control of the unfolding of the pedagogical plan. At its core, this component offers a tool to program, select, modify and monitor interactive training narratives using a high-level representation. The STAGE offers the following features: i) a high-level API to program pedagogical narratives focusing on a specific public speaking situation and training objectives, ii) an interactive visualization interface iii) computation and visualization of user metrics, iv) a semi-autonomous virtual audience composed of virtual spectators with automatic reactions to the speaker and surrounding spectators while following the pedagogical plan V) and the possibility for the instructor to embody a virtual spectator to ask questions or guide the speaker from within the Virtual Environment. We present here the design, implementation of the tutoring system and its integration in STAGE, and discuss its reception by end-users.

  @article{glemarec2022controlling, abstract = {This article presents a novel method for controlling a virtual audience system (VAS) in Virtual Reality (VR) application, called STAGE, which has been originally designed for supervised public speaking training in university seminars dedicated to the preparation and delivery of scientific talks. We are interested in creating pedagogical \emph{narratives}: narratives encompass affective phenomena and rather than organizing events changing the course of a training scenario, pedagogical plans using our system focus on organizing the affects it arouses for the trainees. Efficiently controlling a virtual audience towards a specific training objective while evaluating the speaker's performance presents a challenge for a seminar instructor: the high level of cognitive and physical demands required to be able to control the virtual audience, whilst evaluating speaker's performance, adjusting and allowing it to quickly react to the user’s behaviors and interactions. It is indeed a critical limitation of a number of existing systems that they rely on a Wizard of Oz approach, where the tutor drives the audience in reaction to the user’s performance. We address this problem by integrating with a VAS a high-level control component for tutors, which allows using predefined audience behavior rules, defining custom ones, as well as intervening during run-time for finer control of the unfolding of the pedagogical plan. At its core, this component offers a tool to program, select, modify and monitor interactive training narratives using a high-level representation. The STAGE offers the following features: i) a high-level API to program pedagogical narratives focusing on a specific public speaking situation and training objectives, ii) an interactive visualization interface iii) computation and visualization of user metrics, iv) a semi-autonomous virtual audience composed of virtual spectators with automatic reactions to the speaker and surrounding spectators while following the pedagogical plan V) and the possibility for the instructor to embody a virtual spectator to ask questions or guide the speaker from within the Virtual Environment. We present here the design, implementation of the tutoring system and its integration in STAGE, and discuss its reception by end-users.}, author = {Glémarec, Yann and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Bosser, Anne-Gwenn and Buche, Cedric and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality – Virtual Reality and Human Behaviour}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {2673–4192}, title = {Controlling the STAGE: A High-Level Control System for Virtual Audiences In Virtual Reality}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• The Computational Complexity of the {ChordLink} Model. Kindermann, Philipp; Sauer, Jan; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 38th Europ. Workshop Comput. Geom. (EuroCG), E. {Di Giacomo}, F. Montecchiani (eds.), pp. 10:1–7. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{ksw-cccm-EuroCG22, author = {Kindermann, Philipp and Sauer, Jan and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 38th Europ. Workshop Comput. Geom. (EuroCG)}, editor = {{Di Giacomo}, Emilio and Montecchiani, Fabrizio}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {10:1–7}, title = {The Computational Complexity of the {ChordLink} Model}, year = 2022 }
• Open ERP System Data For Occupational Fraud Detection. Tritscher, Julian; Gwinner, Fabian; Schlör, Daniel; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. In arxiv. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{tritscher2022erpData, author = {Tritscher, Julian and Gwinner, Fabian and Schlör, Daniel and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {arxiv}, keywords = 2022, title = {Open ERP System Data For Occupational Fraud Detection}, year = 2022 }
• Semi-unsupervised Learning for Time Series Classification. Davidson, Padraig; Steininger, Michael; Huhn, Andr{{é}}; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. In CoRR, abs/2207.03119. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2207-03119, author = {Davidson, Padraig and Steininger, Michael and Huhn, Andr{\'{e}} and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2022, title = {Semi-unsupervised Learning for Time Series Classification}, volume = {abs/2207.03119}, year = 2022 }
• One Graph to Rule them All: Using {NLP} and Graph Neural Networks to analyse Tolkien’s Legendarium. Perri, Vincenzo; Qarkaxhija, Lisi; Zehe, Albin; Hotho, Andreas; Scholtes, Ingo. In Proceedings of the Computational Humanities Research Conference 2022, {CHR} 2022, Antwerp, Belgium, December 12-14, 2022, Vol. 3290 of {CEUR} Workshop Proceedings, F. Karsdorp, K. L. Nielbo (eds.), pp. 291–317. CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{DBLP:conf/chr/PerriQZHS22, author = {Perri, Vincenzo and Qarkaxhija, Lisi and Zehe, Albin and Hotho, Andreas and Scholtes, Ingo}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Computational Humanities Research Conference 2022, {CHR} 2022, Antwerp, Belgium, December 12-14, 2022}, editor = {Karsdorp, Folgert and Nielbo, Kristoffer L.}, keywords = 2022, pages = {291–317}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, series = {{CEUR} Workshop Proceedings}, title = {One Graph to Rule them All: Using {NLP} and Graph Neural Networks to analyse Tolkien's Legendarium}, volume = 3290, year = 2022 }
• Identification of clinically distinct and prognostically important phenogroups in patients with acute heart failure by a machine learning approach. Albert, J Judith; Leppich, R; Borst, V; Sahiti, F; Scholz, N; Cejka, V; Morbach, C; Ertl, G; Angermann, C; Frantz, S; others. In EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE, Vol. 24, pp. 179–179. WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{albert2022identification, author = {Albert, J Judith and Leppich, R and Borst, V and Sahiti, F and Scholz, N and Cejka, V and Morbach, C and Ertl, G and Angermann, C and Frantz, S and others}, booktitle = {EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, organization = {WILEY 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA}, pages = {179–179}, title = {Identification of clinically distinct and prognostically important phenogroups in patients with acute heart failure by a machine learning approach}, volume = 24, year = 2022 }
• Challenge Discussion on Socially Interactive Agents: Considerations on Social Interaction, Computational Architectures, Evaluation, and Ethics. Lugrin, Birgit; Pelachaud, Catherine; André, Elisabeth; Aylett, Ruth; Bickmore, Timothy; Breazeal, Cynthia; Broekens, Joost; Dautenhahn, Kerstin; Gratch, Jonathan; Kopp, Stefan; Nadel, Jacqueline; Paiva, Ana; Wykowska, Agnieszka. In The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application, pp. 561–626. ACM, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inbook{10.1145/3563659.3563677, author = {Lugrin, Birgit and Pelachaud, Catherine and André, Elisabeth and Aylett, Ruth and Bickmore, Timothy and Breazeal, Cynthia and Broekens, Joost and Dautenhahn, Kerstin and Gratch, Jonathan and Kopp, Stefan and Nadel, Jacqueline and Paiva, Ana and Wykowska, Agnieszka}, journal = {The Handbook on Socially Interactive Agents: 20 years of Research on Embodied Conversational Agents, Intelligent Virtual Agents, and Social Robotics Volume 2: Interactivity, Platforms, Application}, keywords = {mi}, pages = {561–626}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Challenge Discussion on Socially Interactive Agents: Considerations on Social Interaction, Computational Architectures, Evaluation, and Ethics}, year = 2022 }
• A multi-method approach to compare presence, fear induction and desensitization in survival horror games within the reality-virtuality-continuum. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Eckstein, Benjamin; Lugrin, Birgit. In Entertainment Computing, p. 100539. Elsevier, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{Steinhaeusser_2022, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Eckstein, Benjamin and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Entertainment Computing}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, pages = 100539, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {A multi-method approach to compare presence, fear induction and desensitization in survival horror games within the reality-virtuality-continuum}, year = 2022 }
• Resize Me! Exploring the User Experience of Embodied Realistic Modulatable Avatars for Body Image Intervention in Virtual Reality. Döllinger, Nina; Wolf, Erik; Mal, David; Wenninger, Stephan; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Obesity is a serious disease that can affect both physical and psychological well-being. Due to weight stigmatization, many affected individuals suffer from body image disturbances whereby they perceive their body in a distorted way, evaluate it negatively, or neglect it. Beyond established interventions such as mirror exposure, recent advancements aim to complement body image treatments by the embodiment of visually altered virtual bodies in virtual reality (VR). We present a high-fidelity prototype of an advanced VR system that allows users to embody a rapidly generated personalized, photorealistic avatar and to realistically modulate its body weight in real-time within a carefully designed virtual environment. In a formative multi-method approach, a total of 12 participants rated the general user experience (UX) of our system during body scan and VR experience using semi-structured qualitative interviews and multiple quantitative UX measures. Using body weight modification tasks, we further compared three different interaction methods for real-time body weight modification and measured our system’s impact on the body image relevant measures body awareness and body weight perception. From the feedback received, demonstrating an already solid UX of our overall system and providing constructive input for further improvement, we derived a set of design guidelines to guide future development and evaluation processes of systems supporting body image interventions.

  @article{dollinger2022resizeme, abstract = {Obesity is a serious disease that can affect both physical and psychological well-being. Due to weight stigmatization, many affected individuals suffer from body image disturbances whereby they perceive their body in a distorted way, evaluate it negatively, or neglect it. Beyond established interventions such as mirror exposure, recent advancements aim to complement body image treatments by the embodiment of visually altered virtual bodies in virtual reality (VR). We present a high-fidelity prototype of an advanced VR system that allows users to embody a rapidly generated personalized, photorealistic avatar and to realistically modulate its body weight in real-time within a carefully designed virtual environment. In a formative multi-method approach, a total of 12 participants rated the general user experience (UX) of our system during body scan and VR experience using semi-structured qualitative interviews and multiple quantitative UX measures. Using body weight modification tasks, we further compared three different interaction methods for real-time body weight modification and measured our system’s impact on the body image relevant measures body awareness and body weight perception. From the feedback received, demonstrating an already solid UX of our overall system and providing constructive input for further improvement, we derived a set of design guidelines to guide future development and evaluation processes of systems supporting body image interventions.}, author = {Döllinger, Nina and Wolf, Erik and Mal, David and Wenninger, Stephan and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {dmal}, title = {Resize Me! Exploring the User Experience of Embodied Realistic Modulatable Avatars for Body Image Intervention in Virtual Reality}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• Interactive, Visual Simulation of a Spatio-Temporal Model of Gas Exchange in the Human Alveolus. Schmid, Kerstin; Knote, Andreas; Mück, Alexander; Pfeiffer, Keram; von Mammen, Sebastian; Fischer, Sabine C. In Frontiers in Bioinformatics, 1. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In interdisciplinary fields such as systems biology, good communication between experimentalists and theorists is crucial for the success of a project. Theoretical modeling in physiology usually describes complex systems with many interdependencies. On one hand, these models have to be grounded on experimental data. On the other hand, experimenters must be able to understand the interdependent complexities of the theoretical model in order to interpret the model’s results in the physiological context. We promote interactive, visual simulations as an engaging way to present theoretical models in physiology and to make complex processes tangible. Based on a requirements analysis, we developed a new model for gas exchange in the human alveolus in combination with an interactive simulation software named Alvin. Alvin exceeds the current standard with its spatio-temporal resolution and a combination of visual and quantitative feedback. In Alvin, the course of the simulation can be traced in a three-dimensional rendering of an alveolus and dynamic plots. The user can interact by configuring essential model parameters. Alvin allows to run and compare multiple simulation instances simultaneously. We exemplified the use of Alvin for research by identifying unknown dependencies in published experimental data. Employing a detailed questionnaire, we showed the benefits of Alvin for education. We postulate that interactive, visual simulation of theoretical models, as we have implemented with Alvin on respiratory processes in the alveolus, can be of great help for communication between specialists and thereby advancing research.

  @article{10.3389/fbinf.2021.774300, abstract = {In interdisciplinary fields such as systems biology, good communication between experimentalists and theorists is crucial for the success of a project. Theoretical modeling in physiology usually describes complex systems with many interdependencies. On one hand, these models have to be grounded on experimental data. On the other hand, experimenters must be able to understand the interdependent complexities of the theoretical model in order to interpret the model’s results in the physiological context. We promote interactive, visual simulations as an engaging way to present theoretical models in physiology and to make complex processes tangible. Based on a requirements analysis, we developed a new model for gas exchange in the human alveolus in combination with an interactive simulation software named Alvin. Alvin exceeds the current standard with its spatio-temporal resolution and a combination of visual and quantitative feedback. In Alvin, the course of the simulation can be traced in a three-dimensional rendering of an alveolus and dynamic plots. The user can interact by configuring essential model parameters. Alvin allows to run and compare multiple simulation instances simultaneously. We exemplified the use of Alvin for research by identifying unknown dependencies in published experimental data. Employing a detailed questionnaire, we showed the benefits of Alvin for education. We postulate that interactive, visual simulation of theoretical models, as we have implemented with Alvin on respiratory processes in the alveolus, can be of great help for communication between specialists and thereby advancing research.}, author = {Schmid, Kerstin and Knote, Andreas and Mück, Alexander and Pfeiffer, Keram and von Mammen, Sebastian and Fischer, Sabine C.}, journal = {Frontiers in Bioinformatics}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Interactive, Visual Simulation of a Spatio-Temporal Model of Gas Exchange in the Human Alveolus}, volume = 1, year = 2022 }
• Interactive, Visual Simulation of a Spatio-Temporal Model of Gas Exchange in the Human Alveolus. Schmid, Kerstin; Knote, Andreas; M{ü}ck, Alexander; Pfeiffer, Keram; von Mammen, Sebastian; Fischer, Sabine C. In Frontiers in Bioinformatics, 1. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In interdisciplinary fields such as systems biology, good communication between experimentalists and theorists is crucial for the success of a project. Theoretical modeling in physiology usually describes complex systems with many interdependencies. On one hand, these models have to be grounded on experimental data. On the other hand, experimenters must be able to understand the interdependent complexities of the theoretical model in order to interpret the model's results in the physiological context. We promote interactive, visual simulations as an engaging way to present theoretical models in physiology and to make complex processes tangible. Based on a requirements analysis, we developed a new model for gas exchange in the human alveolus in combination with an interactive simulation software named Alvin. Alvin exceeds the current standard with its spatio-temporal resolution and a combination of visual and quantitative feedback. In Alvin, the course of the simulation can be traced in a three-dimensional rendering of an alveolus and dynamic plots. The user can interact by configuring essential model parameters. Alvin allows to run and compare multiple simulation instances simultaneously. We exemplified the use of Alvin for research by identifying unknown dependencies in published experimental data. Employing a detailed questionnaire, we showed the benefits of Alvin for education. We postulate that interactive, visual simulation of theoretical models, as we have implemented with Alvin on respiratory processes in the alveolus, can be of great help for communication between specialists and thereby advancing research.

  @article{Schmid:2022aa, abstract = {In interdisciplinary fields such as systems biology, good communication between experimentalists and theorists is crucial for the success of a project. Theoretical modeling in physiology usually describes complex systems with many interdependencies. On one hand, these models have to be grounded on experimental data. On the other hand, experimenters must be able to understand the interdependent complexities of the theoretical model in order to interpret the model's results in the physiological context. We promote interactive, visual simulations as an engaging way to present theoretical models in physiology and to make complex processes tangible. Based on a requirements analysis, we developed a new model for gas exchange in the human alveolus in combination with an interactive simulation software named Alvin. Alvin exceeds the current standard with its spatio-temporal resolution and a combination of visual and quantitative feedback. In Alvin, the course of the simulation can be traced in a three-dimensional rendering of an alveolus and dynamic plots. The user can interact by configuring essential model parameters. Alvin allows to run and compare multiple simulation instances simultaneously. We exemplified the use of Alvin for research by identifying unknown dependencies in published experimental data. Employing a detailed questionnaire, we showed the benefits of Alvin for education. We postulate that interactive, visual simulation of theoretical models, as we have implemented with Alvin on respiratory processes in the alveolus, can be of great help for communication between specialists and thereby advancing research.}, author = {Schmid, Kerstin and Knote, Andreas and M{\"u}ck, Alexander and Pfeiffer, Keram and von Mammen, Sebastian and Fischer, Sabine C.}, journal = {Frontiers in Bioinformatics}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Interactive, Visual Simulation of a Spatio-Temporal Model of Gas Exchange in the Human Alveolus}, volume = 1, year = 2022 }
• {Real-Time Music-Driven Movie Design Framework}. Hofmann, Sarah; Seeger, Maximilian; Rogge-Pott, Henning; Mammen, Sebastian von. In Workshop on Intelligent Cinematography and Editing, R. Ronfard, H.-Y. Wu (eds.). The Eurographics Association, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{10.2312:wiced.20221052, author = {Hofmann, Sarah and Seeger, Maximilian and Rogge-Pott, Henning and Mammen, Sebastian von}, booktitle = {Workshop on Intelligent Cinematography and Editing}, editor = {Ronfard, Rémi and Wu, Hui-Yin}, keywords = {myown}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association}, title = {{Real-Time Music-Driven Movie Design Framework}}, year = 2022 }
• Multimodale KI zur Unterstützung geschichtswissenschaftlicher Quellenkritik – Ein Forschungsaufriss. Münster, Sander; Bruschke, Jonas; Kröber, Cindy; Hoppe, Stephan; Maiwald, Ferdinand; Niebling, Florian; Pattee, Aaron; Utescher, Ronja; Zarriess, Sina. In DHd2022: Kulturen des digitalen Gedächtnisses, pp. 179–182. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{mnster2022multimodale, author = {Münster, Sander and Bruschke, Jonas and Kröber, Cindy and Hoppe, Stephan and Maiwald, Ferdinand and Niebling, Florian and Pattee, Aaron and Utescher, Ronja and Zarriess, Sina}, booktitle = {DHd2022: Kulturen des digitalen Gedächtnisses}, keywords = {histstadt4d}, pages = {179–182}, title = {Multimodale KI zur Unterstützung geschichtswissenschaftlicher Quellenkritik – Ein Forschungsaufriss}, type = {Conference Proceedings}, year = 2022 }
• Minimum Rectilinear Polygons for Given Angle Sequences. Evans, William S.; Fleszar, Krzysztof; Kindermann, Philipp; Saeedi, Noushin; Shin, Chan-Su; Wolff, Alexander. In Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications, 100(101820), pp. 1–39. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  A rectilinear polygon is a simple polygon whose edges are axis-aligned. Walking counterclockwise on the boundary of such a polygon yields a sequence of left turns and right turns. The number of left turns always equals the number of right turns plus four. It is known that any such sequence can be realized by a rectilinear polygon. \par In this paper, we consider the problem of finding realizations that minimize the perimeter or the area of the polygon or the area of the bounding box of the polygon. We show that all three problems are NP-hard in general. This answers an open question of Patrignani [CGTA 2001], who showed that it is NP-hard to minimize the area of the bounding box of an orthogonal drawing of a given planar graph. We also show that realizing a polyline within a bounding box of minimum area (or within a fixed given rectangle) is NP-hard. Then we consider the special cases of x-monotone and xy-monotone rectilinear polygons. For these, we can optimize the three objectives efficiently.

  @article{efkssw-mrpga-CGTA22, abstract = {A rectilinear polygon is a simple polygon whose edges are axis-aligned. Walking counterclockwise on the boundary of such a polygon yields a sequence of left turns and right turns. The number of left turns always equals the number of right turns plus four. It is known that any such sequence can be realized by a rectilinear polygon. \par In this paper, we consider the problem of finding realizations that minimize the perimeter or the area of the polygon or the area of the bounding box of the polygon. We show that all three problems are NP-hard in general. This answers an open question of Patrignani [CGTA 2001], who showed that it is NP-hard to minimize the area of the bounding box of an orthogonal drawing of a given planar graph. We also show that realizing a polyline within a bounding box of minimum area (or within a fixed given rectangle) is NP-hard. Then we consider the special cases of x-monotone and xy-monotone rectilinear polygons. For these, we can optimize the three objectives efficiently.}, author = {Evans, William S. and Fleszar, Krzysztof and Kindermann, Philipp and Saeedi, Noushin and Shin, Chan-Su and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications}, keywords = {myown}, number = 101820, pages = {1–39}, title = {Minimum Rectilinear Polygons for Given Angle Sequences}, volume = 100, year = 2022 }
• CortexVR: Immersive analysis and training of cognitive executive functions of soccer players using virtual reality and machine learning. Krupitzer, Christian; Naber, Jens; Stauffert, Jan-Philipp; Mayer, Jan; Spielmann, Jan; Ehmann, Paul; Boci, Noel; Bürkle, Maurice; Ho, André; Komorek, Clemens; Heinickel, Felix; Kounev, Samuel; Becker, Christian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Psychology, 13. Frontiers, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Goal: This paper presents an immersive Virtual Reality (VR) system to analyze and train Executive Functions (EFs) of soccer players. EFs are important cognitive functions for athletes. They are a relevant quality that distinguishes amateurs from professionals. Method: The system is based on immersive technology, hence, the user interacts naturally and experiences a training session in a virtual world. The proposed system has a modular design supporting the extension of various so-called game modes. Game modes combine selected game mechanics with specific simulation content to target particular training aspects. The system architecture decouples selection/parameterization and analysis of training sessions via a coaching app from an Unity3D-based VR simulation core. Monitoring of user performance and progress is recorded by a database that sends the necessary feedback to the coaching app for analysis. Results: The system is tested for VR-critical performance criteria to reveal the usefulness of a new interaction paradigm in the cognitive training and analysis of EFs. Subjective ratings for overall usability show that the design as VR application enhances the user experience compared to a traditional desktop app; whereas the new, unfamiliar interaction paradigm does not negatively impact the effort for using the application. Conclusion: The system can provide immersive training of EF in a fully virtual environment, eliminating potential distraction. It further provides an easy-to-use analyzes tool to compare user but also an automatic, adaptive training mode.

  @article{krupitzer2022cortexvr, abstract = {Goal: This paper presents an immersive Virtual Reality (VR) system to analyze and train Executive Functions (EFs) of soccer players. EFs are important cognitive functions for athletes. They are a relevant quality that distinguishes amateurs from professionals. Method: The system is based on immersive technology, hence, the user interacts naturally and experiences a training session in a virtual world. The proposed system has a modular design supporting the extension of various so-called game modes. Game modes combine selected game mechanics with specific simulation content to target particular training aspects. The system architecture decouples selection/parameterization and analysis of training sessions via a coaching app from an Unity3D-based VR simulation core. Monitoring of user performance and progress is recorded by a database that sends the necessary feedback to the coaching app for analysis. Results: The system is tested for VR-critical performance criteria to reveal the usefulness of a new interaction paradigm in the cognitive training and analysis of EFs. Subjective ratings for overall usability show that the design as VR application enhances the user experience compared to a traditional desktop app; whereas the new, unfamiliar interaction paradigm does not negatively impact the effort for using the application. Conclusion: The system can provide immersive training of EF in a fully virtual environment, eliminating potential distraction. It further provides an easy-to-use analyzes tool to compare user but also an automatic, adaptive training mode.}, author = {Krupitzer, Christian and Naber, Jens and Stauffert, Jan-Philipp and Mayer, Jan and Spielmann, Jan and Ehmann, Paul and Boci, Noel and Bürkle, Maurice and Ho, André and Komorek, Clemens and Heinickel, Felix and Kounev, Samuel and Becker, Christian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology}, keywords = {own}, publisher = {Frontiers}, title = {CortexVR: Immersive analysis and training of cognitive executive functions of soccer players using virtual reality and machine learning}, volume = 13, year = 2022 }
• Usability and User Experience of Virtual Objects Supporting Learning and Communicating in Virtual Reality. Hein, Rebecca; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Mensch und Computer 2022 - Tagungsband, B. Pfleging, K. Gerling, S. Mayer (eds.), pp. 510–514. ACM, New York, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This study aims to evaluate the usability and user experience of the InteractionSuitecase. This is a collection of virtual objects that have cultural connotations (associated with German or Anglo-American culture). They are intended to promote communication about cultural differences and similarities in English lessons at German schools. They are thus part of a didactic concept for using social VR for trans- and intercultural learning. Future teacher used the virtual objects during a practical seminar and rated them as useful. Further they associates a positive user experience. Since the virtual objects should encourage communication, the sense of connectedness instead of isolation is a very important results. The results proved the readiness of the InteractionSuitcase for further pedagogical applications.

  @inproceedings{mci/Hein2022, abstract = {This study aims to evaluate the usability and user experience of the InteractionSuitecase. This is a collection of virtual objects that have cultural connotations (associated with German or Anglo-American culture). They are intended to promote communication about cultural differences and similarities in English lessons at German schools. They are thus part of a didactic concept for using social VR for trans- and intercultural learning. Future teacher used the virtual objects during a practical seminar and rated them as useful. Further they associates a positive user experience. Since the virtual objects should encourage communication, the sense of connectedness instead of isolation is a very important results. The results proved the readiness of the InteractionSuitcase for further pedagogical applications.}, address = {New York}, author = {Hein, Rebecca and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {Mensch und Computer 2022 - Tagungsband}, editor = {Pfleging, Bastian and Gerling, Kathrin and Mayer, Sven}, keywords = {coteach}, pages = {510-514}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Usability and User Experience of Virtual Objects Supporting Learning and Communicating in Virtual Reality}, year = 2022 }
• Remote at Court – Challenges and Solutions of Video Conferencing in the Judicial System. Wienrich, Carolin; Fries, Lennart; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings 25th HCI International Conference, Vol. Design, Operation and Evaluation of Mobile Communications, pp. 82–106. Springer, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{wienrich2022remote, author = {Wienrich, Carolin and Fries, Lennart and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings 25th HCI International Conference}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, pages = {82-106}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Remote at Court – Challenges and Solutions of Video Conferencing in the Judicial System}, volume = {Design, Operation and Evaluation of Mobile Communications}, year = 2022 }
• Classroom management competency enhancement for student teachers using a fully immersive virtual classroom. Seufert, Christian; Oberd{ö}rfer, Sebastian; Roth, Alice; Grafe, Silke; Lugrin, Jean-Luc; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Computers & Education, 179, p. 104410. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The purpose of this study is to examine whether pre-service teachers studying classroom management (CM) in a virtual reality (VR)-supported setting enhance their CM competencies more than students do in a setting using conventional methods. With this aim in mind and to address a lack of available situations of practicing and reflecting CM competencies besides simply gaining theoretical knowledge about CM in education, we integrated a novel fully immersive VR application in selected CM courses. We evaluated the development of self-assessed and instructor-rated CM competencies and the learning quality in the different learning conditions. Additionally, we evaluated the presence, social presence, believability and utility of the VR application and the VR-assisted and video-assisted course. Participants were pre-service teachers (n = 55) of the University of W{ü}rzburg who participated in a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test intervention. The students were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: the test group used the virtual classroom Breaking Bad Behaviors (BBB) during the term (n = 39), and the comparison group's learning was video-assisted (n = 16). The instructor rating shows significant differences between the VR group and the video group, the two points of measurement and for the interaction between the condition and time of measurement. It demonstrates a highly significant improvement in CM competencies in the VR setting between the pre-test and post-test (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.06) as compared to the video-based setting. The participants of the VR setting themselves rated their CM competencies in the post-test significantly higher than in the pre-test (p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.39). Interestingly, the video group also rated themselves better in the post-test (p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.67), which reveals that self-assessment and external assessment show different results. In addition, we observed that even if both groups gained similar theoretical knowledge, the CM competencies developed to a greater degree in the VR-based settings. The participants rated the CM training system a useful tool to evaluate and reflect on individual teacher actions. Its immersion contributes to a high presence and the simulation of realistic scenarios in a CM course. These findings suggest that VR-based settings can lead to a higher benefit in the enhancement of pre-service teachers' CM competencies.

  @article{seufert:2022n, abstract = {The purpose of this study is to examine whether pre-service teachers studying classroom management (CM) in a virtual reality (VR)-supported setting enhance their CM competencies more than students do in a setting using conventional methods. With this aim in mind and to address a lack of available situations of practicing and reflecting CM competencies besides simply gaining theoretical knowledge about CM in education, we integrated a novel fully immersive VR application in selected CM courses. We evaluated the development of self-assessed and instructor-rated CM competencies and the learning quality in the different learning conditions. Additionally, we evaluated the presence, social presence, believability and utility of the VR application and the VR-assisted and video-assisted course. Participants were pre-service teachers (n = 55) of the University of W{\"u}rzburg who participated in a quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test intervention. The students were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups: the test group used the virtual classroom Breaking Bad Behaviors (BBB) during the term (n = 39), and the comparison group's learning was video-assisted (n = 16). The instructor rating shows significant differences between the VR group and the video group, the two points of measurement and for the interaction between the condition and time of measurement. It demonstrates a highly significant improvement in CM competencies in the VR setting between the pre-test and post-test (p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 1.06) as compared to the video-based setting. The participants of the VR setting themselves rated their CM competencies in the post-test significantly higher than in the pre-test (p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.39). Interestingly, the video group also rated themselves better in the post-test (p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.67), which reveals that self-assessment and external assessment show different results. In addition, we observed that even if both groups gained similar theoretical knowledge, the CM competencies developed to a greater degree in the VR-based settings. The participants rated the CM training system a useful tool to evaluate and reflect on individual teacher actions. Its immersion contributes to a high presence and the simulation of realistic scenarios in a CM course. These findings suggest that VR-based settings can lead to a higher benefit in the enhancement of pre-service teachers' CM competencies.}, author = {Seufert, Christian and Oberd{\"o}rfer, Sebastian and Roth, Alice and Grafe, Silke and Lugrin, Jean-Luc and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Computers & Education}, keywords = {education}, pages = 104410, title = {Classroom management competency enhancement for student teachers using a fully immersive virtual classroom}, volume = 179, year = 2022 }
• Predicting Influential Higher-Order Patterns in Temporal Network Data. Gote, Christoph; Perri, Vincenzo; Scholtes, Ingo. In ASONAM, pp. 109–116. IEEE, 2022.
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  @inproceedings{conf/asunam/GotePS22, author = {Gote, Christoph and Perri, Vincenzo and Scholtes, Ingo}, booktitle = {ASONAM}, crossref = {conf/asunam/2022}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {109-116}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Predicting Influential Higher-Order Patterns in Temporal Network Data.}, year = 2022 }
• One Graph to Rule them All: Using NLP and Graph Neural Networks to analyse Tolkien’s Legendarium. Perri, Vincenzo; Qarkaxhija, Lisi; Zehe, Albin; Hotho, Andreas; Scholtes, Ingo. In CHR, Vol. 3290 of CEUR Workshop Proceedings, F. Karsdorp, K. L. Nielbo (eds.), pp. 291–317. CEUR-WS.org, 2022.
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  @inproceedings{conf/chr/PerriQZHS22, author = {Perri, Vincenzo and Qarkaxhija, Lisi and Zehe, Albin and Hotho, Andreas and Scholtes, Ingo}, booktitle = {CHR}, crossref = {conf/chr/2022}, editor = {Karsdorp, Folgert and Nielbo, Kristoffer L.}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {291-317}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, series = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, title = {One Graph to Rule them All: Using NLP and Graph Neural Networks to analyse Tolkien's Legendarium.}, volume = 3290, year = 2022 }
• De Bruijn goes Neural: Causality-Aware Graph Neural Networks for Time Series Data on Dynamic Graphs. Qarkaxhija, Lisi; Perri, Vincenzo; Scholtes, Ingo. In CoRR, abs/2209.08311. 2022.
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  @article{journals/corr/abs-2209-08311, author = {Qarkaxhija, Lisi and Perri, Vincenzo and Scholtes, Ingo}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = {myown}, title = {De Bruijn goes Neural: Causality-Aware Graph Neural Networks for Time Series Data on Dynamic Graphs.}, volume = {abs/2209.08311}, year = 2022 }
• {M}obile 3D scanning and mapping for freely rotating and vertically descended {LiDAR}. Arzberger, F.; Zevering, J.; Bredenbeck, A.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR ’22), pp. 122–129. Seville, Spain, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Situational awareness in search and rescue missions is key to successful operations, e.g., in collapsed buildings, underground mine shafts, construction sites, and underwater caves. LiDAR sensors in robotics play an increasingly important role in this context, as do robust and application-specific algorithms for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). In many of these scenarios mapping requires the utilization of a vertically descended scanning system. This work presents a mobile system designed to solve this task, including a SLAM approach for descended LiDAR sensors with small field of view (FoV), which are in uncontrolled rotation. The SLAM approach is based on planar polygon matching and is not limited to the presented scenario. We test the system by lowering it from a crane inside a tall building at a fire-fighter school, applying our offline SLAM approach, and comparing the resulting point clouds of the environment with ground truth maps acquired by a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). We also compare the SLAM approach to a state-of-the-art approach with respect to runtime and accuracy of the resulting maps. Our solution achieves comparable mapping accuracy at 0.2 of the runtime

  @inproceedings{SSRR2022, abstract = {Situational awareness in search and rescue missions is key to successful operations, e.g., in collapsed buildings, underground mine shafts, construction sites, and underwater caves. LiDAR sensors in robotics play an increasingly important role in this context, as do robust and application-specific algorithms for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). In many of these scenarios mapping requires the utilization of a vertically descended scanning system. This work presents a mobile system designed to solve this task, including a SLAM approach for descended LiDAR sensors with small field of view (FoV), which are in uncontrolled rotation. The SLAM approach is based on planar polygon matching and is not limited to the presented scenario. We test the system by lowering it from a crane inside a tall building at a fire-fighter school, applying our offline SLAM approach, and comparing the resulting point clouds of the environment with ground truth maps acquired by a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). We also compare the SLAM approach to a state-of-the-art approach with respect to runtime and accuracy of the resulting maps. Our solution achieves comparable mapping accuracy at 0.2 of the runtime}, address = {Seville, Spain}, author = {Arzberger, F. and Zevering, J. and Bredenbeck, A. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR '22)}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {122–129}, title = {{M}obile 3D scanning and mapping for freely rotating and vertically descended {LiDAR}}, year = 2022 }
• MiSim: A Simulator for Resilience Assessment of Microservice-based Architectures. Frank, Sebastian; Wagner, Lion; Hakamian, Alireza; Straesser, Martin; van Hoorn, Andre. In 2022 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security (QRS), pp. 1014–1025. IEEE, 2022.
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  Increased resilience compared to monolithic architectures is both one of the key promises of microservice-based architectures and a big challenge, e.g., due to the systems’ distributed nature. Resilience assessment through simulation requires fewer resources than the measurement-based techniques used in practice. However, there is no existing simulation approach that is suitable for a holistic resilience assessment of microservices comprised of (i) representative fault injections, (ii) common resilience mechanisms, and (iii) time-varying workloads. This paper presents MiSim — an extensible simulator for resilience assessment of microservice-based architectures. It overcomes the stated limitations of related work. MiSim fits resilience engineering practices by supporting scenario-based experiments and requiring only lightweight input models. We demonstrate how MiSim simulates (1) common resilience mechanisms — i.e., circuit breaker, connection limiter, retry, load balancer, and autoscaler — and (2) fault injections — i.e., instance/service killing and latency injections. In addition, we use TeaStore, a reference microservice-based architecture, aiming to reproduce scaling behavior from an experiment by using simulation. Our results show that MiSim allows for quantitative insights into microservice-based systems’ complex transient behavior by providing up to 25 metrics.

  @inproceedings{FrankWagnerHakamianStraesserVanHoorn2022MiSim, abstract = {Increased resilience compared to monolithic architectures is both one of the key promises of microservice-based architectures and a big challenge, e.g., due to the systems’ distributed nature. Resilience assessment through simulation requires fewer resources than the measurement-based techniques used in practice. However, there is no existing simulation approach that is suitable for a holistic resilience assessment of microservices comprised of (i) representative fault injections, (ii) common resilience mechanisms, and (iii) time-varying workloads. This paper presents MiSim — an extensible simulator for resilience assessment of microservice-based architectures. It overcomes the stated limitations of related work. MiSim fits resilience engineering practices by supporting scenario-based experiments and requiring only lightweight input models. We demonstrate how MiSim simulates (1) common resilience mechanisms — i.e., circuit breaker, connection limiter, retry, load balancer, and autoscaler — and (2) fault injections — i.e., instance/service killing and latency injections. In addition, we use TeaStore, a reference microservice-based architecture, aiming to reproduce scaling behavior from an experiment by using simulation. Our results show that MiSim allows for quantitative insights into microservice-based systems’ complex transient behavior by providing up to 25 metrics.}, author = {Frank, Sebastian and Wagner, Lion and Hakamian, Alireza and Straesser, Martin and van Hoorn, Andre}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security (QRS)}, keywords = {resilience}, pages = {1014-1025}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {MiSim: A Simulator for Resilience Assessment of Microservice-based Architectures}, year = 2022 }
• A Machine Learning-based Workflow for Automatic Detection of Anomalies in Machine Tools. Züfle, Marwin; Moog, Felix; Lesch, Veronika; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In ISA Transactions: The Journal of Automation, 125, pp. 445–458. 2022.
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  Despite the increased sensor-based data collection in Industry 4.0, the practical use of this data is still in its infancy. In contrast, academic literature provides several approaches to detect machine failures but, in most cases, relies on simulations and vast amounts of training data. Since it is often not practical to collect such amounts of data in an industrial context, we propose an approach to detect the current production mode and machine degradation states on a comparably small data set. Our approach integrates domain knowledge about manufacturing systems into a highly generalizable end-to-end workflow ranging from raw data processing, phase segmentation, data resampling, and feature extraction to machine tool anomaly detection. The workflow applies unsupervised clustering techniques to identify the current production mode and supervised classification models for detecting the present degradation. A resampling strategy and classical machine learning models enable the workflow to handle small data sets and distinguish between normal and abnormal machine tool behavior. To the best of our knowledge, there exists no such end-to-end workflow in the literature that uses the entire machine signal as input to identify anomalies for individual tools. Our evaluation with data from a real multi-purpose machine shows that the proposed workflow detects anomalies with an average F1-score of almost 93%.

  @article{zuefle2021anomalydetection, abstract = {Despite the increased sensor-based data collection in Industry 4.0, the practical use of this data is still in its infancy. In contrast, academic literature provides several approaches to detect machine failures but, in most cases, relies on simulations and vast amounts of training data. Since it is often not practical to collect such amounts of data in an industrial context, we propose an approach to detect the current production mode and machine degradation states on a comparably small data set. Our approach integrates domain knowledge about manufacturing systems into a highly generalizable end-to-end workflow ranging from raw data processing, phase segmentation, data resampling, and feature extraction to machine tool anomaly detection. The workflow applies unsupervised clustering techniques to identify the current production mode and supervised classification models for detecting the present degradation. A resampling strategy and classical machine learning models enable the workflow to handle small data sets and distinguish between normal and abnormal machine tool behavior. To the best of our knowledge, there exists no such end-to-end workflow in the literature that uses the entire machine signal as input to identify anomalies for individual tools. Our evaluation with data from a real multi-purpose machine shows that the proposed workflow detects anomalies with an average F1-score of almost 93%.}, author = {Züfle, Marwin and Moog, Felix and Lesch, Veronika and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {ISA Transactions: The Journal of Automation}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, pages = {445-458}, title = {A Machine Learning-based Workflow for Automatic Detection of Anomalies in Machine Tools}, volume = 125, year = 2022 }
• New concept for colonoscopy including side optics and artificial intelligence. Troya, Joel; Krenzer, Adrian; Flisikowski, Krzysztof; Sudarevic, Boban; Banck, Michael; Hann, Alexander; Puppe, Frank; Meining, Alexander. In Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 95(4), pp. 794–798. Elsevier, 2022.
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  @article{troya2022new, author = {Troya, Joel and Krenzer, Adrian and Flisikowski, Krzysztof and Sudarevic, Boban and Banck, Michael and Hann, Alexander and Puppe, Frank and Meining, Alexander}, journal = {Gastrointestinal Endoscopy}, keywords = {banck}, number = 4, pages = {794–798}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {New concept for colonoscopy including side optics and artificial intelligence}, volume = 95, year = 2022 }
• Bounding and Computing Obstacle Numbers of Graphs. Balko, Martin; Chaplick, Steven; Ganian, Robert; Gupta, Siddharth; Hoffmann, Michael; Valtr, Pavel; Wolff, Alexander. In Proc. 30th Europ. Symp. Algorithms (ESA), Vol. 244 of LIPIcs, S. Chechik, G. Navarro, E. Rotenberg, G. Herman (eds.), pp. 11:1–13. Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{bcghvw-bcong-ESA22, author = {Balko, Martin and Chaplick, Steven and Ganian, Robert and Gupta, Siddharth and Hoffmann, Michael and Valtr, Pavel and Wolff, Alexander}, booktitle = {Proc. 30th Europ. Symp. Algorithms (ESA)}, editor = {Chechik, Shiri and Navarro, Gonzalo and Rotenberg, Eva and Herman, Grzegorz}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {11:1–13}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik}, series = {LIPIcs}, title = {Bounding and Computing Obstacle Numbers of Graphs}, volume = 244, year = 2022 }
• Embodied Gambling–Investigating the Influence of Level of Embodiment, Avatar Appearance, and Virtual Environment Design on an Online VR Slot Machine. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Schraudt, David; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3. 2022.
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  Slot machines are one of the most played games by players suffering from gambling disorder. New technologies like immersive Virtual Reality (VR) offer more possibilities to exploit erroneous beliefs in the context of gambling. Recent research indicates a higher risk potential when playing a slot machine in VR than on desktop. To continue this investigation, we evaluate the effects of providing different degrees of embodiment, i.e., minimal and full embodiment. The avatars used for the full embodiment further differ in their appearance, i.e., they elicit a high or a low socio-economic status. The virtual environment (VE) design can cause a potential influence on the overall gambling behavior. Thus, we also embed the slot machine in two different VEs that differ in their emotional design: a colorful underwater playground environment and a virtual counterpart of our lab. These design considerations resulted in four different versions of the same VR slot machine: 1) full embodiment with high socio-economic status, 2) full embodiment with low socio-economic status, 3) minimal embodiment playground VE, and 4) minimal embodiment laboratory VE. Both full embodiment versions also used the playground VE. We determine the risk potential by logging gambling frequency as well as stake size, and measuring harm-inducing factors, i.e., dissociation, urge to gamble, dark flow, and illusion of control, using questionnaires. Following a between groups experimental design, 82 participants played for 20 game rounds one of the four versions. We recruited our sample from the students enrolled at the University of Würzburg. Our safety protocol ensured that only participants without any recent gambling activity took part in the experiment. In this comparative user study, we found no effect of the embodiment nor VE design on neither the gambling frequency, stake sizes, nor risk potential. However, our results provide further support for the hypothesis of the higher visual angle on gambling stimuli and hence the increased emotional response being the true cause for the higher risk potential.

  @article{oberdorfer2022embodied, abstract = {Slot machines are one of the most played games by players suffering from gambling disorder. New technologies like immersive Virtual Reality (VR) offer more possibilities to exploit erroneous beliefs in the context of gambling. Recent research indicates a higher risk potential when playing a slot machine in VR than on desktop. To continue this investigation, we evaluate the effects of providing different degrees of embodiment, i.e., minimal and full embodiment. The avatars used for the full embodiment further differ in their appearance, i.e., they elicit a high or a low socio-economic status. The virtual environment (VE) design can cause a potential influence on the overall gambling behavior. Thus, we also embed the slot machine in two different VEs that differ in their emotional design: a colorful underwater playground environment and a virtual counterpart of our lab. These design considerations resulted in four different versions of the same VR slot machine: 1) full embodiment with high socio-economic status, 2) full embodiment with low socio-economic status, 3) minimal embodiment playground VE, and 4) minimal embodiment laboratory VE. Both full embodiment versions also used the playground VE. We determine the risk potential by logging gambling frequency as well as stake size, and measuring harm-inducing factors, i.e., dissociation, urge to gamble, dark flow, and illusion of control, using questionnaires. Following a between groups experimental design, 82 participants played for 20 game rounds one of the four versions. We recruited our sample from the students enrolled at the University of Würzburg. Our safety protocol ensured that only participants without any recent gambling activity took part in the experiment. In this comparative user study, we found no effect of the embodiment nor VE design on neither the gambling frequency, stake sizes, nor risk potential. However, our results provide further support for the hypothesis of the higher visual angle on gambling stimuli and hence the increased emotional response being the true cause for the higher risk potential.}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Schraudt, David and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {myown}, title = {Embodied Gambling–Investigating the Influence of Level of Embodiment, Avatar Appearance, and Virtual Environment Design on an Online VR Slot Machine}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• Designing Social Robots’ Speech in the Hotel Context-A Series of Online Studies. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lein, Martina; Donnermann, Melissa; Lugrin, Birgit. In 2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), pp. 163–170. IEEE, 2022.
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  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2022designing, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lein, Martina and Donnermann, Melissa and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)}, keywords = {lein}, organization = {IEEE}, pages = {163-170}, title = {Designing Social Robots' Speech in the Hotel Context-A Series of Online Studies}, year = 2022 }
• Leveraging Kubernetes Source Code for Performance Simulation. Straesser, Martin; Haas, Patrick. 2022.
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  • [ URL ]
  @presentation{straesser2022leveraging, author = {Straesser, Martin and Haas, Patrick}, keywords = {container_orchestration}, title = {Leveraging Kubernetes Source Code for Performance Simulation}, year = 2022 }
• The Effects of Avatar and Environment Design on Embodiment, Presence, Activation, and Task Load in a Virtual Reality Exercise Application. Bartl, Andrea; Merz, Christian; Roth, Daniel; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR). 2022.
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  ABSTRACT The development of embodied Virtual Reality (VR) systems involves multiple central design choices. These design choices affect the user perception and therefore require thorough consideration. This article reports on two user studies investigating the influence of common design choices on relevant intermediate factors (sense of embodiment, presence, motivation, activation, and task load) in a VR application for physical exercises. The first study manipulated the avatar fidelity (abstract, partial body vs. anthropomorphic, full-body) and the environment (with vs. without mirror). The second study manipulated the avatar type (healthy vs. injured) and the environment type (beach vs. hospital) and, hence, the avatar-environment congruence. The full-body avatar significantly increased the sense of embodiment and decreased mental demand. Interestingly, the mirror did not influence the dependent variables. The injured avatar significantly increased the temporal demand. The beach environment significantly reduced the tense activation. On the beach, participants felt more present in the incongruent condition embodying the injured avatar.

  @inproceedings{bartl2022effects, abstract = {ABSTRACT The development of embodied Virtual Reality (VR) systems involves multiple central design choices. These design choices affect the user perception and therefore require thorough consideration. This article reports on two user studies investigating the influence of common design choices on relevant intermediate factors (sense of embodiment, presence, motivation, activation, and task load) in a VR application for physical exercises. The first study manipulated the avatar fidelity (abstract, partial body vs. anthropomorphic, full-body) and the environment (with vs. without mirror). The second study manipulated the avatar type (healthy vs. injured) and the environment type (beach vs. hospital) and, hence, the avatar-environment congruence. The full-body avatar significantly increased the sense of embodiment and decreased mental demand. Interestingly, the mirror did not influence the dependent variables. The injured avatar significantly increased the temporal demand. The beach environment significantly reduced the tense activation. On the beach, participants felt more present in the incongruent condition embodying the injured avatar.}, author = {Bartl, Andrea and Merz, Christian and Roth, Daniel and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {merz}, title = {The Effects of Avatar and Environment Design on Embodiment, Presence, Activation, and Task Load in a Virtual Reality Exercise Application}, year = 2022 }
• {KINECT BACKPACK FOR RAPID MOBILE INDOOR MAPPING}. Bleier, M.; van der Lucht, J.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the ISPRS Congress 2022, of ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, pp. 121–127. Nice, France, 2022.
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  In recent years, 3D surveying using mobile mapping has become increasingly popular. Handheld or backpack mounted systems resulted in new uses and applications because they enable fast data acquisition in areas that are difficult to access. Many of these applications do not require high-precision measurement, but they often involve highly complex environments. In this paper, we present a mobile mapping backpack based on four Microsoft Kinect RGB-D sensors and an Intel T265 tracking camera. The data processing takes place in three steps. Starting with a first trajectory and map created using visual-inertial odometry, which is subsequently optimized by means of a continuous-time ICP. Finally, the trajectory is further improved by a continuous-time SLAM approach. In this work, a data set was recorded and analyzed in a bunker facility with the system carried at a walking speed of approximately 0.7 meters per second. For the evaluation, these data are compared with a reference data set, recorded with a Riegl VZ-400 laser scanner.

  @inproceedings{ISPRSCongress2022, abstract = {In recent years, 3D surveying using mobile mapping has become increasingly popular. Handheld or backpack mounted systems resulted in new uses and applications because they enable fast data acquisition in areas that are difficult to access. Many of these applications do not require high-precision measurement, but they often involve highly complex environments. In this paper, we present a mobile mapping backpack based on four Microsoft Kinect RGB-D sensors and an Intel T265 tracking camera. The data processing takes place in three steps. Starting with a first trajectory and map created using visual-inertial odometry, which is subsequently optimized by means of a continuous-time ICP. Finally, the trajectory is further improved by a continuous-time SLAM approach. In this work, a data set was recorded and analyzed in a bunker facility with the system carried at a walking speed of approximately 0.7 meters per second. For the evaluation, these data are compared with a reference data set, recorded with a Riegl VZ-400 laser scanner.}, address = {Nice, France}, author = {Bleier, M. and van der Lucht, J. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the ISPRS Congress 2022}, keywords = {myown}, number = {V-1-2022}, pages = {121–127}, series = {ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences}, title = {{KINECT BACKPACK FOR RAPID MOBILE INDOOR MAPPING}}, year = 2022 }
• Layered drawing of undirected graphs with generalized port constraints. Zink, Johannes; Walter, Julian; Baumeister, Joachim; Wolff, Alexander. In Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications, 105-106, p. 101886. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The aim of this research is a practical method to draw cable plans of complex machines. Such plans consist of electronic components and cables connecting specific ports of the components. Since the machines are configured for each client individually, cable plans need to be drawn automatically. The drawings must be well readable so that technicians can use them to debug the machines. In order to model plug sockets, we introduce port groups; within a group, ports can change their position (which we use to improve the aesthetics of the layout), but together the ports of a group must form a contiguous block. We approach the problem of drawing such cable plans by extending the well-known Sugiyama framework such that it incorporates ports and port groups. Since the framework assumes directed graphs, we propose several ways to orient the edges of the given undirected graph. We compare these methods experimentally, both on real-world data and synthetic data that carefully simulates real-world data. We measure the aesthetics of the resulting drawings by counting bends and crossings. Using these metrics, we experimentally compare our approach to Kieler JVLC 2014, a library for drawing graphs in the presence of port constraints. Our method produced 10--30 \% fewer crossings, while it performed equally well or slightly worse than Kieler with respect to the number of bends and the time used to compute a drawing.

  @article{ZINK2022101886, abstract = {The aim of this research is a practical method to draw cable plans of complex machines. Such plans consist of electronic components and cables connecting specific ports of the components. Since the machines are configured for each client individually, cable plans need to be drawn automatically. The drawings must be well readable so that technicians can use them to debug the machines. In order to model plug sockets, we introduce port groups; within a group, ports can change their position (which we use to improve the aesthetics of the layout), but together the ports of a group must form a contiguous block. We approach the problem of drawing such cable plans by extending the well-known Sugiyama framework such that it incorporates ports and port groups. Since the framework assumes directed graphs, we propose several ways to orient the edges of the given undirected graph. We compare these methods experimentally, both on real-world data and synthetic data that carefully simulates real-world data. We measure the aesthetics of the resulting drawings by counting bends and crossings. Using these metrics, we experimentally compare our approach to Kieler JVLC 2014, a library for drawing graphs in the presence of port constraints. Our method produced 10–30 \% fewer crossings, while it performed equally well or slightly worse than Kieler with respect to the number of bends and the time used to compute a drawing.}, author = {Zink, Johannes and Walter, Julian and Baumeister, Joachim and Wolff, Alexander}, journal = {Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications}, keywords = {myown}, pages = 101886, title = {Layered drawing of undirected graphs with generalized port constraints}, volume = {105-106}, year = 2022 }
• An approach for monitoring temperature on fruit surface by means of thermal point cloud. Tsoulias, N.; Jörissen, S.; N{ü}chter, A. In MethodsX, 9, p. 101712. 2022.
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  • [ URL ]
  Heat and excessive solar radiation can produce abiotic stresses during apple maturation, resulting fruit quality. Therefore, the monitoring of temperature on fruit surface (FST) over the growing period can allow to identify thresholds, above of which several physiological disorders such as sunburn may occur in apple. The current approaches neglect spatial variation of FST and have reduced repeatability, resulting in unreliable predictions. In this study, LiDAR laser scanning and thermal imaging were employed to detect the temperature on fruit surface by means of 3D point cloud. A process for calibrating the two sensors based on an active board target and producing a 3D thermal point cloud was suggested. After calibration, the sensor system was utilised to scan the fruit trees, while temperature values assigned in the corresponding 3D point cloud were based on the extrinsic calibration. Whereas a fruit detection algorithm was performed in order to segment the FST from each apple.•The approach allows the calibration of LiDAR laser scanner with thermal camera in order to produce a 3D thermal point cloud.•The method can be applied in apple trees for segmenting FST in 3D. Whereas the approach can be utilised to predict several physiological disorders including sunburn on fruit surface.

  @article{METHODSX2022, abstract = {Heat and excessive solar radiation can produce abiotic stresses during apple maturation, resulting fruit quality. Therefore, the monitoring of temperature on fruit surface (FST) over the growing period can allow to identify thresholds, above of which several physiological disorders such as sunburn may occur in apple. The current approaches neglect spatial variation of FST and have reduced repeatability, resulting in unreliable predictions. In this study, LiDAR laser scanning and thermal imaging were employed to detect the temperature on fruit surface by means of 3D point cloud. A process for calibrating the two sensors based on an active board target and producing a 3D thermal point cloud was suggested. After calibration, the sensor system was utilised to scan the fruit trees, while temperature values assigned in the corresponding 3D point cloud were based on the extrinsic calibration. Whereas a fruit detection algorithm was performed in order to segment the FST from each apple.•The approach allows the calibration of LiDAR laser scanner with thermal camera in order to produce a 3D thermal point cloud.•The method can be applied in apple trees for segmenting FST in 3D. Whereas the approach can be utilised to predict several physiological disorders including sunburn on fruit surface.}, author = {Tsoulias, N. and Jörissen, S. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {MethodsX}, keywords = {author}, pages = 101712, title = {An approach for monitoring temperature on fruit surface by means of thermal point cloud}, volume = 9, year = 2022 }
• On Learning Hierarchical Embeddings from Encrypted Network Traffic. Wehner, Nikolas; Ring, Markus; Sch{{ü}}ler, Joshua; Hotho, Andreas; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In 2022 {IEEE/IFIP} Network Operations and Management Symposium, {NOMS} 2022, Budapest, Hungary, April 25-29, 2022, pp. 1–7. {IEEE}, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{DBLP:conf/noms/WehnerRSHHS22, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Ring, Markus and Sch{\"{u}}ler, Joshua and Hotho, Andreas and Ho{\ss}feld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {2022 {IEEE/IFIP} Network Operations and Management Symposium, {NOMS} 2022, Budapest, Hungary, April 25-29, 2022}, keywords = 2022, pages = {1–7}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {On Learning Hierarchical Embeddings from Encrypted Network Traffic}, year = 2022 }
• On Background Bias in Deep Metric Learning. Kobs, Konstantin; Hotho, Andreas. In CoRR, abs/2210.01615. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2210-01615, author = {Kobs, Konstantin and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2022, title = {On Background Bias in Deep Metric Learning}, volume = {abs/2210.01615}, year = 2022 }
• CLIP knows image aesthetics. Hentschel, Simon; Kobs, Konstantin; Hotho, Andreas. In Frontiers in artificial intelligence, 5, p. 976235. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Most Image Aesthetic Assessment (IAA) methods use a pretrained ImageNet classification model as a base to fine-tune. We hypothesize that content classification is not an optimal pretraining task for IAA, since the task discourages the extraction of features that are useful for IAA, e.g., composition, lighting, or style. On the other hand, we argue that the Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) model is a better base for IAA models, since it has been trained using natural language supervision. Due to the rich nature of language, CLIP needs to learn a broad range of image features that correlate with sentences describing the image content, composition, environments, and even subjective feelings about the image. While it has been shown that CLIP extracts features useful for content classification tasks, its suitability for tasks that require the extraction of style-based features like IAA has not yet been shown. We test our hypothesis by conducting a three-step study, investigating the usefulness of features extracted by CLIP compared to features obtained from the last layer of a comparable ImageNet classification model. In each step, we get more computationally expensive. First, we engineer natural language prompts that let CLIP assess an image's aesthetic without adjusting any weights in the model. To overcome the challenge that CLIP's prompting only is applicable to classification tasks, we propose a simple but effective strategy to convert multiple prompts to a continuous scalar as required when predicting an image's mean aesthetic score. Second, we train a linear regression on the AVA dataset using image features obtained by CLIP's image encoder. The resulting model outperforms a linear regression trained on features from an ImageNet classification model. It also shows competitive performance with fully fine-tuned networks based on ImageNet, while only training a single layer. Finally, by fine-tuning CLIP's image encoder on the AVA dataset, we show that CLIP only needs a fraction of training epochs to converge, while also performing better than a fine-tuned ImageNet model. Overall, our experiments suggest that CLIP is better suited as a base model for IAA methods than ImageNet pretrained networks.

  @article{PMID:36504688, abstract = {Most Image Aesthetic Assessment (IAA) methods use a pretrained ImageNet classification model as a base to fine-tune. We hypothesize that content classification is not an optimal pretraining task for IAA, since the task discourages the extraction of features that are useful for IAA, e.g., composition, lighting, or style. On the other hand, we argue that the Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) model is a better base for IAA models, since it has been trained using natural language supervision. Due to the rich nature of language, CLIP needs to learn a broad range of image features that correlate with sentences describing the image content, composition, environments, and even subjective feelings about the image. While it has been shown that CLIP extracts features useful for content classification tasks, its suitability for tasks that require the extraction of style-based features like IAA has not yet been shown. We test our hypothesis by conducting a three-step study, investigating the usefulness of features extracted by CLIP compared to features obtained from the last layer of a comparable ImageNet classification model. In each step, we get more computationally expensive. First, we engineer natural language prompts that let CLIP assess an image's aesthetic without adjusting any weights in the model. To overcome the challenge that CLIP's prompting only is applicable to classification tasks, we propose a simple but effective strategy to convert multiple prompts to a continuous scalar as required when predicting an image's mean aesthetic score. Second, we train a linear regression on the AVA dataset using image features obtained by CLIP's image encoder. The resulting model outperforms a linear regression trained on features from an ImageNet classification model. It also shows competitive performance with fully fine-tuned networks based on ImageNet, while only training a single layer. Finally, by fine-tuning CLIP's image encoder on the AVA dataset, we show that CLIP only needs a fraction of training epochs to converge, while also performing better than a fine-tuned ImageNet model. Overall, our experiments suggest that CLIP is better suited as a base model for IAA methods than ImageNet pretrained networks.}, author = {Hentschel, Simon and Kobs, Konstantin and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Frontiers in artificial intelligence}, keywords = 2022, pages = 976235, title = {CLIP knows image aesthetics}, volume = 5, year = 2022 }
• Comparison of Data Representations and Machine Learning Architectures for User Identification on Arbitrary Motion Sequences. Schell, Christian; Hotho, Andreas; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In CoRR, abs/2210.00527. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2210-00527, author = {Schell, Christian and Hotho, Andreas and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2022, title = {Comparison of Data Representations and Machine Learning Architectures for User Identification on Arbitrary Motion Sequences}, volume = {abs/2210.00527}, year = 2022 }
• The Impact of Different System Call Representations on Intrusion Detection. Wunderlich, Sarah; Ring, Markus; Landes, Dieter; Hotho, Andreas. In Log. J. {IGPL}, 30(2), pp. 239–251. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{DBLP:journals/igpl/WunderlichRLH22, author = {Wunderlich, Sarah and Ring, Markus and Landes, Dieter and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Log. J. {IGPL}}, keywords = 2022, number = 2, pages = {239–251}, title = {The Impact of Different System Call Representations on Intrusion Detection}, volume = 30, year = 2022 }
• Anomaly Detection in Beehives: An Algorithm Comparison. Davidson, Padraig; Steininger, Michael; Lautenschlager, Florian; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. In Sensor Networks, A. Ahrens, R. V. Prasad, C. Benavente-Peces, N. Ansari (eds.), pp. 1–20. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Sensor-equipped beehives allow monitoring the living conditions of bees. Machine learning models can use the data of such hives to learn behavioral patterns and find anomalous events. One type of event that is of particular interest to apiarists for economical reasons is bee swarming. Other events of interest are behavioral anomalies from illness and technical anomalies, e.g. sensor failure. Beekeepers can be supported by suitable machine learning models which can detect these events.

  @inproceedings{10.1007/978-3-031-17718-7_1, abstract = {Sensor-equipped beehives allow monitoring the living conditions of bees. Machine learning models can use the data of such hives to learn behavioral patterns and find anomalous events. One type of event that is of particular interest to apiarists for economical reasons is bee swarming. Other events of interest are behavioral anomalies from illness and technical anomalies, e.g. sensor failure. Beekeepers can be supported by suitable machine learning models which can detect these events.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Davidson, Padraig and Steininger, Michael and Lautenschlager, Florian and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Sensor Networks}, editor = {Ahrens, Andreas and Prasad, RangaRao Venkatesha and Benavente-Peces, C{\'e}sar and Ansari, Nirwan}, keywords = 2022, pages = {1–20}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Anomaly Detection in Beehives: An Algorithm Comparison}, year = 2022 }
• Hypergraph Representation via Axis-Aligned Point-Subspace Cover. Firman, Oksana; Spoerhase, Joachim. In Proc. 16th International Conference and Workshops on Algorithms and Computation (WALCOM’22), Vol. 13174, pp. 328–339. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{firman-spoerhase22:point-subspace-cover, author = {Firman, Oksana and Spoerhase, Joachim}, booktitle = {Proc. 16th International Conference and Workshops on Algorithms and Computation (WALCOM'22)}, keywords = {representation}, pages = {328–339}, title = {Hypergraph Representation via Axis-Aligned Point-Subspace Cover}, volume = 13174, year = 2022 }
• Joyful Adventures and Frightening Places - Designing Emotion-Inducing Virtual Environments. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; von Mammen, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Lugrin, Birgit. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{steinhaeusser2022joyful, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and von Mammen, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, title = {Joyful Adventures and Frightening Places - Designing Emotion-Inducing Virtual Environments}, year = 2022 }
• Self-Touch: An Immersive Interaction-Technique to Enhance Body Awareness. Keppler, Sebastian; Döllinger, Nina; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Israel, Johann Habakuk. In i-com, 21(3), pp. 329–337. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Physical well-being depends essentially on how the own body is perceived. A missing correspondence between the perception of one’s own body and reality can be distressing and eventually lead to mental illness. The touch of the own body is a multi-sensory experience to strengthen the feeling of the own body. We have developed an interaction technique that allows the self-touch of the own body in an immersive environment to support therapy procedures. Through additional visual feedback, we want to strengthen the feeling for the own body to achieve a sustainable effect in the own body perception. We conducted an expert evaluation to analyse the potential impact of our application and to localize and fix possible usability problems. The experts noted the ease of understanding and suitability of the interaction technique for increasing body awareness. However, the technical challenges such as stable and accurate body tracking were also mentioned. In addition, new ideas were given that would further support body awareness.

  @article{KepplerDöllingerWienrichLatoschikIsrael+2022+329+337, abstract = {Physical well-being depends essentially on how the own body is perceived. A missing correspondence between the perception of one’s own body and reality can be distressing and eventually lead to mental illness. The touch of the own body is a multi-sensory experience to strengthen the feeling of the own body. We have developed an interaction technique that allows the self-touch of the own body in an immersive environment to support therapy procedures. Through additional visual feedback, we want to strengthen the feeling for the own body to achieve a sustainable effect in the own body perception. We conducted an expert evaluation to analyse the potential impact of our application and to localize and fix possible usability problems. The experts noted the ease of understanding and suitability of the interaction technique for increasing body awareness. However, the technical challenges such as stable and accurate body tracking were also mentioned. In addition, new ideas were given that would further support body awareness.}, author = {Keppler, Sebastian and Döllinger, Nina and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Israel, Johann Habakuk}, journal = {i-com}, keywords = {vitras}, number = 3, pages = {329–337}, title = {Self-Touch: An Immersive Interaction-Technique to Enhance Body Awareness}, volume = 21, year = 2022 }
• Social Robots in Applied Settings: A Long-Term Study on Adaptive Robotic Tutors in Higher Education. Donnermann, Melissa; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit. In Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 9. Frontiers Media SA, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{Donnermann_2022, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Frontiers in Robotics and AI}, keywords = {mi}, publisher = {Frontiers Media SA}, title = {Social Robots in Applied Settings: A Long-Term Study on Adaptive Robotic Tutors in Higher Education}, volume = 9, year = 2022 }
• Designing Social Robots’ Speech in the Hotel Context-A Series of Online Studies. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lein, Martina; Donnermann, Melissa; Lugrin, Birgit. In 2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2022), pp. 163–170. IEEE, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2022designing, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lein, Martina and Donnermann, Melissa and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2022)}, keywords = {lein}, organization = {IEEE}, pages = {163-170}, title = {Designing Social Robots' Speech in the Hotel Context-A Series of Online Studies}, year = 2022 }
• Retrospektive Analyse ausgew{ä}hlter Belastungs-und Beanspruchungsparameter einer professionellen Fußball-mannschaft vor und w{ä}hrend coronabedingter Kontakt-beschr{ä}nkungen in der Spielsaison 2019/20. Kunz, Philipp; D{ü}king, Peter; Leppich, Robert; Lachmann, Jonas; Sperlich, Billy. In Leipziger Sportwissenschaftliche Beitr{ä}ge Jahrgang 63 (2022 Heft 1, p. 75. Lehmanns Media, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{kunz2022retrospektive, author = {Kunz, Philipp and D{\"u}king, Peter and Leppich, Robert and Lachmann, Jonas and Sperlich, Billy}, journal = {Leipziger Sportwissenschaftliche Beitr{\"a}ge Jahrgang 63 (2022 Heft 1}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, pages = 75, publisher = {Lehmanns Media}, title = {Retrospektive Analyse ausgew{\"a}hlter Belastungs-und Beanspruchungsparameter einer professionellen Fu{\ss}ball-mannschaft vor und w{\"a}hrend coronabedingter Kontakt-beschr{\"a}nkungen in der Spielsaison 2019/20}, year = 2022 }
• Testing AGV mobility control method for MANET coverage optimization using procedural simulation. Sauer, C.; Lyczkowski, E.; Schmidt, M.; N{ü}chter, A.; Hoßfeld, T. In Computer Communications, 194, pp. 189–201. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In industrial applications continuous wireless connectivity of mobile clients can rarely by guaranteed. Lack of communication negatively impacts the performance of industrial automation systems, e.g. Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) fleets. Utilizing industrial Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) and an adaptive positioning scheme can reduce the number of disconnections in AGV fleets. Therefore, the performance of the mobile system (e.g. AGV fleet) is improved and factory efficiency increased. In this work procedural simulation is used to examine wireless communication in industrial applications. This method enables the observation of the interaction of mobility control system, network status and robotic system performance independently from a specific environment or scenario. Novel insights on the effectiveness of ad-hoc communication in industrial applications and the correlation of AGV fleet connectedness and AGV fleet transport performance are presented. Additionally, a control method is proposed, which improves the network coverage of an industrial MANET and efficiency of AGV fleets.

  @article{SAUER2022189, abstract = {In industrial applications continuous wireless connectivity of mobile clients can rarely by guaranteed. Lack of communication negatively impacts the performance of industrial automation systems, e.g. Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) fleets. Utilizing industrial Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) and an adaptive positioning scheme can reduce the number of disconnections in AGV fleets. Therefore, the performance of the mobile system (e.g. AGV fleet) is improved and factory efficiency increased. In this work procedural simulation is used to examine wireless communication in industrial applications. This method enables the observation of the interaction of mobility control system, network status and robotic system performance independently from a specific environment or scenario. Novel insights on the effectiveness of ad-hoc communication in industrial applications and the correlation of AGV fleet connectedness and AGV fleet transport performance are presented. Additionally, a control method is proposed, which improves the network coverage of an industrial MANET and efficiency of AGV fleets.}, author = {Sauer, C. and Lyczkowski, E. and Schmidt, M. and N{\"u}chter, A. and Ho{\ss}feld, T.}, journal = {Computer Communications}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {189–201}, title = {Testing AGV mobility control method for MANET coverage optimization using procedural simulation}, volume = 194, year = 2022 }
• Mixed-Cultural Speech for Intelligent Virtual Agents - the Impact of Different Non-Native Accents Using Natural or Synthetic Speech in the English Language. Obremski, David; Hering, Helena; Friedrich, Paula; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, pp. 67–75. Christchurch, New Zealand, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{obremski:hai:2022, author = {Obremski, David and Hering, Helena and Friedrich, Paula and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction}, keywords = {mi}, pages = {67–75}, title = {Mixed-Cultural Speech for Intelligent Virtual Agents - the Impact of Different Non-Native Accents Using Natural or Synthetic Speech in the English Language}, year = 2022 }
• Analyzing Eye Tracking Data in Mirror Exposure. Döllinger, Nina; Göttfert, Christopher; Wolf, Erik; Mal, David; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2022 Conference on Mensch und Computer, pp. 513–517. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Mirror exposure is an important method in the treatment of body image disturbances. Eye tracking can support the unaffected assessment of attention biases during mirror exposure. However, the analysis of eye tracking data in mirror exposure comes with various difficulties and is associated with a high manual workload during data processing. We present an automated data processing framework that enables us to determine any body part as an area of interest without placing markers on the bodies of participants. A short, formative user study proved the quality compared to the gold standard. The automatic processing and openness for different systems allow a broad range of applications.

  @inproceedings{dollinger2022eyetracking, abstract = {Mirror exposure is an important method in the treatment of body image disturbances. Eye tracking can support the unaffected assessment of attention biases during mirror exposure. However, the analysis of eye tracking data in mirror exposure comes with various difficulties and is associated with a high manual workload during data processing. We present an automated data processing framework that enables us to determine any body part as an area of interest without placing markers on the bodies of participants. A short, formative user study proved the quality compared to the gold standard. The automatic processing and openness for different systems allow a broad range of applications.}, author = {Döllinger, Nina and Göttfert, Christopher and Wolf, Erik and Mal, David and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2022 Conference on Mensch und Computer}, keywords = {dmal}, pages = {513–517}, title = {Analyzing Eye Tracking Data in Mirror Exposure}, year = 2022 }
• bioDIVERsity. Ein Computerspiel gegen das Imageproblem von Wasserpflanzen. und David Schantz und Julian Gr{ö}h und Andreas Knote und Prof. Dr. Sebastian von Mammen und Prof. Dr. Juliano Cabral, Anne Lewerentz. In Mitteilungen der Fr{ä}nkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, (67), pp. 29–36. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Wasserpflanzen haben ein Imageproblem: Sie st{ö}ren vermeintlich beim Baden in Seen, was zu panikartigenReaktionen f{ü}hren kann. Begriffe wie �Schlingpflanzen`` und �Veralgung`` werden falsch verwendet odersind negativ konnotiert. Zudem sieht man Wasserpflanzen kaum, da sie {ü}berwiegend unter der Wasseroberfl{ä}chewachsen. Ihre vielen wertvollen Funktionen im {Ö}kosystem See bleiben daher oft unerkannt undsind durch die schlechte Erreichbarkeit und Erfahrbarkeit nur schwer zu vermitteln.Virtuelle Medien er{ö}ffnen eine neue M{ö}glichkeit, schwierig erreichbare Orte erfahrbar zu machen. F{ü}rdie Vermittlung von Umweltthemen -- gerade an eine j{ü}ngere Zielgruppe -- wird ein großes Potential indigitalen Spielen und Simulationen (Computerspiele, Apps, Virtual Reality-Spiele), speziell sogenanntenSerious Games, gesehen.Ein Prototyp f{ü}r das Serious Game bioDIVERsity wurde im Rahmen eines interdisziplin{ä}ren Kurses derArbeitsgruppe Games Engineering am Institut f{ü}r Informatik in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Center for Computationaland Theoretical Biology an der Universit{ä}t W{ü}rzburg entwickelt. Ziel des Spiels ist es, KindernKenntnisse {ü}ber das {Ö}kosystem See und die Auswirkungen der Wasserqualit{ä}t und der Klimabedingungenauf Wasserpflanzen zu vermitteln. Dar{ü}ber hinaus soll ein Bewusstsein f{ü}r dieses {Ö}kosystem und die Auswirkungenmenschlicher Eingriffe entstehen.

  @article{David-Schantz-und-Julian-Groh-und-Andreas-Knote-und-Prof.-Dr.-Sebastian-von-Mammen-und-Prof.-Dr.-Juliano-Cabral:2022aa, abstract = {Wasserpflanzen haben ein Imageproblem: Sie st{\"o}ren vermeintlich beim Baden in Seen, was zu panikartigenReaktionen f{\"u}hren kann. Begriffe wie �Schlingpflanzen`` und �Veralgung`` werden falsch verwendet odersind negativ konnotiert. Zudem sieht man Wasserpflanzen kaum, da sie {\"u}berwiegend unter der Wasseroberfl{\"a}chewachsen. Ihre vielen wertvollen Funktionen im {\"O}kosystem See bleiben daher oft unerkannt undsind durch die schlechte Erreichbarkeit und Erfahrbarkeit nur schwer zu vermitteln.Virtuelle Medien er{\"o}ffnen eine neue M{\"o}glichkeit, schwierig erreichbare Orte erfahrbar zu machen. F{\"u}rdie Vermittlung von Umweltthemen – gerade an eine j{\"u}ngere Zielgruppe – wird ein gro{\ss}es Potential indigitalen Spielen und Simulationen (Computerspiele, Apps, Virtual Reality-Spiele), speziell sogenanntenSerious Games, gesehen.Ein Prototyp f{\"u}r das Serious Game bioDIVERsity wurde im Rahmen eines interdisziplin{\"a}ren Kurses derArbeitsgruppe Games Engineering am Institut f{\"u}r Informatik in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Center for Computationaland Theoretical Biology an der Universit{\"a}t W{\"u}rzburg entwickelt. Ziel des Spiels ist es, KindernKenntnisse {\"u}ber das {\"O}kosystem See und die Auswirkungen der Wasserqualit{\"a}t und der Klimabedingungenauf Wasserpflanzen zu vermitteln. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus soll ein Bewusstsein f{\"u}r dieses {\"O}kosystem und die Auswirkungenmenschlicher Eingriffe entstehen.}, author = {und David Schantz und Julian Gr{\"o}h und Andreas Knote und Prof. Dr. Sebastian von Mammen und Prof. Dr. Juliano Cabral, Anne Lewerentz}, journal = {Mitteilungen der Fr{\"a}nkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft}, keywords = {myown}, number = 67, pages = {29–36}, title = {bioDIVERsity. Ein Computerspiel gegen das Imageproblem von Wasserpflanzen}, year = 2022 }
• Virtual Reality im modernen Englischunterricht und das Potenzial für Inter- und Transkulturelles Lernen. Hein, Rebecca; Steinbock, Jeanine; Eisenmann, Maria; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In MedienPädagogik Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung, 47, pp. 246–266. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{hein2021medienpaed, author = {Hein, Rebecca and Steinbock, Jeanine and Eisenmann, Maria and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {MedienPädagogik Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung}, keywords = {coteach}, pages = {246-266}, title = {Virtual Reality im modernen Englischunterricht und das Potenzial für Inter- und Transkulturelles Lernen}, volume = 47, year = 2022 }
• Inter- and Transcultural Learning in Social Virtual Reality: A Proposal for an Inter- and Transcultural Virtual Object Database to be Used in the Implementation, Reflection, and Evaluation of Virtual Encounters. Hein, Rebecca M.; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 6(7), F. L. {Mark Billinghurst; M.-C. Su (eds.), p. 50. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Visual stimuli are frequently used to improve memory, language learning or perception, and understanding of metacognitive processes. However, in virtual reality (VR), there are few systematically and empirically derived databases. This paper proposes the first collection of virtual objects based on empirical evaluation for inter-and transcultural encounters between English- and German-speaking learners. We used explicit and implicit measurement methods to identify cultural associations and the degree of stereotypical perception for each virtual stimuli (n = 293) through two online studies, including native German and English-speaking participants. The analysis resulted in a final well-describable database of 128 objects (called InteractionSuitcase). In future applications, the objects can be used as a great interaction or conversation asset and behavioral measurement tool in social VR applications, especially in the field of foreign language education. For example, encounters can use the objects to describe their culture, or teachers can intuitively assess stereotyped attitudes of the encounters.

  @article{mti6070050, abstract = {Visual stimuli are frequently used to improve memory, language learning or perception, and understanding of metacognitive processes. However, in virtual reality (VR), there are few systematically and empirically derived databases. This paper proposes the first collection of virtual objects based on empirical evaluation for inter-and transcultural encounters between English- and German-speaking learners. We used explicit and implicit measurement methods to identify cultural associations and the degree of stereotypical perception for each virtual stimuli (n = 293) through two online studies, including native German and English-speaking participants. The analysis resulted in a final well-describable database of 128 objects (called InteractionSuitcase). In future applications, the objects can be used as a great interaction or conversation asset and behavioral measurement tool in social VR applications, especially in the field of foreign language education. For example, encounters can use the objects to describe their culture, or teachers can intuitively assess stereotyped attitudes of the encounters.}, author = {Hein, Rebecca M. and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, editor = {{Mark Billinghurst, Fotis Liarokapis}, Lars Erik Holmquist and Su, Mu-Chun}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, keywords = {coteach}, number = 7, pages = 50, title = {Inter- and Transcultural Learning in Social Virtual Reality: A Proposal for an Inter- and Transcultural Virtual Object Database to be Used in the Implementation, Reflection, and Evaluation of Virtual Encounters}, volume = 6, year = 2022 }
• A Fully-Immersive Virtual Reality Setup to Study Gait Modulation. Palmisano, Chiara; Kullmann, Peter; Hanafi, Ibrahem; Verrecchia, Marta; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Canessa, Andrea; Fischbach, Martin; Isaias, Ioannis Ugo. In Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Objective: Gait adaptation to environmental challenges is fundamental for independent and safe community ambulation. The possibility of precisely studying gait modulation using standardized protocols of gait analysis closely resembling everyday life scenarios is still an unmet need.Methods: We have developed a fully-immersive virtual reality (VR) environment where subjects have to adjust their walking pattern to avoid collision with a virtual agent (VA) crossing their gait trajectory. We collected kinematic data of 12 healthy young subjects walking in real world (RW) and in the VR environment, both with (VR/A+) and without (VR/A-) the VA perturbation. The VR environment closely resembled the RW scenario of the gait laboratory. To ensure standardization of the obstacle presentation the starting time speed and trajectory of the VA were defined using the kinematics of the participant as detected online during each walking trial.Results: We did not observe kinematic differences between walking in RW and VR/A-, suggesting that our VR environment per se might not induce significant changes in the locomotor pattern. When facing the VA all subjects consistently reduced stride length and velocity while increasing stride duration. Trunk inclination and mediolateral trajectory deviation also facilitated avoidance of the obstacle.Conclusions: This proof-of-concept study shows that our VR/A+ paradigm effectively induced a timely gait modulation in a standardized immersive and realistic scenario. This protocol could be a powerful research tool to study gait modulation and its derangements in relation to aging and clinical conditions.

  @article{10.3389/fnhum.2022.783452, abstract = {Objective: Gait adaptation to environmental challenges is fundamental for independent and safe community ambulation. The possibility of precisely studying gait modulation using standardized protocols of gait analysis closely resembling everyday life scenarios is still an unmet need.Methods: We have developed a fully-immersive virtual reality (VR) environment where subjects have to adjust their walking pattern to avoid collision with a virtual agent (VA) crossing their gait trajectory. We collected kinematic data of 12 healthy young subjects walking in real world (RW) and in the VR environment, both with (VR/A+) and without (VR/A-) the VA perturbation. The VR environment closely resembled the RW scenario of the gait laboratory. To ensure standardization of the obstacle presentation the starting time speed and trajectory of the VA were defined using the kinematics of the participant as detected online during each walking trial.Results: We did not observe kinematic differences between walking in RW and VR/A-, suggesting that our VR environment per se might not induce significant changes in the locomotor pattern. When facing the VA all subjects consistently reduced stride length and velocity while increasing stride duration. Trunk inclination and mediolateral trajectory deviation also facilitated avoidance of the obstacle.Conclusions: This proof-of-concept study shows that our VR/A+ paradigm effectively induced a timely gait modulation in a standardized immersive and realistic scenario. This protocol could be a powerful research tool to study gait modulation and its derangements in relation to aging and clinical conditions.}, author = {Palmisano, Chiara and Kullmann, Peter and Hanafi, Ibrahem and Verrecchia, Marta and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Canessa, Andrea and Fischbach, Martin and Isaias, Ioannis Ugo}, journal = {Frontiers in Human Neuroscience}, keywords = {hci-uwb}, title = {A Fully-Immersive Virtual Reality Setup to Study Gait Modulation}, volume = 16, year = 2022 }
• bioDIVERsity. Ein Computerspiel gegen das Imageproblem von Wasserpflanzen. und David Schantz und Julian Gröh und Andreas Knote und Prof. Dr. Sebastian von Mammen und Prof. Dr. Juliano Cabral, Anne Lewerentz. In Mitteilungen der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft, (67), pp. 29–36. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Wasserpflanzen haben ein Imageproblem: Sie stören vermeintlich beim Baden in Seen, was zu panikartigenReaktionen führen kann. Begriffe wie „Schlingpflanzen“ und „Veralgung“ werden falsch verwendet odersind negativ konnotiert. Zudem sieht man Wasserpflanzen kaum, da sie überwiegend unter der Wasseroberflächewachsen. Ihre vielen wertvollen Funktionen im Ökosystem See bleiben daher oft unerkannt undsind durch die schlechte Erreichbarkeit und Erfahrbarkeit nur schwer zu vermitteln.Virtuelle Medien eröffnen eine neue Möglichkeit, schwierig erreichbare Orte erfahrbar zu machen. Fürdie Vermittlung von Umweltthemen – gerade an eine jüngere Zielgruppe – wird ein großes Potential indigitalen Spielen und Simulationen (Computerspiele, Apps, Virtual Reality-Spiele), speziell sogenanntenSerious Games, gesehen.Ein Prototyp für das Serious Game bioDIVERsity wurde im Rahmen eines interdisziplinären Kurses derArbeitsgruppe Games Engineering am Institut für Informatik in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Center for Computationaland Theoretical Biology an der Universität Würzburg entwickelt. Ziel des Spiels ist es, KindernKenntnisse über das Ökosystem See und die Auswirkungen der Wasserqualität und der Klimabedingungenauf Wasserpflanzen zu vermitteln. Darüber hinaus soll ein Bewusstsein für dieses Ökosystem und die Auswirkungenmenschlicher Eingriffe entstehen.

  @article{Lewerentz:2022aa, abstract = {Wasserpflanzen haben ein Imageproblem: Sie stören vermeintlich beim Baden in Seen, was zu panikartigenReaktionen führen kann. Begriffe wie „Schlingpflanzen“ und „Veralgung“ werden falsch verwendet odersind negativ konnotiert. Zudem sieht man Wasserpflanzen kaum, da sie überwiegend unter der Wasseroberflächewachsen. Ihre vielen wertvollen Funktionen im Ökosystem See bleiben daher oft unerkannt undsind durch die schlechte Erreichbarkeit und Erfahrbarkeit nur schwer zu vermitteln.Virtuelle Medien eröffnen eine neue Möglichkeit, schwierig erreichbare Orte erfahrbar zu machen. Fürdie Vermittlung von Umweltthemen – gerade an eine jüngere Zielgruppe – wird ein großes Potential indigitalen Spielen und Simulationen (Computerspiele, Apps, Virtual Reality-Spiele), speziell sogenanntenSerious Games, gesehen.Ein Prototyp für das Serious Game bioDIVERsity wurde im Rahmen eines interdisziplinären Kurses derArbeitsgruppe Games Engineering am Institut für Informatik in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Center for Computationaland Theoretical Biology an der Universität Würzburg entwickelt. Ziel des Spiels ist es, KindernKenntnisse über das Ökosystem See und die Auswirkungen der Wasserqualität und der Klimabedingungenauf Wasserpflanzen zu vermitteln. Darüber hinaus soll ein Bewusstsein für dieses Ökosystem und die Auswirkungenmenschlicher Eingriffe entstehen.}, author = {und David Schantz und Julian Gröh und Andreas Knote und Prof. Dr. Sebastian von Mammen und Prof. Dr. Juliano Cabral, Anne Lewerentz}, journal = {Mitteilungen der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft}, keywords = {myown}, number = 67, pages = {29–36}, title = {bioDIVERsity. Ein Computerspiel gegen das Imageproblem von Wasserpflanzen}, year = 2022 }
• Pilot study of a new freely available computer-aided polyp detection system in clinical practice. Lux, Thomas J; Banck, Michael; Saßmannshausen, Zita; Troya, Joel; Krenzer, Adrian; Fitting, Daniel; Sudarevic, Boban; Zoller, Wolfram G; Puppe, Frank; Meining, Alexander; others. In International Journal of Colorectal Disease, 37(6), pp. 1349–1354. Springer, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{lux2022pilot, author = {Lux, Thomas J and Banck, Michael and Sa{\ss}mannshausen, Zita and Troya, Joel and Krenzer, Adrian and Fitting, Daniel and Sudarevic, Boban and Zoller, Wolfram G and Puppe, Frank and Meining, Alexander and others}, journal = {International Journal of Colorectal Disease}, keywords = {banck}, number = 6, pages = {1349–1354}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {Pilot study of a new freely available computer-aided polyp detection system in clinical practice}, volume = 37, year = 2022 }
• A data-driven Sensor Model for LIDAR Range Measurements used for Mobile Robot Navigation. Spiess, Florian; Strobel, Norbert; Kaupp, Tobias; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the IEEE IRC 2022 Conference. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{spiess2022datadriven, author = {Spiess, Florian and Strobel, Norbert and Kaupp, Tobias and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE IRC 2022 Conference}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, title = {A data-driven Sensor Model for LIDAR Range Measurements used for Mobile Robot Navigation}, year = 2022 }
• A video based benchmark data set (ENDOTEST) to evaluate computer-aided polyp detection systems. Fitting, Daniel; Krenzer, Adrian; Troya, Joel; Banck, Michael; Sudarevic, Boban; Brand, Markus; B{ö}ck, Wolfgang; Zoller, Wolfram G; R{ö}sch, Thomas; Puppe, Frank; others. In Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 57(11), pp. 1397–1403. Taylor \& Francis, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{fitting2022video, author = {Fitting, Daniel and Krenzer, Adrian and Troya, Joel and Banck, Michael and Sudarevic, Boban and Brand, Markus and B{\"o}ck, Wolfgang and Zoller, Wolfram G and R{\"o}sch, Thomas and Puppe, Frank and others}, journal = {Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology}, keywords = {banck}, number = 11, pages = {1397–1403}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, title = {A video based benchmark data set (ENDOTEST) to evaluate computer-aided polyp detection systems}, volume = 57, year = 2022 }
• DBM: Decentralized Burst Mitigation for Self-Organizing LoRa Deployments. Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Next-Generation Communication Networks 2022. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-7, author = {Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Next-Generation Communication Networks 2022}, keywords = {can}, month = {07}, title = {DBM: Decentralized Burst Mitigation for Self-Organizing LoRa Deployments}, year = 2022 }
• The concept of a maximal network plan to enhance automated decision making in production steering. Larek, R.; Wagner, J. C.; Grendel, H.; N{ü}chter, A. In Production Engineering. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Digitalization is a major driver of competitiveness in industry. Especially, automated scheduling systems are broadly available to deal with production steering in complex production systems. Their underlying concept is the network plan to describe the logical relation between different production steps for the completion of a production process. The network plan, however, is limited to contain only one standard process and allows therefore basically only the automated variation of execution time of each step within the given logical sequence. This is sufficient as long as the production process and the boundary conditions, such as resource availability, are stable to a certain degree. This work introduces an enhancement of the concept of the network plan, the Maximal Network Plan, that is designed to automatically cope with disruptions. It stores additional alternative sequences, weighted according to their priority in comparison to the standard process. Therefore, a numerical decision making is possible in terms of also varying the order of production tasks to achieve a maximum performance for the overall process. Instead of waiting for a disruption in the standard process to be solved, an alternative sequence will be proposed to increase overall progress by circumventing the blocked step. This concept has been developed and tested for complex assembly tasks, such as the production of air- and spacecraft structures and systems. In conjunction with the use of mobile computing devices instead of paper-based work order documents it allows a very fast and dynamic production steering, also in the case of substantial disruptions in the standard process.

  @article{ProdEng_2022, abstract = {Digitalization is a major driver of competitiveness in industry. Especially, automated scheduling systems are broadly available to deal with production steering in complex production systems. Their underlying concept is the network plan to describe the logical relation between different production steps for the completion of a production process. The network plan, however, is limited to contain only one standard process and allows therefore basically only the automated variation of execution time of each step within the given logical sequence. This is sufficient as long as the production process and the boundary conditions, such as resource availability, are stable to a certain degree. This work introduces an enhancement of the concept of the network plan, the Maximal Network Plan, that is designed to automatically cope with disruptions. It stores additional alternative sequences, weighted according to their priority in comparison to the standard process. Therefore, a numerical decision making is possible in terms of also varying the order of production tasks to achieve a maximum performance for the overall process. Instead of waiting for a disruption in the standard process to be solved, an alternative sequence will be proposed to increase overall progress by circumventing the blocked step. This concept has been developed and tested for complex assembly tasks, such as the production of air- and spacecraft structures and systems. In conjunction with the use of mobile computing devices instead of paper-based work order documents it allows a very fast and dynamic production steering, also in the case of substantial disruptions in the standard process.}, author = {Larek, R. and Wagner, J. C. and Grendel, H. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {Production Engineering}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, title = {The concept of a maximal network plan to enhance automated decision making in production steering}, year = 2022 }
• LoRaWAN Network Planning in Smart Environments: Towards Reliability, Scalability, and Cost Reduction. Loh, Frank; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In WueWoWAS 22 - KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The goal in this work is to present a guidance for LoRaWAN planning to improve overall reliability for message transmissions and scalability. At the end, the cost component is discussed. Therefore, a five step approach is presented that helps to plan a LoRaWAN deployment step by step: Based on the device locations, an initial gateway placement is suggested followed by in-depth frequency and channel access planning. After an initial planning phase, updates for channel access and the initial gateway planning is suggested that should also be done periodically during network operation. Since current gateway placement approaches are only studied with random channel access, there is a lot of potential in the cell planning phase. Furthermore, the performance of different channel access approaches is highly related on network load, and thus cell size and sensor density. Last, the influence of different cell planning ideas on expected costs are discussed.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-20, abstract = {The goal in this work is to present a guidance for LoRaWAN planning to improve overall reliability for message transmissions and scalability. At the end, the cost component is discussed. Therefore, a five step approach is presented that helps to plan a LoRaWAN deployment step by step: Based on the device locations, an initial gateway placement is suggested followed by in-depth frequency and channel access planning. After an initial planning phase, updates for channel access and the initial gateway planning is suggested that should also be done periodically during network operation. Since current gateway placement approaches are only studied with random channel access, there is a lot of potential in the cell planning phase. Furthermore, the performance of different channel access approaches is highly related on network load, and thus cell size and sensor density. Last, the influence of different cell planning ideas on expected costs are discussed.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {WueWoWAS 22 - KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks}, keywords = {5mart}, month = {07}, title = {LoRaWAN Network Planning in Smart Environments: Towards Reliability, Scalability, and Cost Reduction}, year = 2022 }
• Identification of Signaling Patterns in Mobile IoT Signaling Traffic. Vomhoff, Viktoria; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In WueWoWAS 22 - KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-8, author = {Vomhoff, Viktoria and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {WueWoWAS 22 - KuVS Fachgespräch - Würzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks}, keywords = {can}, month = {07}, title = {Identification of Signaling Patterns in Mobile IoT Signaling Traffic}, year = 2022 }
• {femtoPro}: {Ultrafast} {Phenomena} in {Virtual} {Reality}. Müller, Stefan; Brixner, Tobias; Knote, Andreas; Schnepp, Wilhelm; Truman, Samuel; Vetter, Anne; von Mammen, Sebastian. In The {International} {Conference} on {Ultrafast} {Phenomena} ({UP}) 2022 (2022), paper {W4A}.42, p. W4A.42. Optica Publishing Group, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  We introduce “femtoPro,” an interactive simulator of an ultrafast laser laboratory in virtual reality (VR). Gaussian beam propagation as well as linear and nonlinear optical phenomena are calculated in real time on consumer-grade VR devices.

  @inproceedings{mullerFemtoProUltrafastPhenomena2022, abstract = {We introduce “femtoPro,” an interactive simulator of an ultrafast laser laboratory in virtual reality (VR). Gaussian beam propagation as well as linear and nonlinear optical phenomena are calculated in real time on consumer-grade VR devices.}, author = {Müller, Stefan and Brixner, Tobias and Knote, Andreas and Schnepp, Wilhelm and Truman, Samuel and Vetter, Anne and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {The {International} {Conference} on {Ultrafast} {Phenomena} ({UP}) 2022 (2022), paper {W4A}.42}, keywords = {VR}, month = {07}, pages = {W4A.42}, publisher = {Optica Publishing Group}, title = {{femtoPro}: {Ultrafast} {Phenomena} in {Virtual} {Reality}}, year = 2022 }
• Edge-Case Integration into Established NAT Traversal Techniques. Keller, Simon; Hoßfeld, Tobias; von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2022 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), pp. 75–80. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Traversing Network Address Translation (NAT) is often necessary for establishing direct communication between clients. The traversal of NAT with static port translation is solved in many cases by the Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) protocol. Nevertheless, it does not cover the traversal of progressing symmetric and random symmetric NAT, which make it necessary to correctly predict opened ports. This paper presents a method for predicting (a) progressing symmetric NAT-translated ports based on a network traffic model and the Expected Value Method, and (b) random symmetric NAT-translated ports based on heuristics between monitored and opened ports across numerous traversal attempts. Tests were conducted in German cities using local cellular communication providers. Compared to established approaches, they yielded considerable improvements traversing progressing symmetric NAT and slight improvements traversing random symmetric NAT in real-world environments.

  @inproceedings{9852092, abstract = {Traversing Network Address Translation (NAT) is often necessary for establishing direct communication between clients. The traversal of NAT with static port translation is solved in many cases by the Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) protocol. Nevertheless, it does not cover the traversal of progressing symmetric and random symmetric NAT, which make it necessary to correctly predict opened ports. This paper presents a method for predicting (a) progressing symmetric NAT-translated ports based on a network traffic model and the Expected Value Method, and (b) random symmetric NAT-translated ports based on heuristics between monitored and opened ports across numerous traversal attempts. Tests were conducted in German cities using local cellular communication providers. Compared to established approaches, they yielded considerable improvements traversing progressing symmetric NAT and slight improvements traversing random symmetric NAT in real-world environments.}, author = {Keller, Simon and Hoßfeld, Tobias and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, pages = {75-80}, title = {Edge-Case Integration into Established NAT Traversal Techniques}, year = 2022 }
• Not all Web Pages are Born the Same. Content Tailored Learning for Web QoE Inference. Casas, Pedro; Wassermann, Sarah; Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE International Symposium on Measurements & Networking (M&N 2022). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Web Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring is a critical task for Internet Service Providers (ISPs), especially due to the key role played by customer experience in churn management. Previously, we have tackled the problem of Web QoE inference from the ISP perspective, relying on passive measurement of encrypted network traffic and machine learning models. In this paper, we exploit the broad heterogeneity of contents embedded in web pages to improve the state of the art performance in Web QoE inference, relying on web-content learning model tailoring. By analyzing the top-500 most popular web pages of the Internet through unsupervised learning, we discover different web page content classes which realize significantly different Web QoE inference performance. We train supervised learning inference models separately for each of these classes, using the well-known Speed Index (SI) metric as proxy to Web QoE. Empirical evaluations on a large corpus of Web QoE measurements for top popular websites demonstrate that our combined content-tailored approach improves the inference performance of the SI by almost 30% with respect to previous single-model approaches, reducing the QoE inference error in terms of mean opinion scores by more than 40%.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-10, abstract = {Web Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring is a critical task for Internet Service Providers (ISPs), especially due to the key role played by customer experience in churn management. Previously, we have tackled the problem of Web QoE inference from the ISP perspective, relying on passive measurement of encrypted network traffic and machine learning models. In this paper, we exploit the broad heterogeneity of contents embedded in web pages to improve the state of the art performance in Web QoE inference, relying on web-content learning model tailoring. By analyzing the top-500 most popular web pages of the Internet through unsupervised learning, we discover different web page content classes which realize significantly different Web QoE inference performance. We train supervised learning inference models separately for each of these classes, using the well-known Speed Index (SI) metric as proxy to Web QoE. Empirical evaluations on a large corpus of Web QoE measurements for top popular websites demonstrate that our combined content-tailored approach improves the inference performance of the SI by almost 30% with respect to previous single-model approaches, reducing the QoE inference error in terms of mean opinion scores by more than 40%.}, author = {Casas, Pedro and Wassermann, Sarah and Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE International Symposium on Measurements & Networking (M&N 2022)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, title = {Not all Web Pages are Born the Same. Content Tailored Learning for Web QoE Inference}, year = 2022 }
• {LSX} team5 at {S}em{E}val-2022 Task 8: Multilingual News Article Similarity Assessment based on Word- and Sentence Mover{’}s Distance. Heil, Stefan; Kopp, Karina; Zehe, Albin; Kobs, Konstantin; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2022), pp. 1190–1195. Association for Computational Linguistics, Seattle, United States, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper introduces our submission for the SemEval 2022 Task 8: Multilingual News Article Similarity. The task of the competition consisted of the development of a model, capable of determining the similarity between pairs of multilingual news articles. To address this challenge, we evaluated the Word Mover{'}s Distance in conjunction with word embeddings from ConceptNet Numberbatch and term frequencies of WorldLex, as well the Sentence Mover{'}s Distance based on sentence embeddings generated by pretrained transformer models of Sentence-BERT. To facilitate the comparison of multilingual articles with Sentence-BERT models, we deployed a Neural Machine Translation system. All our models achieve stable results in multilingual similarity estimation without learning parameters.

  @inproceedings{heil2022lsxteam5, abstract = {This paper introduces our submission for the SemEval 2022 Task 8: Multilingual News Article Similarity. The task of the competition consisted of the development of a model, capable of determining the similarity between pairs of multilingual news articles. To address this challenge, we evaluated the Word Mover{'}s Distance in conjunction with word embeddings from ConceptNet Numberbatch and term frequencies of WorldLex, as well the Sentence Mover{'}s Distance based on sentence embeddings generated by pretrained transformer models of Sentence-BERT. To facilitate the comparison of multilingual articles with Sentence-BERT models, we deployed a Neural Machine Translation system. All our models achieve stable results in multilingual similarity estimation without learning parameters.}, address = {Seattle, United States}, author = {Heil, Stefan and Kopp, Karina and Zehe, Albin and Kobs, Konstantin and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2022)}, keywords = {multilingual}, month = {07}, pages = {1190–1195}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {{LSX} team5 at {S}em{E}val-2022 Task 8: Multilingual News Article Similarity Assessment based on Word- and Sentence Mover{'}s Distance}, year = 2022 }
• {W}ue{D}evils at {S}em{E}val-2022 Task 8: Multilingual News Article Similarity via Pair-Wise Sentence Similarity Matrices. Wangsadirdja, Dirk; Heinickel, Felix; Trapp, Simon; Zehe, Albin; Kobs, Konstantin; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2022), pp. 1235–1243. Association for Computational Linguistics, Seattle, United States, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  We present a system that creates pair-wise cosine and arccosine sentence similarity matrices using multilingual sentence embeddings obtained from pre-trained SBERT and Universal Sentence Encoder (USE) models respectively. For each news article sentence, it searches the most similar sentence from the other article and computes an average score. Further, a convolutional neural network calculates a total similarity score for the article pairs on these matrices. Finally, a random forest regressor merges the previous results to a final score that can optionally be extended with a publishing date score.

  @inproceedings{wangsadirdja2022wuedevils, abstract = {We present a system that creates pair-wise cosine and arccosine sentence similarity matrices using multilingual sentence embeddings obtained from pre-trained SBERT and Universal Sentence Encoder (USE) models respectively. For each news article sentence, it searches the most similar sentence from the other article and computes an average score. Further, a convolutional neural network calculates a total similarity score for the article pairs on these matrices. Finally, a random forest regressor merges the previous results to a final score that can optionally be extended with a publishing date score.}, address = {Seattle, United States}, author = {Wangsadirdja, Dirk and Heinickel, Felix and Trapp, Simon and Zehe, Albin and Kobs, Konstantin and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2022)}, keywords = {multilingual}, month = {07}, pages = {1235–1243}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {{W}ue{D}evils at {S}em{E}val-2022 Task 8: Multilingual News Article Similarity via Pair-Wise Sentence Similarity Matrices}, year = 2022 }
• Affordable Measurement Setups for Networking Device Latency with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy. Grigorjew, Alexej; Diederich, Philip; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Kellerer, Wolfgang. In WueWoWAS’22 KuVS Fachgespraech - Wuerzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  This document presents a networking latency measurement setup that focuses on affordability and universal applicability, and can provide sub-microsecond accuracy. It explains the prerequisites, hardware choices, and considerations to respect during measurement. In addition, it discusses the necessity for exhaustive latency measurements when dealing with high availability and low latency requirements. Preliminary results show that the accuracy is within 0.02 microseconds when used with the Intel I350-T2 network adapter.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-14, abstract = {This document presents a networking latency measurement setup that focuses on affordability and universal applicability, and can provide sub-microsecond accuracy. It explains the prerequisites, hardware choices, and considerations to respect during measurement. In addition, it discusses the necessity for exhaustive latency measurements when dealing with high availability and low latency requirements. Preliminary results show that the accuracy is within 0.02 microseconds when used with the Intel I350-T2 network adapter.}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Diederich, Philip and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Kellerer, Wolfgang}, booktitle = {WueWoWAS'22 KuVS Fachgespraech - Wuerzburg Workshop on Next-Generation Communication Networks}, keywords = {appaware2}, month = {07}, title = {Affordable Measurement Setups for Networking Device Latency with Sub-Microsecond Accuracy}, year = 2022 }
• {An Algorithm for the SE(3)-Transformation on Neural Implicit Maps for Remapping Functions}. Yuan, Y.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL), 7(3), pp. 7763–7770. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Implicit representations are widely used for object reconstruction due their efficiency and flexibility. In 2021, a novel structure named neural implicit map has been invented for incremental reconstruction. A neural implicit map alleviates the problem of inefficient memory cost of previous online 3D dense reconstruction while producing better quality. However, the neural implicit map suffers the limitations that it does not support remapping as the frames of scans are encoded into a deep prior after generating the neural implicit map. This means, neither this generation process is invertible, nor a deep prior is transformable. The non-remappable property makes it not possible to apply loop-closure techniques. We present an implicit-map based transformation algorithm to fill this gap. As our implicit-map is transformable, our model supports remapping for this special map of latent features. Experiments show that our remapping module is capable to well-transform neural implicit maps to new poses. Embedded into a SLAM framework, our mapping model is able to tackle remapping of loop-closures and demonstrates high-quality surface reconstruction. Our implementation is available at github (https://github.com/Jarrome/IMT_Mapping) for the research community.

  @article{RAL2022_2, abstract = {Implicit representations are widely used for object reconstruction due their efficiency and flexibility. In 2021, a novel structure named neural implicit map has been invented for incremental reconstruction. A neural implicit map alleviates the problem of inefficient memory cost of previous online 3D dense reconstruction while producing better quality. However, the neural implicit map suffers the limitations that it does not support remapping as the frames of scans are encoded into a deep prior after generating the neural implicit map. This means, neither this generation process is invertible, nor a deep prior is transformable. The non-remappable property makes it not possible to apply loop-closure techniques. We present an implicit-map based transformation algorithm to fill this gap. As our implicit-map is transformable, our model supports remapping for this special map of latent features. Experiments show that our remapping module is capable to well-transform neural implicit maps to new poses. Embedded into a SLAM framework, our mapping model is able to tackle remapping of loop-closures and demonstrates high-quality surface reconstruction. Our implementation is available at github (https://github.com/Jarrome/IMT_Mapping) for the research community.}, author = {Yuan, Y. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RAL)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, number = 3, pages = {7763–7770}, title = {{An Algorithm for the SE(3)-Transformation on Neural Implicit Maps for Remapping Functions}}, volume = 7, year = 2022 }
• Point me to your Opinion, {S}en{P}oi. Pfister, Jan; Wankerl, Sebastian; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2022), pp. 1313–1323. Association for Computational Linguistics, Seattle, United States, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Structured Sentiment Analysis is the task of extracting sentiment tuples in a graph structure commonly from review texts. We adapt the Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis pointer network BARTABSA to model this tuple extraction as a sequence prediction task and extend their output grammar to account for the increased complexity of Structured Sentiment Analysis. To predict structured sentiment tuples in languages other than English we swap BART for a multilingual mT5 and introduce a novel Output Length Regularization to mitigate overfitting to common target sequence lengths, thereby improving the performance of the model by up to 70{\%}. We evaluate our approach on seven datasets in five languages including a zero shot crosslingual setting.

  @inproceedings{pfister-etal-2022-senpoi, abstract = {Structured Sentiment Analysis is the task of extracting sentiment tuples in a graph structure commonly from review texts. We adapt the Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis pointer network BARTABSA to model this tuple extraction as a sequence prediction task and extend their output grammar to account for the increased complexity of Structured Sentiment Analysis. To predict structured sentiment tuples in languages other than English we swap BART for a multilingual mT5 and introduce a novel Output Length Regularization to mitigate overfitting to common target sequence lengths, thereby improving the performance of the model by up to 70{\%}. We evaluate our approach on seven datasets in five languages including a zero shot crosslingual setting.}, address = {Seattle, United States}, author = {Pfister, Jan and Wankerl, Sebastian and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2022)}, keywords = {from:janpf}, month = {07}, pages = {1313–1323}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, title = {Point me to your Opinion, {S}en{P}oi}, year = 2022 }
• Fly My Little Dragon: Using AR to Learn Geometry. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Krop, Philipp; Straka, Samantha; Grafe, Silke; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Games (CoG ’22), pp. 528–531. IEEE, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  We present the gamified AR learning environment ARES. During the gameplay, learners guide the little dragon called ”Ares” through dungeons. Using AR, ARES threedimensionally integrates the dungeons in the real-world. Each dungeon represents a coordinate system with obstacles that ultimately create mathematical exercises, e.g. rotating a door to let the dragon fly through it. Overcoming such a challenge requires a learner to spatially analyze the exercise and apply the fundamental mathematical principles. ARES displays a debriefing screen at the end of a dungeon to further support the learning process. In a preliminary qualitative user study, preservice and in-service teachers saw great potential in ARES for providing further practical and motivating exercises to deepen the knowledge in the classroom and at home.

  @inproceedings{oberdorfer2022little, abstract = {We present the gamified AR learning environment ARES. During the gameplay, learners guide the little dragon called ”Ares” through dungeons. Using AR, ARES threedimensionally integrates the dungeons in the real-world. Each dungeon represents a coordinate system with obstacles that ultimately create mathematical exercises, e.g. rotating a door to let the dragon fly through it. Overcoming such a challenge requires a learner to spatially analyze the exercise and apply the fundamental mathematical principles. ARES displays a debriefing screen at the end of a dungeon to further support the learning process. In a preliminary qualitative user study, preservice and in-service teachers saw great potential in ARES for providing further practical and motivating exercises to deepen the knowledge in the classroom and at home.}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Krop, Philipp and Straka, Samantha and Grafe, Silke and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Games (CoG '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {08}, pages = {528-531}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Fly My Little Dragon: Using AR to Learn Geometry}, year = 2022 }
• Edge-Case Integration into Established NAT Traversal Techniques. Keller, Simon; Hoßfeld, Tobias; von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2022 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), pp. 75–80. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Traversing Network Address Translation (NAT) is often necessary for establishing direct communication between clients. The traversal of NAT with static port translation is solved in many cases by the Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) protocol. Nevertheless, it does not cover the traversal of progressing symmetric and random symmetric NAT, which make it necessary to correctly predict opened ports. This paper presents a method for predicting (a) progressing symmetric NAT-translated ports based on a network traffic model and the Expected Value Method, and (b) random symmetric NAT-translated ports based on heuristics between monitored and opened ports across numerous traversal attempts. Tests were conducted in German cities using local cellular communication providers. Compared to established approaches, they yielded considerable improvements traversing progressing symmetric NAT and slight improvements traversing random symmetric NAT in real-world environments.

  @inproceedings{Keller:2022aa, abstract = {Traversing Network Address Translation (NAT) is often necessary for establishing direct communication between clients. The traversal of NAT with static port translation is solved in many cases by the Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN) protocol. Nevertheless, it does not cover the traversal of progressing symmetric and random symmetric NAT, which make it necessary to correctly predict opened ports. This paper presents a method for predicting (a) progressing symmetric NAT-translated ports based on a network traffic model and the Expected Value Method, and (b) random symmetric NAT-translated ports based on heuristics between monitored and opened ports across numerous traversal attempts. Tests were conducted in German cities using local cellular communication providers. Compared to established approaches, they yielded considerable improvements traversing progressing symmetric NAT and slight improvements traversing random symmetric NAT in real-world environments.}, author = {Keller, Simon and Ho{\ss}feld, Tobias and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE Ninth International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, pages = {75-80}, title = {Edge-Case Integration into Established NAT Traversal Techniques}, year = 2022 }
• Analytical Model for the Energy Efficiency in Low Power IoT Deployments. Hoßfeld, Tobias; Raffeck, Simon; Loh, Frank; Geißler, Stefan. In 1st International Workshop on Network Energy Efficiency in the Softwarization Era. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The recent rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) has given way to numerous challenges and research questions. One of the most critical issues in the area of low powered devices is the question of energy efficiency. Here, technologies like LoRa or Zigbee emerged, promising low power consumption while maintaining adequate performance. However, even when using these tailor made technologies, several configuration aspects need to be taken into account to provide high performance, energy efficient operation. To this end, we propose a generic model to compute the energy efficiency of wireless sensors under the assumption of perfect CSMA/CA channel access. We present numerical results for a typical LoRa device and highlight extensions towards other channel access mechanisms. Finally, we apply Kleinrock's power metric to obtain ideal system configurations for varying load parameters.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-6, abstract = {The recent rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) has given way to numerous challenges and research questions. One of the most critical issues in the area of low powered devices is the question of energy efficiency. Here, technologies like LoRa or Zigbee emerged, promising low power consumption while maintaining adequate performance. However, even when using these tailor made technologies, several configuration aspects need to be taken into account to provide high performance, energy efficient operation. To this end, we propose a generic model to compute the energy efficiency of wireless sensors under the assumption of perfect CSMA/CA channel access. We present numerical results for a typical LoRa device and highlight extensions towards other channel access mechanisms. Finally, we apply Kleinrock's power metric to obtain ideal system configurations for varying load parameters.}, author = {Hoßfeld, Tobias and Raffeck, Simon and Loh, Frank and Geißler, Stefan}, booktitle = {1st International Workshop on Network Energy Efficiency in the Softwarization Era}, keywords = {can}, month = {06}, title = {Analytical Model for the Energy Efficiency in Low Power IoT Deployments}, year = 2022 }
• Congruence and Plausibility, not Presence?! Pivotal Conditions for XR Experiences and Effects, a Novel Model. Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3:694433. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Presence is often considered the most important quale describing the subjective feeling of being in a computer-generated and/or computer-mediated virtual environment. The identification and separation of orthogonal presence components, i.e., the place illusion and the plausibility illusion, has been an accepted theoretical model describing Virtual Reality (VR) experiences for some time. This perspective article challenges this presence-oriented VR theory. First, we argue that a place illusion cannot be the major construct to describe the much wider scope of virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VR, AR, MR: or XR for short). Second, we argue that there is no plausibility illusion but merely plausibility, and we derive the place illusion caused by the congruent and plausible generation of spatial cues and similarly for all the current model’s so-defined illusions. Finally, we propose congruence and plausibility to become the central essential conditions in a novel theoretical model describing XR experiences and effects.

  @article{latoschik2021coherence, abstract = {Presence is often considered the most important quale describing the subjective feeling of being in a computer-generated and/or computer-mediated virtual environment. The identification and separation of orthogonal presence components, i.e., the place illusion and the plausibility illusion, has been an accepted theoretical model describing Virtual Reality (VR) experiences for some time. This perspective article challenges this presence-oriented VR theory. First, we argue that a place illusion cannot be the major construct to describe the much wider scope of virtual, augmented, and mixed reality (VR, AR, MR: or XR for short). Second, we argue that there is no plausibility illusion but merely plausibility, and we derive the place illusion caused by the congruent and plausible generation of spatial cues and similarly for all the current model’s so-defined illusions. Finally, we propose congruence and plausibility to become the central essential conditions in a novel theoretical model describing XR experiences and effects.}, author = {Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {c.wienrich}, month = {06}, title = {Congruence and Plausibility, not Presence?! Pivotal Conditions for XR Experiences and Effects, a Novel Model}, volume = {3:694433}, year = 2022 }
• {Finding and Following Optimal Trajectories for an Overactuated Floating Robotic Platform}. Bredenbeck, A.; Vyas, S.; Suter, W.; Zwick, M.; Borrmann, D.; Olivares-Mendez, M.; N{ü}chter, A. In 16th Symposium on Advanced Space Technologies in Robotics and Automation (ASTRA ’22). ESA, Noordwijk, Netherlands, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The recent increase in yearly spacecraft launches and the high number of planned launches have raised questions about maintaining accessibility to space for all interested parties. A key to sustaining the future of space-flight is the ability to service malfunctioning - and actively remove dysfunctional spacecraft from orbit. Robotic platforms that autonomously perform these tasks are a topic of ongoing research and thus must undergo thorough testing before launch. For representative system-level testing, the European Space Agency (ESA) uses, among other things, the Orbital Robotics and GNC Lab (ORGL), a flat-floor facility where air-bearing based platforms exhibit free-floating behavior in three Degrees of Freedom (DoF). This work introduces a representative simulation of a free-floating platform in the testing environment and a software framework for controller development. Finally, this work proposes a controller within that framework for finding and following optimal trajectories between arbitrary states, which is evaluated in simulation and reality.

  @inproceedings{ASTRA2022, abstract = {The recent increase in yearly spacecraft launches and the high number of planned launches have raised questions about maintaining accessibility to space for all interested parties. A key to sustaining the future of space-flight is the ability to service malfunctioning - and actively remove dysfunctional spacecraft from orbit. Robotic platforms that autonomously perform these tasks are a topic of ongoing research and thus must undergo thorough testing before launch. For representative system-level testing, the European Space Agency (ESA) uses, among other things, the Orbital Robotics and GNC Lab (ORGL), a flat-floor facility where air-bearing based platforms exhibit free-floating behavior in three Degrees of Freedom (DoF). This work introduces a representative simulation of a free-floating platform in the testing environment and a software framework for controller development. Finally, this work proposes a controller within that framework for finding and following optimal trajectories between arbitrary states, which is evaluated in simulation and reality.}, address = {Noordwijk, Netherlands}, author = {Bredenbeck, A. and Vyas, S. and Suter, W. and Zwick, M. and Borrmann, D. and Olivares-Mendez, M. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {16th Symposium on Advanced Space Technologies in Robotics and Automation (ASTRA '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, publisher = {ESA}, title = {{Finding and Following Optimal Trajectories for an Overactuated Floating Robotic Platform}}, year = 2022 }
• Graph-Based Gateway Placement for Better Performance in LoRaWAN Deployments. Loh, Frank; Mehling, Noah; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 20th Mediterranean Communication and Computer Networking Conference (MedComNet). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Low Power Wide Area Networks with Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWANs) as one of their most prominent representatives are very promising solutions for future Internet of Things deployments. The technology is characterized by low energy requirements leading to long battery lifetimes. However, the drawback is very limited throughput rates. However, the unreliable nature of the LoRa technology is hindering the adoption. Especially its random channel access approach leads to significant message collisions and thus, data loss in larger deployments. From a network planning point of view, one possibility to deal with collisions is the reduction of potentially colliding messages at the frequency bands in combination with limiting the transmission duration of messages. For that reason, we present a novel graph-based gateway placement approach. The main focus is collision probability reduction, which directly increases reliability in LoRaWAN deployments. We show that our approach performs similar to state-of-the-art related work in the worst case and reduces the required number of gateways by up to 40% while reducing the collision probability by up to 70%. Furthermore, we discuss the scalability of our approach to cover arbitrarily large networks with gateways and only little overhead by splitting the problem into smaller sub-problems.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-19, abstract = {Low Power Wide Area Networks with Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWANs) as one of their most prominent representatives are very promising solutions for future Internet of Things deployments. The technology is characterized by low energy requirements leading to long battery lifetimes. However, the drawback is very limited throughput rates. However, the unreliable nature of the LoRa technology is hindering the adoption. Especially its random channel access approach leads to significant message collisions and thus, data loss in larger deployments. From a network planning point of view, one possibility to deal with collisions is the reduction of potentially colliding messages at the frequency bands in combination with limiting the transmission duration of messages. For that reason, we present a novel graph-based gateway placement approach. The main focus is collision probability reduction, which directly increases reliability in LoRaWAN deployments. We show that our approach performs similar to state-of-the-art related work in the worst case and reduces the required number of gateways by up to 40% while reducing the collision probability by up to 70%. Furthermore, we discuss the scalability of our approach to cover arbitrarily large networks with gateways and only little overhead by splitting the problem into smaller sub-problems.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Mehling, Noah and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {20th Mediterranean Communication and Computer Networking Conference (MedComNet)}, keywords = {5mart}, month = {06}, title = {Graph-Based Gateway Placement for Better Performance in LoRaWAN Deployments}, year = 2022 }
• {Advanced Edge Detection of AprilTags for Precise Docking Maneuvers of Mobile Robots}. Richter, J.; Bohlig, D.; N{ü}chter, A.; Schilling, K. In Proceedings of the 6th IFAC Symposium on Telematics Applications (TA ’22), pp. 117–123. Nancy, France, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The development of modules and routines into an existing server-based control station to handle approach and docking maneuvers of mobile systems is the central achievement of this work. Efficient material flow in a digitized factory environment requires that goods are automatically loaded and unloaded onto transport robots. For this purpose, accurate positioning of the robot to a loading station is necessary or to a charging station, to automatically charge the robot’s energy storage. Apart from these applications, robots are furthermore increasingly used for assembly work in production facilities. The possibility of using a transport robot as a mobile montage platform at assembly stations with manipulators is investigated in this work. Crucial for this is the ability to repeatedly acquire a position of sub-centimeter accuracy relative to the station and additionally to transmit the precise final position to the station. The critical component here is the estimation of the mobile system’s pose, which is estimated using camera images of artificial markers attached to the stations. Since the precision of a visual localization strongly depends on the detection accuracy of the markers, an optimization problem is formulated to approximate the edges of the markers using an edge model function and thus determine their corners more precisely. Finally, a planar continuous trajectory planning is implemented to determine the segments of a possible path between any two poses.

  @inproceedings{TA2022_1, abstract = {The development of modules and routines into an existing server-based control station to handle approach and docking maneuvers of mobile systems is the central achievement of this work. Efficient material flow in a digitized factory environment requires that goods are automatically loaded and unloaded onto transport robots. For this purpose, accurate positioning of the robot to a loading station is necessary or to a charging station, to automatically charge the robot’s energy storage. Apart from these applications, robots are furthermore increasingly used for assembly work in production facilities. The possibility of using a transport robot as a mobile montage platform at assembly stations with manipulators is investigated in this work. Crucial for this is the ability to repeatedly acquire a position of sub-centimeter accuracy relative to the station and additionally to transmit the precise final position to the station. The critical component here is the estimation of the mobile system’s pose, which is estimated using camera images of artificial markers attached to the stations. Since the precision of a visual localization strongly depends on the detection accuracy of the markers, an optimization problem is formulated to approximate the edges of the markers using an edge model function and thus determine their corners more precisely. Finally, a planar continuous trajectory planning is implemented to determine the segments of a possible path between any two poses.}, address = {Nancy, France}, author = {Richter, J. and Bohlig, D. and N{\"u}chter, A. and Schilling, K.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th IFAC Symposium on Telematics Applications (TA '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, pages = {117-123}, title = {{Advanced Edge Detection of AprilTags for Precise Docking Maneuvers of Mobile Robots}}, year = 2022 }
• {WIP: Real-world 3D models derived from mobile mapping for ray launching based propagation loss modeling}. Wahl, T.; Borrmann, D.; Bleier, M.; {N{ü}chter}, A.; Wiemann, T.; H{ä}nel, T.; Aschenbruck, N. In Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM ’22), pp. 1–4. Belfast, UK, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  This work in progress paper presents an automated approach for network coverage prediction in real-world environments by combining mobile mapping, 3D mesh generation, and a ray launching based network simulator. We identify the challenges and demonstrate the functionality of such a pipeline. We preview an empirical evaluation in a realistic real-world environment.

  @inproceedings{WOWMOM2022, abstract = {This work in progress paper presents an automated approach for network coverage prediction in real-world environments by combining mobile mapping, 3D mesh generation, and a ray launching based network simulator. We identify the challenges and demonstrate the functionality of such a pipeline. We preview an empirical evaluation in a realistic real-world environment.}, address = {Belfast, UK}, author = {Wahl, T. and Borrmann, D. and Bleier, M. and {N{\"u}chter}, A. and Wiemann, T. and H{\"a}nel, T. and Aschenbruck, N.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, pages = {1–4}, title = {{WIP: Real-world 3D models derived from mobile mapping for ray launching based propagation loss modeling}}, year = 2022 }
• YouTube Dataset on Mobile Streaming for Internet Traffic Modeling and Streaming Analysis. Loh, Frank; Wamser, Florian; Poignée, Fabian; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In Nature, Scientific Data. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Around 4.9 billion Internet users worldwide watch billions of hours of online video every day. As a result, streaming is by far the predominant type of traffic in communication networks. According to Google statistics, three out of five video views come from mobile devices. Thus, in view of the continuous technological advances in end devices and increasing mobile use, datasets for mobile streaming are indispensable in research but only sparsely dealt with in literature so far. With this public dataset, we provide 1,081 hours of time-synchronous video measurements at network, transport, and application layer with the native YouTube streaming client on mobile devices. The dataset includes 80 network scenarios with 171 different individual bandwidth settings measured in 5,181 runs with limited bandwidth, 1,939 runs with emulated 3 G/4 G traces, and 4,022 runs with pre-defined bandwidth changes. This corresponds to 332 GB video payload. We present the most relevant quality indicators for scientific use, i.e., initial playback delay, streaming video quality, adaptive video quality changes, video rebuffering events, and streaming phases.

  @article{info3-article-2022-17, abstract = {Around 4.9 billion Internet users worldwide watch billions of hours of online video every day. As a result, streaming is by far the predominant type of traffic in communication networks. According to Google statistics, three out of five video views come from mobile devices. Thus, in view of the continuous technological advances in end devices and increasing mobile use, datasets for mobile streaming are indispensable in research but only sparsely dealt with in literature so far. With this public dataset, we provide 1,081 hours of time-synchronous video measurements at network, transport, and application layer with the native YouTube streaming client on mobile devices. The dataset includes 80 network scenarios with 171 different individual bandwidth settings measured in 5,181 runs with limited bandwidth, 1,939 runs with emulated 3 G/4 G traces, and 4,022 runs with pre-defined bandwidth changes. This corresponds to 332 GB video payload. We present the most relevant quality indicators for scientific use, i.e., initial playback delay, streaming video quality, adaptive video quality changes, video rebuffering events, and streaming phases.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Wamser, Florian and Poignée, Fabian and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {Nature, Scientific Data}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {YouTube Dataset on Mobile Streaming for Internet Traffic Modeling and Streaming Analysis}, year = 2022 }
• X-Ray Goggles for the ISP: Improving in-Network Web and App QoE Monitoring with Deep Learning. Casas, Pedro; Wassermann, Sarah; Seufert, Michael; Wehner, Nikolas; Dinica, Olivia; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The wide adoption of end-to-end encryption is drastically limiting the visibility Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have on the performance of the services consumed by their customers. In times of strong competition, where customer experience plays a key role in churn management, ISPs require novel solutions enabling network-wide Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring. To this end, we present DeepQoE, a deep-learning based approach to infer the QoE of web services and mobile applications from the ISP perspective, relying exclusively on the analysis of encrypted network traffic. Using raw features derived from the encrypted stream of bytes as input to deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), DeepQoE infers the Speed Index of web browsing sessions and general mobile apps with unprecedented accuracy, improving the state of the art by more than 25%, and reducing the QoE inference error in terms of mean opinion scores by nearly 40%. DeepQoE implements a web fingerprinting solution to identify individual web browsing sessions within concurrent web pages traffic, enabling highly detailed, per web page QoE inference in practical deployments. Extensive evaluations over a large and heterogeneous dataset composed of web and app measurements, using different device types and for top-popular websites and apps, confirm the out-performance of DeepQoE over previously used shallow-learning models, as well as the deep-model generalization to different devices, web pages, apps, and network setups. DeepQoE is the first deployable system providing such a deep, highly-detailed QoE for individual web browsing and mobile apps over encrypted traffic, using deep learning models on heterogeneous measurements.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-11, abstract = {The wide adoption of end-to-end encryption is drastically limiting the visibility Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have on the performance of the services consumed by their customers. In times of strong competition, where customer experience plays a key role in churn management, ISPs require novel solutions enabling network-wide Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring. To this end, we present DeepQoE, a deep-learning based approach to infer the QoE of web services and mobile applications from the ISP perspective, relying exclusively on the analysis of encrypted network traffic. Using raw features derived from the encrypted stream of bytes as input to deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), DeepQoE infers the Speed Index of web browsing sessions and general mobile apps with unprecedented accuracy, improving the state of the art by more than 25%, and reducing the QoE inference error in terms of mean opinion scores by nearly 40%. DeepQoE implements a web fingerprinting solution to identify individual web browsing sessions within concurrent web pages traffic, enabling highly detailed, per web page QoE inference in practical deployments. Extensive evaluations over a large and heterogeneous dataset composed of web and app measurements, using different device types and for top-popular websites and apps, confirm the out-performance of DeepQoE over previously used shallow-learning models, as well as the deep-model generalization to different devices, web pages, apps, and network setups. DeepQoE is the first deployable system providing such a deep, highly-detailed QoE for individual web browsing and mobile apps over encrypted traffic, using deep learning models on heterogeneous measurements.}, author = {Casas, Pedro and Wassermann, Sarah and Seufert, Michael and Wehner, Nikolas and Dinica, Olivia and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference (TMA)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {X-Ray Goggles for the ISP: Improving in-Network Web and App QoE Monitoring with Deep Learning}, year = 2022 }
• Modeling and validation of an autorotation landing controller for reentry and descent applications. Bergmann, Philip; Riegler, Clemens; Wolf, Jan; Werner, Lennart; Ludwig, Richter; Maximillian, Reigl; von Pichowski, Jan; Neumann, Tobias; Mutter, Julian; Mehringer, Johanna; Koch, Niels; Klaschka, Pablo; Gellermann, Moritz; Franssen, Liam; Ettinger, Amelie; Dunschen, Frederik; Bös, Cedric; Borschinsky, Erik; Barthó, Bence; Stöfferle, Peter. In 2nd International Conference on Flight Vehicles, Aerothermodynamics and Re-entry Missions & Engineering (FAR). Heilbronn, Germany, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{inproceedings, address = {Heilbronn, Germany}, author = {Bergmann, Philip and Riegler, Clemens and Wolf, Jan and Werner, Lennart and Ludwig, Richter and Maximillian, Reigl and von Pichowski, Jan and Neumann, Tobias and Mutter, Julian and Mehringer, Johanna and Koch, Niels and Klaschka, Pablo and Gellermann, Moritz and Franssen, Liam and Ettinger, Amelie and Dunschen, Frederik and Bös, Cedric and Borschinsky, Erik and Barthó, Bence and Stöfferle, Peter}, booktitle = {2nd International Conference on Flight Vehicles, Aerothermodynamics and Re-entry Missions & Engineering (FAR)}, keywords = {autorotation}, month = {06}, title = {Modeling and validation of an autorotation landing controller for reentry and descent applications}, year = 2022 }
• Sensor fusion of IMU and GPS for geofencing on an industrial control system for safe mowing in road areas. Dumberger, S.; Edlinger, R.; Bauer, P.; Zauner, M.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the Autrian Robotics Workshop (ARW ’22), M. Brandst{ö}tter, G. Steinbauer-Wagner, J. Piater, and L.-M. Faller (eds.), pp. 91–96. Villach, Austria, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  The paper presents the implementation of geofenc- ing on a mobile industrial controller for the automation of a mobile carrier vehicle for agricultural use. This system is used to prevent collision with well-known obstacles as well as avoid the accidental run-away of the vehicle under autonomous operation. It describes the mathematical principle used, as well as the additional features needed for a practical implementation on an industrial controller. As it is necessary to ensure the operation under real-world conditions, the paper also handles the data acquisition, pre-filtering and sensor fusion for system. Finally the correct behavior of the system is evaluated with multiple test-cases as well as experimental field tests.

  @inproceedings{ARW2022_2, abstract = {The paper presents the implementation of geofenc- ing on a mobile industrial controller for the automation of a mobile carrier vehicle for agricultural use. This system is used to prevent collision with well-known obstacles as well as avoid the accidental run-away of the vehicle under autonomous operation. It describes the mathematical principle used, as well as the additional features needed for a practical implementation on an industrial controller. As it is necessary to ensure the operation under real-world conditions, the paper also handles the data acquisition, pre-filtering and sensor fusion for system. Finally the correct behavior of the system is evaluated with multiple test-cases as well as experimental field tests.}, address = {Villach, Austria}, author = {Dumberger, S. and Edlinger, R. and Bauer, P. and Zauner, M. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Autrian Robotics Workshop (ARW '22)}, editor = {Brandst{\"o}tter, M. and Steinbauer-Wagner, G. and Piater, J. and and L.-M. Faller}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, pages = {91–96}, title = {Sensor fusion of IMU and GPS for geofencing on an industrial control system for safe mowing in road areas}, year = 2022 }
• {femtoPro}: {Ultrafast} {Phenomena} in {Virtual} {Reality}. M{ü}ller, Stefan; Brixner, Tobias; Knote, Andreas; Schnepp, Wilhelm; Truman, Samuel; Vetter, Anne; von Mammen, Sebastian. In The {International} {Conference} on {Ultrafast} {Phenomena} ({UP}) 2022 (2022), paper {W4A}.42, p. W4A.42. Optica Publishing Group, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  We introduce ``femtoPro,'' an interactive simulator of an ultrafast laser laboratory in virtual reality (VR). Gaussian beam propagation as well as linear and nonlinear optical phenomena are calculated in real time on consumer-grade VR devices.

  @inproceedings{Muller:2022aa, abstract = {We introduce ``femtoPro,'' an interactive simulator of an ultrafast laser laboratory in virtual reality (VR). Gaussian beam propagation as well as linear and nonlinear optical phenomena are calculated in real time on consumer-grade VR devices.}, author = {M{\"u}ller, Stefan and Brixner, Tobias and Knote, Andreas and Schnepp, Wilhelm and Truman, Samuel and Vetter, Anne and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {The {International} {Conference} on {Ultrafast} {Phenomena} ({UP}) 2022 (2022), paper {W4A}.42}, keywords = {myown}, month = {07}, pages = {W4A.42}, publisher = {Optica Publishing Group}, title = {{femtoPro}: {Ultrafast} {Phenomena} in {Virtual} {Reality}}, year = 2022 }
• {Modular HRI Approach with reliable and resilient wireless communication for rescue robots and first responders}. Edlinger, R.; Anschober, M.; Froschauer, R.; N{ü}chter, A. In 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN’22). Napoli, Italy, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  In this paper, we present a user-selectable con- trol unit to make complex robot systems easier to operate. The robots are primarily used for obtaining information and manipulating dangerous objects or support emergency forces in dealing with crisis situations. Based on hazardous mission scenarios in which mobile robot systems are confronted with complex manipulation and maneuvering tasks (e.g., leakage of contaminants), new methods and concepts in the area of robot decision making, sensor data presentation and control concepts were developed to facilitate the handling and operation of assistance robots. The flexibility of the control concept approach is intended to increase the confidence of the emergency services and to provide intuitive operation of the assistance robots for every user. An intuitive control and stable communication for both control commands and feedback from the robot itself increase trust in the robotic system and its acceptance by the operators. These developments have been investigated in field trials with different types of robots and with network communication constraints.

  @inproceedings{ROMAN2022, abstract = {In this paper, we present a user-selectable con- trol unit to make complex robot systems easier to operate. The robots are primarily used for obtaining information and manipulating dangerous objects or support emergency forces in dealing with crisis situations. Based on hazardous mission scenarios in which mobile robot systems are confronted with complex manipulation and maneuvering tasks (e.g., leakage of contaminants), new methods and concepts in the area of robot decision making, sensor data presentation and control concepts were developed to facilitate the handling and operation of assistance robots. The flexibility of the control concept approach is intended to increase the confidence of the emergency services and to provide intuitive operation of the assistance robots for every user. An intuitive control and stable communication for both control commands and feedback from the robot itself increase trust in the robotic system and its acceptance by the operators. These developments have been investigated in field trials with different types of robots and with network communication constraints.}, address = {Napoli, Italy}, author = {Edlinger, R. and Anschober, M. and Froschauer, R. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN'22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {08}, title = {{Modular HRI Approach with reliable and resilient wireless communication for rescue robots and first responders}}, year = 2022 }
• {Pose estimation and mapping based on IMU and LiDAR}. Kaltenthaler, J.; Lauterbach, H. A.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 6th IFAC Symposium on Telematics Applications (TA ’22), pp. 71–76. Nancy, France, 2022.
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  In the field of autonomous motion and mapping, estimating the position and orientiation of a moving body is of high significance. This includes in particular the latest information about acceleration, speed, traveled distance and orientation. A wide range of different technologies exists that can be applied for this purpose. In case the state determination requires the use of inertial sensors only, it is well known that these types of sensors tend to drift with time. This leads to increasing errors in the calculated trajectory, which is unacceptable if precise position information is required such as for mapping. In this paper we present a method which significantly enhances the position estimation of inertial sensors by using a 2D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor.

  @inproceedings{TA2022_2, abstract = {In the field of autonomous motion and mapping, estimating the position and orientiation of a moving body is of high significance. This includes in particular the latest information about acceleration, speed, traveled distance and orientation. A wide range of different technologies exists that can be applied for this purpose. In case the state determination requires the use of inertial sensors only, it is well known that these types of sensors tend to drift with time. This leads to increasing errors in the calculated trajectory, which is unacceptable if precise position information is required such as for mapping. In this paper we present a method which significantly enhances the position estimation of inertial sensors by using a 2D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) sensor.}, address = {Nancy, France}, author = {Kaltenthaler, J. and Lauterbach, H. A. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th IFAC Symposium on Telematics Applications (TA '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, pages = {71-76}, title = {{Pose estimation and mapping based on IMU and LiDAR}}, year = 2022 }
• {AI supported Multi-Functional Gripping System for Dexterous Manipulation Tasks}. Edlinger, R.; F{ö}ls, C.; Mitterhuber, U.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR ’22), pp. 145–152. Seville, Spain, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Dexterous mobile manipulators that are capable of performing a wide array of tasks are essential for unstructured human-centered environments. Especially in rescue scenarios where time and resources are limited, a gripping system should be as versatile but at the same time as efficient as possible. In addition, situational awareness in accidents and impaired visibility is essential for safely performing missions or automating behaviors, and thus supporting operators. The main contribution of this work is a multi-functional gripping system with technologies and methods for manipulation in rescue and recovery operations as well as for handling hazardous materials. The gripping system is supplemented by an RGB and thermal camera and object detection algorithms, which run in real-time on an embedded device for robust recognition in harsh and dynamic environments. The proposed multi-functional gripping system has been thoroughly evaluated and tested in laboratory experiments and real field facilities.

  @inproceedings{SSRR2022_2, abstract = {Dexterous mobile manipulators that are capable of performing a wide array of tasks are essential for unstructured human-centered environments. Especially in rescue scenarios where time and resources are limited, a gripping system should be as versatile but at the same time as efficient as possible. In addition, situational awareness in accidents and impaired visibility is essential for safely performing missions or automating behaviors, and thus supporting operators. The main contribution of this work is a multi-functional gripping system with technologies and methods for manipulation in rescue and recovery operations as well as for handling hazardous materials. The gripping system is supplemented by an RGB and thermal camera and object detection algorithms, which run in real-time on an embedded device for robust recognition in harsh and dynamic environments. The proposed multi-functional gripping system has been thoroughly evaluated and tested in laboratory experiments and real field facilities.}, address = {Seville, Spain}, author = {Edlinger, R. and F{\"o}ls, C. and Mitterhuber, U. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 11, pages = {145–152}, title = {{AI supported Multi-Functional Gripping System for Dexterous Manipulation Tasks}}, year = 2022 }
• Mixed-Cultural Speech for Mixed-Cultural Users - Natural vs. Synthetic Speech for Virtual Agents. Obremski, David; Lugrin, Birgit. In HAI ’22: International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, pp. 290–292. ACM, 2022.
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  @inproceedings{Obremski_HAI_Poster_2022, author = {Obremski, David and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {HAI '22: International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction}, keywords = {accent}, month = 12, pages = {290-292}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Mixed-Cultural Speech for Mixed-Cultural Users - Natural vs. Synthetic Speech for Virtual Agents}, year = 2022 }
• WueDive - Complex systems ``Climate Change and the Effects on Health’’ - an innovative teaching project to enhance digital culture in medical education. {Vova, Oyudari}; König, Sarah; Monty, Samantha. In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, Vol. 2022, p. ED15C-0378. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{2022AGUFMED15C0378V, author = {{Vova, Oyudari}, Dr and König, Sarah and Monty, Samantha}, booktitle = {AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts}, keywords = {matoushs}, month = 12, pages = {ED15C-0378}, title = {WueDive - Complex systems ``Climate Change and the Effects on Health'' - an innovative teaching project to enhance digital culture in medical education.}, volume = 2022, year = 2022 }
• {T}errain prediction with a low-cost {LIDAR} sensor for mobile robots. Edlinger, R.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of LowCost3D 2022, of ISPRS Int. Archives Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W1-2022, pp. 81–86. W{ü}rzburg, Germany, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Terrain modelling influences various aspects of mobile robot navigation. The ability to explore in rough terrain and to recognise ground conditions are essential to perform different activities efficiently, safely and satisfactorily. For this reason, intelligent vehicles and robotic systems need cognitive capabilities to understand the terrain and derive information from it. The information is mostly acquired and processed by very high resolution 3D-cameras and LiDAR sensors which provide full 360-degree environmental view to deliver accurate 3D data. The aim of this paper is to find out whether a low-cost sensor variant can measure sufficient and significant data from the terrain in order to modify the navigation behaviour and provide the correct control commands. In this paper we describe a low-cost sensor with Infrared Time-of-Flight (ToF) technology and 64 pixel depth image. Furthermore, different experiments on the detection of the sensor were conducted and with appropriate filters and signal processing algorithms the environmental perception could be significantly improved. In summary, our results provide both evidence and guidelines for the use of the selected sensor in environmental perception to improve local obstacle detection and terrain modelling, which we believe will lead to a very cost-effective improvement in competence and situational awareness.

  @inproceedings{LC2022, abstract = {Terrain modelling influences various aspects of mobile robot navigation. The ability to explore in rough terrain and to recognise ground conditions are essential to perform different activities efficiently, safely and satisfactorily. For this reason, intelligent vehicles and robotic systems need cognitive capabilities to understand the terrain and derive information from it. The information is mostly acquired and processed by very high resolution 3D-cameras and LiDAR sensors which provide full 360-degree environmental view to deliver accurate 3D data. The aim of this paper is to find out whether a low-cost sensor variant can measure sufficient and significant data from the terrain in order to modify the navigation behaviour and provide the correct control commands. In this paper we describe a low-cost sensor with Infrared Time-of-Flight (ToF) technology and 64 pixel depth image. Furthermore, different experiments on the detection of the sensor were conducted and with appropriate filters and signal processing algorithms the environmental perception could be significantly improved. In summary, our results provide both evidence and guidelines for the use of the selected sensor in environmental perception to improve local obstacle detection and terrain modelling, which we believe will lead to a very cost-effective improvement in competence and situational awareness.}, address = {W{\"u}rzburg, Germany}, author = {Edlinger, R. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of LowCost3D 2022}, keywords = {author}, month = 12, pages = {81–86}, series = {ISPRS Int. Archives Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Spatial Inf. Sci., XLVIII-2/W1-2022}, title = {{T}errain prediction with a low-cost {LIDAR} sensor for mobile robots}, year = 2022 }
• The Influence of Visible Cables and Story Content on Perceived Autonomy in Social Human-Robot Interaction. Roesler, Eileen; Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lugrin, Birgit; Onnasch, Linda. In Robotics, 12(1), p. 3. MDPI, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{Roesler_2022, author = {Roesler, Eileen and Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lugrin, Birgit and Onnasch, Linda}, journal = {Robotics}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, month = 12, number = 1, pages = 3, publisher = {MDPI}, title = {The Influence of Visible Cables and Story Content on Perceived Autonomy in Social Human-Robot Interaction}, volume = 12, year = 2022 }
• Push the Red Button: Comparing Notification Placement with Augmented and Non-Augmented Tasks in AR. Plabst, Lucas; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Ortega, Francisco Raul; Niebling, Florian. In Proceedings of the 10th Symposium on Spatial User Interaction (SUI ’22). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2022.
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  @inproceedings{plabst2022press, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Plabst, Lucas and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Ortega, Francisco Raul and Niebling, Florian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th Symposium on Spatial User Interaction (SUI '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 12, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Push the Red Button: Comparing Notification Placement with Augmented and Non-Augmented Tasks in AR}, year = 2022 }
• Mixed-Cultural Speech for Intelligent Virtual Agents - the Impact of Different Non-Native Accents Using Natural or Synthetic Speech in the English Language. Obremski, David; Hering, Helena Babette; Friedrich, Paula; Lugrin, Birgit. In HAI ’22: International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction, pp. 67–75. ACM, 2022.
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  @inproceedings{Obremski_HAI_Paper_2022, author = {Obremski, David and Hering, Helena Babette and Friedrich, Paula and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {HAI '22: International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction}, keywords = {accent}, month = 12, pages = {67-75}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Mixed-Cultural Speech for Intelligent Virtual Agents - the Impact of Different Non-Native Accents Using Natural or Synthetic Speech in the English Language}, year = 2022 }
• The impact of mixed-cultural speech on the stereotypical perception of a virtual robot. Obremski, David; Friedrich, Paula; Haak, Nora; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit. In Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 9. Frontiers Media SA, 2022.
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  @article{Obremski_2022, author = {Obremski, David and Friedrich, Paula and Haak, Nora and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Frontiers in Robotics and AI}, keywords = {accent}, month = 11, publisher = {Frontiers Media SA}, title = {The impact of mixed-cultural speech on the stereotypical perception of a virtual robot}, volume = 9, year = 2022 }
• Fingerprinting Webpages and Smartphone Apps from Encrypted Network Traffic with WebScanner. Casas, Pedro; Wehner, Nikolas; Wassermann, Sarah; Seufert, Michael. In Global Internet (GI) Symposium. Paris, France, 2022.
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  The wide adoption of end-to-end encryption drastically limits the visibility Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have on the services consumed by their customers. This is particularly challenging for monitoring and analysis of web and apps traffic, which is highly complex and heterogeneous. Loading a web page or app today requires tens of flows to download the various resources located in distributed cloud servers from different content providers. We introduce WebScanner, a webpage and app fingerprinting approach capable to identify all the traffic flows corresponding to individual webpage and app loading sessions within concurrent web pages traffic, enabling highly detailed, per webpage analysis in practical deployments. Different from the state of the art in web and app traffic fingerprinting, and as our most relevant contribution, WebScanner automatically performs the parsing of all the traffic generated by a web visit and its isolation from concurrent traffic, instead of assuming that an external oracle system does so. WebScanner also implements a deep fingerprinting approach to detect user action-dependent traffic from apps, relying on simple machine learning models and strong input features as fingerprints. Extensive evaluation across a large measurement dataset of popular webpages and mobile apps confirms the outstanding performance of WebScanner, identifying the top-500 Alexa websites with precision and recall (P/R) above 95%, isolating their full contents with P/R above 80% for up to 15 concurrent webpages, and detecting specific action-dependent apps traffic with average P/R above 92%.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-18, abstract = {The wide adoption of end-to-end encryption drastically limits the visibility Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have on the services consumed by their customers. This is particularly challenging for monitoring and analysis of web and apps traffic, which is highly complex and heterogeneous. Loading a web page or app today requires tens of flows to download the various resources located in distributed cloud servers from different content providers. We introduce WebScanner, a webpage and app fingerprinting approach capable to identify all the traffic flows corresponding to individual webpage and app loading sessions within concurrent web pages traffic, enabling highly detailed, per webpage analysis in practical deployments. Different from the state of the art in web and app traffic fingerprinting, and as our most relevant contribution, WebScanner automatically performs the parsing of all the traffic generated by a web visit and its isolation from concurrent traffic, instead of assuming that an external oracle system does so. WebScanner also implements a deep fingerprinting approach to detect user action-dependent traffic from apps, relying on simple machine learning models and strong input features as fingerprints. Extensive evaluation across a large measurement dataset of popular webpages and mobile apps confirms the outstanding performance of WebScanner, identifying the top-500 Alexa websites with precision and recall (P/R) above 95%, isolating their full contents with P/R above 80% for up to 15 concurrent webpages, and detecting specific action-dependent apps traffic with average P/R above 92%.}, address = {Paris, France}, author = {Casas, Pedro and Wehner, Nikolas and Wassermann, Sarah and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {Global Internet (GI) Symposium}, keywords = {ucn}, month = 11, title = {Fingerprinting Webpages and Smartphone Apps from Encrypted Network Traffic with WebScanner}, year = 2022 }
• Exploratory Study on the Perception of Intelligent Virtual Agents With Non-Native Accents Using Synthetic and Natural Speech in German. Obremski, David; Hering, Helena Babette; Friedrich, Paula; Lugrin, Birgit. In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION. ACM, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @inproceedings{Obremski_2022, author = {Obremski, David and Hering, Helena Babette and Friedrich, Paula and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION}, keywords = {mi}, month = 11, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Exploratory Study on the Perception of Intelligent Virtual Agents With Non-Native Accents Using Synthetic and Natural Speech in German}, year = 2022 }
• SONATE-2 Nanosatellitenmission für Künstliche Intelligenz und Höhere Autonomie. Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas; Riegler, Clemens; Schwarz, Tobias. In Proceedings DLRK 2022. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Bonn, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{balagurin2022sonate2, address = {Bonn}, author = {Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas and Riegler, Clemens and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {Proceedings DLRK 2022}, keywords = {cubesat}, month = 11, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, title = {SONATE-2 Nanosatellitenmission für Künstliche Intelligenz und Höhere Autonomie}, year = 2022 }
• MultiView: Koordinierter Sternsensorverbund im TunaCan-Format für CubeSats. Neumann, T.; Balagurin, O.; Baldsiefen, D.; Gerling, T.; Kaiser, T.; Kayal, H.; Maurer, A.; Riegler, C.; Schwarz, T. In Proceedings DLRK 2022, p. 7. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V., Bonn, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Der Zusammenschluss mehrerer miniaturisierter Sternsensoren bietet in der richtigen Konfiguration eine stark erhöhte Verfügbarkeit an genauen Lagedaten. Das begrenzte Bauvolumen auf einem CubeSat stellt dabei eine Herausforderung dar. Die Verwendung des TunaCan-Slots, verbunden mit dem Einsatz der gegebenen hohen Sensorredundanz, ermöglicht allerdings die Realisierung eines solchen Verbundes, während die Anforderungen im Rahmen einer CubeSat-Mission bleiben. Die internen Komponenten müssen selbständig miteinander arbeiten, um die funktionale Redundanz zu bewerkstelligen. Dazu zählt sowohl die Software als auch die entsprechend entworfene Elektronik. In diesem Paper wird solch ein Konzept ausgearbeitet und die Implementierung aufgeführt. Die interne Arbeitsweise zur Redundanzsteuerung und der Datenverarbeitung wird erläutert und die Validierung zum Einsatz im Orbit in Aussicht gestellt.

  @inproceedings{neumann2022multiview, abstract = {Der Zusammenschluss mehrerer miniaturisierter Sternsensoren bietet in der richtigen Konfiguration eine stark erhöhte Verfügbarkeit an genauen Lagedaten. Das begrenzte Bauvolumen auf einem CubeSat stellt dabei eine Herausforderung dar. Die Verwendung des TunaCan-Slots, verbunden mit dem Einsatz der gegebenen hohen Sensorredundanz, ermöglicht allerdings die Realisierung eines solchen Verbundes, während die Anforderungen im Rahmen einer CubeSat-Mission bleiben. Die internen Komponenten müssen selbständig miteinander arbeiten, um die funktionale Redundanz zu bewerkstelligen. Dazu zählt sowohl die Software als auch die entsprechend entworfene Elektronik. In diesem Paper wird solch ein Konzept ausgearbeitet und die Implementierung aufgeführt. Die interne Arbeitsweise zur Redundanzsteuerung und der Datenverarbeitung wird erläutert und die Validierung zum Einsatz im Orbit in Aussicht gestellt.}, address = {Bonn}, author = {Neumann, T. and Balagurin, O. and Baldsiefen, D. and Gerling, T. and Kaiser, T. and Kayal, H. and Maurer, A. and Riegler, C. and Schwarz, T.}, booktitle = {Proceedings DLRK 2022}, keywords = {myown}, month = 11, pages = 7, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt - Lilienthal-Oberth e.V.}, title = {MultiView: Koordinierter Sternsensorverbund im TunaCan-Format für CubeSats}, year = 2022 }
• {A}n innovative pick-up and transport robot system for casualty evacuation. Edlinger, R.; F{ö}ls, C.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR ’22), pp. 67–73. Seville, Spain, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper addresses the search and rescue scenario Casualty Evacuation (CasEvac) at the European Land Robot Trial (ELROB). A disaster response robot can be sent into areas to rescue victims where it is too dangerous for human rescue due to environmental issues like the danger of collapse or radioactivity. If injured persons are no longer able to move, the robot must be able to rescue them from the danger zone. This paper addresses this scenario and describes our system design, the manipulator tool and the innovative control mechanism for transporting victims. The experiment was tested at the competition and compared with other solutions from the participating teams and currently implemented developments.

  @inproceedings{SSRR2022_1, abstract = {This paper addresses the search and rescue scenario Casualty Evacuation (CasEvac) at the European Land Robot Trial (ELROB). A disaster response robot can be sent into areas to rescue victims where it is too dangerous for human rescue due to environmental issues like the danger of collapse or radioactivity. If injured persons are no longer able to move, the robot must be able to rescue them from the danger zone. This paper addresses this scenario and describes our system design, the manipulator tool and the innovative control mechanism for transporting victims. The experiment was tested at the competition and compared with other solutions from the participating teams and currently implemented developments.}, address = {Seville, Spain}, author = {Edlinger, R. and F{\"o}ls, C. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 11, pages = {67–73}, title = {{A}n innovative pick-up and transport robot system for casualty evacuation}, year = 2022 }
• SCRAPS: Scalable Collective Remote Attestation for Pub-Sub IoT Networks with Untrusted Proxy Verifier. Petzi, Lukas; Ben Yahya, Ala Eddine; Dmitrienko, Alexandra; Tsudik, Gene; Prantl, Thomas; Kounev, Samuel. Vol. 31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22). USENIX Association, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Remote Attestation (RA) is a basic security mechanism that detects malicious presence on various types of computing components, e.g., IoT devices. In a typical IoT setting, RA involves a trusted Verifier that sends a challenge to an untrusted remote Prover, which must in turn reply with a fresh and authentic evidence of being in a trustworthy state. However,most current RA schemes assume a central Verifier, which rep-resents a single point of failure. This feature is problematic when mutually suspicious stakeholders are involved. Furthermore, scalability issues arise as the number of IoT devices (Provers) grows. Although some RA schemes allow peer Provers to act as Verifiers, they involve unrealistic (for IoT devices) requirements, such as time synchronization and synchronous communication. Moreover, they incur heavy memory, computation,and communication burdens, while not considering sleeping or otherwise disconnected devices. Motivated by the need to address these limitations, we construct Scalable Collective Remote Attestation for Pub-Sub (SCRAPS), a novel collective RA scheme. It achieves scalability by outsourcing Verifier duties to a smart contract and mitigates DoS attacks against both Provers and Verifiers. It also removes the need for synchronous communication. Furthermore,RA evidence in SCRAPS is publicly verifiable, which significantly reduces the number of attestation evidence computations, thus lowering Prover burden. We report on a prototype of SCRAPS over Hyperledger Sawtooth (a blockchain geared for IoT use-cases) and evaluate its performance, scalability, and security aspects.

  @proceedings{petzi2022scraps, abstract = {Remote Attestation (RA) is a basic security mechanism that detects malicious presence on various types of computing components, e.g., IoT devices. In a typical IoT setting, RA involves a trusted Verifier that sends a challenge to an untrusted remote Prover, which must in turn reply with a fresh and authentic evidence of being in a trustworthy state. However,most current RA schemes assume a central Verifier, which rep-resents a single point of failure. This feature is problematic when mutually suspicious stakeholders are involved. Furthermore, scalability issues arise as the number of IoT devices (Provers) grows. Although some RA schemes allow peer Provers to act as Verifiers, they involve unrealistic (for IoT devices) requirements, such as time synchronization and synchronous communication. Moreover, they incur heavy memory, computation,and communication burdens, while not considering sleeping or otherwise disconnected devices. Motivated by the need to address these limitations, we construct Scalable Collective Remote Attestation for Pub-Sub (SCRAPS), a novel collective RA scheme. It achieves scalability by outsourcing Verifier duties to a smart contract and mitigates DoS attacks against both Provers and Verifiers. It also removes the need for synchronous communication. Furthermore,RA evidence in SCRAPS is publicly verifiable, which significantly reduces the number of attestation evidence computations, thus lowering Prover burden. We report on a prototype of SCRAPS over Hyperledger Sawtooth (a blockchain geared for IoT use-cases) and evaluate its performance, scalability, and security aspects.}, author = {Petzi, Lukas and Ben Yahya, Ala Eddine and Dmitrienko, Alexandra and Tsudik, Gene and Prantl, Thomas and Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {sss-group}, month = {08}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, title = {SCRAPS: Scalable Collective Remote Attestation for Pub-Sub IoT Networks with Untrusted Proxy Verifier}, volume = {31st USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 22)}, year = 2022 }
• Ransomware Detection in Databases through Dynamic Analysis of Query Sequences. Sendner, Christoph; Iffländer, Lukas; Schindler, Sebastian; Jobst, Michael; Dmitrienko, Alexandra; Kounev, Samuel. In IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS). IEEE, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{sendner2022ransomware, author = {Sendner, Christoph and Iffländer, Lukas and Schindler, Sebastian and Jobst, Michael and Dmitrienko, Alexandra and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS)}, keywords = {sss-group}, month = 11, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Ransomware Detection in Databases through Dynamic Analysis of Query Sequences}, year = 2022 }
• Comparing Traditional and GAN-based Approaches for the Synthesis of Wide Area Network Topologies. Dietz, Katharina; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 18th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM). Thessaloniki, Greece, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-16, address = {Thessaloniki, Greece}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {18th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = 10, title = {Comparing Traditional and GAN-based Approaches for the Synthesis of Wide Area Network Topologies}, year = 2022 }
• {Trajectory Optimization and Following for a Three Degrees of Freedom Overactuated Floating Platform}. Bredenbeck, A.; Vyas, S.; Zwick, M.; Borrmann, D.; Olivares-Mendez, M.A.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS ’22), pp. 4084–4091. Kyoto, Japan, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Applications of space robotics, such as Active Space Debris Removal (ASDR), require representative test- ing before launch. A commonly used approach to emulate the microgravity environment in space are air-bearing based platforms on flat-floors, such as the European Space Agency’s Orbital Robotics and GNC Lab (ORGL). This work proposes a control architecture for a floating platform at the ORGL, equipped with eight solenoid-valve-based thrusters and one reaction wheel. The control architecture consists of two main components: a trajectory planner that finds optimal trajectories connecting two states and a trajectory follower that follows any physically feasible trajectory. The controller is first evaluated within an introduced simulation, achieving a 100\% success rate at finding and following trajectories to the origin within a Monte-Carlo test. Individual trajectories are also successfully followed by the physical system. In this work, we showcase the ability of the controller to reject disturbances and follow a straight-line trajectory within tens of centimeters.

  @inproceedings{IROS2022_2, abstract = {Applications of space robotics, such as Active Space Debris Removal (ASDR), require representative test- ing before launch. A commonly used approach to emulate the microgravity environment in space are air-bearing based platforms on flat-floors, such as the European Space Agency’s Orbital Robotics and GNC Lab (ORGL). This work proposes a control architecture for a floating platform at the ORGL, equipped with eight solenoid-valve-based thrusters and one reaction wheel. The control architecture consists of two main components: a trajectory planner that finds optimal trajectories connecting two states and a trajectory follower that follows any physically feasible trajectory. The controller is first evaluated within an introduced simulation, achieving a 100\% success rate at finding and following trajectories to the origin within a Monte-Carlo test. Individual trajectories are also successfully followed by the physical system. In this work, we showcase the ability of the controller to reject disturbances and follow a straight-line trajectory within tens of centimeters.}, address = {Kyoto, Japan}, author = {Bredenbeck, A. and Vyas, S. and Zwick, M. and Borrmann, D. and Olivares-Mendez, M.A. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 10, pages = {4084–4091}, title = {{Trajectory Optimization and Following for a Three Degrees of Freedom Overactuated Floating Platform}}, year = 2022 }
• Digitale Leseförderung: Effekte eines silbenbasierten digitalen Lesetrainings in Klasse 2. Heß, J.; Karageorgos, P.; Richter, T.; Müller, B.; Riedmann, A.; Schaper, P.; Lugrin, B. In Vortrag auf dem 52. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs). 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{hess2022digitale, author = {Heß, J. and Karageorgos, P. and Richter, T. and Müller, B. and Riedmann, A. and Schaper, P. and Lugrin, B.}, booktitle = {Vortrag auf dem 52. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie (DGPs)}, keywords = {mi}, title = {Digitale Leseförderung: Effekte eines silbenbasierten digitalen Lesetrainings in Klasse 2}, year = 2022 }
• Generic Model to Quantify Energy Consumption for Different LoRaWAN Channel Access Methods. Loh, Frank; Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 18th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  LoRaWAN is one of the most promising Internet of Things technologies with regard to low energy consumption. However, the currently used random channel access has much potential for improvement. Thus, current literature studies alternative channel access approaches, but the energy consumption is often not taken into consideration. For that reason, we present a generic model to quantify energy consumption in LoRaWAN for different channel access mechanisms based on a state machine. With our model, we can describe the energy consumption for specific access mechanisms or for the complete network. Our model shows that random access only performs best if no additional receive windows are opened. A simple improvement is Listen before Talk. For networks with high load, improvements are achieved by a more complex scheduled MAC. Our model serves as a basis for future energy consumption studies, conducted through measurements or simulations.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-21, abstract = {LoRaWAN is one of the most promising Internet of Things technologies with regard to low energy consumption. However, the currently used random channel access has much potential for improvement. Thus, current literature studies alternative channel access approaches, but the energy consumption is often not taken into consideration. For that reason, we present a generic model to quantify energy consumption in LoRaWAN for different channel access mechanisms based on a state machine. With our model, we can describe the energy consumption for specific access mechanisms or for the complete network. Our model shows that random access only performs best if no additional receive windows are opened. A simple improvement is Listen before Talk. For networks with high load, improvements are achieved by a more complex scheduled MAC. Our model serves as a basis for future energy consumption studies, conducted through measurements or simulations.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {18th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)}, keywords = {5mart}, month = 10, title = {Generic Model to Quantify Energy Consumption for Different LoRaWAN Channel Access Methods}, year = 2022 }
• Parametric Skin Wound Generation for Medical Simulations. Schott, Christian; Hofmann, Sarah; von Mammen, Sebastian. In 2022 International Conference on Interactive Media, Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies (IMET), pp. 1–8. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Medical simulations offer various opportunities to improve treatment training in different areas of medicine. The realism and thus effectiveness of wound care training goes hand in hand with the realism of the wounds themselves. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to (a) procedurally generate convincing-looking wound textures and (b) to dynamically project them onto animated, skinned meshes. Our method allows for creating dermal wounds of different types including abrasions, lacerations and puncture wounds. We analyzed the outcome by recreating visualization instances of these types, demonstrating the applicability of our system.

  @inproceedings{Schott:2022ab, abstract = {Medical simulations offer various opportunities to improve treatment training in different areas of medicine. The realism and thus effectiveness of wound care training goes hand in hand with the realism of the wounds themselves. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to (a) procedurally generate convincing-looking wound textures and (b) to dynamically project them onto animated, skinned meshes. Our method allows for creating dermal wounds of different types including abrasions, lacerations and puncture wounds. We analyzed the outcome by recreating visualization instances of these types, demonstrating the applicability of our system.}, author = {Schott, Christian and Hofmann, Sarah and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {2022 International Conference on Interactive Media, Smart Systems and Emerging Technologies (IMET)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 10, pages = {1-8}, title = {Parametric Skin Wound Generation for Medical Simulations}, year = 2022 }
• Discrete-Time Analysis of Multi-Component Queuing Networks under Renewal Approximation. Geißler, Stefan; Lange, Stanislav; Haßllinger, Gerhard; Tran-Gia, Phuoc; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 34st International Teletraffic Congress (ITC). , Shenzhen, China. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The analytical and numerical performance evaluation of network components and distributed systems has been a staple in the networking community for many years. However, the ever growing complexity of modern systems and the need to gain detailed insights into systems consisting of many, interconnected components emphasizes the need for an extension to the classical single-component approach, and although approaches like Jackson Networks exist, their limited application scope lags behind the complexity of modern environments. To this end, we revisit existing models of the common Gi/Gi/1-oo queue, extend them to allow the concatenation of multiple queueing components, and evaluate the approximation error introduced through renewal approximation. We revisit previously performed parameter studies and evaluate the approximation error for a wide range of parameter combinations that we can solve through the power of modern computing equipment and efficient numerical implementations of our models. We show the main impact factors for the linear concatenation of queueing components as well as the split and superposition of processes. Our evaluations show that the renewal approximation can be applied to a wide range of parameters while still obtaining results within acceptable error margins.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-17, abstract = {The analytical and numerical performance evaluation of network components and distributed systems has been a staple in the networking community for many years. However, the ever growing complexity of modern systems and the need to gain detailed insights into systems consisting of many, interconnected components emphasizes the need for an extension to the classical single-component approach, and although approaches like Jackson Networks exist, their limited application scope lags behind the complexity of modern environments. To this end, we revisit existing models of the common Gi/Gi/1-oo queue, extend them to allow the concatenation of multiple queueing components, and evaluate the approximation error introduced through renewal approximation. We revisit previously performed parameter studies and evaluate the approximation error for a wide range of parameter combinations that we can solve through the power of modern computing equipment and efficient numerical implementations of our models. We show the main impact factors for the linear concatenation of queueing components as well as the split and superposition of processes. Our evaluations show that the renewal approximation can be applied to a wide range of parameters while still obtaining results within acceptable error margins.}, author = {Geißler, Stefan and Lange, Stanislav and Haßllinger, Gerhard and Tran-Gia, Phuoc and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {34st International Teletraffic Congress (ITC). , Shenzhen, China}, keywords = {can}, month = {09}, title = {Discrete-Time Analysis of Multi-Component Queuing Networks under Renewal Approximation}, year = 2022 }
• Hardware and Software Redundancy Concepts on-board of SONATE-2. Maurer, Andreas; Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Riegler, Clemens; Schwarz, Tobias. Vol. IAC 2022 congress proceedings, p. 11. International Astronautical Federation (IAF), 100 Avenue de Suffren 75015 Paris, France, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  SONATE-2 is a 6U-CubeSat, which main mission goal is the in-orbit demonstration of a newly developed AI processing platform. Experiments running on this platform include lightening detection, image segmentation and anomaly detection in images taken by the satellite. Thereby, on-board training of neural networks for AI based image processing applications will be demonstrated. Secondary mission objectives include the verification of AOCS components, tests of the ADCS’s target-pointing capabilities and the operation of an amateur radio payload. The SONATE-2 satellite is planned to be launched into a SSO in Q1 2024. \par In satellites, redundancy plays a key role due to the lack of hardware-based maintenance availability, but also because of the harsh space environment. Therefore, SONATE-2 consists of two fully redundant 5V and 12V busses which supply the satellite’s subsystems and payloads with the required amount of power. Redundant subsystems are connected to one of the two power busses. In case of a power failure on one of the two busses, the redundant component supplied by the other bus is then still operational. \par A key element of the design of SONATE-2 is hardware-based redundancy of the communication subsystem, the ADCS, the OBDH and the AI payload. Each of these subsystems is included multiple times on-board. SONATE-2’s communication subsystem consists of two VHF-, two UHF- and two S-Band transceivers and antennas. The ADCS includes two processing computers and a total of four three-axis magnetometers, four three-axis gyroscopes, six reaction wheel, six magnetorquer and 12 sun sensors. On-board data handling tasks are executed by one of four available OBDH computers. The decision which OBDH is executing the telecommand processing and housekeeping tasks is determined by a software-based role arbitration. Furthermore, the AI-payload which consists of a Nvidia Jetson Xavier NX and four cameras is integrated in the satellite twice. \par Each of these subsystems have further built-in software-based redundancy concepts, including fault detection, isolation, and recovery algorithms as well as redundant saved configurations. This paper gives a brief overview of the SONATE-2 mission with the focus on the built-in hardware and software redundancy concepts of the satellite bus and the payloads on SONATE-2.

  @conference{maurer2022hardware, abstract = {SONATE-2 is a 6U-CubeSat, which main mission goal is the in-orbit demonstration of a newly developed AI processing platform. Experiments running on this platform include lightening detection, image segmentation and anomaly detection in images taken by the satellite. Thereby, on-board training of neural networks for AI based image processing applications will be demonstrated. Secondary mission objectives include the verification of AOCS components, tests of the ADCS’s target-pointing capabilities and the operation of an amateur radio payload. The SONATE-2 satellite is planned to be launched into a SSO in Q1 2024. \par In satellites, redundancy plays a key role due to the lack of hardware-based maintenance availability, but also because of the harsh space environment. Therefore, SONATE-2 consists of two fully redundant 5V and 12V busses which supply the satellite’s subsystems and payloads with the required amount of power. Redundant subsystems are connected to one of the two power busses. In case of a power failure on one of the two busses, the redundant component supplied by the other bus is then still operational. \par A key element of the design of SONATE-2 is hardware-based redundancy of the communication subsystem, the ADCS, the OBDH and the AI payload. Each of these subsystems is included multiple times on-board. SONATE-2’s communication subsystem consists of two VHF-, two UHF- and two S-Band transceivers and antennas. The ADCS includes two processing computers and a total of four three-axis magnetometers, four three-axis gyroscopes, six reaction wheel, six magnetorquer and 12 sun sensors. On-board data handling tasks are executed by one of four available OBDH computers. The decision which OBDH is executing the telecommand processing and housekeeping tasks is determined by a software-based role arbitration. Furthermore, the AI-payload which consists of a Nvidia Jetson Xavier NX and four cameras is integrated in the satellite twice. \par Each of these subsystems have further built-in software-based redundancy concepts, including fault detection, isolation, and recovery algorithms as well as redundant saved configurations. This paper gives a brief overview of the SONATE-2 mission with the focus on the built-in hardware and software redundancy concepts of the satellite bus and the payloads on SONATE-2.}, address = {100 Avenue de Suffren 75015 Paris, France}, author = {Maurer, Andreas and Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Riegler, Clemens and Schwarz, Tobias}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, pages = 11, publisher = {International Astronautical Federation (IAF)}, title = {Hardware and Software Redundancy Concepts on-board of SONATE-2}, volume = {IAC 2022 congress proceedings}, year = 2022 }
• Waiting along the Path: How Browsing Delays Impact the QoE of Music Streaming Applications. Seufert, Anika; Schweifler, Ralf; Poignée, Fabian; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 14th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Streaming has become the dominant source of media consumption, which not only applies to the widely researched field of video streaming, but also to music streaming. Here, previous studies so far have only researched the impact of streaming aspects, such as stalling events or initial loading times, on the QoE of music streaming. However, when using a music streaming application, users are already facing waiting times along the click path before they can start the actual streaming. These waiting times are caused by browsing delays, e.g., during searching for songs or scrolling through playlists, and can potentially deteriorate the QoE of the music streaming application. In this work, we conduct an online QoE study to quantify the impact of these browsing delays with the support of an emulated mobile music streaming web app. We found that browsing delays have no impact on the music streaming QoE, which shows that users are able to clearly distinguish between the two main functionalities of such apps, namely, browsing and streaming. However, browsing delays significantly reduce the QoE of the entire music streaming application, to a similar extent as if QoE degradations happen during the actual streaming. This shows that both browsing and streaming are equally important and have to be considered when designing music streaming applications.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-13, abstract = {Streaming has become the dominant source of media consumption, which not only applies to the widely researched field of video streaming, but also to music streaming. Here, previous studies so far have only researched the impact of streaming aspects, such as stalling events or initial loading times, on the QoE of music streaming. However, when using a music streaming application, users are already facing waiting times along the click path before they can start the actual streaming. These waiting times are caused by browsing delays, e.g., during searching for songs or scrolling through playlists, and can potentially deteriorate the QoE of the music streaming application. In this work, we conduct an online QoE study to quantify the impact of these browsing delays with the support of an emulated mobile music streaming web app. We found that browsing delays have no impact on the music streaming QoE, which shows that users are able to clearly distinguish between the two main functionalities of such apps, namely, browsing and streaming. However, browsing delays significantly reduce the QoE of the entire music streaming application, to a similar extent as if QoE degradations happen during the actual streaming. This shows that both browsing and streaming are equally important and have to be considered when designing music streaming applications.}, author = {Seufert, Anika and Schweifler, Ralf and Poignée, Fabian and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {14th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {Waiting along the Path: How Browsing Delays Impact the QoE of Music Streaming Applications}, year = 2022 }
• A Vital Improvement? Relating Google’s Core Web Vitals to Actual Web QoE. Wehner, Nikolas; Amir, Monisha; Seufert, Michael; Schatz, Raimund; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 14th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX), Best Paper Award. Lippstadt, Germany, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Providing sophisticated Web Quality of Experience (QoE) has become paramount for web service providers and network operators alike. Due to advances in Web technologies (HTML5, responsive design, etc.), traditional Web QoE models focusing mainly on loading times have to be refined and improved. In this work, we relate Google's Core Web Vitals, a set of metrics for improving user experience, to the loading time aspects of Web QoE. To this end, we first perform objective measurements in the Web using Google's Lighthouse. To close the gap between metrics and experience, we complement these objective measurements with subjective assessment by performing multiple crowdsourcing QoE studies. In these studies, we use CWeQS, a customized framework to emulate the entire web page loading process, and ask users for their experience while controlling the Core Web Vitals. Our results suggest that the Core Web Vitals have less predictive value for Web QoE than expected and that page loading times remain the main influence factor in this context.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-12, abstract = {Providing sophisticated Web Quality of Experience (QoE) has become paramount for web service providers and network operators alike. Due to advances in Web technologies (HTML5, responsive design, etc.), traditional Web QoE models focusing mainly on loading times have to be refined and improved. In this work, we relate Google's Core Web Vitals, a set of metrics for improving user experience, to the loading time aspects of Web QoE. To this end, we first perform objective measurements in the Web using Google's Lighthouse. To close the gap between metrics and experience, we complement these objective measurements with subjective assessment by performing multiple crowdsourcing QoE studies. In these studies, we use CWeQS, a customized framework to emulate the entire web page loading process, and ask users for their experience while controlling the Core Web Vitals. Our results suggest that the Core Web Vitals have less predictive value for Web QoE than expected and that page loading times remain the main influence factor in this context.}, address = {Lippstadt, Germany}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Amir, Monisha and Seufert, Michael and Schatz, Raimund and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {14th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX), Best Paper Award}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {09}, title = {A Vital Improvement? Relating Google's Core Web Vitals to Actual Web QoE}, year = 2022 }
• Repeated experience or a virtual nose to reduce simulator sickness? Investigating prediction of the sensorial conflict theory and the rest-frame hypothesis in two virtual games. Wienrich, Carolin; Obremski, David; Israel, Johann Habakuk. In Entertainment Computing, 43, p. 100514. Elsevier {BV}, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{Wienrich_2022, author = {Wienrich, Carolin and Obremski, David and Israel, Johann Habakuk}, journal = {Entertainment Computing}, keywords = {MI}, month = {08}, pages = 100514, publisher = {Elsevier {BV}}, title = {Repeated experience or a virtual nose to reduce simulator sickness? Investigating prediction of the sensorial conflict theory and the rest-frame hypothesis in two virtual games}, volume = 43, year = 2022 }
• Door Pose Estimation and Robot Positioning for Autonomous Door Opening. Mitterhuber, U.; Edlinger, R.; Froschauer, R.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the Autrian Robotics Workshop (ARW ’22), M. Brandst{ö}tter, G. Steinbauer-Wagner, J. Piater, and L.-M. Faller (eds.), pp. 36–41. Villach, Austria, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  For autonomous robots to deliver value in human centered environments, they must be able to autonomously open doors. For doing so, they have to overcome multiple challenges, one of which is, to estimate the desired door’s orientation and position. The information if the door handle is on the left or right side of the door must also be obtained. In this work, a novel method, solving the stated problems is proposed. It’s perception is based on a sensor fusion of a monocular camera based state-of-the-art deep learning object detection algorithm with a 2D laser scan and subsequent line estimation. Additionally, a differential drive controller, using the advancement of continuous goal pose updating, is proposed. During real-world experimentation with a differential drive robot, the implemented system was able to position the robot in front of a door every time with sufficient accuracy and is thus found to solve the stated problem successfully.

  @inproceedings{ARW2022_1, abstract = {For autonomous robots to deliver value in human centered environments, they must be able to autonomously open doors. For doing so, they have to overcome multiple challenges, one of which is, to estimate the desired door’s orientation and position. The information if the door handle is on the left or right side of the door must also be obtained. In this work, a novel method, solving the stated problems is proposed. It’s perception is based on a sensor fusion of a monocular camera based state-of-the-art deep learning object detection algorithm with a 2D laser scan and subsequent line estimation. Additionally, a differential drive controller, using the advancement of continuous goal pose updating, is proposed. During real-world experimentation with a differential drive robot, the implemented system was able to position the robot in front of a door every time with sufficient accuracy and is thus found to solve the stated problem successfully.}, address = {Villach, Austria}, author = {Mitterhuber, U. and Edlinger, R. and Froschauer, R. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Autrian Robotics Workshop (ARW '22)}, editor = {Brandst{\"o}tter, M. and Steinbauer-Wagner, G. and Piater, J. and and L.-M. Faller}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, pages = {36–41}, title = {Door Pose Estimation and Robot Positioning for Autonomous Door Opening}, year = 2022 }
• {The concept of rod-driven locomotion for spherical lunar exploration robots}. Zevering, J.; Borrmann, D.; Bredenbeck, A.; N{ü}chter, A. In IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS ’22), pp. 5656–5663. Kyoto, Japan, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  A spherical robotic probe has several advantages in rough environments and has therefore raised interest for application in planetary exploration. A sphere is well-suited to protect high-sensitive payloads, however, the locomotion system for planetary surfaces raises several challenges. This paper presents a novel locomotion system consisting of linear actuators which are usable in a multi-functional fashion. Apart from pushing and bringing leverage for locomotion the extendable rods enable a tripod mode for improved sensing. The developed solutions offer a mathematical-physical system description, simple algorithms for the control of locomotion and balancing as well as general calculations for determining the maximum achievable performance parameters of such a robot. The first built prototype shows the basic suitability of the system and reveals directions for further research.

  @inproceedings{IROS2022_1, abstract = {A spherical robotic probe has several advantages in rough environments and has therefore raised interest for application in planetary exploration. A sphere is well-suited to protect high-sensitive payloads, however, the locomotion system for planetary surfaces raises several challenges. This paper presents a novel locomotion system consisting of linear actuators which are usable in a multi-functional fashion. Apart from pushing and bringing leverage for locomotion the extendable rods enable a tripod mode for improved sensing. The developed solutions offer a mathematical-physical system description, simple algorithms for the control of locomotion and balancing as well as general calculations for determining the maximum achievable performance parameters of such a robot. The first built prototype shows the basic suitability of the system and reveals directions for further research.}, address = {Kyoto, Japan}, author = {Zevering, J. and Borrmann, D. and Bredenbeck, A. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 10, pages = {5656–5663}, title = {{The concept of rod-driven locomotion for spherical lunar exploration robots}}, year = 2022 }
• Constant Delay Switching: Asynchronous Traffic Shaping with Jitter Control. Grigorjew, Alexej; Metzger, Florian; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Specht, Johannes; Götz, Franz-Josef; Chen, Feng; Schmitt, Jürgen. In 2022 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Recent developments in the Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) group have put forth a number of mechanisms to improve deterministic latency in layer 2 switches. Their shaping approaches differ with respect to prerequisites, flexibility, maximum latency, and latency variation (jitter). Asynchronous solutions provide flexibility in dynamic scenarios, but Credit-Based Shaping (CBS) and Asynchronous Traffic Shaping (ATS) come with a high latency variance, as the minimum latency is not affected by them. Some applications in industrial and automotive use cases require low jitter while trying to avoid a dependency on time synchronization, and even TSN's redundancy mechanism benefits from a lower latency variance. This work is bridging the gap between low-jitter transmission requirements and asynchronous shaping mechanisms. In this paper, the application of a stateless Asynchronous Constant Delay Shaper (ACDS) is discussed. It collects the queuing duration from the previous bridge to delay each frame for the remaining time such that a constant per-hop delay for each frame is achieved. The discussion includes the prerequisites, the mechanism itself, and its technical complexity, as well as a formal analysis of its guaranteed latency by proving its relation to a token-bucket based ATS. Further, two extensions are discussed, and an evaluation shows the applicability of ACDS by comparing its jitter to ATS in a frame-level simulation.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-15, abstract = {Recent developments in the Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) group have put forth a number of mechanisms to improve deterministic latency in layer 2 switches. Their shaping approaches differ with respect to prerequisites, flexibility, maximum latency, and latency variation (jitter). Asynchronous solutions provide flexibility in dynamic scenarios, but Credit-Based Shaping (CBS) and Asynchronous Traffic Shaping (ATS) come with a high latency variance, as the minimum latency is not affected by them. Some applications in industrial and automotive use cases require low jitter while trying to avoid a dependency on time synchronization, and even TSN's redundancy mechanism benefits from a lower latency variance. This work is bridging the gap between low-jitter transmission requirements and asynchronous shaping mechanisms. In this paper, the application of a stateless Asynchronous Constant Delay Shaper (ACDS) is discussed. It collects the queuing duration from the previous bridge to delay each frame for the remaining time such that a constant per-hop delay for each frame is achieved. The discussion includes the prerequisites, the mechanism itself, and its technical complexity, as well as a formal analysis of its guaranteed latency by proving its relation to a token-bucket based ATS. Further, two extensions are discussed, and an evaluation shows the applicability of ACDS by comparing its jitter to ATS in a frame-level simulation.}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Metzger, Florian and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Specht, Johannes and Götz, Franz-Josef and Chen, Feng and Schmitt, Jürgen}, booktitle = {2022 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking)}, keywords = {kosinu5}, month = {06}, title = {Constant Delay Switching: Asynchronous Traffic Shaping with Jitter Control}, year = 2022 }
• The State of Serverless Applications: Collection, Characterization, and Community Consensus. Eismann, Simon; Scheuner, Joel; van Eyk, Erwin; Schwinger, Maximilian; Grohmann, Johannes; Herbst, Nikolas; Abad, Cristina; Iosup, Alexandru. In Transactions on Software Engineering, 48(10), pp. 4152–4166. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Over the last five years, all major cloud platform providers have increased their serverless offerings. Many early adopters report significant benefits for serverless-based over traditional applications, and many companies are considering moving to serverless themselves. However, currently there exist only few, scattered, and sometimes even conflicting reports on when serverless applications are well suited and what the best practices for their implementation are. We address this problem in the present study about the state of serverless applications. We collect descriptions of 89 serverless applications from open-source projects, academic literature, industrial literature, and domain-specific feedback. We analyze 16 characteristics that describe why and when successful adopters are using serverless applications, and how they are building them. We further compare the results of our characterization study to 10 existing, mostly industrial, studies and datasets; this allows us to identify points of consensus across multiple studies, investigate points of disagreement, and overall confirm the validity of our results. The results of this study can help managers to decide if they should adopt serverless technology, engineers to learn about current practices of building serverless applications, and researchers and platform providers to better understand the current landscape of serverless applications.

  @article{eismann2021state, abstract = {Over the last five years, all major cloud platform providers have increased their serverless offerings. Many early adopters report significant benefits for serverless-based over traditional applications, and many companies are considering moving to serverless themselves. However, currently there exist only few, scattered, and sometimes even conflicting reports on when serverless applications are well suited and what the best practices for their implementation are. We address this problem in the present study about the state of serverless applications. We collect descriptions of 89 serverless applications from open-source projects, academic literature, industrial literature, and domain-specific feedback. We analyze 16 characteristics that describe why and when successful adopters are using serverless applications, and how they are building them. We further compare the results of our characterization study to 10 existing, mostly industrial, studies and datasets; this allows us to identify points of consensus across multiple studies, investigate points of disagreement, and overall confirm the validity of our results. The results of this study can help managers to decide if they should adopt serverless technology, engineers to learn about current practices of building serverless applications, and researchers and platform providers to better understand the current landscape of serverless applications.}, author = {Eismann, Simon and Scheuner, Joel and van Eyk, Erwin and Schwinger, Maximilian and Grohmann, Johannes and Herbst, Nikolas and Abad, Cristina and Iosup, Alexandru}, journal = {Transactions on Software Engineering}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, number = 10, pages = {4152- 4166}, title = {The State of Serverless Applications: Collection, Characterization, and Community Consensus}, volume = 48, year = 2022 }
• {ICPE} ’22: {ACM/SPEC} International Conference on Performance Engineering, Bejing, China, April 9 - 13, 2022. Feng, Dan; Becker, Steffen; Herbst, Nikolas; Leitner, Philipp. D. Feng; S. Becker; N. Herbst; P. Leitner (eds.). {ACM}, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @proceedings{DBLP:conf/wosp/2022, author = {Feng, Dan and Becker, Steffen and Herbst, Nikolas and Leitner, Philipp}, editor = {Feng, Dan and Becker, Steffen and Herbst, Nikolas and Leitner, Philipp}, keywords = {t_proceedings}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {{ICPE} '22: {ACM/SPEC} International Conference on Performance Engineering, Bejing, China, April 9 - 13, 2022}, year = 2022 }
• {ICPE} ’22: {ACM/SPEC} International Conference on Performance Engineering, Bejing, China, April 9 - 13, 2022, Companion Volume. Feng, Dan; Becker, Steffen; Herbst, Nikolas; Leitner, Philipp. D. Feng; S. Becker; N. Herbst; P. Leitner (eds.). {ACM}, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @proceedings{DBLP:conf/wosp/2022c, author = {Feng, Dan and Becker, Steffen and Herbst, Nikolas and Leitner, Philipp}, editor = {Feng, Dan and Becker, Steffen and Herbst, Nikolas and Leitner, Philipp}, keywords = {t_proceedings}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {{ICPE} '22: {ACM/SPEC} International Conference on Performance Engineering, Bejing, China, April 9 - 13, 2022, Companion Volume}, year = 2022 }
• Do Different Deep Metric Learning Losses Lead to Similar Learned Features?. Kobs, Konstantin; Steininger, Michael; Dulny, Andrzej; Hotho, Andreas. In CoRR, abs/2205.02698. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2205-02698, author = {Kobs, Konstantin and Steininger, Michael and Dulny, Andrzej and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2022, title = {Do Different Deep Metric Learning Losses Lead to Similar Learned Features?}, volume = {abs/2205.02698}, year = 2022 }
• Sequential Item Recommendation in the {MOBA} Game Dota 2. Dallmann, Alexander; Kohlmann, Johannes; Zoller, Daniel; Hotho, Andreas. In CoRR, abs/2201.08724. 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2201-08724, author = {Dallmann, Alexander and Kohlmann, Johannes and Zoller, Daniel and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {CoRR}, keywords = 2022, title = {Sequential Item Recommendation in the {MOBA} Game Dota 2}, volume = {abs/2201.08724}, year = 2022 }
• Towards a Cryptography Benchmark: A View on Attribute Based Encryption Schemes. Prantl, Thomas; Zeck, Timo; Iffländer, Lukas; Beierlieb, Lukas; Dmitrenko, Alexandra; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In 2022 5th Conference on Cloud and Internet of Things (CIoT). IEEE, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{PrZeIfBeDmKrKo2022-CIoT-ABEBenchmark, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Zeck, Timo and Iffländer, Lukas and Beierlieb, Lukas and Dmitrenko, Alexandra and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {2022 5th Conference on Cloud and Internet of Things (CIoT)}, keywords = {descartes}, organization = {IEEE}, title = {Towards a Cryptography Benchmark: A View on Attribute Based Encryption Schemes}, year = 2022 }
• Second Language Learning through Storytelling with a Social Robot-An Online Case Study. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Riedmann, Anna; Schaper, Philipp; Guthmann, Emily; Pfister, Julia; Schmitt, Katharina; Wild, Theresa; Lugrin, Birgit. In 2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN), pp. 67–74. IEEE, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2022second, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Riedmann, Anna and Schaper, Philipp and Guthmann, Emily and Pfister, Julia and Schmitt, Katharina and Wild, Theresa and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {2022 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, organization = {IEEE}, pages = {67-74}, title = {Second Language Learning through Storytelling with a Social Robot-An Online Case Study}, year = 2022 }
• Addressing Waste Separation With a Persuasive Augmented Reality App. Schaper, Philipp; Riedmann, Anna; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (MobileHCI ’22). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{schaper2022addressing, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Schaper, Philipp and Riedmann, Anna and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (MobileHCI '22)}, keywords = {mi}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Addressing Waste Separation With a Persuasive Augmented Reality App}, year = 2022 }
• Effects of Colored LEDs in Robotic Storytelling on Storytelling Experience and Robot Perception. Steinhaeusser, Sophia C.; Lugrin, Birgit. In Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI2022). IEEE Press, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{steinhaeusser2022effects, author = {Steinhaeusser, Sophia C. and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI2022)}, keywords = {steinhaeusser}, publisher = {IEEE Press}, title = {Effects of Colored LEDs in Robotic Storytelling on Storytelling Experience and Robot Perception}, year = 2022 }
• Investigating Adaptive Robot Tutoring in a Long-Term Interaction in Higher Education. Donnermann, Melissa; Schaper, Philipp; Lugrin, Birgit. In 31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2022), pp. 171–178. IEEE, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{donnermann2022investigating, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Schaper, Philipp and Lugrin, Birgit}, booktitle = {31st IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN 2022)}, keywords = {mi}, organization = {IEEE}, pages = {171-178}, title = {Investigating Adaptive Robot Tutoring in a Long-Term Interaction in Higher Education}, year = 2022 }
• Don’t Touch This! - Investigating the Potential of Visualizing Touched Surfaces on the Consideration of Behavior Change. Ganal, E.; Heimbrock, M.; Schaper, P.; Lugrin, B. In Persuasive Technology 2022, N. Baghaei, J. Vassileva, R. Ali, K. Oyibo (eds.). Springer International Publishing, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{ganal2022touch, author = {Ganal, E. and Heimbrock, M. and Schaper, P. and Lugrin, B.}, booktitle = {Persuasive Technology 2022}, editor = {Baghaei, N. and Vassileva, J. and Ali, R. and Oyibo, K.}, keywords = {reflectedreality}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Don’t Touch This! - Investigating the Potential of Visualizing Touched Surfaces on the Consideration of Behavior Change}, year = 2022 }
• SCRAPS: Scalable Collective Remote Attestation for Pub-Sub IoT Networks with Untrusted Proxy Verifier. Petzi, Lukas; Ben Yahya, Ala Eddine; Dmitrienko, Alexandra; Tsudik, Gene; Prantl, Thomas; Kounev, Samuel. Vol. USENIX Security ’22. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Remote Attestation (RA) is a basic security mechanism that detects malicious presence on various types of computing components, e.g., IoT devices. In a typical IoT setting, RA involves a trusted Verifier that sends a challenge to an untrusted remote Prover, which must in turn reply with a fresh and authentic evidence of being in a trustworthy state. However,most current RA schemes assume a central Verifier, which rep-resents a single point of failure. This feature is problematic when mutually suspicious stakeholders are involved. Furthermore, scalability issues arise as the number of IoT devices (Provers) grows. Although some RA schemes allow peer Provers to act as Verifiers, they involve unrealistic (for IoT devices) requirements, such as time synchronization and synchronous communication. Moreover, they incur heavy memory, computation,and communication burdens, while not considering sleeping or otherwise disconnected devices. Motivated by the need to address these limitations, we construct Scalable Collective Remote Attestation for Pub-Sub (SCRAPS), a novel collective RA scheme. It achieves scalability by outsourcing Verifier duties to a smart contract and mitigates DoS attacks against both Provers and Verifiers. It also removes the need for synchronous communication. Furthermore,RA evidence in SCRAPS is publicly verifiable, which significantly reduces the number of attestation evidence computations, thus lowering Prover burden. We report on a prototype of SCRAPS over Hyperledger Sawtooth (a blockchain geared for IoT use-cases) and evaluate its performance, scalability, and security aspects.

  @proceedings{petzi2022scraps, abstract = {Remote Attestation (RA) is a basic security mechanism that detects malicious presence on various types of computing components, e.g., IoT devices. In a typical IoT setting, RA involves a trusted Verifier that sends a challenge to an untrusted remote Prover, which must in turn reply with a fresh and authentic evidence of being in a trustworthy state. However,most current RA schemes assume a central Verifier, which rep-resents a single point of failure. This feature is problematic when mutually suspicious stakeholders are involved. Furthermore, scalability issues arise as the number of IoT devices (Provers) grows. Although some RA schemes allow peer Provers to act as Verifiers, they involve unrealistic (for IoT devices) requirements, such as time synchronization and synchronous communication. Moreover, they incur heavy memory, computation,and communication burdens, while not considering sleeping or otherwise disconnected devices. Motivated by the need to address these limitations, we construct Scalable Collective Remote Attestation for Pub-Sub (SCRAPS), a novel collective RA scheme. It achieves scalability by outsourcing Verifier duties to a smart contract and mitigates DoS attacks against both Provers and Verifiers. It also removes the need for synchronous communication. Furthermore,RA evidence in SCRAPS is publicly verifiable, which significantly reduces the number of attestation evidence computations, thus lowering Prover burden. We report on a prototype of SCRAPS over Hyperledger Sawtooth (a blockchain geared for IoT use-cases) and evaluate its performance, scalability, and security aspects.}, author = {Petzi, Lukas and Ben Yahya, Ala Eddine and Dmitrienko, Alexandra and Tsudik, Gene and Prantl, Thomas and Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {sss-group}, note = {Coming Soon}, title = {SCRAPS: Scalable Collective Remote Attestation for Pub-Sub IoT Networks with Untrusted Proxy Verifier}, volume = {USENIX Security '22}, year = 2022 }
• De Bruijn Goes Neural: Causality-Aware Graph Neural Networks for Time Series Data on Dynamic Graphs. Qarkaxhija, Lisi; Perri, Vincenzo; Scholtes, Ingo. In LoG, Vol. 198 of Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, B. Rieck, R. Pascanu (eds.), p. 51. PMLR, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{conf/log/QarkaxhijaPS22, author = {Qarkaxhija, Lisi and Perri, Vincenzo and Scholtes, Ingo}, booktitle = {LoG}, crossref = {conf/log/2022}, editor = {Rieck, Bastian and Pascanu, Razvan}, keywords = {myown}, pages = 51, publisher = {PMLR}, series = {Proceedings of Machine Learning Research}, title = {De Bruijn Goes Neural: Causality-Aware Graph Neural Networks for Time Series Data on Dynamic Graphs.}, volume = 198, year = 2022 }
• A literature review on optimization techniques for adaptation planning in adaptive systems: State of the art and research directions. Henrichs, Elia; Lesch, Veronika; Straesser, Martin; Kounev, Samuel; Krupitzer, Christian. In Information and Software Technology, 149, p. 106940. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Context: Recent developments in modern IT systems including internet of things, edge/fog computing, or cyber–physical systems support intelligent and seamless interaction between users and systems. This requires a reaction to changes in their environment or the system. Adaptive systems provide mechanisms for these reactions. Objective: To implement this functionality, several approaches for the planning of adaptations exist that rely on rules, utility functions, or advanced techniques, such as machine learning. As the adaptation space with possible options is often extensively huge, optimization techniques might support efficient determination of the adaptation space and identify the system’s optimal configuration. With this paper, we provide a systematic review of adaptation planning as the optimization target. Method: In this paper, we review which optimization techniques are applied for adaptation planning in adaptive systems using a systematic literature review approach. Results: We reviewed 115 paper in detail out of an initial search set of 9,588 papers. Our analysis reveals that learning techniques and genetic algorithms are by far dominant; in total, heuristics (anytime learning) are more frequently applied as exact algorithms. We observed that around 57% of the approaches target multi-objectiveness and around 30% integrate distributed optimization. As last dimension, we focused on situation-awareness, which is only supported by two approaches. Conclusion: In this paper, we provide an overview of the current state of the art of approaches that rely on optimization techniques for planning adaptations in adaptive systems and further derive open research challenges, in particular regarding the integration of distributed optimization and situation-awareness.

  @article{HENRICHS2022106940, abstract = {Context: Recent developments in modern IT systems including internet of things, edge/fog computing, or cyber–physical systems support intelligent and seamless interaction between users and systems. This requires a reaction to changes in their environment or the system. Adaptive systems provide mechanisms for these reactions. Objective: To implement this functionality, several approaches for the planning of adaptations exist that rely on rules, utility functions, or advanced techniques, such as machine learning. As the adaptation space with possible options is often extensively huge, optimization techniques might support efficient determination of the adaptation space and identify the system’s optimal configuration. With this paper, we provide a systematic review of adaptation planning as the optimization target. Method: In this paper, we review which optimization techniques are applied for adaptation planning in adaptive systems using a systematic literature review approach. Results: We reviewed 115 paper in detail out of an initial search set of 9,588 papers. Our analysis reveals that learning techniques and genetic algorithms are by far dominant; in total, heuristics (anytime learning) are more frequently applied as exact algorithms. We observed that around 57% of the approaches target multi-objectiveness and around 30% integrate distributed optimization. As last dimension, we focused on situation-awareness, which is only supported by two approaches. Conclusion: In this paper, we provide an overview of the current state of the art of approaches that rely on optimization techniques for planning adaptations in adaptive systems and further derive open research challenges, in particular regarding the integration of distributed optimization and situation-awareness.}, author = {Henrichs, Elia and Lesch, Veronika and Straesser, Martin and Kounev, Samuel and Krupitzer, Christian}, journal = {Information and Software Technology}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, pages = 106940, title = {A literature review on optimization techniques for adaptation planning in adaptive systems: State of the art and research directions}, volume = 149, year = 2022 }
• Similarity-Based Link Prediction From Modular Compression of Network Flows. Blöcker, Christopher; Smiljanic, Jelena; Scholtes, Ingo; Rosvall, Martin. In LoG, Vol. 198 of Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, B. Rieck, R. Pascanu (eds.), p. 52. PMLR, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{conf/log/BlockerSSR22, author = {Blöcker, Christopher and Smiljanic, Jelena and Scholtes, Ingo and Rosvall, Martin}, booktitle = {LoG}, crossref = {conf/log/2022}, editor = {Rieck, Bastian and Pascanu, Razvan}, keywords = {myown}, pages = 52, publisher = {PMLR}, series = {Proceedings of Machine Learning Research}, title = {Similarity-Based Link Prediction From Modular Compression of Network Flows.}, volume = 198, year = 2022 }
• The Segment Number: Algorithms and Universal Lower Bounds for Some Classes of Planar Graphs. Goeßmann, Ina; Klawitter, Jonathan; Klemz, Boris; Klesen, Felix; Kobourov, Stephen G.; Kryven, Myroslav; Wolff, Alexander; Zink, Johannes. In Proc. 48th Int. Workshop Graph-Theoretic Concepts Comput. Sci. (WG’22), Vol. 13453 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, M. Bekos, M. Kaufmann (eds.), p. 16 pages. Springer-Verlag, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{gkkkkkwz-snaul-WG22, author = {Goe{\ss}mann, Ina and Klawitter, Jonathan and Klemz, Boris and Klesen, Felix and Kobourov, Stephen G. and Kryven, Myroslav and Wolff, Alexander and Zink, Johannes}, booktitle = {Proc. 48th Int. Workshop Graph-Theoretic Concepts Comput. Sci. (WG'22)}, editor = {Bekos, Michael and Kaufmann, Michael}, keywords = {myown}, pages = {16 pages}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title = {The Segment Number: Algorithms and Universal Lower Bounds for Some Classes of Planar Graphs}, volume = 13453, year = 2022 }
• Comparison of Data Encodings and Machine Learning Architectures for User Identification on Arbitrary Motion Sequences. Rack, Christian; Hotho, Andreas; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the IEEE International conference on artificial intelligence & Virtual Reality (IEEE AIVR). IEEE, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{schell2022comparison, author = {Rack, Christian and Hotho, Andreas and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International conference on artificial intelligence & Virtual Reality (IEEE AIVR)}, keywords = {schell}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Comparison of Data Encodings and Machine Learning Architectures for User Identification on Arbitrary Motion Sequences}, year = 2022 }
• Opportunities and Challenges of Virtual Reality in Healthcare -- A Domain Experts Inquiry. Halbig, Andreas; Babu, Sooraj K.; Gatter, Shirin; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Brukamp, Kirsten; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 3. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  In recent years, the applications and accessibility of Virtual Reality (VR) for the healthcare sector have continued to grow. However, so far, most VR applications are only relevant in research settings. Information about what healthcare professionals would need to independently integrate VR applications into their daily working routines is missing. The actual needs and concerns of the people who work in the healthcare sector are often disregarded in the development of VR applications, even though they are the ones who are supposed to use them in practice. By means of this study, we systematically involve health professionals in the development process of VR applications. In particular, we conducted an online survey with 102 healthcare professionals based on a video prototype which demonstrates a software platform that allows them to create and utilise VR experiences on their own. For this study, we adapted and extended the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The survey focused on the perceived usefulness and the ease of use of such a platform, as well as the attitude and ethical concerns the users might have. The results show a generally positive attitude toward such a software platform. The users can imagine various use cases in different health domains. However, the perceived usefulness is tied to the actual ease of use of the platform and sufficient support for learning and working with the platform. In the discussion, we explain how these results can be generalized to facilitate the integration of VR in healthcare practice.

  @article{Halbig:2022aa, abstract = {In recent years, the applications and accessibility of Virtual Reality (VR) for the healthcare sector have continued to grow. However, so far, most VR applications are only relevant in research settings. Information about what healthcare professionals would need to independently integrate VR applications into their daily working routines is missing. The actual needs and concerns of the people who work in the healthcare sector are often disregarded in the development of VR applications, even though they are the ones who are supposed to use them in practice. By means of this study, we systematically involve health professionals in the development process of VR applications. In particular, we conducted an online survey with 102 healthcare professionals based on a video prototype which demonstrates a software platform that allows them to create and utilise VR experiences on their own. For this study, we adapted and extended the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The survey focused on the perceived usefulness and the ease of use of such a platform, as well as the attitude and ethical concerns the users might have. The results show a generally positive attitude toward such a software platform. The users can imagine various use cases in different health domains. However, the perceived usefulness is tied to the actual ease of use of the platform and sufficient support for learning and working with the platform. In the discussion, we explain how these results can be generalized to facilitate the integration of VR in healthcare practice.}, author = {Halbig, Andreas and Babu, Sooraj K. and Gatter, Shirin and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Brukamp, Kirsten and von Mammen, Sebastian}, journal = {Frontiers in Virtual Reality}, keywords = {via-vr}, title = {Opportunities and Challenges of Virtual Reality in Healthcare – A Domain Experts Inquiry}, volume = 3, year = 2022 }
• Plausibility and Perception of Personalized Virtual Humans between Virtual and Augmented Reality. Wolf, Erik; Mal, David; Frohnapfel, Viktor; Döllinger, Nina; Wenninger, Stephan; Botsch, Mario; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), pp. 489–498. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This article investigates the effects of different XR displays on the perception and plausibility of personalized virtual humans. We compared immersive virtual reality (VR), video see-through augmented reality (VST AR), and optical see-through AR (OST AR). The personalized virtual alter egos were generated by state-of-the-art photogrammetry methods. 42 participants were repeatedly exposed to animated versions of their 3D-reconstructed virtual alter egos in each of the three XR display conditions. The reconstructed virtual alter egos were additionally modified in body weight for each repetition. We show that the display types lead to different degrees of incongruence between the renderings of the virtual humans and the presentation of the respective environmental backgrounds, leading to significant effects of perceived mismatches as part of a plausibility measurement. The device-related effects were further partly confirmed by subjective misestimations of the modified body weight and the measured spatial presence. Here, the exceedingly incongruent OST AR condition leads to the significantly highest weight misestimations as well as to the lowest perceived spatial presence. However, similar effects could not be confirmed for the affective appraisal (i.e., humanness, eeriness, or attractiveness) of the virtual humans, giving rise to the assumption that these factors might be unrelated to each other.

  @inproceedings{wolf2022plausibility, abstract = {This article investigates the effects of different XR displays on the perception and plausibility of personalized virtual humans. We compared immersive virtual reality (VR), video see-through augmented reality (VST AR), and optical see-through AR (OST AR). The personalized virtual alter egos were generated by state-of-the-art photogrammetry methods. 42 participants were repeatedly exposed to animated versions of their 3D-reconstructed virtual alter egos in each of the three XR display conditions. The reconstructed virtual alter egos were additionally modified in body weight for each repetition. We show that the display types lead to different degrees of incongruence between the renderings of the virtual humans and the presentation of the respective environmental backgrounds, leading to significant effects of perceived mismatches as part of a plausibility measurement. The device-related effects were further partly confirmed by subjective misestimations of the modified body weight and the measured spatial presence. Here, the exceedingly incongruent OST AR condition leads to the significantly highest weight misestimations as well as to the lowest perceived spatial presence. However, similar effects could not be confirmed for the affective appraisal (i.e., humanness, eeriness, or attractiveness) of the virtual humans, giving rise to the assumption that these factors might be unrelated to each other.}, author = {Wolf, Erik and Mal, David and Frohnapfel, Viktor and Döllinger, Nina and Wenninger, Stephan and Botsch, Mario and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)}, keywords = {dmal}, pages = {489-498}, title = {Plausibility and Perception of Personalized Virtual Humans between Virtual and Augmented Reality}, year = 2022 }
• Reducing the Cognitive Load of Playing a Digital Tabletop Game with a Multimodal Interface. Zimmerer, Chris; Krop, Philipp; Fischbach, Martin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, of CHI ’22. Association for Computing Machinery, New Orleans, LA, USA, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Multimodal Interfaces (MMIs) combining speech and spatial input have the potential to elicit minimal cognitive load. Low cognitive load increases effectiveness as well as user satisfaction and is regarded as an important aspect of intuitive use. While this potential has been extensively theorized in the research community, experiments that provide supporting observations based on functional interfaces are still scarce. In particular, there is a lack of studies comparing the commonly used Unimodal Interfaces (UMIs) with theoretically superior synergistic MMI alternatives. Yet, these studies are an essential prerequisite for generalizing results, developing practice-oriented guidelines, and ultimately exploiting the potential of MMIs in a broader range of applications. This work contributes a novel observation towards the resolution of this shortcoming in the context of the following combination of applied interaction techniques, tasks, application domain, and technology: We present a comprehensive evaluation of a synergistic speech & touch MMI and a touch-only menu-based UMI (interaction techniques) for selection and system control tasks in a digital tabletop game (application domain) on an interactive surface (technology). Cognitive load, user experience, and intuitive use are evaluated, with the former being assessed by means of the dual-task paradigm. Our experiment shows that the implemented MMI causes significantly less cognitive load and is perceived significantly more usable and intuitive than the UMI. Based on our results, we derive recommendations for the interface design of digital tabletop games on interactive surfaces. Further, we argue that our results and design recommendations are suitable to be generalized to other application domains on interactive surfaces for selection and system control tasks.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3491102.3502062, abstract = {Multimodal Interfaces (MMIs) combining speech and spatial input have the potential to elicit minimal cognitive load. Low cognitive load increases effectiveness as well as user satisfaction and is regarded as an important aspect of intuitive use. While this potential has been extensively theorized in the research community, experiments that provide supporting observations based on functional interfaces are still scarce. In particular, there is a lack of studies comparing the commonly used Unimodal Interfaces (UMIs) with theoretically superior synergistic MMI alternatives. Yet, these studies are an essential prerequisite for generalizing results, developing practice-oriented guidelines, and ultimately exploiting the potential of MMIs in a broader range of applications. This work contributes a novel observation towards the resolution of this shortcoming in the context of the following combination of applied interaction techniques, tasks, application domain, and technology: We present a comprehensive evaluation of a synergistic speech & touch MMI and a touch-only menu-based UMI (interaction techniques) for selection and system control tasks in a digital tabletop game (application domain) on an interactive surface (technology). Cognitive load, user experience, and intuitive use are evaluated, with the former being assessed by means of the dual-task paradigm. Our experiment shows that the implemented MMI causes significantly less cognitive load and is perceived significantly more usable and intuitive than the UMI. Based on our results, we derive recommendations for the interface design of digital tabletop games on interactive surfaces. Further, we argue that our results and design recommendations are suitable to be generalized to other application domains on interactive surfaces for selection and system control tasks.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Zimmerer, Chris and Krop, Philipp and Fischbach, Martin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, keywords = {mmi}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI '22}, title = {Reducing the Cognitive Load of Playing a Digital Tabletop Game with a Multimodal Interface}, year = 2022 }
• Exploring Presence, Avatar Embodiment, and Body Perception with a Holographic Augmented Reality Mirror. Wolf, Erik; Fiedler, Marie Luisa; Döllinger, Nina; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR), pp. 350–359. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The embodiment of avatars in virtual reality (VR) is a promising tool for enhancing the user's mental health. A great example is the treatment of body image disturbances, where eliciting a full-body illusion can help identify, visualize, and modulate persisting misperceptions. Augmented reality (AR) could complement recent advances in the field by incorporating real elements, such as the therapist or the user's real body, into therapeutic scenarios. However, research on the use of AR in this context is very sparse. Therefore, we present a holographic AR mirror system based on an optical see-through (OST) device and markerless body tracking, collect valuable qualitative feedback regarding its user experience, and compare quantitative results regarding presence, embodiment, and body weight perception to similar systems using video see-through (VST) AR and VR. For our OST AR system, a total of 27 normal-weight female participants provided predominantly positive feedback on display properties (field of view, luminosity, and transparency of virtual objects), body tracking, and the perception of the avatar’s appearance and movements. In the quantitative comparison to the VST AR and VR systems, participants reported significantly lower feelings of presence, while they estimated the body weight of the generic avatar significantly higher when using our OST AR system. For virtual body ownership and agency, we found only partially significant differences. In summary, our study shows the general applicability of OST AR in the given context offering huge potential in future therapeutic scenarios. However, the comparative evaluation between OST AR, VST AR, and VR also revealed significant differences in relevant measures. Future work is mandatory to corroborate our findings and to classify the significance in a therapeutic context.

  @inproceedings{wolf2022holographic, abstract = {The embodiment of avatars in virtual reality (VR) is a promising tool for enhancing the user's mental health. A great example is the treatment of body image disturbances, where eliciting a full-body illusion can help identify, visualize, and modulate persisting misperceptions. Augmented reality (AR) could complement recent advances in the field by incorporating real elements, such as the therapist or the user's real body, into therapeutic scenarios. However, research on the use of AR in this context is very sparse. Therefore, we present a holographic AR mirror system based on an optical see-through (OST) device and markerless body tracking, collect valuable qualitative feedback regarding its user experience, and compare quantitative results regarding presence, embodiment, and body weight perception to similar systems using video see-through (VST) AR and VR. For our OST AR system, a total of 27 normal-weight female participants provided predominantly positive feedback on display properties (field of view, luminosity, and transparency of virtual objects), body tracking, and the perception of the avatar’s appearance and movements. In the quantitative comparison to the VST AR and VR systems, participants reported significantly lower feelings of presence, while they estimated the body weight of the generic avatar significantly higher when using our OST AR system. For virtual body ownership and agency, we found only partially significant differences. In summary, our study shows the general applicability of OST AR in the given context offering huge potential in future therapeutic scenarios. However, the comparative evaluation between OST AR, VST AR, and VR also revealed significant differences in relevant measures. Future work is mandatory to corroborate our findings and to classify the significance in a therapeutic context.}, author = {Wolf, Erik and Fiedler, Marie Luisa and Döllinger, Nina and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)}, keywords = {mfiedler}, pages = {350-359}, title = {Exploring Presence, Avatar Embodiment, and Body Perception with a Holographic Augmented Reality Mirror}, year = 2022 }
• Are You Referring to Me? - Giving Virtual Objects Awareness. Stingl, René; Zimmerer, Chris; Fischbach, Martin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct), pp. 671–673. 2022.
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  This work introduces an interaction technique to determine the user’s non-verbal deixis in Virtual Reality (VR) applications. We tailored it for multimodal speech & gesture interfaces (MMIs). Here, non-verbal deixis is often determined by the use of ray-casting due to its simplicity and intuitiveness. However, ray-casting’s rigidness and dichotomous nature pose limitations concerning the MMI’s flexibility and efficiency. In contrast, our technique considers a more comprehensive set of directional cues to determine non-verbal deixis and provides probabilistic output to tackle these limitations. We present a machine-learning-based reference implementation of our technique in VR and the results of a first performance benchmark. Future work includes an in-depth user study evaluating our technique’s user experience in an MMI.

  @inproceedings{9974498, abstract = {This work introduces an interaction technique to determine the user’s non-verbal deixis in Virtual Reality (VR) applications. We tailored it for multimodal speech & gesture interfaces (MMIs). Here, non-verbal deixis is often determined by the use of ray-casting due to its simplicity and intuitiveness. However, ray-casting’s rigidness and dichotomous nature pose limitations concerning the MMI’s flexibility and efficiency. In contrast, our technique considers a more comprehensive set of directional cues to determine non-verbal deixis and provides probabilistic output to tackle these limitations. We present a machine-learning-based reference implementation of our technique in VR and the results of a first performance benchmark. Future work includes an in-depth user study evaluating our technique’s user experience in an MMI.}, author = {Stingl, René and Zimmerer, Chris and Fischbach, Martin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)}, keywords = {mmi}, pages = {671-673}, title = {Are You Referring to Me? - Giving Virtual Objects Awareness}, year = 2022 }
• Stay Safe! Safety Precautions for Walking on a Conventional Treadmill in VR. Birnstiel, Sandra; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 29th IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VR ’22), pp. 732–733. IEEE, 2022.
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  Conventional treadmills are used in virtual reality (VR) applications, such as for rehabilitation training or gait studies. However, using the devices in VR poses risks of injury. Therefore, this study investigates safety precautions when using a conventional treadmill for a walking task. We designed a safety belt and displayed parts of the treadmill in VR. The safety belt was much appreciated by the participants and did not affect the walking behavior. However, the participants requested more visual cues in the user’s field of view.

  @inproceedings{birnstiel2022safety, abstract = {Conventional treadmills are used in virtual reality (VR) applications, such as for rehabilitation training or gait studies. However, using the devices in VR poses risks of injury. Therefore, this study investigates safety precautions when using a conventional treadmill for a walking task. We designed a safety belt and displayed parts of the treadmill in VR. The safety belt was much appreciated by the participants and did not affect the walking behavior. However, the participants requested more visual cues in the user’s field of view.}, author = {Birnstiel, Sandra and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VR '22)}, keywords = {myown}, organization = {IEEE}, pages = {732-733}, title = {Stay Safe! Safety Precautions for Walking on a Conventional Treadmill in VR}, year = 2022 }
• A Case Study on the Rapid Development of Natural and Synergistic Multimodal Interfaces for XR Use-Cases. Zimmerer, Chris; Fischbach, Martin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, of CHI EA ’22. Association for Computing Machinery, New Orleans, LA, USA, 2022.
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  Multimodal Interfaces (MMIs) supporting the synergistic use of natural modalities like speech and gesture have been conceived as promising for spatial or 3D interactions, e.g., in Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality (XR for short). Yet, the currently prevailing user interfaces are unimodal. Commercially available software platforms like the Unity or Unreal game engines simplify the complexity of developing XR applications through appropriate tool support. They provide ready-to-use device integration, e.g., for 3D controllers or motion tracking, and according interaction techniques such as menus, (3D) point-and-click, or even simple symbolic gestures to rapidly develop unimodal interfaces. A comparable tool support is yet missing for multimodal solutions in this and similar areas. We believe that this hinders user-centered research based on rapid prototyping of MMIs, the identification and formulation of practical design guidelines, the development of killer applications highlighting the power of MMIs, and ultimately a widespread adoption of MMIs. This article investigates potential reasons for the ongoing uncommonness of MMIs. Our case study illustrates and analyzes lessons learned during the development and application of a toolchain that supports rapid development of natural and synergistic MMIs for XR use-cases. We analyze the toolchain in terms of developer usability, development time, and MMI customization. This analysis is based on the knowledge gained in years of research and academic education. Specifically, it reflects on the development of appropriate MMI tools and their application in various demo use-cases, in user-centered research, and in the lab work of a mandatory MMI course of an HCI master’s program. The derived insights highlight successful choices made as well as potential areas for improvement.

  @inproceedings{10.1145/3491101.3503552, abstract = {Multimodal Interfaces (MMIs) supporting the synergistic use of natural modalities like speech and gesture have been conceived as promising for spatial or 3D interactions, e.g., in Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality (XR for short). Yet, the currently prevailing user interfaces are unimodal. Commercially available software platforms like the Unity or Unreal game engines simplify the complexity of developing XR applications through appropriate tool support. They provide ready-to-use device integration, e.g., for 3D controllers or motion tracking, and according interaction techniques such as menus, (3D) point-and-click, or even simple symbolic gestures to rapidly develop unimodal interfaces. A comparable tool support is yet missing for multimodal solutions in this and similar areas. We believe that this hinders user-centered research based on rapid prototyping of MMIs, the identification and formulation of practical design guidelines, the development of killer applications highlighting the power of MMIs, and ultimately a widespread adoption of MMIs. This article investigates potential reasons for the ongoing uncommonness of MMIs. Our case study illustrates and analyzes lessons learned during the development and application of a toolchain that supports rapid development of natural and synergistic MMIs for XR use-cases. We analyze the toolchain in terms of developer usability, development time, and MMI customization. This analysis is based on the knowledge gained in years of research and academic education. Specifically, it reflects on the development of appropriate MMI tools and their application in various demo use-cases, in user-centered research, and in the lab work of a mandatory MMI course of an HCI master’s program. The derived insights highlight successful choices made as well as potential areas for improvement.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Zimmerer, Chris and Fischbach, Martin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts}, keywords = {mmi}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '22}, title = {A Case Study on the Rapid Development of Natural and Synergistic Multimodal Interfaces for XR Use-Cases}, year = 2022 }
• DeepCrypt - Deep Learning for QoE Monitoring and Fingerprinting of User Actions in Adaptive Video Streaming. Casas, Pedro; Seufert, Michael; Wassermann, Sarah; Gardlo, Bruno; Wehner, Nikolas; Schatz, Raimund. In IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (IEEE NetSoft 2022). 2022.
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  We introduce DeepCrypt, a deep-learning based approach to analyze YouTube video streaming Quality of Experience (QoE) from the Internet Service Provider (ISP) perspective, relying exclusively on the analysis of encrypted network traffic. Using raw features derived on-line from the encrypted stream of bytes, DeepCrypt can infer six different video QoE indicators capturing the user-perceived performance of the service, including the initial playback delay, the number and frequency of rebuffering events, the video playback quality, the video encoding bitrate, and the number of quality changes. DeepCrypt offers deep visibility into the behavior of the end-user, enabling the fingerprinting and detection of different user actions on the video player, such as video pauses and playback scrubbing (forward, backward, out-of-buffer), offering a complete visibility on the video streaming process from in-network traffic measurements. Extensive evaluations over a large and heterogeneous dataset composed of mobile and fixed-line measurements, using the YouTube HTML5 player, the native YouTube mobile app, as well as a generic HTML5 video player built on top of open source libraries, and considering measurements collected at different ISPs, confirm the out-performance of DeepCrypt over previously used shallow-learning models, as well as the deep-model generalization to different video players and network setups. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper tackling such a combined QoE and user-actions approach for video streaming applications, using deep learning models over heterogeneous measurements.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-9, abstract = {We introduce DeepCrypt, a deep-learning based approach to analyze YouTube video streaming Quality of Experience (QoE) from the Internet Service Provider (ISP) perspective, relying exclusively on the analysis of encrypted network traffic. Using raw features derived on-line from the encrypted stream of bytes, DeepCrypt can infer six different video QoE indicators capturing the user-perceived performance of the service, including the initial playback delay, the number and frequency of rebuffering events, the video playback quality, the video encoding bitrate, and the number of quality changes. DeepCrypt offers deep visibility into the behavior of the end-user, enabling the fingerprinting and detection of different user actions on the video player, such as video pauses and playback scrubbing (forward, backward, out-of-buffer), offering a complete visibility on the video streaming process from in-network traffic measurements. Extensive evaluations over a large and heterogeneous dataset composed of mobile and fixed-line measurements, using the YouTube HTML5 player, the native YouTube mobile app, as well as a generic HTML5 video player built on top of open source libraries, and considering measurements collected at different ISPs, confirm the out-performance of DeepCrypt over previously used shallow-learning models, as well as the deep-model generalization to different video players and network setups. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper tackling such a combined QoE and user-actions approach for video streaming applications, using deep learning models over heterogeneous measurements.}, author = {Casas, Pedro and Seufert, Michael and Wassermann, Sarah and Gardlo, Bruno and Wehner, Nikolas and Schatz, Raimund}, booktitle = {IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (IEEE NetSoft 2022)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {DeepCrypt - Deep Learning for QoE Monitoring and Fingerprinting of User Actions in Adaptive Video Streaming}, year = 2022 }
• Semi-unsupervised Learning for Time Series Classification. Davidson, Padraig; Steininger, Michael; Huhn, André; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. In Milets@KDD. arXiv, 2022.
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  Time series are ubiquitous and therefore inherently hard to analyze and ultimately to label or cluster. With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its smart devices, data is collected in large amounts any given second. The collected data is rich in information, as one can detect accidents (e.g. cars) in real time, or assess injury/sickness over a given time span (e.g. health devices). Due to its chaotic nature and massive amounts of datapoints, timeseries are hard to label manually. Furthermore new classes within the data could emerge over time (contrary to e.g. handwritten digits), which would require relabeling the data. In this paper we present SuSL4TS, a deep generative Gaussian mixture model for semi-unsupervised learning, to classify time series data. With our approach we can alleviate manual labeling steps, since we can detect sparsely labeled classes (semi-supervised) and identify emerging classes hidden in the data (unsupervised). We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach with established time series classification datasets from different domains.

  @article{davidson2022semiunsupervised, abstract = {Time series are ubiquitous and therefore inherently hard to analyze and ultimately to label or cluster. With the rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its smart devices, data is collected in large amounts any given second. The collected data is rich in information, as one can detect accidents (e.g. cars) in real time, or assess injury/sickness over a given time span (e.g. health devices). Due to its chaotic nature and massive amounts of datapoints, timeseries are hard to label manually. Furthermore new classes within the data could emerge over time (contrary to e.g. handwritten digits), which would require relabeling the data. In this paper we present SuSL4TS, a deep generative Gaussian mixture model for semi-unsupervised learning, to classify time series data. With our approach we can alleviate manual labeling steps, since we can detect sparsely labeled classes (semi-supervised) and identify emerging classes hidden in the data (unsupervised). We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach with established time series classification datasets from different domains.}, author = {Davidson, Padraig and Steininger, Michael and Huhn, André and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Milets@KDD}, keywords = {from:pdavidson}, publisher = {arXiv}, title = {Semi-unsupervised Learning for Time Series Classification}, year = 2022 }
• Learning Classifier Systems as Recommender Systems. Babu, Sooraj K; von Mammen, Sebastian. In Lifelike Computing Systems Workshop LIFELIKE 2022. 2022.
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  A multitude of software domains, ranging from e-commerce services to personal digital assistants, rely on recommender systems (RS) to enhance their performance and customer experience. There are several established approaches to RS, including algorithms, namely, collaborative filtering, content based filtering, and various hybrid systems that use different verticals of data, such as the user's preferences, the metadata of items to be suggested, etc., to generate recommendations. Contrary to those, we adopt a classifier system to benefit from its rule-based knowledge representation and interwoven learning mechanisms. In this paper, we present our approach and elaborate on its potential use to flexibly and effectively guide a user through the application of an authoring platform.

  @inproceedings{Babu:2022aa, abstract = {A multitude of software domains, ranging from e-commerce services to personal digital assistants, rely on recommender systems (RS) to enhance their performance and customer experience. There are several established approaches to RS, including algorithms, namely, collaborative filtering, content based filtering, and various hybrid systems that use different verticals of data, such as the user's preferences, the metadata of items to be suggested, etc., to generate recommendations. Contrary to those, we adopt a classifier system to benefit from its rule-based knowledge representation and interwoven learning mechanisms. In this paper, we present our approach and elaborate on its potential use to flexibly and effectively guide a user through the application of an authoring platform.}, author = {Babu, Sooraj K and von Mammen, Sebastian}, booktitle = {Lifelike Computing Systems Workshop LIFELIKE 2022}, keywords = {via-vr}, title = {Learning Classifier Systems as Recommender Systems}, year = 2022 }
• Same, Same, but Dissimilar: Exploring Measurements for Workload Time-Series Similarity. Leznik, Mark; Grohmann, Johannes; Kliche, Nina; Bauer, Andr{é}; Seybold, Daniel; Eismann, Simon; Kounev, Samuel; Domaschka, J{ö}rg. In Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/SPEC on International Conference on Performance Engineering, of ICPE ’22, pp. 89–96. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2022.
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  Benchmarking is a core element in the toolbox of most systems researchers and is used for analyzing, comparing, and validating complex systems. In the quest for reliable benchmark results, a consensus has formed that a significant experiment must be based on multiple runs. To interpret these runs, mean and standard deviation are often used. In case of experiments where each run produces a time series, applying and comparing the mean is not easily applicable and not necessarily statistically sound. Such an approach ignores the possibility of significant differences between runs with a similar average. In order to verify this hypothesis, we conducted a survey of 1,112 publications of selected performance engineering and systems conferences canvassing open data sets from performance experiments. The identified 3 data sets purely rely on average and standard deviation. Therefore, we propose a novel analysis approach based on similarity analysis to enhance the reliability of performance evaluations. Our approach evaluates 12 (dis-)similarity measures with respect to their applicability in analysing performance measurements and identifies four suitable similarity measures. We validate our approach by demonstrating the increase in reliability for the data sets found in the survey.

  @inproceedings{leznik2022dissimilar, abstract = {Benchmarking is a core element in the toolbox of most systems researchers and is used for analyzing, comparing, and validating complex systems. In the quest for reliable benchmark results, a consensus has formed that a significant experiment must be based on multiple runs. To interpret these runs, mean and standard deviation are often used. In case of experiments where each run produces a time series, applying and comparing the mean is not easily applicable and not necessarily statistically sound. Such an approach ignores the possibility of significant differences between runs with a similar average. In order to verify this hypothesis, we conducted a survey of 1,112 publications of selected performance engineering and systems conferences canvassing open data sets from performance experiments. The identified 3 data sets purely rely on average and standard deviation. Therefore, we propose a novel analysis approach based on similarity analysis to enhance the reliability of performance evaluations. Our approach evaluates 12 (dis-)similarity measures with respect to their applicability in analysing performance measurements and identifies four suitable similarity measures. We validate our approach by demonstrating the increase in reliability for the data sets found in the survey.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Leznik, Mark and Grohmann, Johannes and Kliche, Nina and Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Seybold, Daniel and Eismann, Simon and Kounev, Samuel and Domaschka, J\"{o}rg}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/SPEC on International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {analysis}, pages = {89–96}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ICPE '22}, title = {Same, Same, but Dissimilar: Exploring Measurements for Workload Time-Series Similarity}, year = 2022 }
• Data Usage in IoT: A Characterization of GTP Tunnels in M2M Mobile Networks. Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Krolikowski, Michael; Gebert, Steffen; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2nd IFIP/IEEE International workshop on Fully-Flexible Internet Architectures and Protocols for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet (FlexNGIA). 2022.
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  IoT and M2M devices have seen a significant growth in usage and deployment over the last years. Gaining insight into device and data usage behavior exhibited by the participants of mobile networks is elementary for MNO and MVNO to scale their networks and provide a reliable service. This work aims to make use of its first of a kind dataset, spanning multiple countries and MNO, to provide a detailed characterization of GTP tunnels and devices. To this end, general statistics are used to describe the observed data traffic focusing on the distribution of the tunnel duration and volume as well as periodic device behavior. An approximate metric is introduced to analyze the periodicity and synchronicity of IoT devices. Lastly, we publish the data investigated in this work and provide a large scale dataset on the data usage behavior of IoT devices to interested researchers.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-5, abstract = {IoT and M2M devices have seen a significant growth in usage and deployment over the last years. Gaining insight into device and data usage behavior exhibited by the participants of mobile networks is elementary for MNO and MVNO to scale their networks and provide a reliable service. This work aims to make use of its first of a kind dataset, spanning multiple countries and MNO, to provide a detailed characterization of GTP tunnels and devices. To this end, general statistics are used to describe the observed data traffic focusing on the distribution of the tunnel duration and volume as well as periodic device behavior. An approximate metric is introduced to analyze the periodicity and synchronicity of IoT devices. Lastly, we publish the data investigated in this work and provide a large scale dataset on the data usage behavior of IoT devices to interested researchers.}, author = {Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Krolikowski, Michael and Gebert, Steffen and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2nd IFIP/IEEE International workshop on Fully-Flexible Internet Architectures and Protocols for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet (FlexNGIA)}, keywords = {can}, month = {04}, title = {Data Usage in IoT: A Characterization of GTP Tunnels in M2M Mobile Networks}, year = 2022 }
• An Introduction to Online Video Game QoS and QoE Influencing Factors. Metzger, Florian; Geißler, Stefan; Grigorjew, Alexej; Loh, Frank; Moldovan, Christian; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials. 2022.
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  Online video games and cloud gaming are rapidly growing in pervasiveness. Their resource demands can put significant stress on the global communication infrastructure. And network conditions are amongst the chief factors that influence one's enjoyment while playing games. This makes it imperative for video games to be considered for network dimensioning, server placement or protocol development. For that reason, in this work we provide an introduction to the technical aspects of video games in general and of their network aspects in particular. This understanding forms the basis for a rich taxonomy of factors that influence and provide context to a video game's Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of Experience (QoE). The taxonomy covers influence factors from all aspects involved in a video game, from the subjective player and game influence factors to the system and networking influence factors. Finally, this work gives an overview of conducted and ongoing research as well as future research opportunities while taking into account lessons learned from past approaches.

  @article{info3-article-2022-16, abstract = {Online video games and cloud gaming are rapidly growing in pervasiveness. Their resource demands can put significant stress on the global communication infrastructure. And network conditions are amongst the chief factors that influence one's enjoyment while playing games. This makes it imperative for video games to be considered for network dimensioning, server placement or protocol development. For that reason, in this work we provide an introduction to the technical aspects of video games in general and of their network aspects in particular. This understanding forms the basis for a rich taxonomy of factors that influence and provide context to a video game's Quality of Service (QoS) and Quality of Experience (QoE). The taxonomy covers influence factors from all aspects involved in a video game, from the subjective player and game influence factors to the system and networking influence factors. Finally, this work gives an overview of conducted and ongoing research as well as future research opportunities while taking into account lessons learned from past approaches.}, author = {Metzger, Florian and Geißler, Stefan and Grigorjew, Alexej and Loh, Frank and Moldovan, Christian and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials}, keywords = {10.1109/COMST.2022.3177251}, month = {05}, title = {An Introduction to Online Video Game QoS and QoE Influencing Factors}, year = 2022 }
• Towards LoRaWAN without Data Loss: Studying the Performance of Different Channel Access Approaches. Loh, Frank; Mehling, Noah; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In Sensors. 2022.
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  The Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the fastest growing Internet of Things (IoT) access protocols. It operates in the license free 868 MHz band and gives everyone the possibility to create their own small sensor networks. The drawback of this technology is often unscheduled or random channel access, which leads to message collisions and potential data loss. For that reason, recent literature studies alternative approaches for LoRaWAN channel access. In this work, state-of-the-art random channel access is compared with alternative approaches from the litera- ture by means of collision probability. Furthermore, a time scheduled channel access methodology is presented to completely avoid collisions in LoRaWAN. For this approach, an exhaustive simulation study was conducted and the performance was evaluated with random access cross-traffic. In a general theoretical analysis the limits of the time scheduled approach are discussed to comply with duty cycle regulations in LoRaWAN.

  @article{info3-inproceedings-2022-3, abstract = {The Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the fastest growing Internet of Things (IoT) access protocols. It operates in the license free 868 MHz band and gives everyone the possibility to create their own small sensor networks. The drawback of this technology is often unscheduled or random channel access, which leads to message collisions and potential data loss. For that reason, recent literature studies alternative approaches for LoRaWAN channel access. In this work, state-of-the-art random channel access is compared with alternative approaches from the litera- ture by means of collision probability. Furthermore, a time scheduled channel access methodology is presented to completely avoid collisions in LoRaWAN. For this approach, an exhaustive simulation study was conducted and the performance was evaluated with random access cross-traffic. In a general theoretical analysis the limits of the time scheduled approach are discussed to comply with duty cycle regulations in LoRaWAN.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Mehling, Noah and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {Sensors}, keywords = {5mart}, month = {01}, title = {Towards LoRaWAN without Data Loss: Studying the Performance of Different Channel Access Approaches}, year = 2022 }
• Artificial Intelligence-Based Early Detection Of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery. Kalisnik, Jurij Matija; Bauer, Andr{é}; Vogt, Ferdinand Aurel; Stickl, Franziska Josephine; Zibert, Janez; Fittkau, Matthias; Bertsch, Thomas; Kounev, Samuel; Fischlein, Theodor. In European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 62(5). 2022.
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  Objectives: This study aims to improve early detection of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury using artificial intelligence-based algorithms. Methods: Data from consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery between 2008 and 2018 in our institution served as the source for artificial intelligence-based modeling. Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Different machine learning algorithms were trained and validated to detect cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 hours after surgery. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, preoperative cardiac status, intra- and postoperative variables including creatinine and hemoglobin values were retrieved for analysis. Results: From 7507 patients analyzed, 1699 patients (22.6 %) developed cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. The ultimate detection model, 'Detect-A(K)I', recognizes cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 hours with an area under the curve of 88.0 %, sensitivity of 78.0 %, specificity of 78.9 %, and accuracy of 82.1 %. The optimal parameter set includes serial changes of creatinine and hemoglobin, operative emergency, bleeding-associated variables, cardiac ischemic time and cardiac function-associated variables, age, diuretics and active infection, chronic obstructive lung and peripheral vascular disease. Conclusion: The 'Detect-A(K)I' model successfully detects cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 hours after surgery with the best discriminatory characteristics reported so far.

  @article{kalisnik2022artificial, abstract = {Objectives: This study aims to improve early detection of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury using artificial intelligence-based algorithms. Methods: Data from consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery between 2008 and 2018 in our institution served as the source for artificial intelligence-based modeling. Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury was defined according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Different machine learning algorithms were trained and validated to detect cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 hours after surgery. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, preoperative cardiac status, intra- and postoperative variables including creatinine and hemoglobin values were retrieved for analysis. Results: From 7507 patients analyzed, 1699 patients (22.6 %) developed cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. The ultimate detection model, 'Detect-A(K)I', recognizes cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 hours with an area under the curve of 88.0 %, sensitivity of 78.0 %, specificity of 78.9 %, and accuracy of 82.1 %. The optimal parameter set includes serial changes of creatinine and hemoglobin, operative emergency, bleeding-associated variables, cardiac ischemic time and cardiac function-associated variables, age, diuretics and active infection, chronic obstructive lung and peripheral vascular disease. Conclusion: The 'Detect-A(K)I' model successfully detects cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury within 12 hours after surgery with the best discriminatory characteristics reported so far.}, author = {Kalisnik, Jurij Matija and Bauer, Andr{é} and Vogt, Ferdinand Aurel and Stickl, Franziska Josephine and Zibert, Janez and Fittkau, Matthias and Bertsch, Thomas and Kounev, Samuel and Fischlein, Theodor}, journal = {European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {05}, note = {Joint first authorship}, number = 5, title = {Artificial Intelligence-Based Early Detection Of Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery}, volume = 62, year = 2022 }
• Automated Triage of Performance Change Points Using Time Series Analysis and Machine Learning. Bauer, André; Straesser, Martin; Beierlieb, Lukas; Meissner, Maximilian; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/SPEC on International Conference on Performance Engineering. ACM, 2022.
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  @conference{bauer2022automated, author = {Bauer, André and Straesser, Martin and Beierlieb, Lukas and Meissner, Maximilian and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/SPEC on International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {machine_learning}, month = {04}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Automated Triage of Performance Change Points Using Time Series Analysis and Machine Learning}, year = 2022 }
• Experience and Guidelines for Sorting Algorithm Choices and Their Energy Efficiency. Meissner, Maximilian; Kamthania, Supriya; Rawtani, Nishant; Bucek, James; Lange, Klaus-Dieter; Kounev, Samuel. In Companion of the 2022 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{meissner2022experience, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Meissner, Maximilian and Kamthania, Supriya and Rawtani, Nishant and Bucek, James and Lange, Klaus-Dieter and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2022 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {t_workshop}, month = {04}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Experience and Guidelines for Sorting Algorithm Choices and Their Energy Efficiency}, year = 2022 }
• Characterizing Mobile Signaling Anomalies in the Internet-of-Things. Vomhoff, Viktoria; Geißler, Stefan; Loh, Frank; Bauer, Wolfgang; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2nd IFIP/IEEE International workshop on Fully-Flexible Internet Architectures and Protocols for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet (FlexNGIA). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The development and adoption speed of new Internet of Things (IoT) devices and applications is constantly increasing. In particular in mobile networks, however, constant connectivity for all newly developed, globally spread, and occasionally geographically mobile devices is challenging. While the main business of current network operators is in particular, not to roam these new device generation between different networks, whereas new so-called Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) arise with exactly this business case. They use already available Radio Access Networks and deploy SIM cards that are able to establish data connection everywhere on the basis of international roaming agreements. However, because of the complex interconnection of different systems, additional challenges arise. Outages in one network component might impact the whole system. In this work, we study these signaling anomalies called incidents based on a dataset received from a global MVNO. The goal of this work is to determine traffic characteristics during these incidents towards a better understanding of signaling traffic in IoT networks. Thus, this work can be seen as a fundamental basis to help operators in a characterization, and in particular prediction and avoidance of signaling incidents.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-4, abstract = {The development and adoption speed of new Internet of Things (IoT) devices and applications is constantly increasing. In particular in mobile networks, however, constant connectivity for all newly developed, globally spread, and occasionally geographically mobile devices is challenging. While the main business of current network operators is in particular, not to roam these new device generation between different networks, whereas new so-called Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MVNOs) arise with exactly this business case. They use already available Radio Access Networks and deploy SIM cards that are able to establish data connection everywhere on the basis of international roaming agreements. However, because of the complex interconnection of different systems, additional challenges arise. Outages in one network component might impact the whole system. In this work, we study these signaling anomalies called incidents based on a dataset received from a global MVNO. The goal of this work is to determine traffic characteristics during these incidents towards a better understanding of signaling traffic in IoT networks. Thus, this work can be seen as a fundamental basis to help operators in a characterization, and in particular prediction and avoidance of signaling incidents.}, author = {Vomhoff, Viktoria and Geißler, Stefan and Loh, Frank and Bauer, Wolfgang and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2nd IFIP/IEEE International workshop on Fully-Flexible Internet Architectures and Protocols for the Next-Generation Tactile Internet (FlexNGIA)}, keywords = {can}, month = {04}, title = {Characterizing Mobile Signaling Anomalies in the Internet-of-Things}, year = 2022 }
• FADE: Towards Flexible and Adaptive Distance Estimation Considering Obstacles. Hadry, Marius; Lesch, Veronika; Kounev, Samuel. In Companion of the 13th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE 2022). ACM, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{hadry2022towards, author = {Hadry, Marius and Lesch, Veronika and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Companion of the 13th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE 2022)}, keywords = {cyber-physical_systems}, month = {04}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {FADE: Towards Flexible and Adaptive Distance Estimation Considering Obstacles}, year = 2022 }
• {Solving Disaster-response Tasks at a Nuclear Power Plant under Realistic Conditions}. Edlinger, R.; Dumberger, S.; F{ö}ls, C.; Zouhar, D.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC ’22), pp. 104–109. Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal, 2022.
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  Environmental disasters usually trigger devastating damage and, in the worst case, can also cause reactor accidents in nuclear power plants, see Fukushima disaster or other detailed analysis and reports of accident's causes. The correct assessment of natural disasters and the resulting combination with radiological and nuclear accidents, is a major challenge for rescue teams. The conditions under which rescue and recovery operations, as well as exploration and transport tasks, take place are often challenging for emergency responders and involve a certain potential for danger. Serious incidents in the last decades have shown that rescue teams have an urgent need of robotic platforms for fast exploration and scene understanding, especially in scenarios involving radiation. This paper describes the rescue robotic systems used in a test scenario of a nuclear power plant in which the robots must handle sources with real radiation and lessons learned from various application-specific tasks at the EnRicH competition.

  @inproceedings{ICARSC2022_1, abstract = {Environmental disasters usually trigger devastating damage and, in the worst case, can also cause reactor accidents in nuclear power plants, see Fukushima disaster or other detailed analysis and reports of accident's causes. The correct assessment of natural disasters and the resulting combination with radiological and nuclear accidents, is a major challenge for rescue teams. The conditions under which rescue and recovery operations, as well as exploration and transport tasks, take place are often challenging for emergency responders and involve a certain potential for danger. Serious incidents in the last decades have shown that rescue teams have an urgent need of robotic platforms for fast exploration and scene understanding, especially in scenarios involving radiation. This paper describes the rescue robotic systems used in a test scenario of a nuclear power plant in which the robots must handle sources with real radiation and lessons learned from various application-specific tasks at the EnRicH competition.}, address = {Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal}, author = {Edlinger, R. and Dumberger, S. and F{\"o}ls, C. and Zouhar, D. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, pages = {104–109}, title = {{Solving Disaster-response Tasks at a Nuclear Power Plant under Realistic Conditions}}, year = 2022 }
• Pandemic in the Digital Age: Analyzing WhatsApp Communication Behavior before, during, and after the COVID-19 Lockdown. Seufert, Anika; Poignée, Fabian; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 9(1), pp. 140 (1–9). 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  The strict restrictions introduced by the COVID-19 lockdowns, which started from March 2020, changed people’s daily lives and habits on many different levels. In this work, we investigate the impact of the lockdown on the communication behavior in the mobile instant messaging application WhatsApp. Our evaluations are based on a large dataset of 2577 private chat histories with 25,378,093 messages from 51,973 users. The analysis of the one-to-one and group conversations confirms that the lockdown severely altered the communication in WhatsApp chats compared to pre-pandemic time ranges. In particular, we observe short-term effects, which caused an increased message frequency in the first lockdown months and a shifted communication activity during the day in March and April 2020. Moreover, we also see long-term effects of the ongoing pandemic situation until February 2021, which indicate a change of communication behavior towards more regular messaging, as well as a persisting change in activity during the day. The results of our work show that even anonymized chat histories can tell us a lot about people’s behavior and especially behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and thus are of great relevance for behavioral researchers. Furthermore, looking at the pandemic from an Internet provider perspective, these insights can be used during the next pandemic, or if the current COVID-19 situation worsens, to adapt communication networks to the changed usage behavior early on and thus avoid network congestion.

  @article{info3-article-2022-14, abstract = {The strict restrictions introduced by the COVID-19 lockdowns, which started from March 2020, changed people’s daily lives and habits on many different levels. In this work, we investigate the impact of the lockdown on the communication behavior in the mobile instant messaging application WhatsApp. Our evaluations are based on a large dataset of 2577 private chat histories with 25,378,093 messages from 51,973 users. The analysis of the one-to-one and group conversations confirms that the lockdown severely altered the communication in WhatsApp chats compared to pre-pandemic time ranges. In particular, we observe short-term effects, which caused an increased message frequency in the first lockdown months and a shifted communication activity during the day in March and April 2020. Moreover, we also see long-term effects of the ongoing pandemic situation until February 2021, which indicate a change of communication behavior towards more regular messaging, as well as a persisting change in activity during the day. The results of our work show that even anonymized chat histories can tell us a lot about people’s behavior and especially behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and thus are of great relevance for behavioral researchers. Furthermore, looking at the pandemic from an Internet provider perspective, these insights can be used during the next pandemic, or if the current COVID-19 situation worsens, to adapt communication networks to the changed usage behavior early on and thus avoid network congestion.}, author = {Seufert, Anika and Poignée, Fabian and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences Communications}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {04}, number = 1, pages = {140 (1-9)}, title = {Pandemic in the Digital Age: Analyzing WhatsApp Communication Behavior before, during, and after the COVID-19 Lockdown}, volume = 9, year = 2022 }
• On Learning Hierarchical Embeddings from Encrypted Network Traffic. Wehner, Nikolas; Ring, Markus; Schüler, Joshua; Hotho, Andreas; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael. In 33th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS). Budapest, Hungary, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  This work presents a novel concept for learning embeddings from encrypted network traffic. In contrast to existing approaches, we evaluate the feasibility of hierarchical embeddings by iteratively aggregating packet embeddings to flow embeddings, and flow embeddings to trace embeddings. The hierarchical embedding concept was designed to especially consider complex dependencies of Internet traffic on different time scales. We describe this novel embedding concept for the domain of network traffic in full detail, and evaluate its performance for the downstream task of website fingerprinting, i.e., identifying websites from encrypted traffic, which is relevant for network management, e.g., as a prerequisite for QoE monitoring or for intrusion detection. Our evaluation reveals that embeddings are a promising solution for website fingerprinting as our model correctly labels up to 99.8\% of traces from 500 target websites.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-1, abstract = {This work presents a novel concept for learning embeddings from encrypted network traffic. In contrast to existing approaches, we evaluate the feasibility of hierarchical embeddings by iteratively aggregating packet embeddings to flow embeddings, and flow embeddings to trace embeddings. The hierarchical embedding concept was designed to especially consider complex dependencies of Internet traffic on different time scales. We describe this novel embedding concept for the domain of network traffic in full detail, and evaluate its performance for the downstream task of website fingerprinting, i.e., identifying websites from encrypted traffic, which is relevant for network management, e.g., as a prerequisite for QoE monitoring or for intrusion detection. Our evaluation reveals that embeddings are a promising solution for website fingerprinting as our model correctly labels up to 99.8\% of traces from 500 target websites.}, address = {Budapest, Hungary}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Ring, Markus and Schüler, Joshua and Hotho, Andreas and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {33th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, title = {On Learning Hierarchical Embeddings from Encrypted Network Traffic}, year = 2022 }
• Performance Evaluation of Next-Generation Data Plane Architectures and their Components. Technical Report (PhD dissertation), . Geißler, Stefan. PhD dissertation. University of Würzburg, 2022, April.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  In this doctoral thesis we cover the performance evaluation of next generation data plane architectures, comprised of complex software as well as programmable hardware components that allow fine granular configuration. In the scope of the thesis we propose mechanisms to monitor the performance of singular components and model key performance indicators of software based packet processing solutions. We present novel approaches towards network abstraction that allow the integration of heterogeneous data plane technologies into a singular network while maintaining total transparency between control and data plane. Finally, we investigate a full, complex system consisting of multiple software-based solutions and perform a detailed performance analysis. We employ simulative approaches to investigate overload control mechanisms that allow efficient operation under adversary conditions. The contributions of this work build the foundation for future research in the areas of network softwarization and network function virtualization.

  @phdthesis{info3-dissertation-2022-1, abstract = {In this doctoral thesis we cover the performance evaluation of next generation data plane architectures, comprised of complex software as well as programmable hardware components that allow fine granular configuration. In the scope of the thesis we propose mechanisms to monitor the performance of singular components and model key performance indicators of software based packet processing solutions. We present novel approaches towards network abstraction that allow the integration of heterogeneous data plane technologies into a singular network while maintaining total transparency between control and data plane. Finally, we investigate a full, complex system consisting of multiple software-based solutions and perform a detailed performance analysis. We employ simulative approaches to investigate overload control mechanisms that allow efficient operation under adversary conditions. The contributions of this work build the foundation for future research in the areas of network softwarization and network function virtualization.}, author = {Geißler, Stefan}, keywords = {can}, month = {04}, school = {University of Würzburg}, title = {Performance Evaluation of Next-Generation Data Plane Architectures and their Components}, year = 2022 }
• SPEC Research Group Newsletter, Issue 11. Kounev, Samuel; van Hoorn, Andre; Straesser, Martin; Bauer, Andr{é}. 2022, April.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @misc{SPEC-RG-NEWSLETTER-11, author = {Kounev, Samuel and van Hoorn, Andre and Straesser, Martin and Bauer, Andr{é}}, keywords = {SPEC}, month = {04}, note = {Published by Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC)}, title = {SPEC Research Group Newsletter, Issue 11}, year = 2022 }
• {Synergetic use of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data for large-scale Land Use/Land Cover Mapping}. Brandmeier, M.; Hell, M.; Cherif, E.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the EGU General Assembly 2022, Poster: Novel Methods and Applications of Satellite and Aerial Imagery. Vienna, Austria \& Online, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @inproceedings{EGU2022, address = {Vienna, Austria \& Online}, author = {Brandmeier, M. and Hell, M. and Cherif, E. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the EGU General Assembly 2022, Poster: Novel Methods and Applications of Satellite and Aerial Imagery}, keywords = {author}, month = {04}, number = {EGU2022-4300}, title = {{Synergetic use of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data for large-scale Land Use/Land Cover Mapping}}, year = 2022 }
• ML-based Performance Prediction of SDN using Simulated Data from Real and Synthetic Networks. Dietz, Katharina; Gray, Nicholas; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 33th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS). Budapest, Hungary, 2022.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2022-2, address = {Budapest, Hungary}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Gray, Nicholas and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {33th IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {04}, title = {ML-based Performance Prediction of SDN using Simulated Data from Real and Synthetic Networks}, year = 2022 }
• Anonymized GTP Tunnel Trace in Mobile IoT. Raffeck, Simon; Geißler, Stefan; Krolikowski, Michael; Gebert, Steffen; Hoßfeld, Tobias. 2022, February.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Extensive dataset containing one whole month of create and delete events as well as the total, received, and transmitted volume of devices. We obtained data tunnel related events and volume values over 30 days in October 2021. In total the dataset contains a sample of 500000 unique devices that generate 155 million individual data tunnels.

  @misc{info3-misc-2022-1, abstract = {Extensive dataset containing one whole month of create and delete events as well as the total, received, and transmitted volume of devices. We obtained data tunnel related events and volume values over 30 days in October 2021. In total the dataset contains a sample of 500000 unique devices that generate 155 million individual data tunnels.}, author = {Raffeck, Simon and Geißler, Stefan and Krolikowski, Michael and Gebert, Steffen and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, howpublished = {https://zenodo.org/record/6045708}, keywords = {can}, month = {02}, title = {Anonymized GTP Tunnel Trace in Mobile IoT}, year = 2022 }
• Breaking Plausibility Without Breaking Presence - Evidence For The Multi-Layer Nature Of Plausibility. Brübach, Larissa; Westermeier, Franziska; Wienrich, Carolin; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 28(5), pp. 2267–2276. 2022.
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  A novel theoretical model recently introduced coherence and plausibility as the essential conditions of XR experiences, challenging contemporary presence-oriented concepts. This article reports on two experiments validating this model, which assumes coherence activation on three layers (cognition, perception, and sensation) as the potential sources leading to a condition of plausibility and from there to other XR qualia such as presence or body ownership. The experiments introduce and utilize breaks in plausibility (in analogy to breaks in presence): We induce incoherence on the perceptual and the cognitive layer simultaneously by a simulation of object behaviors that do not conform to the laws of physics, i.e., gravity. We show that this manipulation breaks plausibility and hence confirm that it results in the desired effects in the theorized condition space but that the breaks in plausibility did not affect presence. In addition, we show that a cognitive manipulation by a storyline framing is too weak to successfully counteract the strong bottom-up inconsistencies. Both results are in line with the predictions of the recently introduced three-layer model of coherence and plausibility, which incorporates well-known top-down and bottom-up rivalries and its theorized increased independence between plausibility and presence.

  @article{9714117, abstract = {A novel theoretical model recently introduced coherence and plausibility as the essential conditions of XR experiences, challenging contemporary presence-oriented concepts. This article reports on two experiments validating this model, which assumes coherence activation on three layers (cognition, perception, and sensation) as the potential sources leading to a condition of plausibility and from there to other XR qualia such as presence or body ownership. The experiments introduce and utilize breaks in plausibility (in analogy to breaks in presence): We induce incoherence on the perceptual and the cognitive layer simultaneously by a simulation of object behaviors that do not conform to the laws of physics, i.e., gravity. We show that this manipulation breaks plausibility and hence confirm that it results in the desired effects in the theorized condition space but that the breaks in plausibility did not affect presence. In addition, we show that a cognitive manipulation by a storyline framing is too weak to successfully counteract the strong bottom-up inconsistencies. Both results are in line with the predictions of the recently introduced three-layer model of coherence and plausibility, which incorporates well-known top-down and bottom-up rivalries and its theorized increased independence between plausibility and presence.}, author = {Brübach, Larissa and Westermeier, Franziska and Wienrich, Carolin and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, keywords = {xrhub}, month = {02}, note = {IEEE VR Best Journal Paper Nominee 🏆}, number = 5, pages = {2267-2276}, title = {Breaking Plausibility Without Breaking Presence - Evidence For The Multi-Layer Nature Of Plausibility}, volume = 28, year = 2022 }
• IT-Supported Request Management for Clinical Radiology: Contextual Design and Remote Prototype Testing. Krop, Philipp; Straka, Samantha; Ullrich, Melanie; Ertl, Maximilian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, of CHI EA ’22, pp. 1–8. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Management of radiology requests in larger clinical contexts is characterized by a complex and distributed workflow. In our partner hospital, representing many similar clinics, these processes often still rely on exchanging physical papers and forms, making patient or case data challenging to access. This often leads to phone calls with long waiting queues, which are time-inefficient and result in frequent interrupts. We report on a user-centered design approach based on Rapid Contextual Design with an additional focus group to optimize and iteratively develop a new workflow. Participants found our prototypes fast and intuitive, the design clean and consistent, relevant information easy to access, and the request process fast and easy. Due to the COVID pandemic, we switched to remote prototype testing, which yielded equally good feedback and increased the participation rate. In the end, we propose best practices for remote prototype testing in hospitals with complex and distributed workflows.

  @inproceedings{krop2022a, abstract = {Management of radiology requests in larger clinical contexts is characterized by a complex and distributed workflow. In our partner hospital, representing many similar clinics, these processes often still rely on exchanging physical papers and forms, making patient or case data challenging to access. This often leads to phone calls with long waiting queues, which are time-inefficient and result in frequent interrupts. We report on a user-centered design approach based on Rapid Contextual Design with an additional focus group to optimize and iteratively develop a new workflow. Participants found our prototypes fast and intuitive, the design clean and consistent, relevant information easy to access, and the request process fast and easy. Due to the COVID pandemic, we switched to remote prototype testing, which yielded equally good feedback and increased the participation rate. In the end, we propose best practices for remote prototype testing in hospitals with complex and distributed workflows.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Krop, Philipp and Straka, Samantha and Ullrich, Melanie and Ertl, Maximilian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts}, keywords = {latoschik}, month = {04}, number = 45, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {CHI EA '22}, title = {IT-Supported Request Management for Clinical Radiology: Contextual Design and Remote Prototype Testing}, year = 2022 }
• {Entwicklung einer randomisierten Hough-Transformation zur Zylinderdetektion in Laserscans}. Menninger, S.; Bleier, and M.; N{ü}chter, A. In Photogrammetrie Laserscanning Optische 3D-Messtechnik, Beitr{ä}ge der Oldenburger 3D-Tage 2022, Jade Hochschule, pp. 260–267. Wichmann, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Neben Ebenen sind Zylinder eine der am häufigsten auftretenden grundlegenden Formen im industriellen Bereich, da sie als geometrische Primitive für Rohrleitungen, Gerüste und dergleichen dienen. Eine schnelle, effiziente und robuste Methode zur Detektion von Zylindern in Punktwolken ist somit essenziell, um die manuellen Schritte bei der Modellerzeugung zu minimieren. Auch wenn es möglich ist, mithilfe einer 5D Hough-Transformation Zylinder zu detektieren, so ist dieser Ansatz doch sehr komplex und zeitintensiv. Aus diesem Grund ist diese Methode auf großen Punktwolken nicht direkt anwendbar. Eine Verringerung der Komplexität kann durch einen sequenziellen zwei Schritt Ansatz ermöglicht werden. Der erste Schritt findet mithilfe einer 2D-Hough-Transformation eine starke Hypothese für die Zylinderachsenorientierung, während sich der Zweite mit der Suche des Radius und der Zylinderposition im dreidimensionalen Raum beschäftigt. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine Randomized Hough-Transformation (RHT) basierte Implementierung vor, die sich damit beschäftigt, möglichst effizient Zylinder und Teilzylinder bis hin zu Halbzylindern automatisch zu detektieren. Mithilfe Simulations- sowie Echtdaten werden die Resultate anschließend verifiziert und bewertet.

  @inproceedings{3DTAGE2022_1, abstract = {Neben Ebenen sind Zylinder eine der am häufigsten auftretenden grundlegenden Formen im industriellen Bereich, da sie als geometrische Primitive für Rohrleitungen, Gerüste und dergleichen dienen. Eine schnelle, effiziente und robuste Methode zur Detektion von Zylindern in Punktwolken ist somit essenziell, um die manuellen Schritte bei der Modellerzeugung zu minimieren. Auch wenn es möglich ist, mithilfe einer 5D Hough-Transformation Zylinder zu detektieren, so ist dieser Ansatz doch sehr komplex und zeitintensiv. Aus diesem Grund ist diese Methode auf großen Punktwolken nicht direkt anwendbar. Eine Verringerung der Komplexität kann durch einen sequenziellen zwei Schritt Ansatz ermöglicht werden. Der erste Schritt findet mithilfe einer 2D-Hough-Transformation eine starke Hypothese für die Zylinderachsenorientierung, während sich der Zweite mit der Suche des Radius und der Zylinderposition im dreidimensionalen Raum beschäftigt. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine Randomized Hough-Transformation (RHT) basierte Implementierung vor, die sich damit beschäftigt, möglichst effizient Zylinder und Teilzylinder bis hin zu Halbzylindern automatisch zu detektieren. Mithilfe Simulations- sowie Echtdaten werden die Resultate anschließend verifiziert und bewertet.}, author = {Menninger, S. and and M. Bleier and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Photogrammetrie Laserscanning Optische 3D-Messtechnik, Beitr{\"a}ge der Oldenburger 3D-Tage 2022, Jade Hochschule}, keywords = {myown}, month = {02}, pages = {260–267}, publisher = {Wichmann}, title = {{Entwicklung einer randomisierten Hough-Transformation zur Zylinderdetektion in Laserscans}}, year = 2022 }
• {Visuelle Odometrie und SLAM für die Bewegungs-kompensation und mobile Kartierung mit einem optischen 3D-Unterwassersensor}. Bleier, M.; Munkelt, C.; Heinze, M.; Br{ä}uer-Burchardt, C.; Lauterbach, H. A.; van der Lucht, J.; N{ü}chter, A. In Photogrammetrie Laserscanning Optische 3D-Messtechnik, Beitr{ä}ge der Oldenburger 3D-Tage 2022, Jade Hochschule, pp. 394–405. Wichmann, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  Im Projekt UWSensor wurde ein neuartiger optischer 3D-Unterwassersensor basierend auf Streifenlichtprojektion mit einem GOBO-Projektor entwickelt. Das Sensorsystem ermöglicht eine flächige 3D-Erfassung mit hoher Genauigkeit und Abtastrate, sowie eine gleichzeitige Erfassung von Farbdaten. Dies erlaubt den Einsatz zur mobilen Kartierung und 3D-Erfassung mit einem Unterwasserfahrzeug. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Bewegungsschätzung sowie der Fusion der Einzelscans in ein global konsistentes 3D-Modell. Hierbei wird zunächst visuelle Odometrie in Kombination mit einem faseroptischen Gyroskop genutzt, um die Eigenbewegung des Sensors zu schätzen. Die daraus latenzarm abgeleiteten Posen werden dem Live-Aufnahmesystem des Sensors bereitgestellt, um eine online-Bewegungskompensation der den 3D Scans zugrundeliegenden Serie von Kamerabildern zu realisieren. Anschließend wird eine mehrstufigen Registrierungsstrategie angewendet, um die Schätzung der Trajektorie weiter zu verfeinern. Zunächst wird mittels des Iterative Closest Point (ICP) Algorithmus jede 3D-Punktwolke sequentiell gegen ihre Vorgänger registriert. Da sich kleine Restfehler in der Registrierung akkumulieren, erfolgt im nächsten Schritt eine zweite Registrierung mittels eines zeitkontinuierlichen ICP-Verfahren. Hierbei werden mehrere Punktwolken zu Teilkarten zusammengefasst und gegeneinander registriert, wobei die Verbesserungen der Trajektorie im Anschluss wiederum auf die einzelnen Posen der Punktwolken verteilt werden, um die Kontinuität der Trajektorie zu bewahren. In diesem Registrierungsschritt werden auch Schleifen in der Trajektorie erkannt und geschlossen, um den Drift zu korrigieren. Für die Kalibrierung des Sensorsystems wurde eine Kombination von Aufnahmen in Luft und im Wasser eingesetzt. Das Verfahren wurde auf dynamischen Aufnahmen mit dem neuentwickelten Sensorsystem in einem Wasserbecken getestet und evaluiert. Hierbei wurden sowohl bekannte Testkörper mit bewegtem Sensor im Wasser eingescannt, als auch die berechneten Trajektorien anhand der Bewegungsdaten des Portalsystems validiert.

  @inproceedings{3DTAGE2022_2, abstract = {Im Projekt UWSensor wurde ein neuartiger optischer 3D-Unterwassersensor basierend auf Streifenlichtprojektion mit einem GOBO-Projektor entwickelt. Das Sensorsystem ermöglicht eine flächige 3D-Erfassung mit hoher Genauigkeit und Abtastrate, sowie eine gleichzeitige Erfassung von Farbdaten. Dies erlaubt den Einsatz zur mobilen Kartierung und 3D-Erfassung mit einem Unterwasserfahrzeug. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Bewegungsschätzung sowie der Fusion der Einzelscans in ein global konsistentes 3D-Modell. Hierbei wird zunächst visuelle Odometrie in Kombination mit einem faseroptischen Gyroskop genutzt, um die Eigenbewegung des Sensors zu schätzen. Die daraus latenzarm abgeleiteten Posen werden dem Live-Aufnahmesystem des Sensors bereitgestellt, um eine online-Bewegungskompensation der den 3D Scans zugrundeliegenden Serie von Kamerabildern zu realisieren. Anschließend wird eine mehrstufigen Registrierungsstrategie angewendet, um die Schätzung der Trajektorie weiter zu verfeinern. Zunächst wird mittels des Iterative Closest Point (ICP) Algorithmus jede 3D-Punktwolke sequentiell gegen ihre Vorgänger registriert. Da sich kleine Restfehler in der Registrierung akkumulieren, erfolgt im nächsten Schritt eine zweite Registrierung mittels eines zeitkontinuierlichen ICP-Verfahren. Hierbei werden mehrere Punktwolken zu Teilkarten zusammengefasst und gegeneinander registriert, wobei die Verbesserungen der Trajektorie im Anschluss wiederum auf die einzelnen Posen der Punktwolken verteilt werden, um die Kontinuität der Trajektorie zu bewahren. In diesem Registrierungsschritt werden auch Schleifen in der Trajektorie erkannt und geschlossen, um den Drift zu korrigieren. Für die Kalibrierung des Sensorsystems wurde eine Kombination von Aufnahmen in Luft und im Wasser eingesetzt. Das Verfahren wurde auf dynamischen Aufnahmen mit dem neuentwickelten Sensorsystem in einem Wasserbecken getestet und evaluiert. Hierbei wurden sowohl bekannte Testkörper mit bewegtem Sensor im Wasser eingescannt, als auch die berechneten Trajektorien anhand der Bewegungsdaten des Portalsystems validiert.}, author = {Bleier, M. and Munkelt, C. and Heinze, M. and Br{\"a}uer-Burchardt, C. and Lauterbach, H. A. and van der Lucht, J. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Photogrammetrie Laserscanning Optische 3D-Messtechnik, Beitr{\"a}ge der Oldenburger 3D-Tage 2022, Jade Hochschule}, keywords = {myown}, month = {02}, pages = {394–405}, publisher = {Wichmann}, title = {{Visuelle Odometrie und SLAM für die Bewegungs-kompensation und mobile Kartierung mit einem optischen 3D-Unterwassersensor}}, year = 2022 }
• Advances in Mobile Mapping Technologies. Lehtola, V.; N{ü}chter, A.; Goulette, F. In of (This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Advances in Mobile Mapping Technologies that was published in Remote Sensing). MDPI, Basel, Switzerland, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Mobile mapping is applied widely in society, for example, in asset management, fleet management, construction planning, road safety, and maintenance optimization. Yet, further advances in these technologies are called for. Advances can be radical, such as changes to the prevailing paradigms in mobile mapping, or incremental, such as the state-of-the-art mobile mapping methods. With current multi-sensor systems in mobile mapping, laser-scanned data are often registered in point clouds with the aid of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning or simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques and then labeled and colored with the aid of machine learning methods and digital camera data. These multi-sensor platforms are beginning to undergo further advancements via the addition of multi-spectral and other sensors and via the development of machine learning techniques used in processing this multi-modal data. Embedded systems and minimalistic system designs are also attracting attention, from both academic and commercial perspectives. In order to address these topics, we edited the Special Issue Advances in Mobile Mapping Technologies for the Remote Sensing journal. This book contains the published articles of this Special Issue and is aimed at those in academia and industry alike. Specifically, it consists of works introducing a new mobile mapping dataset (‘Paris CARLA 3D’), system calibration studies, SLAM topics, and multiple deep learning works for asset detection. We wish to thank all the authors who contributed to this collection.

  @book{MDPISENSORS2022, abstract = {Mobile mapping is applied widely in society, for example, in asset management, fleet management, construction planning, road safety, and maintenance optimization. Yet, further advances in these technologies are called for. Advances can be radical, such as changes to the prevailing paradigms in mobile mapping, or incremental, such as the state-of-the-art mobile mapping methods. With current multi-sensor systems in mobile mapping, laser-scanned data are often registered in point clouds with the aid of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning or simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques and then labeled and colored with the aid of machine learning methods and digital camera data. These multi-sensor platforms are beginning to undergo further advancements via the addition of multi-spectral and other sensors and via the development of machine learning techniques used in processing this multi-modal data. Embedded systems and minimalistic system designs are also attracting attention, from both academic and commercial perspectives. In order to address these topics, we edited the Special Issue Advances in Mobile Mapping Technologies for the Remote Sensing journal. This book contains the published articles of this Special Issue and is aimed at those in academia and industry alike. Specifically, it consists of works introducing a new mobile mapping dataset (‘Paris CARLA 3D’), system calibration studies, SLAM topics, and multiple deep learning works for asset detection. We wish to thank all the authors who contributed to this collection.}, address = {Basel, Switzerland}, editor = {Lehtola, V. and N{\"u}chter, A. and Goulette, F.}, keywords = {author}, month = {03}, publisher = {MDPI}, series = {(This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Advances in Mobile Mapping Technologies that was published in Remote Sensing)}, title = {Advances in Mobile Mapping Technologies}, year = 2022 }
• Simulative Performance Study of Slotted Aloha for LoRaWAN Channel Access. Loh, Frank; Mehling, Noah; Geißler, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium. 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Future Internet of Things deployments generate a multitude of new challenges and opportunities. While 5G networks promise massive throughput rates with ultra low delays, many verticals in the areas of Industry 4.0, Smart City, or Smart Agriculture only transmit tiny amounts of data and instead demand high energy efficiency. This is addressed by access technologies like Low Power Wide Area Networks being com- plementary to high performance 5G networks. Especially Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) promises transmissions across long distances with low energy requirements with the drawback of unreliable transmission due to potential message collisions through random channel access. For that reason, a broad parameter study simulation for LoRaWAN channel access with slotted Aloha is presented for real world scenarios and influences like clock drifts or cross traffic. The key impact factors of this channel access approach are studied with focus on the collision probability in various scenarios and simulation results are compared to the current state of the art. The contribution of this work are guidelines for parameter settings in a LoRaWAN with slotted Aloha channel access and performance comparisons for different settings. This information is crucial to scale and operate future LoRaWANs.

  @inproceedings{info3-article-2022-13, abstract = {Future Internet of Things deployments generate a multitude of new challenges and opportunities. While 5G networks promise massive throughput rates with ultra low delays, many verticals in the areas of Industry 4.0, Smart City, or Smart Agriculture only transmit tiny amounts of data and instead demand high energy efficiency. This is addressed by access technologies like Low Power Wide Area Networks being com- plementary to high performance 5G networks. Especially Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) promises transmissions across long distances with low energy requirements with the drawback of unreliable transmission due to potential message collisions through random channel access. For that reason, a broad parameter study simulation for LoRaWAN channel access with slotted Aloha is presented for real world scenarios and influences like clock drifts or cross traffic. The key impact factors of this channel access approach are studied with focus on the collision probability in various scenarios and simulation results are compared to the current state of the art. The contribution of this work are guidelines for parameter settings in a LoRaWAN with slotted Aloha channel access and performance comparisons for different settings. This information is crucial to scale and operate future LoRaWANs.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Mehling, Noah and Geißler, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium}, keywords = {can}, month = {04}, title = {Simulative Performance Study of Slotted Aloha for LoRaWAN Channel Access}, year = 2022 }
• SPEC Efficiency Benchmark Development: How to Contribute to the Future of Energy Conservation. Meissner, Maximilian; Lange, Klaus-Dieter; Arnold, Jeremy; Sharma, Sanjay; Tipley, Roger; Rawtani, Nishant; Reiner, David; Petrich, Mike; Cragin, Aaron. In Companion of the 2022 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  A driving force behind the improvement of server efficiency in recent years is the use of SPEC benchmarks. They are used in mandatory government regulations, the ISO/IEC 21836:2020 standard, and product marketing, giving server manufacturers and buyers significant incentive to improve energy efficiency. To produce relevant results, benchmarks need to take into account future trends in hardware and software development, such as the introduction of new accelerators and workloads. To keep pace with the development of the fast moving IT landscape, SPEC plans to introduce a workload bounty program to encourage researchers to develop novel workloads. Submitted workloads will be considered for inclusion in future SPEC Efficiency benchmarks and rewarded. In this paper, we outline the process of energy-efficiency benchmark development. SPEC ensures the development of high-quality benchmarks for government regulations through its extensive experience and collaboration with stakeholders from industry, academia, and governments. One of the tools that emerged from this process is the Chauffeur Worklet Development Kit (WDK), which can be used by researchers to develop next-generation workloads to enhance the real-world relevance of future SPEC benchmarks, a critical element for the benchmarks to contribute to future energy conservation.

  @inproceedings{meissner2022efficiency, abstract = {A driving force behind the improvement of server efficiency in recent years is the use of SPEC benchmarks. They are used in mandatory government regulations, the ISO/IEC 21836:2020 standard, and product marketing, giving server manufacturers and buyers significant incentive to improve energy efficiency. To produce relevant results, benchmarks need to take into account future trends in hardware and software development, such as the introduction of new accelerators and workloads. To keep pace with the development of the fast moving IT landscape, SPEC plans to introduce a workload bounty program to encourage researchers to develop novel workloads. Submitted workloads will be considered for inclusion in future SPEC Efficiency benchmarks and rewarded. In this paper, we outline the process of energy-efficiency benchmark development. SPEC ensures the development of high-quality benchmarks for government regulations through its extensive experience and collaboration with stakeholders from industry, academia, and governments. One of the tools that emerged from this process is the Chauffeur Worklet Development Kit (WDK), which can be used by researchers to develop next-generation workloads to enhance the real-world relevance of future SPEC benchmarks, a critical element for the benchmarks to contribute to future energy conservation.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Meissner, Maximilian and Lange, Klaus-Dieter and Arnold, Jeremy and Sharma, Sanjay and Tipley, Roger and Rawtani, Nishant and Reiner, David and Petrich, Mike and Cragin, Aaron}, booktitle = {Companion of the 2022 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {spec}, month = {04}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {SPEC Efficiency Benchmark Development: How to Contribute to the Future of Energy Conservation}, year = 2022 }
• {Field Experiments with an Automated Utility Platform for Transportation and Work Processes}. Edlinger, R.; Dumberger, S.; Froschauer, R.; Pointner, W.; Zeilinger, M.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC ’22), pp. 21–26. Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal, 2022.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The automation of transport and work tasks in various application domains continues to be a major challenge. The proposed paper presents key technologies within a process from sensing to reasoning and includes: (i) understanding the scene and its relations through new approaches in object classification and pose estimation based on machine learning, as well as methods for reliable detection of objects and object features; (ii) reliable and safe outdoor localization and mapping based on multi-modal approaches and innovative camera-based methods. The fusion of different sensor data is used for reliable obstacle detection and collision avoidance. The investigation of suitable system architectures, data processing platforms and communication mechanisms taking into account safety requirements is a prerequisite for the operation in a safety-critical environment. The paper provides a proof of concept for an automated platform to demonstrate and evaluate application scenario provided by the Linz Airport in the form of an automated transport process for air freight between a terminal and the aircraft.

  @inproceedings{ICARSC2022_2, abstract = {The automation of transport and work tasks in various application domains continues to be a major challenge. The proposed paper presents key technologies within a process from sensing to reasoning and includes: (i) understanding the scene and its relations through new approaches in object classification and pose estimation based on machine learning, as well as methods for reliable detection of objects and object features; (ii) reliable and safe outdoor localization and mapping based on multi-modal approaches and innovative camera-based methods. The fusion of different sensor data is used for reliable obstacle detection and collision avoidance. The investigation of suitable system architectures, data processing platforms and communication mechanisms taking into account safety requirements is a prerequisite for the operation in a safety-critical environment. The paper provides a proof of concept for an automated platform to demonstrate and evaluate application scenario provided by the Linz Airport in the form of an automated transport process for air freight between a terminal and the aircraft.}, address = {Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal}, author = {Edlinger, R. and Dumberger, S. and Froschauer, R. and Pointner, W. and Zeilinger, M. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions (ICARSC '22)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {04}, pages = {21–26}, title = {{Field Experiments with an Automated Utility Platform for Transportation and Work Processes}}, year = 2022 }
• Dataset: Who is Alyx? (GitHub Repository). Rack, Christian; Sieper, Fabian; Schach, Lukas; Yalcin, Murat; Latoschik, Marc E. 2022, April.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This dataset contains over 110 hours of motion, eye-tracking and physiological data from 71 players of the virtual reality game “Half-Life: Alyx”. Each player played the game on two separate days for about 45 minutes using a HTC Vive Pro.

  @dataset{who_is_alyx_2022, abstract = {This dataset contains over 110 hours of motion, eye-tracking and physiological data from 71 players of the virtual reality game “Half-Life: Alyx”. Each player played the game on two separate days for about 45 minutes using a HTC Vive Pro.}, author = {Rack, Christian and Sieper, Fabian and Schach, Lukas and Yalcin, Murat and Latoschik, Marc E.}, keywords = {VirtualReality}, month = {04}, title = {Dataset: Who is Alyx? (GitHub Repository)}, year = 2022 }

• Systems Benchmarking. Kounev, Samuel. Invited Talk at Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken, Germany, 2021, May 20.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{kounev2021systems, address = {Saarbrücken, Germany}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {05}, note = {https://cms.sic.saarland/se_seminar_ss21/news/view/7}, publisher = {Invited Talk at Universität des Saarlandes}, title = {Systems Benchmarking}, year = 2021 }
• On Inter-Rater Reliability for Crowdsourced QoE. Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael; Naderi, Babak. In 13th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). Montreal, Canada (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-9, address = {Montreal, Canada (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael and Naderi, Babak}, booktitle = {13th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {06}, title = {On Inter-Rater Reliability for Crowdsourced QoE}, year = 2021 }
• Trust but Verify: Crowdsourced Mobile Network Measurements and Statistical Validity Measures. Seufert, Anika; Wamser, Florian; Wunderer, Stefan; Hall, Andrew; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications & 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit). Porto, Portugal (virtual conference), 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Network operators, regulators, and big data companies use crowdsourced measurements to study the performance of mobile networks on a large scale. Such a type of measurement is defined as the collection and processing of data measured by the crowd, here the crowd of mobile subscribers. Crowdsourced network measurements make it relatively easy and inexpensive to obtain large amounts of network data that also reflect the quality actually received by the end user. However, this measurement method also involves some uncertainties, since, for example, it is not possible to precisely control when, where and with which devices measurements are taken. Thus, there is a trade-off between the reliability of the individual measurement and the scope of the measurements. Therefore, how data of this type is analyzed is particularly important in order to obtain valid results. To address this issue, our paper defines concepts and guidelines for analyzing the validity of crowdsourced mobile network measurements. In particular, we address precision, for example the number of measurements needed to make valid statements, and also representativeness, for example the spatial and temporal distribution of the data. In addition to the formal definition of these two aspects, we illustrate the issue and possible evaluation approaches with the help of an extensive example data set. This data set consists of more than 11.7M crowdsourced mobile measurements from all over France, measured by a commercial mobile data provider. In the end, we provide an evaluation guideline and two possible use cases.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-11, abstract = {Network operators, regulators, and big data companies use crowdsourced measurements to study the performance of mobile networks on a large scale. Such a type of measurement is defined as the collection and processing of data measured by the crowd, here the crowd of mobile subscribers. Crowdsourced network measurements make it relatively easy and inexpensive to obtain large amounts of network data that also reflect the quality actually received by the end user. However, this measurement method also involves some uncertainties, since, for example, it is not possible to precisely control when, where and with which devices measurements are taken. Thus, there is a trade-off between the reliability of the individual measurement and the scope of the measurements. Therefore, how data of this type is analyzed is particularly important in order to obtain valid results. To address this issue, our paper defines concepts and guidelines for analyzing the validity of crowdsourced mobile network measurements. In particular, we address precision, for example the number of measurements needed to make valid statements, and also representativeness, for example the spatial and temporal distribution of the data. In addition to the formal definition of these two aspects, we illustrate the issue and possible evaluation approaches with the help of an extensive example data set. This data set consists of more than 11.7M crowdsourced mobile measurements from all over France, measured by a commercial mobile data provider. In the end, we provide an evaluation guideline and two possible use cases.}, address = {Porto, Portugal (virtual conference)}, author = {Seufert, Anika and Wamser, Florian and Wunderer, Stefan and Hall, Andrew and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2021 Joint European Conference on Networks and Communications & 6G Summit (EuCNC/6G Summit)}, keywords = {can}, month = {06}, title = {Trust but Verify: Crowdsourced Mobile Network Measurements and Statistical Validity Measures}, year = 2021 }
• QoE Models in the Wild: Comparing Video QoE Models Using a Crowdsourced Data Set. Seufert, Anika; Wamser, Florian; Yarish, David; Macdonald, Hunter; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2021 13th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). Montreal, Canada (virtual conference), 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Crowdsourced measurements solve the problem of being able to assess the performance of a communication network from an end-user perspective, but the new characteristics of the data pose new challenges for QoE modeling. In contrast to existing laboratory or network measurements, this type of measurement at the end-user device primarily involves taking a large number of short sample measurements, which, however, are rich in measured parameters, including many user-, application-, and device-related parameters. To test the applicability and to facilitate the integration of such data, we applied four QoE models from the literature to 290k worldwide video streaming measurements from a commercial data set from August to October 2020. In this work, we will therefore first describe the crowdsourcing video streaming data set to provide insights into the properties of video streaming KPIs in the real-world. Second, we run four popular QoE models using this data set, compare the resulting QoE scores, and derive the impact of individual KPIs for each model. We show that the models assess the QoE at least differently, but sometimes with contradicting statements. Reading this paper, it becomes evident that more work and subjective studies, based on real-world data like the one we have shown, are needed to extend the current QoE models.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-12, abstract = {Crowdsourced measurements solve the problem of being able to assess the performance of a communication network from an end-user perspective, but the new characteristics of the data pose new challenges for QoE modeling. In contrast to existing laboratory or network measurements, this type of measurement at the end-user device primarily involves taking a large number of short sample measurements, which, however, are rich in measured parameters, including many user-, application-, and device-related parameters. To test the applicability and to facilitate the integration of such data, we applied four QoE models from the literature to 290k worldwide video streaming measurements from a commercial data set from August to October 2020. In this work, we will therefore first describe the crowdsourcing video streaming data set to provide insights into the properties of video streaming KPIs in the real-world. Second, we run four popular QoE models using this data set, compare the resulting QoE scores, and derive the impact of individual KPIs for each model. We show that the models assess the QoE at least differently, but sometimes with contradicting statements. Reading this paper, it becomes evident that more work and subjective studies, based on real-world data like the one we have shown, are needed to extend the current QoE models.}, address = {Montreal, Canada (virtual conference)}, author = {Seufert, Anika and Wamser, Florian and Yarish, David and Macdonald, Hunter and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2021 13th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX)}, keywords = {can}, month = {06}, title = {QoE Models in the Wild: Comparing Video QoE Models Using a Crowdsourced Data Set}, year = 2021 }
• Self-Supervised Multi-Task Pretraining Improves Image Aesthetic Assessment. Pfister, Jan; Kobs, Konstantin; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops, pp. 816–825. 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Pfister_2021_CVPR, author = {Pfister, Jan and Kobs, Konstantin and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops}, keywords = 2021, month = {06}, pages = {816-825}, title = {Self-Supervised Multi-Task Pretraining Improves Image Aesthetic Assessment}, year = 2021 }
• A Self-Learning Meta-Optimization Framework for Adaptation Planning. Technical Report (Master thesis), . Hadry, Marius. Master thesis. University of W{ü}rzburg, Am Hubland, Informatikgeb{ä}ude, 97074 W{ü}rzburg, Germany, 2021, May.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @mastersthesis{hadry2021selflearning, address = {Am Hubland, Informatikgeb{\"a}ude, 97074 W{\"u}rzburg, Germany}, author = {Hadry, Marius}, keywords = {Thesis_supervised_by_Veronika_Lesch}, month = {05}, school = {University of W{\"u}rzburg}, title = {A Self-Learning Meta-Optimization Framework for Adaptation Planning}, year = 2021 }
• High Performance Network Metadata Extraction Using P4 for ML-Based Intrusion Detection Systems. Gray, Nicholas; Dietz, Katharina; Seufert, Michael; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 22nd International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing (HPSR). Paris, France (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-8, address = {Paris, France (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Gray, Nicholas and Dietz, Katharina and Seufert, Michael and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {22nd International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing (HPSR)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {06}, title = {High Performance Network Metadata Extraction Using P4 for ML-Based Intrusion Detection Systems}, year = 2021 }
• On Machine Learning based Video QoE Estimation Across Different Networks. Orsolic, Irena; Seufert, Michael. In 16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL), Best Paper Award. Zagreb, Croatia (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-10, address = {Zagreb, Croatia (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Orsolic, Irena and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {16th International Conference on Telecommunications (ConTEL), Best Paper Award}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {07}, title = {On Machine Learning based Video QoE Estimation Across Different Networks}, year = 2021 }
• SARDE: A Framework for Continuous and Self-Adaptive Resource Demand Estimation. Grohmann, Johannes; Eismann, Simon; Bauer, Andr{é}; Spinner, Simon; Blum, Johannes; Herbst, Nikolas; Kounev, Samuel. In ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems, 15(2). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Resource demands are crucial parameters for modeling and predicting the performance of software systems. Currently, resource demand estimators are usually executed once for system analysis. However, the monitored system, as well as the resource demand itself, are subject to constant change in runtime environments. These changes additionally impact the applicability, the required parametrization as well as the resulting accuracy of individual estimation approaches. Over time, this leads to invalid or outdated estimates, which in turn negatively influence the decision-making of adaptive systems. In this article, we present SARDE, a framework for self-adaptive resource demand estimation in continuous environments. SARDE dynamically and continuously tunes, selects, and executes an ensemble of resource demand estimation approaches to adapt to changes in the environment. This creates an autonomous and unsupervised ensemble estimation technique, providing reliable resource demand estimations in dynamic environments. We evaluate SARDE using two realistic datasets. One set of different micro-benchmarks reflecting different possible system states and one dataset consisting of a continuously running application in a changing environment. Our results show that by continuously applying online optimization, selection and estimation, SARDE is able to efficiently adapt to the online trace and reduce the model error using the resulting ensemble technique.

  @article{GrEiBaSpBlHeKo2021-TaaS-SARDE, abstract = {Resource demands are crucial parameters for modeling and predicting the performance of software systems. Currently, resource demand estimators are usually executed once for system analysis. However, the monitored system, as well as the resource demand itself, are subject to constant change in runtime environments. These changes additionally impact the applicability, the required parametrization as well as the resulting accuracy of individual estimation approaches. Over time, this leads to invalid or outdated estimates, which in turn negatively influence the decision-making of adaptive systems. In this article, we present SARDE, a framework for self-adaptive resource demand estimation in continuous environments. SARDE dynamically and continuously tunes, selects, and executes an ensemble of resource demand estimation approaches to adapt to changes in the environment. This creates an autonomous and unsupervised ensemble estimation technique, providing reliable resource demand estimations in dynamic environments. We evaluate SARDE using two realistic datasets. One set of different micro-benchmarks reflecting different possible system states and one dataset consisting of a continuously running application in a changing environment. Our results show that by continuously applying online optimization, selection and estimation, SARDE is able to efficiently adapt to the online trace and reduce the model error using the resulting ensemble technique.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Grohmann, Johannes and Eismann, Simon and Bauer, Andr\'{e} and Spinner, Simon and Blum, Johannes and Herbst, Nikolas and Kounev, Samuel}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = {06}, number = 2, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {SARDE: A Framework for Continuous and Self-Adaptive Resource Demand Estimation}, volume = 15, year = 2021 }
• Dynamic Real-Time Stream Reservation with TAS and Shared Time Windows. Grigorjew, Alexej; Gray, Nicholas; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 2nd International Workshop on Time-Sensitive and Deterministic Networking (TENSOR). 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Motivated by new use cases such as industrial automation and in-vehicle communication, Time-Sensitive Networking is further improving the layer~2 standards for real-time communication in Ethernet networks. As periodic traffic is a common requirement in such scenarios, the Time Aware Shaper (TAS) is a highly popular mechanism that allows the realization of real-time guarantees in synchronized networks. Most applications in literature suggest to configure the TAS for full stream isolation such that the lowest delays can be achieved. However, this ``zero-queuing'' strategy requires a high amount of computational resources and time, as the configuration of the gate control lists of each port is a complex task, which is not suitable for scenarios with dynamically changing requirements. This paper presents a novel approach with shared time windows. In combination with stream reservation techniques that are commonly applied for asynchronous mechanisms, the network is able to accept new streams during operation without complex reconfiguration, while still benefiting from some degree of isolation compared to conventional asynchronous shapers. The evaluation shows that, given the right circumstances, the number of accepted real-time streams can be improved significantly.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-7, abstract = {Motivated by new use cases such as industrial automation and in-vehicle communication, Time-Sensitive Networking is further improving the layer 2 standards for real-time communication in Ethernet networks. As periodic traffic is a common requirement in such scenarios, the Time Aware Shaper (TAS) is a highly popular mechanism that allows the realization of real-time guarantees in synchronized networks. Most applications in literature suggest to configure the TAS for full stream isolation such that the lowest delays can be achieved. However, this ``zero-queuing'' strategy requires a high amount of computational resources and time, as the configuration of the gate control lists of each port is a complex task, which is not suitable for scenarios with dynamically changing requirements. This paper presents a novel approach with shared time windows. In combination with stream reservation techniques that are commonly applied for asynchronous mechanisms, the network is able to accept new streams during operation without complex reconfiguration, while still benefiting from some degree of isolation compared to conventional asynchronous shapers. The evaluation shows that, given the right circumstances, the number of accepted real-time streams can be improved significantly.}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Gray, Nicholas and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {2nd International Workshop on Time-Sensitive and Deterministic Networking (TENSOR)}, keywords = {ngn}, month = {06}, title = {Dynamic Real-Time Stream Reservation with TAS and Shared Time Windows}, year = 2021 }
• Distributed Implementation of Deterministic Networking in Existing Non-TSN Ethernet Switches. Grigorjew, Alexej; Baier, Christian; Metzger, Florian; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In Workshop on Time-sensitive and Deterministic Networking (TsDN). 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Deterministic networking is quickly gaining importance, as several domains previously dominated by bus systems are now switching to Ethernet. While standardization efforts, especially from the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) group, are ongoing, practical deployments are still far off until configuration guidelines and resource management are able to use these tools to their full potential. As an alternative, this work presents a working implementation of bounded latency with an off-the-shelf non-TSN Ethernet switch. The solution is based on a distributed reservation protocol and admission control. It proves that bounded latency is already possible with simple priority-based transmission, and it provides valuable insights for the development and operation of future real-time networking solutions.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-6, abstract = {Deterministic networking is quickly gaining importance, as several domains previously dominated by bus systems are now switching to Ethernet. While standardization efforts, especially from the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) group, are ongoing, practical deployments are still far off until configuration guidelines and resource management are able to use these tools to their full potential. As an alternative, this work presents a working implementation of bounded latency with an off-the-shelf non-TSN Ethernet switch. The solution is based on a distributed reservation protocol and admission control. It proves that bounded latency is already possible with simple priority-based transmission, and it provides valuable insights for the development and operation of future real-time networking solutions.}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Baier, Christian and Metzger, Florian and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {Workshop on Time-sensitive and Deterministic Networking (TsDN)}, keywords = {ats-performance}, month = {06}, title = {Distributed Implementation of Deterministic Networking in Existing Non-TSN Ethernet Switches}, year = 2021 }
• Relationship Status: It’s Complicated. Using APM as a QoE-qualifying Tempo Metric. Metzger, Florian; Stulier, Norman; Borchert, Kathrin; Hirth, Matthias. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX 2021). 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-13, author = {Metzger, Florian and Stulier, Norman and Borchert, Kathrin and Hirth, Matthias}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX 2021)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {06}, title = {Relationship Status: It's Complicated. Using APM as a QoE-qualifying Tempo Metric}, year = 2021 }
• A Predictive Maintenance Methodology: Predicting the Time-to-Failure of Machines in Industry 4.0. Züfle, Marwin; Agne, Joachim; Grohmann, Johannes; Dörtoluk, Ibrahim; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 21st IEEE IES International Conference on Industrial Informatics, of INDIN’21. IEEE, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Predictive maintenance is an essential aspect of the concept of Industry 4.0. In contrast to previous maintenance strategies, which plan repairs based on periodic schedules or threshold values, predictive maintenance is normally based on estimating the time-to-failure of machines. Thus, predictive maintenance enables a more efficient and effective maintenance approach. Although much research has already been done on time-to-failure prediction, most existing works provide only specialized approaches for specific machines. In most cases, these are either rotary machines (i.e., bearings) or lithium-ion batteries. To bridge the gap to a more general time-to-failure prediction, we propose a generic end-to-end predictive maintenance methodology for the time-to-failure prediction of industrial machines. Our methodology exhibits a number of novel aspects including a universally applicable method for feature extraction based on different types of sensor data, well-known feature transformation and selection techniques, adjustable target class assignment based on fault records with three different labeling strategies, and the training of multiple state-of-the-art machine learning classification models including hyperparameter optimization. We evaluated our time-to-failure prediction methodology in a real-world case study consisting of monitoring data gathered over several years from a large industrial press. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for six different time-to-failure pre-diction windows, as well as for the downscaled binary prediction of impending failures. In this case study, the multi-class feed-forward neural network model achieved the overall best results.

  @inproceedings{ZuAgGrDoKo-INDIN2021-PdM, abstract = {Predictive maintenance is an essential aspect of the concept of Industry 4.0. In contrast to previous maintenance strategies, which plan repairs based on periodic schedules or threshold values, predictive maintenance is normally based on estimating the time-to-failure of machines. Thus, predictive maintenance enables a more efficient and effective maintenance approach. Although much research has already been done on time-to-failure prediction, most existing works provide only specialized approaches for specific machines. In most cases, these are either rotary machines (i.e., bearings) or lithium-ion batteries. To bridge the gap to a more general time-to-failure prediction, we propose a generic end-to-end predictive maintenance methodology for the time-to-failure prediction of industrial machines. Our methodology exhibits a number of novel aspects including a universally applicable method for feature extraction based on different types of sensor data, well-known feature transformation and selection techniques, adjustable target class assignment based on fault records with three different labeling strategies, and the training of multiple state-of-the-art machine learning classification models including hyperparameter optimization. We evaluated our time-to-failure prediction methodology in a real-world case study consisting of monitoring data gathered over several years from a large industrial press. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for six different time-to-failure pre-diction windows, as well as for the downscaled binary prediction of impending failures. In this case study, the multi-class feed-forward neural network model achieved the overall best results.}, author = {Züfle, Marwin and Agne, Joachim and Grohmann, Johannes and Dörtoluk, Ibrahim and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st IEEE IES International Conference on Industrial Informatics}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, month = {07}, publisher = {IEEE}, series = {INDIN'21}, title = {A Predictive Maintenance Methodology: Predicting the Time-to-Failure of Machines in Industry 4.0}, year = 2021 }
• Comparison of Transformer-Based Sequential Product Recommendation Models for the Coveo Data Challenge. Fischer, Elisabeth; Zoller, Daniel; Hotho, Andreas. In SIGIR Workshop On eCommerce. 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{fischer2021comparison, author = {Fischer, Elisabeth and Zoller, Daniel and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {SIGIR Workshop On eCommerce}, keywords = 2021, month = {07}, title = {Comparison of Transformer-Based Sequential Product Recommendation Models for the Coveo Data Challenge}, year = 2021 }
• Quality that Matters: QoE Monitoring in Education Service Provider (ESP) Networks. Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Michael; Wieser, Viktoria; Casas, Pedro; Capdehourat, Germán. In IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2021). Bordeaux, France (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Education Service Providers (ESPs) play a crucial role in the digitization of education as they equip students and teachers with reliable devices and provide high quality Internet access at schools. This paper investigates four months worth of continuous measurements conducted by an ESP using a largescale, passive, in-device Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring system deployed into a nationwide network of education-purpose devices. These measurements cover more than 800 education centers and about 4000 devices, used both in schools and at home. Using this rich dataset, we present an exhaustive characterization of the browsing behavior, and a quantification of the web and video QoE in this educational context. Web QoE results showed a better performance for school Wi-Fi networks compared to home connections, suggesting that several issues may arise for ESPs due to the increasing relevance of home-schooling caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-3, abstract = {Education Service Providers (ESPs) play a crucial role in the digitization of education as they equip students and teachers with reliable devices and provide high quality Internet access at schools. This paper investigates four months worth of continuous measurements conducted by an ESP using a largescale, passive, in-device Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring system deployed into a nationwide network of education-purpose devices. These measurements cover more than 800 education centers and about 4000 devices, used both in schools and at home. Using this rich dataset, we present an exhaustive characterization of the browsing behavior, and a quantification of the web and video QoE in this educational context. Web QoE results showed a better performance for school Wi-Fi networks compared to home connections, suggesting that several issues may arise for ESPs due to the increasing relevance of home-schooling caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.}, address = {Bordeaux, France (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Michael and Wieser, Viktoria and Casas, Pedro and Capdehourat, Germán}, booktitle = {IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2021)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {05}, title = {Quality that Matters: QoE Monitoring in Education Service Provider (ESP) Networks}, year = 2021 }
• Subjective And Objective Assessment Of Video Game Context Factors. Metzger, Florian; Schröder, Svenja; Ratetseder, Albert. 2021, August.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @misc{info3-misc-2021-1, author = {Metzger, Florian and Schröder, Svenja and Ratetseder, Albert}, howpublished = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-242471}, keywords = {myown}, month = {08}, title = {Subjective And Objective Assessment Of Video Game Context Factors}, year = 2021 }
• ML-Assisted Latency Assignments in Time-Sensitive Networking. Grigorjew, Alexej; Seufert, Michael; Wehner, Nikolas; Hofmann, Jan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2021). Bordeaux, France (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Recent developments in industrial automation and invehicle communication have raised the requirements of real-time networking. Bus systems that were traditionally deployed in these fields cannot provide sufficient bandwidth and are now shifting towards Ethernet for their real-time communication needs. In this field, standardization efforts from the IEEE and the IETF have developed new data plane mechanisms such as shapers and schedulers, as well as control plane mechanisms such as reservation protocols to support their new requirements. However, their implementation and their optimal configuration remain an important factor for their efficiency. This work presents a machine learning framework that takes on the configuration task. Four different models are trained for the configuration of per-hop latency guarantees in a distributed resource reservation process and compared with respect to their real-time traffic capacity. The evaluation shows that all models provide good configurations for the provided scenarios, but more importantly, they represent a first step for a semi-automated configuration of parameters in Time-Sensitive Networking.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-2, abstract = {Recent developments in industrial automation and invehicle communication have raised the requirements of real-time networking. Bus systems that were traditionally deployed in these fields cannot provide sufficient bandwidth and are now shifting towards Ethernet for their real-time communication needs. In this field, standardization efforts from the IEEE and the IETF have developed new data plane mechanisms such as shapers and schedulers, as well as control plane mechanisms such as reservation protocols to support their new requirements. However, their implementation and their optimal configuration remain an important factor for their efficiency. This work presents a machine learning framework that takes on the configuration task. Four different models are trained for the configuration of per-hop latency guarantees in a distributed resource reservation process and compared with respect to their real-time traffic capacity. The evaluation shows that all models provide good configurations for the provided scenarios, but more importantly, they represent a first step for a semi-automated configuration of parameters in Time-Sensitive Networking.}, address = {Bordeaux, France (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Grigorjew, Alexej and Seufert, Michael and Wehner, Nikolas and Hofmann, Jan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2021)}, keywords = {kikdin}, month = {05}, title = {ML-Assisted Latency Assignments in Time-Sensitive Networking}, year = 2021 }
• Energy-Aware Service Function Chain Embedding in Edge-Cloud Environments for IoT Applications. Nguyen Huu, Thanh; TrungKien, Nguyen; Van Hoa, Ngo; Thu Huong, Truong; Wamser, Florian; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IEEE Internet of Things Journal. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The implementation of IoT applications faces several challenges in practice, such as compliance with QoS requirements, resource constraints and energy consumption. In this context, the joint paradigm for IoT applications can resolve some of the issues arising in pure cloud computing scenarios, such as those related to latency, energy or privacy. Therefore, an environment could be promising for resource and energy-efficient IoT applications that implement VNF bound together into SFC. However, a resource and energy efficient SFC placement requires smart SFC embedding mechanisms in the environment, as several challenges arise, such as IoT service chain modeling and evaluation, the trade-off between resource allocation, energy efficiency and performance, and the resource dynamics. In this article, we address issues in modeling resource and energy utilization for IoT applications in environments. A smart traffic monitoring IP camera system is deployed as a use case for a realistic modeling of a service chain. The system is implemented in our testbed, which is designed and developed specifically to model and investigate the resource and energy utilization of SFC embedding strategies. A resource and energy-aware SFC strategy in the environment for IoT applications is then proposed. Our algorithm is able to cope with dynamic load and resource situations emerging from dynamic SFC requests. The strategy is evaluated systematically in terms of acceptance ratio of SFC requests, resource efficiency and utilization, power consumption, and VNF migrations depending on the offered system load. Results show that our strategy outperforms some existing approaches in terms of resource and energy efficiency, thus it overcomes the relevant challenges from practice and meets the demands of IoT applications.

  @article{info3-article-2021-2, abstract = {The implementation of IoT applications faces several challenges in practice, such as compliance with QoS requirements, resource constraints and energy consumption. In this context, the joint paradigm for IoT applications can resolve some of the issues arising in pure cloud computing scenarios, such as those related to latency, energy or privacy. Therefore, an environment could be promising for resource and energy-efficient IoT applications that implement VNF bound together into SFC. However, a resource and energy efficient SFC placement requires smart SFC embedding mechanisms in the environment, as several challenges arise, such as IoT service chain modeling and evaluation, the trade-off between resource allocation, energy efficiency and performance, and the resource dynamics. In this article, we address issues in modeling resource and energy utilization for IoT applications in environments. A smart traffic monitoring IP camera system is deployed as a use case for a realistic modeling of a service chain. The system is implemented in our testbed, which is designed and developed specifically to model and investigate the resource and energy utilization of SFC embedding strategies. A resource and energy-aware SFC strategy in the environment for IoT applications is then proposed. Our algorithm is able to cope with dynamic load and resource situations emerging from dynamic SFC requests. The strategy is evaluated systematically in terms of acceptance ratio of SFC requests, resource efficiency and utilization, power consumption, and VNF migrations depending on the offered system load. Results show that our strategy outperforms some existing approaches in terms of resource and energy efficiency, thus it overcomes the relevant challenges from practice and meets the demands of IoT applications.}, author = {Nguyen Huu, Thanh and TrungKien, Nguyen and Van Hoa, Ngo and Thu Huong, Truong and Wamser, Florian and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {IEEE Internet of Things Journal}, keywords = {ecodane}, month = {03}, title = {Energy-Aware Service Function Chain Embedding in Edge-Cloud Environments for IoT Applications}, year = 2021 }
• Signaling Traffic in Internet-of-Things Mobile Networks. Geissler, Stefan; Wamser, Florian; Bauer, Wolfang; Krolikowski, Michael; Gebert, Steffen; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2021). Bordeaux, France (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to play an increasingly important role in next-generation mobile networks. Detailed knowledge of this type of traffic and the associated signaling in those networks is of interest to operators and standardization in order to run these networks successfully. The aim of this study is to characterize IoT signaling traffic for mobile communication networks (i) from a network operator’s point of view, (ii) at device level, and (iii) for the establishment of data connections. General statistics on signaling and device behavior, such as the observed IoT traffic volume and message composition, are given before device classes with statistically different signaling behavior are identified. Finally, by characterizing the aggre- gated signaling traffic, we show that the Markov assumption, widespread in standardization and literature, regarding the aggregated arrival process for data connections does not apply in reality.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-1, abstract = {The Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to play an increasingly important role in next-generation mobile networks. Detailed knowledge of this type of traffic and the associated signaling in those networks is of interest to operators and standardization in order to run these networks successfully. The aim of this study is to characterize IoT signaling traffic for mobile communication networks (i) from a network operator’s point of view, (ii) at device level, and (iii) for the establishment of data connections. General statistics on signaling and device behavior, such as the observed IoT traffic volume and message composition, are given before device classes with statistically different signaling behavior are identified. Finally, by characterizing the aggre- gated signaling traffic, we show that the Markov assumption, widespread in standardization and literature, regarding the aggregated arrival process for data connections does not apply in reality.}, address = {Bordeaux, France (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Geissler, Stefan and Wamser, Florian and Bauer, Wolfang and Krolikowski, Michael and Gebert, Steffen and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM 2021)}, keywords = {can}, month = {05}, title = {Signaling Traffic in Internet-of-Things Mobile Networks}, year = 2021 }
• {SPEC} - Spotlight on the International Standards Group ({ISG}). Schmitt, Norbert; Lange, Klaus-Dieter; Sharma, Sanjay; Cragin, Aaron; Reiner, David; Kounev, Samuel. In Companion of the {ACM}/{SPEC} International Conference on Performance Engineering. {ACM}, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{Schmitt_2021, author = {Schmitt, Norbert and Lange, Klaus-Dieter and Sharma, Sanjay and Cragin, Aaron and Reiner, David and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Companion of the {ACM}/{SPEC} International Conference on Performance Engineering}, keywords = {t_poster}, month = {04}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {{SPEC} - Spotlight on the International Standards Group ({ISG})}, year = 2021 }
• SCOUT3D -- ein Unterwasser-Laserscanner für mobile Kartierung. Bleier, M.; van der Lucht, J.; N{ü}chter, A. In Allgemeine Vermessungs-Nachrichten (AVN), 128(4), pp. 171–180. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Dieser Beitrag stellt einen neu entwickelten Unterwasser-Laserscanner kombiniert mit einem auf GNSS basierenden System zur Bestimmung der Trajektorie vor. Dies ermöglicht es, von einem Boot aus den Grund oder Objekte in flachen Gewässern zu kartieren. Das System verfügt über eine Über- und eine Unterwasserkomponente. Über Wasser werden zwei kostengünstige Multiband-GNSS-Empfänger mit einer Antennenbasislinie von einem Meter für die RTK-Positionierung mit Kurswinkel verwendet. Die kompletten sechs Freiheitsgrade der Positionierung werden durch die Fusionierung der Satellitennavigationsdaten und einer MEMS-basierten INS bestimmt. Die 3D-Daten im Wasser werden mit einem Structured-Light-Scanner erfasst, der aus einer lichtempfindlichen Unterwasserkamera und einem grünen Kreuzlinienlaserprojektor besteht. Es werden die Entwicklung des Systems und die verwendeten Hardwarekomponenten beschrieben und erste Ergebnisse präsentiert. Hierzu wurden Testobjekte in einem Wassertank sowohl von einem Stativ aus als auch von einer bewegten, schwimmenden Plattform aus gescannt. Eine Auswertung der entstanden Punktwolken findet durch einen Vergleich mit in der Szene platzierten Prüfkörpern und in Luft erzeugten Referenzscans der Testobjekte statt. Die Experimente evaluieren Auflösungsvermögen sowie Genauigkeit der Scans.

  @article{AVN2021, abstract = {Dieser Beitrag stellt einen neu entwickelten Unterwasser-Laserscanner kombiniert mit einem auf GNSS basierenden System zur Bestimmung der Trajektorie vor. Dies ermöglicht es, von einem Boot aus den Grund oder Objekte in flachen Gewässern zu kartieren. Das System verfügt über eine Über- und eine Unterwasserkomponente. Über Wasser werden zwei kostengünstige Multiband-GNSS-Empfänger mit einer Antennenbasislinie von einem Meter für die RTK-Positionierung mit Kurswinkel verwendet. Die kompletten sechs Freiheitsgrade der Positionierung werden durch die Fusionierung der Satellitennavigationsdaten und einer MEMS-basierten INS bestimmt. Die 3D-Daten im Wasser werden mit einem Structured-Light-Scanner erfasst, der aus einer lichtempfindlichen Unterwasserkamera und einem grünen Kreuzlinienlaserprojektor besteht. Es werden die Entwicklung des Systems und die verwendeten Hardwarekomponenten beschrieben und erste Ergebnisse präsentiert. Hierzu wurden Testobjekte in einem Wassertank sowohl von einem Stativ aus als auch von einer bewegten, schwimmenden Plattform aus gescannt. Eine Auswertung der entstanden Punktwolken findet durch einen Vergleich mit in der Szene platzierten Prüfkörpern und in Luft erzeugten Referenzscans der Testobjekte statt. Die Experimente evaluieren Auflösungsvermögen sowie Genauigkeit der Scans.}, author = {Bleier, M. and van der Lucht, J. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, journal = {Allgemeine Vermessungs-Nachrichten (AVN)}, keywords = {author}, month = {08}, number = 4, pages = {171–180}, title = {SCOUT3D – ein Unterwasser-Laserscanner für mobile Kartierung}, volume = 128, year = 2021 }
• Effects of Immersion and Visual Angle on Brand Placement Effectiveness. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Straka, Samantha; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 28th IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VR ’21), pp. 440–441. IEEE, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Typical inherent properties of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) such as felt presence might have an impact on how well brand placements are remembered. In this study, we exposed participants to brand placements in four conditions of varying degrees of immersion and visual angle on the stimulus. Placements appeared either as poster or as puzzle. We measured the recall and recognition of these placements. Our study revealed that neither immersion nor the visual angle had a significant impact on memory for brand placements.

  @inproceedings{oberdorfer2021effects, abstract = {Typical inherent properties of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) such as felt presence might have an impact on how well brand placements are remembered. In this study, we exposed participants to brand placements in four conditions of varying degrees of immersion and visual angle on the stimulus. Placements appeared either as poster or as puzzle. We measured the recall and recognition of these placements. Our study revealed that neither immersion nor the visual angle had a significant impact on memory for brand placements.}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Straka, Samantha and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VR '21)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {03}, organization = {IEEE}, pages = {440-441}, title = {Effects of Immersion and Visual Angle on Brand Placement Effectiveness}, year = 2021 }
• Evaluating the multi-task learning approach for land use regression modelling of air pollution. Dulny, Andrzej; Steininger, Michael; Lautenschlager, Florian; Krause, Anna; Hotho, Andreas. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1834(1), p. 012004. {IOP} Publishing, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Air pollution has been linked to several health problems including heart disease, stroke and lung cancer. Modelling and analyzing this dependency requires reliable and accurate air pollutant measurements collected by stationary air monitoring stations. However, usually only a low number of such stations are present within a single city. To retrieve pollution concentrations for unmeasured locations, researchers rely on land use regression (LUR) models. Those models are typically developed for one pollutant only. However, as results in different areas have shown, modelling several related output variables through multi-task learning can improve the prediction results of the models significantly. In this work, we compared prediction results from single-task and multi-task learning multilayer perceptron models on measurements taken from the OpenSense dataset and the London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory dataset. LUR features were generated from OpenStreetMap using OpenLUR and used to train hard parameter sharing multilayer perceptron models. The results show multi-task learning with sufficient data significantly improves the performance of a LUR model.

  @article{dulny2021evaluating, abstract = {Air pollution has been linked to several health problems including heart disease, stroke and lung cancer. Modelling and analyzing this dependency requires reliable and accurate air pollutant measurements collected by stationary air monitoring stations. However, usually only a low number of such stations are present within a single city. To retrieve pollution concentrations for unmeasured locations, researchers rely on land use regression (LUR) models. Those models are typically developed for one pollutant only. However, as results in different areas have shown, modelling several related output variables through multi-task learning can improve the prediction results of the models significantly. In this work, we compared prediction results from single-task and multi-task learning multilayer perceptron models on measurements taken from the OpenSense dataset and the London Atmospheric Emissions Inventory dataset. LUR features were generated from OpenStreetMap using OpenLUR and used to train hard parameter sharing multilayer perceptron models. The results show multi-task learning with sufficient data significantly improves the performance of a LUR model.}, author = {Dulny, Andrzej and Steininger, Michael and Lautenschlager, Florian and Krause, Anna and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Journal of Physics: Conference Series}, keywords = {from:msteininger}, month = {03}, number = 1, organization = {IOP Publishing}, pages = {012004}, publisher = {{IOP} Publishing}, title = {Evaluating the multi-task learning approach for land use regression modelling of air pollution}, volume = 1834, year = 2021 }
• Utility-based Vehicle Routing Integrating User Preferences. Lesch, Veronika; Hadry, Marius; Kounev, Samuel; Krupitzer, Christian. In Proceedings of 3rd International Workshop on Pervasive Computing for Vehicular Systems (PerVehicle), 2021. IEEE, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{lesch2021utility, author = {Lesch, Veronika and Hadry, Marius and Kounev, Samuel and Krupitzer, Christian}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 3rd International Workshop on Pervasive Computing for Vehicular Systems (PerVehicle), 2021}, keywords = {t_workshop}, month = {03}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Utility-based Vehicle Routing Integrating User Preferences}, year = 2021 }
• {{L.U.N.A.} - A Laser-Mapping Unidirectional Navigation Actuator}. Zevering, J.; Bredenbeck, A.; Arzberger, F.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium of Experimental Robotics (ISER ’20), of Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics, pp. 85–94. Valetta, Malta, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper proposes an autonomous approach to 3D mapping using the concept of impulse by conservation of angular momentum (IBCOAM) as a unidirectional drive to roll a 2D laser scanner in an IMU equipped, pose-tracked spherical robot system. An experimental prototype of the robot is introduced, giving details about the hardware. The laser scanning results as well as the IBCOAM drive data that have been gathered using the prototype are analyzed, revealing technical challenges.

  @inproceedings{ISER2021, abstract = {This paper proposes an autonomous approach to 3D mapping using the concept of impulse by conservation of angular momentum (IBCOAM) as a unidirectional drive to roll a 2D laser scanner in an IMU equipped, pose-tracked spherical robot system. An experimental prototype of the robot is introduced, giving details about the hardware. The laser scanning results as well as the IBCOAM drive data that have been gathered using the prototype are analyzed, revealing technical challenges.}, address = {Valetta, Malta}, author = {Zevering, J. and Bredenbeck, A. and Arzberger, F. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium of Experimental Robotics (ISER '20)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {03}, pages = {85–94}, series = {Springer Proceedings in Advanced Robotics}, title = {{{L.U.N.A.} - A Laser-Mapping Unidirectional Navigation Actuator}}, year = 2021 }
• Improving Web QoE Monitoring for Encrypted Network Traffic through Time Series Modeling. Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Michael; Schüler, Joshua; Wassermann, Sarah; Casas, Pedro; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review, 48(4), pp. 37–40. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  This paper addresses the problem of Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring for web browsing. In particular, the inference of common Web QoE metrics such as Speed Index (SI) is investigated. Based on a large dataset collected with open web-measurement platforms on different device-types, a unique feature set is designed and used to estimate the RUMSI -- an efficient approximation to SI, with machine-learning based regression and classification approaches. Results indicate that it is possible to estimate the RUMSI accurately, and that in particular, recurrent neural networks are highly suitable for the task, as they capture the network dynamics more precisely.

  @article{info3-article-2020-4, abstract = {This paper addresses the problem of Quality of Experience (QoE) monitoring for web browsing. In particular, the inference of common Web QoE metrics such as Speed Index (SI) is investigated. Based on a large dataset collected with open web-measurement platforms on different device-types, a unique feature set is designed and used to estimate the RUMSI – an efficient approximation to SI, with machine-learning based regression and classification approaches. Results indicate that it is possible to estimate the RUMSI accurately, and that in particular, recurrent neural networks are highly suitable for the task, as they capture the network dynamics more precisely.}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Michael and Schüler, Joshua and Wassermann, Sarah and Casas, Pedro and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {03}, number = 4, pages = {37-40}, title = {Improving Web QoE Monitoring for Encrypted Network Traffic through Time Series Modeling}, volume = 48, year = 2021 }
• SuanMing: Explainable Prediction of Performance Degradations in Microservice Applications. Grohmann, Johannes; Straesser, Martin; Chalbani, Avi; Eismann, Simon; Arian, Yair; Herbst, Nikolas; Peretz, Noam; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Application performance management (APM) tools are useful to observe the performance properties of an application during production. However, APM is normally purely reactive, that is, it can only report about current or past performance degradation. Although some approaches capable of predictive application monitoring have been proposed, they can only report a predicted degradation but cannot explain its root-cause, making it hard to prevent the expected degradation. In this paper, we present SuanMing---a framework for predicting performance degradation of microservice applications running in cloud environments. SuanMing is able to predict future root causes for anticipated performance degradations and therefore aims at preventing performance degradations before they actually occur. We evaluate SuanMing on two realistic microservice applications, TeaStore and TrainTicket, and we show that our approach is able to predict and pinpoint performance degradations with an accuracy of over 90\%.

  @inproceedings{GrStChEiArHePeKo2021-ICPE, abstract = {Application performance management (APM) tools are useful to observe the performance properties of an application during production. However, APM is normally purely reactive, that is, it can only report about current or past performance degradation. Although some approaches capable of predictive application monitoring have been proposed, they can only report a predicted degradation but cannot explain its root-cause, making it hard to prevent the expected degradation. In this paper, we present SuanMing—a framework for predicting performance degradation of microservice applications running in cloud environments. SuanMing is able to predict future root causes for anticipated performance degradations and therefore aims at preventing performance degradations before they actually occur. We evaluate SuanMing on two realistic microservice applications, TeaStore and TrainTicket, and we show that our approach is able to predict and pinpoint performance degradations with an accuracy of over 90\%.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Grohmann, Johannes and Straesser, Martin and Chalbani, Avi and Eismann, Simon and Arian, Yair and Herbst, Nikolas and Peretz, Noam and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE)}, keywords = {performance}, month = {04}, note = {Acceptance Rate: 29%}, organization = {ACM}, title = {SuanMing: Explainable Prediction of Performance Degradations in Microservice Applications}, year = 2021 }
• Assessing Media Bias in Cross-Linguistic and Cross-National Populations. Sales, Allan; Zehe, Albin; Marinho, Leandro Balby; Veloso, Adriano; Hotho, Andreas; Omeliyanenko, Janna. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, 15(1), pp. 561–572. 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @article{sales2021assessing, author = {Sales, Allan and Zehe, Albin and Marinho, Leandro Balby and Veloso, Adriano and Hotho, Andreas and Omeliyanenko, Janna}, journal = {Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media}, keywords = {media}, month = {05}, number = 1, pages = {561-572}, title = {Assessing Media Bias in Cross-Linguistic and Cross-National Populations}, volume = 15, year = 2021 }
• {SPEC Research Group Newsletter, vol. 3 no. 2}. Kounev, Samuel; van Hoorn, Andre; Bauer, Andr{é}. 2021, April.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @misc{SPEC-RG-NEWSLETTER-10, author = {Kounev, Samuel and van Hoorn, Andre and Bauer, Andr{\'e}}, keywords = {SPEC}, month = {04}, note = {Published by Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC)}, title = {{SPEC Research Group Newsletter, vol. 3 no. 2}}, year = 2021 }
• Libra: A Benchmark for Time Series Forecasting Methods. Bauer, Andr{é}; Z{ü}fle, Marwin; Eismann, Simon; Grohmann, Johannes; Herbst, Nikolas; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2021.
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  In many areas of decision making, forecasting is an essential pillar. Consequently, there are many different forecasting methods. According to the "No-Free-Lunch Theorem", there is no single forecasting method that performs best for all time series. In other words, each method has its advantages and disadvantages depending on the specific use case. Therefore, the choice of the forecasting method remains a mandatory expert task. However, expert knowledge cannot be fully automated. To establish a level playing field for evaluating the performance of time series forecasting methods in a broad setting, we propose Libra, a forecasting benchmark that automatically evaluates and ranks forecasting methods based on their performance in a diverse set of evaluation scenarios. The benchmark comprises four different use cases, each covering 100 heterogeneous time series taken from different domains. The data set was assembled from publicly available time series and was designed to exhibit much higher diversity than existing forecasting competitions. Based on this benchmark, we perform a comprehensive evaluation to compare different existing time series forecasting methods.

  @inproceedings{bauer2021benchmark, abstract = {In many areas of decision making, forecasting is an essential pillar. Consequently, there are many different forecasting methods. According to the "No-Free-Lunch Theorem", there is no single forecasting method that performs best for all time series. In other words, each method has its advantages and disadvantages depending on the specific use case. Therefore, the choice of the forecasting method remains a mandatory expert task. However, expert knowledge cannot be fully automated. To establish a level playing field for evaluating the performance of time series forecasting methods in a broad setting, we propose Libra, a forecasting benchmark that automatically evaluates and ranks forecasting methods based on their performance in a diverse set of evaluation scenarios. The benchmark comprises four different use cases, each covering 100 heterogeneous time series taken from different domains. The data set was assembled from publicly available time series and was designed to exhibit much higher diversity than existing forecasting competitions. Based on this benchmark, we perform a comprehensive evaluation to compare different existing time series forecasting methods.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Bauer, Andr{\'e} and Z{\"u}fle, Marwin and Eismann, Simon and Grohmann, Johannes and Herbst, Nikolas and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE)}, keywords = {benchmark}, month = {04}, organization = {ACM}, title = {Libra: A Benchmark for Time Series Forecasting Methods}, year = 2021 }
• Towards a Group Encryption Scheme Benchmark: A View on Centralized Schemes with focus on IoT. Prantl, Thomas; Ten, Peter; Iffländer, Lukas; Herrnleben, Stefan; Dmitrenko, Alexandra; Kounev, Samuel; Krupitzer, Christian. In 2021 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE), of ICPE’21. 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{PrTeIfHeDmKo2021-ICPE-GroupEncryptionCentralizedBenchmark, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Ten, Peter and Iffländer, Lukas and Herrnleben, Stefan and Dmitrenko, Alexandra and Kounev, Samuel and Krupitzer, Christian}, booktitle = {2021 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE)}, keywords = {Group\_Encyrption\_Scheme}, month = {04}, series = {ICPE'21}, title = {Towards a Group Encryption Scheme Benchmark: A View on Centralized Schemes with focus on IoT}, year = 2021 }
• Cumulative Quality Modeling for HTTP Adaptive Streaming. Tran, Huyen TT; Pham Ngoc, Nam; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Seufert, Michael; Thang, Truong Cong. In ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications, 17(1), pp. 22 (1–24). 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2021-1, author = {Tran, Huyen TT and Pham Ngoc, Nam and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Seufert, Michael and Thang, Truong Cong}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {04}, number = 1, pages = {22 (1-24)}, title = {Cumulative Quality Modeling for HTTP Adaptive Streaming}, volume = 17, year = 2021 }
• Performance Impact Analysis of Securing MQTT Using TLS. Prantl, Thomas; Iffländer, Lukas; Herrnleben, Stefan; Engel, Simon; Kounev, Samuel; Krupitzer, Christian. In 2021 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE), of ICPE’21. 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{PrTeIfHeDmKo2021-ICPE-MQTT_TLS, author = {Prantl, Thomas and Iffländer, Lukas and Herrnleben, Stefan and Engel, Simon and Kounev, Samuel and Krupitzer, Christian}, booktitle = {2021 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE)}, keywords = {IoT}, month = {04}, series = {ICPE'21}, title = {Performance Impact Analysis of Securing MQTT Using TLS}, year = 2021 }
• A New Course on Systems Benchmarking-For Scientists and Engineers. Kounev, Samuel. Invited talk at 3rd Workshop on Education and Practice of Performance Engineering (ICPE ’21), Virtual Event, France, 2021, April 19.
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  @misc{kounev2021new, address = {Virtual Event, France}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {04}, note = {https://dl.acm.org}, publisher = {Invited talk at 3rd Workshop on Education and Practice of Performance Engineering (ICPE '21)}, title = {A New Course on Systems Benchmarking-For Scientists and Engineers}, year = 2021 }
• The Science of Systems Benchmarking. Kounev, Samuel. Keynote Talk at CLOSER 2021, Virtual Event, 2021, April 28.
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  @misc{kounev2021science, address = {Virtual Event}, author = {Kounev, Samuel}, keywords = {descartes}, month = {04}, note = {https://closer.scitevents.org/}, publisher = {Keynote Talk at CLOSER 2021}, title = {The Science of Systems Benchmarking}, year = 2021 }
• The Prospects of Cloud Gaming: Do the Benefits Outweigh the Costs?. Metzger, Florian; Rafetseder, Albert; Schröder, Svenja; Zwickl, Patrick. 2021, August.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @misc{info3-misc-2021-2, author = {Metzger, Florian and Rafetseder, Albert and Schröder, Svenja and Zwickl, Patrick}, howpublished = {https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-242452}, keywords = {myown}, month = {08}, title = {The Prospects of Cloud Gaming: Do the Benefits Outweigh the Costs?}, year = 2021 }
• Measuring the Performance Impact of Branching Instructions. Beierlieb, Lukas; Iffländer, Lukas; Milenkoski, Aleksandar; Prantl, Thomas; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Software Performance 2021 (SSP’21). 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
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  @inproceedings{Beierlieb_2021_MeasuringthePerformanceImpactofBranchingInstructions., author = {Beierlieb, Lukas and Iffländer, Lukas and Milenkoski, Aleksandar and Prantl, Thomas and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Software Performance 2021 (SSP'21)}, keywords = {t_workshop}, month = 11, title = {Measuring the Performance Impact of Branching Instructions}, year = 2021 }
• Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Crowdsensing and Fixed Sensor Systems for Event Detection in Urban Environments. Hirth, Matthias; Seufert, Michael; Lange, Stanislav; Meixner, Markus; Tran-Gia, Phuoc. In Sensors, 21(17), pp. 5880 (1–19). 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  Crowdsensing offers a cost-effective way to collect large amounts of environmental sensor data. However, the spatial distribution of crowdsensing sensors can hardly be influenced, as the participants carry the sensors, and, additionally, the quality of the crowdsensed data can vary significantly. Hybrid systems that use mobile users in conjunction with fixed sensors might help to overcome these limitations, as such system allow assessing the quality of the submitted crowdsensed data and provide sensor values where no crowdsensing data is available. In this work, we use a simulation study to first analyze a simple crowdsensing system concerning the detection performance of spatial events to highlight the potential and limitations of a pure crowdsourcing system. The results indicate that even if only a small share of inhabitants participates in crowdsensing, events that have locations correlated with the population density can be easily and quickly detected using such a system. On the contrary, events with uniformly randomly distributed locations are much harder to detect using a simple crowdsensing-based approach. A second evaluation shows that hybrid systems improve the detection probability and time. Finally, we illustrate how to compute the minimum number of fixed sensors for given detection time thresholds in our exemplary scenario.

  @article{info3-article-2021-4, abstract = {Crowdsensing offers a cost-effective way to collect large amounts of environmental sensor data. However, the spatial distribution of crowdsensing sensors can hardly be influenced, as the participants carry the sensors, and, additionally, the quality of the crowdsensed data can vary significantly. Hybrid systems that use mobile users in conjunction with fixed sensors might help to overcome these limitations, as such system allow assessing the quality of the submitted crowdsensed data and provide sensor values where no crowdsensing data is available. In this work, we use a simulation study to first analyze a simple crowdsensing system concerning the detection performance of spatial events to highlight the potential and limitations of a pure crowdsourcing system. The results indicate that even if only a small share of inhabitants participates in crowdsensing, events that have locations correlated with the population density can be easily and quickly detected using such a system. On the contrary, events with uniformly randomly distributed locations are much harder to detect using a simple crowdsensing-based approach. A second evaluation shows that hybrid systems improve the detection probability and time. Finally, we illustrate how to compute the minimum number of fixed sensors for given detection time thresholds in our exemplary scenario.}, author = {Hirth, Matthias and Seufert, Michael and Lange, Stanislav and Meixner, Markus and Tran-Gia, Phuoc}, journal = {Sensors}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {08}, number = 17, pages = {5880 (1-19)}, title = {Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Crowdsensing and Fixed Sensor Systems for Event Detection in Urban Environments}, volume = 21, year = 2021 }
• Machine Learning-based Service Function Chain over UAVs: Resource Profiling and Framework. TrungKien, Nguyen; Hoang Anh, Vu; Dinh Phong, Vu; Ngoc Minh, Nguyen; Huu Thanh, Nguyen. In 2021 31st International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC). Sydney, Australia, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-21, address = {Sydney, Australia}, author = {TrungKien, Nguyen and Hoang Anh, Vu and Dinh Phong, Vu and Ngoc Minh, Nguyen and Huu Thanh, Nguyen}, booktitle = {2021 31st International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 11, title = {Machine Learning-based Service Function Chain over UAVs: Resource Profiling and Framework}, year = 2021 }
• Robust Gateway Placement for Scalable LoRaWAN. Loh, Frank; Bau, Dominique; Zink, Johannes; Wolff, Alexander; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 13th IFIP Wireless and Mobile Networking Conference (WMNC). 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Many exciting applications are currently emerging due to the use of technology from the Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Cities. In recent years, Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWANs) have become one of the main technologies in this field due to long distance coverage, low power consumption sensors, and economic reasons. So far, LoRaWANs have been planned and deployed mainly with the aim of minimizing the number of gateways, while still providing coverage in a geographic area. Packet collisions and future traffic have not been considered. In contrast, we present a gateway placement strategy that is robust against an increase in the number of sensors and in the network load. To this end, we modify an existing local search algorithm for a geometric set cover problem such that it takes the capacities of gateways into account. If we set these capacities below the maximum, the network can accommodate additional sensors in the future. Moreover, our algorithm can extend the initial placement once the capacities are exhausted.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-20, abstract = {Many exciting applications are currently emerging due to the use of technology from the Internet of Things (IoT) in Smart Cities. In recent years, Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWANs) have become one of the main technologies in this field due to long distance coverage, low power consumption sensors, and economic reasons. So far, LoRaWANs have been planned and deployed mainly with the aim of minimizing the number of gateways, while still providing coverage in a geographic area. Packet collisions and future traffic have not been considered. In contrast, we present a gateway placement strategy that is robust against an increase in the number of sensors and in the network load. To this end, we modify an existing local search algorithm for a geometric set cover problem such that it takes the capacities of gateways into account. If we set these capacities below the maximum, the network can accommodate additional sensors in the future. Moreover, our algorithm can extend the initial placement once the capacities are exhausted.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Bau, Dominique and Zink, Johannes and Wolff, Alexander and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {13th IFIP Wireless and Mobile Networking Conference (WMNC)}, keywords = {5mart}, month = 10, title = {Robust Gateway Placement for Scalable LoRaWAN}, year = 2021 }
• {Towards Splitting Monolithic Workflows into Serverless Functions and Estimating Their Run-Time in the Earth Observation Domain}. Kaiser, Dennis; Dovhan, Bohdan; Bauer, Andr{é}; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Software Performance (SSP). 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{kaiser2021split, author = {Kaiser, Dennis and Dovhan, Bohdan and Bauer, Andr{\'e} and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Software Performance (SSP)}, keywords = {severless}, month = 11, note = {Extended Abstract}, title = {{Towards Splitting Monolithic Workflows into Serverless Functions and Estimating Their Run-Time in the Earth Observation Domain}}, year = 2021 }
• Fostering Teacher Educator Technology Competencies (TETCs) in and with Virtual Reality. Results from an Exploratory Study. Schröter, Thomas; Tiede, Jennifer; Grafe, Silke; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of Innovate Learning Summit 2021, T. Bastiaens (ed.), pp. 160–170. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE), Online, United States, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  This exploratory study presents the findings and implications of a three-hour further development workshop implemented with a convenience sample of six teacher educators from a German university. The workshop aimed at fostering the Teacher Educator Technology Competencies (TETCs)—with a special focus on virtual reality (VR)—while reverting to the didactic principle of action orientation. To test whether this didactic principle is suitable for fostering the media pedagogical competencies of the target group in and with VR and to identify further design principles, a mixed-methods approach was utilized. The data collection consisted of focus group interviews, which were analyzed via qualitative content analysis, and Teacher Educator Technology Surveys (TETS). The analysis revealed that action orientation is a valuable addition to established didactical models in higher education (HE). Also...

  @inproceedings{SchrTiedGraf2021yx, abstract = {This exploratory study presents the findings and implications of a three-hour further development workshop implemented with a convenience sample of six teacher educators from a German university. The workshop aimed at fostering the Teacher Educator Technology Competencies (TETCs)—with a special focus on virtual reality (VR)—while reverting to the didactic principle of action orientation. To test whether this didactic principle is suitable for fostering the media pedagogical competencies of the target group in and with VR and to identify further design principles, a mixed-methods approach was utilized. The data collection consisted of focus group interviews, which were analyzed via qualitative content analysis, and Teacher Educator Technology Surveys (TETS). The analysis revealed that action orientation is a valuable addition to established didactical models in higher education (HE). Also...}, address = {Online, United States}, author = {Schröter, Thomas and Tiede, Jennifer and Grafe, Silke and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Innovate Learning Summit 2021}, editor = {Bastiaens, Theo}, keywords = {Schröter}, month = 11, pages = {160–170}, publisher = {Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE)}, title = {Fostering Teacher Educator Technology Competencies (TETCs) in and with Virtual Reality. Results from an Exploratory Study.}, year = 2021 }
• Energy-Efficiency Comparison of Common Sorting Algorithms. Schmitt, Norbert; Kamthania, Supriya; Rawtani, Nishant; Mendoza, Luis; Lange, Klaus-Dieter; Kounev, Samuel. In 29th International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS), pp. 1–8. IEEE, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  With the rising demand for information technology comes an increase in energy consumption to power it. Namely, cloud computing is constantly growing, in part due to a rising number of devices using the cloud to provide certain functionality. This growth leads to an increase in energy consumption in data centers and is estimated to climb to over 1PWh in 2030. Hardware manufacturers counter the rising demand for energy in cloud data centers by providing techniques to make servers more energy-efficient. However, the advances cannot fully compensate for the growth. To further increase energy efficiency, software needs to be addressed as well but is often neglected by the developers.In this paper, we compare six sorting algorithms, a common task in most programs, against each other in terms of energy efficiency to allow developers to select the best solution to their problem. We selected well-known algorithms in two variants, and two implementation languages, C and Python. We ran each algorithm on two, out of four, state-of-the-art server systems with different CPUs.

  @inproceedings{9614299, abstract = {With the rising demand for information technology comes an increase in energy consumption to power it. Namely, cloud computing is constantly growing, in part due to a rising number of devices using the cloud to provide certain functionality. This growth leads to an increase in energy consumption in data centers and is estimated to climb to over 1PWh in 2030. Hardware manufacturers counter the rising demand for energy in cloud data centers by providing techniques to make servers more energy-efficient. However, the advances cannot fully compensate for the growth. To further increase energy efficiency, software needs to be addressed as well but is often neglected by the developers.In this paper, we compare six sorting algorithms, a common task in most programs, against each other in terms of energy efficiency to allow developers to select the best solution to their problem. We selected well-known algorithms in two variants, and two implementation languages, C and Python. We ran each algorithm on two, out of four, state-of-the-art server systems with different CPUs.}, author = {Schmitt, Norbert and Kamthania, Supriya and Rawtani, Nishant and Mendoza, Luis and Lange, Klaus-Dieter and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {29th International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS)}, keywords = {power}, month = 11, pages = {1-8}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {Energy-Efficiency Comparison of Common Sorting Algorithms}, year = 2021 }
• Fostering Intercultural Competencies in Initial Teacher Education. Implementation of Educational Design Prototypes using a Social VR Environment. Foerster, Kristina; Hein, Rebecca; Grafe, Silke; Latoschik, Marc Erich; Wienrich, Carolin. In Proceedings of Innovate Learning Summit 2020 2021, T. Bastiaens (ed.), pp. 73–86. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE), Online, United States, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
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  • [ URL ]
  The combination of globalization and digitalization emphasizes the importance of media-related and intercultural competencies of teacher educators and pre-service teachers. This article reports on the initial prototypical implementation of a pedagogical concept to foster such competencies of pre-service teachers. The proposed pedagogical concept utilizes a social VR framework since related work on the characteristics of VR indicate that this medium is particularly well suited for intercultural professional development processes. The development is integrated into a larger design-based-research approach that develops a theory-guided and empirically grounded professional development concept for teacher educators with a special focus on TETC 8. TETC provide a suitable competence framework capable of aligning both requirements for media-related as well as intercultural competencies. In an exploratory study with student teachers we designed...

  @inproceedings{FoerHeinGraf2021ys, abstract = {The combination of globalization and digitalization emphasizes the importance of media-related and intercultural competencies of teacher educators and pre-service teachers. This article reports on the initial prototypical implementation of a pedagogical concept to foster such competencies of pre-service teachers. The proposed pedagogical concept utilizes a social VR framework since related work on the characteristics of VR indicate that this medium is particularly well suited for intercultural professional development processes. The development is integrated into a larger design-based-research approach that develops a theory-guided and empirically grounded professional development concept for teacher educators with a special focus on TETC 8. TETC provide a suitable competence framework capable of aligning both requirements for media-related as well as intercultural competencies. In an exploratory study with student teachers we designed...}, address = {Online, United States}, author = {Foerster, Kristina and Hein, Rebecca and Grafe, Silke and Latoschik, Marc Erich and Wienrich, Carolin}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Innovate Learning Summit 2020 2021}, editor = {Bastiaens, Theo}, keywords = {coteach}, month = 11, pages = {73–86}, publisher = {Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE)}, title = {Fostering Intercultural Competencies in Initial Teacher Education. Implementation of Educational Design Prototypes using a Social VR Environment}, year = 2021 }
• Discrete-time Analysis of Multicomponent GI/GI/1 Queueing Networks. Geissler, Stefan; Lange, Stanislav; Tran-Gia, Phuoc; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In Conference on Networked Systems (NetSys). 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  In this work, we provide initial insights regarding the error introduced into multicomponent queueing systems by assuming the departure processes of arbitrary GI/GI/1-∞ queues to be renewal processes. To this end, we compute the sojourn time distribution as well as departure distributions of a linear chain of queueing components and compare the results to a simulation of the same system. By applying the renewal approximation, potential autocorrelations of the departure processes are lost. We investigate the magnitude of this error regarding both the sojourn time as well as interdeparture time distributions for a broad set of parameters. Although more indepth studies are needed, our results show that both distributions can be closely approximated, which allows the application of the model to asses the performance of real world NFV function chains.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-4, abstract = {In this work, we provide initial insights regarding the error introduced into multicomponent queueing systems by assuming the departure processes of arbitrary GI/GI/1-∞ queues to be renewal processes. To this end, we compute the sojourn time distribution as well as departure distributions of a linear chain of queueing components and compare the results to a simulation of the same system. By applying the renewal approximation, potential autocorrelations of the departure processes are lost. We investigate the magnitude of this error regarding both the sojourn time as well as interdeparture time distributions for a broad set of parameters. Although more indepth studies are needed, our results show that both distributions can be closely approximated, which allows the application of the model to asses the performance of real world NFV function chains.}, author = {Geissler, Stefan and Lange, Stanislav and Tran-Gia, Phuoc and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {Conference on Networked Systems (NetSys)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 11, title = {Discrete-time Analysis of Multicomponent GI/GI/1 Queueing Networks}, year = 2021 }
• Sequential Item Recommendation in the MOBA Game Dota 2. Dallmann, Alexander; Kohlmann, Johannes; Zoller, Daniel; Hotho, Andreas. In 2021 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), pp. 10–17. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games such as Dota 2 attract hundreds of thousands of players every year. Despite the large player base, it is still important to attract new players to prevent the community of a game from becoming inactive. Entering MOBA games is, however, often demanding, requiring the player to learn numerous skills at once. An important factor of success is buying the correct items which forms a complex task depending on various in-game factors such as already purchased items, the team composition, or available resources. A recommendation system can support players by reducing the mental effort required to choose a suitable item, helping, e.g., newer players or players returning to the game after a longer break, to focus on other aspects of the game. Since Sequential Item Recommendation (SIR) has proven to be effective in various domains (e.g. e-commerce, movie recommendation or playlist continuation), we explore the applicability of well-known SIR models in the context of purchase recommendations in Dota 2. To facilitate this research, we collect, analyze and publish Dota-350k, a new large dataset based on recent Dota 2 matches. We find that SIR models can be employed effectively for item recommendation in Dota 2. Our results show that models that consider the order of purchases are the most effective. In contrast to other domains, we find RNN-based models to outperform the more recent Transformer-based architectures on Dota-350k.

  @inproceedings{9679858, abstract = {Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games such as Dota 2 attract hundreds of thousands of players every year. Despite the large player base, it is still important to attract new players to prevent the community of a game from becoming inactive. Entering MOBA games is, however, often demanding, requiring the player to learn numerous skills at once. An important factor of success is buying the correct items which forms a complex task depending on various in-game factors such as already purchased items, the team composition, or available resources. A recommendation system can support players by reducing the mental effort required to choose a suitable item, helping, e.g., newer players or players returning to the game after a longer break, to focus on other aspects of the game. Since Sequential Item Recommendation (SIR) has proven to be effective in various domains (e.g. e-commerce, movie recommendation or playlist continuation), we explore the applicability of well-known SIR models in the context of purchase recommendations in Dota 2. To facilitate this research, we collect, analyze and publish Dota-350k, a new large dataset based on recent Dota 2 matches. We find that SIR models can be employed effectively for item recommendation in Dota 2. Our results show that models that consider the order of purchases are the most effective. In contrast to other domains, we find RNN-based models to outperform the more recent Transformer-based architectures on Dota-350k.}, author = {Dallmann, Alexander and Kohlmann, Johannes and Zoller, Daniel and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {2021 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW)}, keywords = {recommender}, month = 12, pages = {10-17}, title = {Sequential Item Recommendation in the MOBA Game Dota 2}, year = 2021 }
• Improving LoRaWAN’s Successful Information Transmission Rate with Redundancy. Loh, Frank; Raffeck, Simon; Metzger, Florian; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 17th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob). 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  The adaptation of Internet of Things in our everyday life shows different new demands and challenges. One of the fastest growing technologies in this context are Low Power Wide Area Networks with LoRaWAN as one of their most prominent representatives. The promise of this technology is to transmit sensor data over large distances with very little energy consumption. But transmission behavior, and especially overhead and collision probability, must be studied in detail to improve transmission quality and energy consumption due to the random access nature of LoRaWAN. Because of that, this work investigates the LoRaWAN channel capacity by analyzing the transmission overhead, the collision probability, and the data loss. At the end, an energy consumption comparison is done. The contribution is a novel approach based on aggregation and retransmission that shows a decreased data loss of up to 20% compared to the currently used random channel access.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-19, abstract = {The adaptation of Internet of Things in our everyday life shows different new demands and challenges. One of the fastest growing technologies in this context are Low Power Wide Area Networks with LoRaWAN as one of their most prominent representatives. The promise of this technology is to transmit sensor data over large distances with very little energy consumption. But transmission behavior, and especially overhead and collision probability, must be studied in detail to improve transmission quality and energy consumption due to the random access nature of LoRaWAN. Because of that, this work investigates the LoRaWAN channel capacity by analyzing the transmission overhead, the collision probability, and the data loss. At the end, an energy consumption comparison is done. The contribution is a novel approach based on aggregation and retransmission that shows a decreased data loss of up to 20% compared to the currently used random channel access.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Raffeck, Simon and Metzger, Florian and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {17th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)}, keywords = {5mart}, month = 10, title = {Improving LoRaWAN’s Successful Information Transmission Rate with Redundancy}, year = 2021 }
• CoBERT: Scientific Collaboration Prediction via Sequential Recommendation. Koopmann, Tobias; Kobs, Konstantin; Herud, Konstantin; Hotho, Andreas. In 2021 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), pp. 45–54. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Collaborations are an Important factor for scientific success, as the joint work leads to results individual scientists cannot easily reach. Recommending collaborations automatically can alleviate the time consuming and tedious search for potential collaborators. Usually, such recommendation systems rely on graph structures modeling co-authorship of papers and content-based relations such as similar paper keywords. Models are then trained to estimate the probability of links between certain authors in these graphs.In this paper, we argue that the order of papers is crucial for reliably predicting future collaborations, which is not considered by graph-based recommendation systems. We thus propose to reformulate the task of collaboration recommendation as a sequential recommendation task. Here, we aim to predict the next co-author in a chronologically sorted sequence of an author’s collaborators. We introduce CoBERT, a BERT4Rec inspired model, that predicts the sequence’s next co-author and thus a potential collaborator. Since the order of co-authors of a single paper is not that important compared to the overall paper order, we leverage positional embeddings encoding paper positions instead of co-author positions in the sequence. Additionally, we inject content features about every paper and their co-authors. We evaluate CoBERT on two datasets consisting of papers from the field of Artificial Intelligence and the journal PlosOne. We show that CoBERT can outperform graph-based methods and BERT4Rec when predicting the co-authors of the next paper. We make our code and data available.

  @inproceedings{koopmann2021cobert, abstract = {Collaborations are an Important factor for scientific success, as the joint work leads to results individual scientists cannot easily reach. Recommending collaborations automatically can alleviate the time consuming and tedious search for potential collaborators. Usually, such recommendation systems rely on graph structures modeling co-authorship of papers and content-based relations such as similar paper keywords. Models are then trained to estimate the probability of links between certain authors in these graphs.In this paper, we argue that the order of papers is crucial for reliably predicting future collaborations, which is not considered by graph-based recommendation systems. We thus propose to reformulate the task of collaboration recommendation as a sequential recommendation task. Here, we aim to predict the next co-author in a chronologically sorted sequence of an author’s collaborators. We introduce CoBERT, a BERT4Rec inspired model, that predicts the sequence’s next co-author and thus a potential collaborator. Since the order of co-authors of a single paper is not that important compared to the overall paper order, we leverage positional embeddings encoding paper positions instead of co-author positions in the sequence. Additionally, we inject content features about every paper and their co-authors. We evaluate CoBERT on two datasets consisting of papers from the field of Artificial Intelligence and the journal PlosOne. We show that CoBERT can outperform graph-based methods and BERT4Rec when predicting the co-authors of the next paper. We make our code and data available.}, author = {Koopmann, Tobias and Kobs, Konstantin and Herud, Konstantin and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {2021 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW)}, keywords = {recommender}, month = 12, pages = {45-54}, title = {CoBERT: Scientific Collaboration Prediction via Sequential Recommendation}, year = 2021 }
• Conference Talk Training With a Virtual Audience System. Glémarec, Yann; Lugrin, Jean-luc; Bosser, Anne-Gwenn; Buche, Cédric; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  This paper presents the first prototype of a virtual audience sys-tem (VAS) specifically designed as a training tool for conferencetalks. This system has been tailored for university seminars dedi-cated to the preparation and delivery of scientific talks. We describethe required features which have been identified during the de-velopment process. We also summarize the preliminary feedbackreceived from lecturers and students during the first deployment ofthe system in seminars for bachelor and doctoral students. Finally,we discuss future work and research directions. We believe oursystem architecture and features are providing interesting insightson the development and integration of VR-based educational toolsinto university curriculum.

  @article{noauthororeditor, abstract = {This paper presents the first prototype of a virtual audience sys-tem (VAS) specifically designed as a training tool for conferencetalks. This system has been tailored for university seminars dedi-cated to the preparation and delivery of scientific talks. We describethe required features which have been identified during the de-velopment process. We also summarize the preliminary feedbackreceived from lecturers and students during the first deployment ofthe system in seminars for bachelor and doctoral students. Finally,we discuss future work and research directions. We believe oursystem architecture and features are providing interesting insightson the development and integration of VR-based educational toolsinto university curriculum.}, author = {Glémarec, Yann and Lugrin, Jean-luc and Bosser, Anne-Gwenn and Buche, Cédric and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, journal = {ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology}, keywords = {vraudi}, month = 12, title = {Conference Talk Training With a Virtual Audience System}, year = 2021 }
• Visualisation methods for patient monitoring in anaesthetic procedures using augmented reality. Plabst, Lucas; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Happel, Oliver; Niebling, Florian. In VRST ’21: 27th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, Osaka, Japan, December 2021. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  In health care, there are still many devices with poorly designed user interfaces that can lead to user errors. Especially in acute care, an error can lead to critical conditions in patients. Previous research has shown that the use of augmented reality can help to better monitor the condition of patients and better detect unforeseen events. The system created in this work is intended to aid in the detection of changes in patient and equipment-data in order to increase detection of critical conditions or errors.

  @inproceedings{plabst2021visualisation, abstract = {In health care, there are still many devices with poorly designed user interfaces that can lead to user errors. Especially in acute care, an error can lead to critical conditions in patients. Previous research has shown that the use of augmented reality can help to better monitor the condition of patients and better detect unforeseen events. The system created in this work is intended to aid in the detection of changes in patient and equipment-data in order to increase detection of critical conditions or errors.}, author = {Plabst, Lucas and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Happel, Oliver and Niebling, Florian}, booktitle = {VRST '21: 27th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, Osaka, Japan, December 2021}, keywords = {niebling}, month = 12, title = {Visualisation methods for patient monitoring in anaesthetic procedures using augmented reality}, year = 2021 }
• Recreating a Medieval Mill as a Virtual Learning Environment. Fernes, David; Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST ’21). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Historic buildings shown in open-air museums often lack a good accessibility and visitors rarely can interact with them as well as displayed tools to learn about processes. Providing these buildings in Virtual Reality could be a great supplement for museums to provide accessible and interactive offers. To investigate the effectiveness of this approach and to derive design guidelines, we developed an interactive virtual replicate of a medieval mill. We present the design of the mill and the results of a preliminary usability evaluation.

  @inproceedings{fernes2021recreating, abstract = {Historic buildings shown in open-air museums often lack a good accessibility and visitors rarely can interact with them as well as displayed tools to learn about processes. Providing these buildings in Virtual Reality could be a great supplement for museums to provide accessible and interactive offers. To investigate the effectiveness of this approach and to derive design guidelines, we developed an interactive virtual replicate of a medieval mill. We present the design of the mill and the results of a preliminary usability evaluation.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Fernes, David and Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST '21)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 12, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Recreating a Medieval Mill as a Virtual Learning Environment}, year = 2021 }
• Towards a Mobile Robot Localization Benchmark with Challenging Sensordata in an Industrial Environment. Spiess, Florian; Friesslich, Jonas; Bluemm, Daniel; Mast, Fabio; Vinokour, Dmitrij; Kounev, Samuel; Kaupp, Tobias; Strobel, Norbert. In 2021 20th International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR), pp. 857–864. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  To arrive at a realistic assessment of localization methods in terms of their performance in an industrial environment under various challenging conditions, we provide a benchmark to evaluate algorithms both for individual components as well as multi-sensor systems. For several sensor types, including wheel odometry, RGB cameras, RGB-D cameras, and LIDAR, potential issues were identified. The accuracy of wheel odometry, for example, when there are bumps on the track. For each sensor type, we explicitly chose a track for the benchmark dataset containing situations where the sensor fails to provide adequate measurements. Based on the acquired sensor data, localization can be achieved either using a single sensor information or sensor fusion. To help evaluate the output of associated localization algorithms, we provide a software to evaluate a set of metrics as part of the paper. An example application of the benchmark with state-of-the-art algorithms for each sensor is also provided.

  @inproceedings{9659355, abstract = {To arrive at a realistic assessment of localization methods in terms of their performance in an industrial environment under various challenging conditions, we provide a benchmark to evaluate algorithms both for individual components as well as multi-sensor systems. For several sensor types, including wheel odometry, RGB cameras, RGB-D cameras, and LIDAR, potential issues were identified. The accuracy of wheel odometry, for example, when there are bumps on the track. For each sensor type, we explicitly chose a track for the benchmark dataset containing situations where the sensor fails to provide adequate measurements. Based on the acquired sensor data, localization can be achieved either using a single sensor information or sensor fusion. To help evaluate the output of associated localization algorithms, we provide a software to evaluate a set of metrics as part of the paper. An example application of the benchmark with state-of-the-art algorithms for each sensor is also provided.}, author = {Spiess, Florian and Friesslich, Jonas and Bluemm, Daniel and Mast, Fabio and Vinokour, Dmitrij and Kounev, Samuel and Kaupp, Tobias and Strobel, Norbert}, booktitle = {2021 20th International Conference on Advanced Robotics (ICAR)}, keywords = {t_interdisciplinary}, month = 12, pages = {857-864}, title = {Towards a Mobile Robot Localization Benchmark with Challenging Sensordata in an Industrial Environment}, year = 2021 }
• People Detection with Depth Silhouettes and Convolutional Neural Networks on a Mobile Robot. Spiess, Florian; Reinhart, Lucas; Strobel, Norbert; Kaiser, Dennis; Kounev, Samuel; Kaupp, Tobias. In Journal of Image and Graphics, 9(4), pp. 135–139. 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{spiess2021people, author = {Spiess, Florian and Reinhart, Lucas and Strobel, Norbert and Kaiser, Dennis and Kounev, Samuel and Kaupp, Tobias}, journal = {Journal of Image and Graphics}, keywords = {t_journalmagazine}, month = 12, number = 4, pages = {135-139}, title = {People Detection with Depth Silhouettes and Convolutional Neural Networks on a Mobile Robot}, volume = 9, year = 2021 }
• Learning Mathematical Relations Using Deep Tree Models. Wankerl, Sebastian; Dulny, Andrzej; Götz, Gerhard; Hotho, Andreas. In 2021 20th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA), pp. 1681–1687. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  To the present day, computer algebra systems used for calculating mathematical relations on a symbolic level are mainly rule-based systems. Only recently, deep learning has been applied to the task of symbolic mathematics. Researchers succeeded in developing neural networks which can do symbolic calculations of the equivalence of multiple pairing of equations. However, the generator used to create mathematical terms in previous research has several drawbacks and as with all deep learning tasks, the quality of the data used for training the models has a significant impact on the quality of the results. In this work, we propose a new generator for polynomials. We use it to train several recursive neural networks to recognize the equivalence, derivative, or variable substitution between pairs of polynomials for the first time. Our results indicate that these mathematical relations are identifiable with the help of deep learning.

  @inproceedings{9680206, abstract = {To the present day, computer algebra systems used for calculating mathematical relations on a symbolic level are mainly rule-based systems. Only recently, deep learning has been applied to the task of symbolic mathematics. Researchers succeeded in developing neural networks which can do symbolic calculations of the equivalence of multiple pairing of equations. However, the generator used to create mathematical terms in previous research has several drawbacks and as with all deep learning tasks, the quality of the data used for training the models has a significant impact on the quality of the results. In this work, we propose a new generator for polynomials. We use it to train several recursive neural networks to recognize the equivalence, derivative, or variable substitution between pairs of polynomials for the first time. Our results indicate that these mathematical relations are identifiable with the help of deep learning.}, author = {Wankerl, Sebastian and Dulny, Andrzej and Götz, Gerhard and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {2021 20th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA)}, keywords = {treemodels}, month = 12, pages = {1681-1687}, title = {Learning Mathematical Relations Using Deep Tree Models}, year = 2021 }
• How are your Apps Doing? QoE Inference and Analysis in Mobile Devices. Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Michael; Schüler, Joshua; Casas, Pedro; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 17th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM). Izmir, Turkey (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Web browsing has become the most important application of the Internet for the end user. When it comes to mobile devices, web services are mainly accessed through apps. This paper tackles the problem of Web Quality of Experience (QoE) in mobile devices, with a specific focus on apps QoE monitoring and analysis, using in-network (encrypted) traffic measurements. Measuring apps QoE is complex, not only from an instrumentation point of view, but also from the heterogeneity of user interactions which might realize substantially different user experience. To this end, we conduct a feasibility study on four specific and popular Android apps and their corresponding web services. Our test automation framework emulates and measures different user interactions commonly executed during an app session, including the app startup, clicking, scrolling, and searching. The resulting traffic is characterized on different dimensions, and machine learning models are trained to identify web services, apps, and user interactions, and to infer their QoE. The proposed models can correctly identify the specific web service and app in 86% of the cases and accurately estimate the associated QoE with small errors. Our preliminary study represents a first step towards an in-network, web QoE monitoring solution for mobile-device apps.

  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-15, abstract = {Web browsing has become the most important application of the Internet for the end user. When it comes to mobile devices, web services are mainly accessed through apps. This paper tackles the problem of Web Quality of Experience (QoE) in mobile devices, with a specific focus on apps QoE monitoring and analysis, using in-network (encrypted) traffic measurements. Measuring apps QoE is complex, not only from an instrumentation point of view, but also from the heterogeneity of user interactions which might realize substantially different user experience. To this end, we conduct a feasibility study on four specific and popular Android apps and their corresponding web services. Our test automation framework emulates and measures different user interactions commonly executed during an app session, including the app startup, clicking, scrolling, and searching. The resulting traffic is characterized on different dimensions, and machine learning models are trained to identify web services, apps, and user interactions, and to infer their QoE. The proposed models can correctly identify the specific web service and app in 86% of the cases and accurately estimate the associated QoE with small errors. Our preliminary study represents a first step towards an in-network, web QoE monitoring solution for mobile-device apps.}, address = {Izmir, Turkey (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Michael and Schüler, Joshua and Casas, Pedro and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {17th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = 10, title = {How are your Apps Doing? QoE Inference and Analysis in Mobile Devices}, year = 2021 }
• Teaching Software Testing Using Automated Grading. Beierlieb, Lukas; Iffländer, Lukas; Schneider, Tobias; Prantl, Thomas; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop "Automatische Bewertung von Programmieraufgaben" (ABP 2021), A. Greubel, S. Strickroth, M. Striewe (eds.). Gesellschaft für Informatik, virtual event, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Beierlieb_2021_TeachingSoftwareTestingUsingAutomatedGrading, address = {virtual event}, author = {Beierlieb, Lukas and Iffländer, Lukas and Schneider, Tobias and Prantl, Thomas and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop "Automatische Bewertung von Programmieraufgaben" (ABP 2021)}, editor = {Greubel, André and Strickroth, Sven and Striewe, Michael}, keywords = {t_workshop}, month = 10, publisher = {Gesellschaft für Informatik}, title = {Teaching Software Testing Using Automated Grading}, year = 2021 }
• Social robots and gamification for technology supported learning: An empirical study on engagement and motivation. Donnermann, Melissa; Lein, Martina; Messingschlager, Tanja; Riedmann, Anna; Schaper, Philipp; Steinhaeusser, Sophia; Lugrin, Birgit. In Computers in Human Behavior, 121, p. 106792. Elsevier, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{Donnermann_2021, author = {Donnermann, Melissa and Lein, Martina and Messingschlager, Tanja and Riedmann, Anna and Schaper, Philipp and Steinhaeusser, Sophia and Lugrin, Birgit}, journal = {Computers in Human Behavior}, keywords = {lein}, month = {08}, pages = 106792, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {Social robots and gamification for technology supported learning: An empirical study on engagement and motivation}, volume = 121, year = 2021 }
• A Case Study on Sampling Strategies for Evaluating Neural Sequential Item Recommendation Models. Dallmann, Alexander; Zoller, Daniel; Hotho, Andreas. In Fifteenth {ACM} Conference on Recommender Systems. {ACM}, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{dallmann2021study, author = {Dallmann, Alexander and Zoller, Daniel and Hotho, Andreas}, booktitle = {Fifteenth {ACM} Conference on Recommender Systems}, keywords = {recommender}, month = {09}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {A Case Study on Sampling Strategies for Evaluating Neural Sequential Item Recommendation Models}, year = 2021 }
• A Simulation-based Optimization Framework for Online Adaptation of Networks. Herrnleben, Stefan; Grohmann, Johannes; Rygielski, Pitor; Lesch, Veronika; Krupitzer, Christian; Kounev, Samuel. In Proceedings of the 12th EAI International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques (SIMUtools), of SIMUtools 2020, H. Song, D. Jiang (eds.), pp. 513–532. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  Today's data centers face a rapid change of deployed services, growing complexity, and increasing performance requirements. Customers expect not only round-the-clock availability of the hosted services but also high responsiveness. Besides optimizing software architectures and deployments, networks have to be adapted to handle the changing and volatile demands. Approaches from self-adaptive systems can be used for optimizing data center networks to continuously meet Service Level Agreements (SLAs) between data center operators and customers. However, existing approaches focus only on specific objectives like topology design, power optimization, or traffic engineering. In this paper, we present an extensible framework that analyzes networks using different types of simulation and adapts them subject to multiple objectives using various adaptation techniques. Analyzing each suggested adaptation ensures that performance requirements and SLAs are continuously met. We evaluate our framework w.r.t. (i) general requirements and assessments of languages and frameworks for adaptation models, (ii) finding Pareto-optimal solutions considering a multi-dimensional cost model, and (iii) scalability. The evaluation shows that our approach detects the bottlenecks and the violated SLAs correctly, outputs valid and cost-optimal adaptations, and keeps the runtime for the adaptation process constant even with increasing network size and an increasing number of alternative configurations.

  @inproceedings{HeGrRyLeKrKo2020-SIMUtools-Network-Online-Adaptation, abstract = {Today's data centers face a rapid change of deployed services, growing complexity, and increasing performance requirements. Customers expect not only round-the-clock availability of the hosted services but also high responsiveness. Besides optimizing software architectures and deployments, networks have to be adapted to handle the changing and volatile demands. Approaches from self-adaptive systems can be used for optimizing data center networks to continuously meet Service Level Agreements (SLAs) between data center operators and customers. However, existing approaches focus only on specific objectives like topology design, power optimization, or traffic engineering. In this paper, we present an extensible framework that analyzes networks using different types of simulation and adapts them subject to multiple objectives using various adaptation techniques. Analyzing each suggested adaptation ensures that performance requirements and SLAs are continuously met. We evaluate our framework w.r.t. (i) general requirements and assessments of languages and frameworks for adaptation models, (ii) finding Pareto-optimal solutions considering a multi-dimensional cost model, and (iii) scalability. The evaluation shows that our approach detects the bottlenecks and the violated SLAs correctly, outputs valid and cost-optimal adaptations, and keeps the runtime for the adaptation process constant even with increasing network size and an increasing number of alternative configurations.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Herrnleben, Stefan and Grohmann, Johannes and Rygielski, Pitor and Lesch, Veronika and Krupitzer, Christian and Kounev, Samuel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th EAI International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques (SIMUtools)}, editor = {Song, Houbing and Jiang, Dingde}, keywords = {networking}, month = {08}, pages = {513–532}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, series = {SIMUtools 2020}, title = {A Simulation-based Optimization Framework for Online Adaptation of Networks}, year = 2021 }
• Discrete-Time Modeling of NFV Accelerators that Exploit Batched Processing. Geissler, Stefan; Lange, Stanislav; Linguaglossa, Leonardo; Rossi, Dario; Zinner, Thomas; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems, 6(3), pp. 1–27. 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{info3-article-2021-12, author = {Geissler, Stefan and Lange, Stanislav and Linguaglossa, Leonardo and Rossi, Dario and Zinner, Thomas and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems}, keywords = {can}, month = {09}, number = 3, pages = {1-27}, title = {Discrete-Time Modeling of NFV Accelerators that Exploit Batched Processing}, volume = 6, year = 2021 }
• Rule-based Semantic Relation Extraction in Regulatory Documents. Korger, Andreas; Baumeister, Joachim. In Learning. Knowledge. Data. Analytics. Munich, Germany, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{Korger2021, address = {Munich, Germany}, author = {Korger, Andreas and Baumeister, Joachim}, booktitle = {Learning. Knowledge. Data. Analytics}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {Rule-based Semantic Relation Extraction in Regulatory Documents}, year = 2021 }
• Grab the Frog: Comparing Intuitive Use and User Experience of a Smartphone-only, AR-only, and Tangible AR Learning Environment. Oberdörfer, Sebastian; Elsässer, Anne; Grafe, Silke; Latoschik, Marc Erich. In Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (MobileHCI ’21). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) in teaching concepts allows for the visualization of complex learning contents and can simultaneously enhance the learning motivation. By providing Tangible Augmented Reality (TAR), an AR learning environment receives a haptic aspect and allows for a direct manipulation of augmented learning materials. However, manipulating tangible objects while using handheld AR might reduce the intuitive use and hence user experience. Users need to simultaneously control the application and manipulate the tangible object. Therefore, we compare the differences in intuitive use and user experience evoked by varied technologies of knowledge presentation in an educational context. In particular, we compare a TAR learning environment targeting the learning of the anatomy of vertebrates to its smartphone-only and AR-only versions. The three versions of the learning environment only differ in their method of knowledge presentation. The three versions show a similar perceived intuitive use. The TAR version, however, yielded a significantly higher attractiveness and stimulation than AR-only and smartphone-only. This suggests a positive effect of TAR learning environments on the overall learning experience.

  @inproceedings{oberdorfer2021comparing, abstract = {The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) in teaching concepts allows for the visualization of complex learning contents and can simultaneously enhance the learning motivation. By providing Tangible Augmented Reality (TAR), an AR learning environment receives a haptic aspect and allows for a direct manipulation of augmented learning materials. However, manipulating tangible objects while using handheld AR might reduce the intuitive use and hence user experience. Users need to simultaneously control the application and manipulate the tangible object. Therefore, we compare the differences in intuitive use and user experience evoked by varied technologies of knowledge presentation in an educational context. In particular, we compare a TAR learning environment targeting the learning of the anatomy of vertebrates to its smartphone-only and AR-only versions. The three versions of the learning environment only differ in their method of knowledge presentation. The three versions show a similar perceived intuitive use. The TAR version, however, yielded a significantly higher attractiveness and stimulation than AR-only and smartphone-only. This suggests a positive effect of TAR learning environments on the overall learning experience.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, author = {Oberdörfer, Sebastian and Elsässer, Anne and Grafe, Silke and Latoschik, Marc Erich}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction (MobileHCI '21)}, keywords = {horst}, month = {09}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {Grab the Frog: Comparing Intuitive Use and User Experience of a Smartphone-only, AR-only, and Tangible AR Learning Environment}, year = 2021 }
• Delivering User Experience over Networks: Towards a Quality of Experience Centered Design Cycle for Improved Design of Networked Applications. Seufert, Anika; Schröder, Svenja; Seufert, Michael. In SN Computer Science, 2. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  To deliver the best user experience (UX), the human-centered design cycle (HCDC) serves as a well-established guideline to application developers. However, it does not yet cover network-specific requirements, which become increasingly crucial, as most applications deliver experience over the Internet. The missing network-centric view is provided by Quality of Experience (QoE), which could team up with UX towards an improved overall experience. By considering QoE aspects during the development process, it can be achieved that applications become network-aware by design. In this paper, the Quality of Experience Centered Design Cycle (QoE-CDC) is proposed, which provides guidelines on how to design applications with respect to network-specific requirements and QoE. Its practical value is showcased for popular application types and validated by outlining the design of a new smartphone application. We show that combining HCDC and QoE-CDC will result in an application design, which reaches a high UX and avoids QoE degradation.

  @article{info3-article-2021-6, abstract = {To deliver the best user experience (UX), the human-centered design cycle (HCDC) serves as a well-established guideline to application developers. However, it does not yet cover network-specific requirements, which become increasingly crucial, as most applications deliver experience over the Internet. The missing network-centric view is provided by Quality of Experience (QoE), which could team up with UX towards an improved overall experience. By considering QoE aspects during the development process, it can be achieved that applications become network-aware by design. In this paper, the Quality of Experience Centered Design Cycle (QoE-CDC) is proposed, which provides guidelines on how to design applications with respect to network-specific requirements and QoE. Its practical value is showcased for popular application types and validated by outlining the design of a new smartphone application. We show that combining HCDC and QoE-CDC will result in an application design, which reaches a high UX and avoids QoE degradation.}, author = {Seufert, Anika and Schröder, Svenja and Seufert, Michael}, journal = {SN Computer Science}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {Delivering User Experience over Networks: Towards a Quality of Experience Centered Design Cycle for Improved Design of Networked Applications}, volume = 2, year = 2021 }
• Development and operation of a technology testing satellite for highly autonomous payloads and artificial intelligence. Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas; Neumann, Tobias; Riegler, Clemens; Schwarz, Tobias. In 14th Pico- and Nano-Satellite Workshop. Würzburg, Germany, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{noauthororeditor2021development, address = {Würzburg, Germany}, author = {Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas and Neumann, Tobias and Riegler, Clemens and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {14th Pico- and Nano-Satellite Workshop}, keywords = {pina}, month = {09}, title = {Development and operation of a technology testing satellite for highly autonomous payloads and artificial intelligence}, year = 2021 }
• MultiView: A Novel Star Sensor Providing Reliable Attitude Determination for CubeSats. Miethaner, Christian; Kayal, Hakan; Schwarz, Tobias; Neumann, Tobias; Schwarz, Tobias. In 14th Pico- and Nano-Satellite Workshop. Würzburg, Germany, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{miethaner2021multiview, address = {Würzburg, Germany}, author = {Miethaner, Christian and Kayal, Hakan and Schwarz, Tobias and Neumann, Tobias and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {14th Pico- and Nano-Satellite Workshop}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {MultiView: A Novel Star Sensor Providing Reliable Attitude Determination for CubeSats}, year = 2021 }
• IMU-based pose-estimation for spherical robots with limited resources. Zevering, J.; Bredenbeck, A.; Arzberger, F.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration (MFI ’21). Karlsruhe, Germany, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{MFI2021, address = {Karlsruhe, Germany}, author = {Zevering, J. and Bredenbeck, A. and Arzberger, F. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration (MFI '21)}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {IMU-based pose-estimation for spherical robots with limited resources}, year = 2021 }
• LoRaPlan: A Software to Evaluate Gateway Placement in LoRaWAN. Loh, Frank; Mehling, Noah; Metzger, Florian; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 17th International Conference on Network and Service Management. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the fastest growing Internet of Things (IoT) access network solutions. One major challenge in current LoRaWAN planning is message collision due to the random channel access. To study the collision behavior in LoRaWAN, we present LoRaPlan in this demonstration. LoRaPlan is a software to evaluate gateway placement decisions by studying the collision probability. Therefore, sensor and gateway locations can be imported to create a LoRaWAN. Furthermore, existing networks can be extended by additional gateways. Based on this setup, network coverage, network quality with regard to the number of sensors a single gateway has to manage, and also transmission quality and collision probabilities can be studied. In this demonstration, first the process of network creation with gateway and sensor import and additional manual gateway placement in LoRaPlan is presented. Different adjustable parameters are shown and the influence on network coverage and collision probability is discussed. At the end of this demonstration, it is possible for the audience to place their own gateways and evaluate own placements by means of collision probability and the coverage.

  @article{info3-article-2021-11, abstract = {Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the fastest growing Internet of Things (IoT) access network solutions. One major challenge in current LoRaWAN planning is message collision due to the random channel access. To study the collision behavior in LoRaWAN, we present LoRaPlan in this demonstration. LoRaPlan is a software to evaluate gateway placement decisions by studying the collision probability. Therefore, sensor and gateway locations can be imported to create a LoRaWAN. Furthermore, existing networks can be extended by additional gateways. Based on this setup, network coverage, network quality with regard to the number of sensors a single gateway has to manage, and also transmission quality and collision probabilities can be studied. In this demonstration, first the process of network creation with gateway and sensor import and additional manual gateway placement in LoRaPlan is presented. Different adjustable parameters are shown and the influence on network coverage and collision probability is discussed. At the end of this demonstration, it is possible for the audience to place their own gateways and evaluate own placements by means of collision probability and the coverage.}, author = {Loh, Frank and Mehling, Noah and Metzger, Florian and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {17th International Conference on Network and Service Management}, keywords = {5mart}, month = 10, title = {LoRaPlan: A Software to Evaluate Gateway Placement in LoRaWAN}, year = 2021 }
• Valid Statements by the Crowd: Statistical Measures for Precision in Crowdsourced Mobile Measurements. Wamser, Florian; Seufert, Anika; Hall, Andrew; Wunderer, Stefan; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In Network, 1(2), pp. 215–232. 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  Crowdsourced network measurements (CNMs) are becoming increasingly popular as they assess the performance of a mobile network from the end user’s perspective on a large scale. Here, network measurements are performed directly on the end-users’ devices, thus taking advantage of the real-world conditions end-users encounter. However, this type of uncontrolled measurement raises questions about its validity and reliability. The problem lies in the nature of this type of data collection. In CNMs, mobile network subscribers are involved to a large extent in the measurement process, and collect data themselves for the operator. The collection of data on user devices in arbitrary locations and at uncontrolled times requires means to ensure validity and reliability. To address this issue, our paper defines concepts and guidelines for analyzing the precision of CNMs; specifically, the number of measurements required to make valid statements. In addition to the formal definition of the aspect, we illustrate the problem and use an extensive sample data set to show possible assessment approaches. This data set consists of more than 20.4 million crowdsourced mobile measurements from across France, measured by a commercial data provider.

  @article{info3-article-2021-5, abstract = {Crowdsourced network measurements (CNMs) are becoming increasingly popular as they assess the performance of a mobile network from the end user’s perspective on a large scale. Here, network measurements are performed directly on the end-users’ devices, thus taking advantage of the real-world conditions end-users encounter. However, this type of uncontrolled measurement raises questions about its validity and reliability. The problem lies in the nature of this type of data collection. In CNMs, mobile network subscribers are involved to a large extent in the measurement process, and collect data themselves for the operator. The collection of data on user devices in arbitrary locations and at uncontrolled times requires means to ensure validity and reliability. To address this issue, our paper defines concepts and guidelines for analyzing the precision of CNMs; specifically, the number of measurements required to make valid statements. In addition to the formal definition of the aspect, we illustrate the problem and use an extensive sample data set to show possible assessment approaches. This data set consists of more than 20.4 million crowdsourced mobile measurements from across France, measured by a commercial data provider.}, author = {Wamser, Florian and Seufert, Anika and Hall, Andrew and Wunderer, Stefan and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, journal = {Network}, keywords = {can}, month = {09}, number = 2, pages = {215–232}, title = {Valid Statements by the Crowd: Statistical Measures for Precision in Crowdsourced Mobile Measurements}, volume = 1, year = 2021 }
• Entwicklung und Betrieb eines Technologieerprobungssatelliten für hochautonome Nutzlasten. Balagurin, Oleksii; Greiner, Tobias; Herbst, Tobias; Kaiser, Tobias; Kayal, Hakan; Maurer, Andreas; Schwarz, Tobias. In Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress (DLRK) 2021. Bremen, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @conference{balagurinentwicklung, address = {Bremen}, author = {Balagurin, Oleksii and Greiner, Tobias and Herbst, Tobias and Kaiser, Tobias and Kayal, Hakan and Maurer, Andreas and Schwarz, Tobias}, booktitle = {Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress (DLRK) 2021}, keywords = {myown}, month = {09}, title = {Entwicklung und Betrieb eines Technologieerprobungssatelliten für hochautonome Nutzlasten}, year = 2021 }
• Browser Fingerprinting: How to Protect Machine Learning Models and Data with Differential Privacy?. Dietz, Katharina; Mühlhauser, Michael; Seufert, Michael; Gray, Nicholas; Hoßfeld, Tobias; Herrmann, Dominik. In 1st International Workshop on Machine Learning in Networking (MaLeNe) as part of NetSys’21. Lübeck, Germany (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-16, address = {Lübeck, Germany (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Dietz, Katharina and Mühlhauser, Michael and Seufert, Michael and Gray, Nicholas and Hoßfeld, Tobias and Herrmann, Dominik}, booktitle = {1st International Workshop on Machine Learning in Networking (MaLeNe) as part of NetSys'21}, keywords = {ucn}, month = {09}, title = {Browser Fingerprinting: How to Protect Machine Learning Models and Data with Differential Privacy?}, year = 2021 }
• {Stability metrics and improved odometry prediction for tracked vehicles with tactile sensors}. Edlinger, R.; F{ö}ls, C.; Froschauer, R.; {N{ü}chter}, A. In IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR ’21), pp. 1–6. New York, USA, 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  @inproceedings{SSRR2021, address = {New York, USA}, author = {Edlinger, R. and F{\"o}ls, C. and Froschauer, R. and {N{\"u}chter}, A.}, booktitle = {IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR '21)}, keywords = {myown}, month = 10, pages = {1–6}, title = {{Stability metrics and improved odometry prediction for tracked vehicles with tactile sensors}}, year = 2021 }
• Do Different Deep Metric Learning Losses Lead to Similar Learned Features?. Kobs, Konstantin; Steininger, Michael; Dulny, Andrzej; Hotho, Andreas. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), pp. 10644–10654. 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @article{noauthororeditor, author = {Kobs, Konstantin and Steininger, Michael and Dulny, Andrzej and Hotho, Andreas}, journal = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)}, keywords = 2021, month = 10, pages = {10644-10654}, title = {Do Different Deep Metric Learning Losses Lead to Similar Learned Features?}, year = 2021 }
• Mobile Web and App QoE Monitoring for ISPs - from Encrypted Traffic to Speed Index through Machine Learning. Casas, Pedro; Wassermann, Sarah; Wehner, Nikolas; Seufert, Michael; Schüler, Joshua; Hoßfeld, Tobias. In 13th Wireless and Mobile Networking Conference (WMNC), Best Paper Award. Montreal, Canada (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-17, address = {Montreal, Canada (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Casas, Pedro and Wassermann, Sarah and Wehner, Nikolas and Seufert, Michael and Schüler, Joshua and Hoßfeld, Tobias}, booktitle = {13th Wireless and Mobile Networking Conference (WMNC), Best Paper Award}, keywords = {ucn}, month = 10, title = {Mobile Web and App QoE Monitoring for ISPs - from Encrypted Traffic to Speed Index through Machine Learning}, year = 2021 }
• Machine-Learning Based Prediction of Next HTTP Request Arrival Time in Adaptive Video Streaming. Pimpinella, Andrea; Redondi, Alessandro E.C.; Loh, Frank; Seufert, Michael. In 3rd International Workshop on High-Precision, Predictable, and Low-Latency Networking (HiPNet). Izmir, Turkey (Virtual Conference), 2021.
  • [ BibTeX ]
  @inproceedings{info3-inproceedings-2021-18, address = {Izmir, Turkey (Virtual Conference)}, author = {Pimpinella, Andrea and Redondi, Alessandro E.C. and Loh, Frank and Seufert, Michael}, booktitle = {3rd International Workshop on High-Precision, Predictable, and Low-Latency Networking (HiPNet)}, keywords = {ucn}, month = 10, title = {Machine-Learning Based Prediction of Next HTTP Request Arrival Time in Adaptive Video Streaming}, year = 2021 }
• DAEDALUS -- Descent And Exploration in Deep Autonomy of Lava Underground Structures. Rossi, A. P.; Maurelli, F.; Unnithan, V.; Dreger, H.; Mathewos, K.; Pradhan, N.; Corbeanu, D.-A.; Pozzobon, R.; Massironi, M.; Ferrari, S.; Pernechele, C.; Paoletti, L.; Simioni, E.; Pajola, M.; Santagata, T.; Borrmann, D.; N{ü}chter, A.; Bredenbeck, A.; Zevering, J.; Arzberger, F.; Mantilla, C. A. R. In of Uni Wuerzburg Research Notes in Robotics and Telematics, pp. 1–190. Julius Maximilian University of W{ü}rzburg, 2021.
  • [ Abstract ]
  • [ BibTeX ]
  • [ URL ]
  The DAEDALUS mission concept aims at exploring and characterising the entrance and initial part of Lunar lava tubes within a compact, tightly integrated spherical robotic device, with a complementary payload set and autonomous capabilities. The mission concept addresses specifically the identification and characterisation of potential resources for future ESA exploration, the local environment of the subsurface and its geologic and compositional structure. A sphere is ideally suited to protect sensors and scientific equipment in rough, uneven environments. It will house laser scanners, cameras and ancillary payloads. The sphere will be lowered into the skylight and will explore the entrance shaft, associated caverns and conduits. Lidar (light detection and ranging) systems produce 3D models with high spatial accuracy independent of lighting conditions and visible features. Hence this will be the primary exploration toolset within the sphere. The additional payload that can be accommodated in the robotic sphere consists of camera systems with panoramic lenses and scanners such as multi-wavelength or single-photon scanners. A moving mass will trigger movements. The tether for lowering the sphere will be used for data communication and powering the equipment during the descending phase. Furthermore, the connector tether-sphere will host a WIFI access point, such that data of the conduit can be transferred to the surface relay station. During the exploration phase, the robot will be disconnected from the cable, and will use wireless communication. Emergency autonomy software will ensure that in case of loss of communication, the robot will continue the nominal mission.

  @book{DAEDALUS2021, abstract = {The DAEDALUS mission concept aims at exploring and characterising the entrance and initial part of Lunar lava tubes within a compact, tightly integrated spherical robotic device, with a complementary payload set and autonomous capabilities. The mission concept addresses specifically the identification and characterisation of potential resources for future ESA exploration, the local environment of the subsurface and its geologic and compositional structure. A sphere is ideally suited to protect sensors and scientific equipment in rough, uneven environments. It will house laser scanners, cameras and ancillary payloads. The sphere will be lowered into the skylight and will explore the entrance shaft, associated caverns and conduits. Lidar (light detection and ranging) systems produce 3D models with high spatial accuracy independent of lighting conditions and visible features. Hence this will be the primary exploration toolset within the sphere. The additional payload that can be accommodated in the robotic sphere consists of camera systems with panoramic lenses and scanners such as multi-wavelength or single-photon scanners. A moving mass will trigger movements. The tether for lowering the sphere will be used for data communication and powering the equipment during the descending phase. Furthermore, the connector tether-sphere will host a WIFI access point, such that data of the conduit can be transferred to the surface relay station. During the exploration phase, the robot will be disconnected from the cable, and will use wireless communication. Emergency autonomy software will ensure that in case of loss of communication, the robot will continue the nominal mission.}, address = {Julius Maximilian University of W{\"u}rzburg}, author = {Rossi, A. P. and Maurelli, F. and Unnithan, V. and Dreger, H. and Mathewos, K. and Pradhan, N. and Corbeanu, D.-A. and Pozzobon, R. and Massironi, M. and Ferrari, S. and Pernechele, C. and Paoletti, L. and Simioni, E. and Pajola, M. and Santagata, T. and Borrmann, D. and N{\"u}chter, A. and Bredenbeck, A. and Zevering, J. and Arzberger, F. and Mantilla, C. A. R.}, keywords = {myown}, month = {03}, pages = {1–190}, series = {Uni Wuerzburg Research Notes in Robotics and Telematics}, title = {DAEDALUS – Descent And Exploration in Deep Autonomy of Lava Underground Structures}, year = 2021 }